47:"/_next/static/chunks/2g8w-80ml0qgh.js" 48:"/_next/static/chunks/0iv56yrji_20j.js" 49:"/_next/static/chunks/26v-2o8eqscfn.js" 4a:"/_next/static/chunks/0lc44eilyyvky.js" 4b:"/_next/static/chunks/1jl6tco-uuy-j.js" 4c:"/_next/static/chunks/1ot1rbfa0d_n4.js" 4d:"/_next/static/chunks/3n7h0f3nk8y8p.js" 4e:"/_next/static/chunks/3k2gyg36fnag_.js" 4f:"/_next/static/chunks/3m0r7x0jt5wm7.js" 50:"/_next/static/chunks/2fohwszm1xz1m.js" 51:"/_next/static/chunks/3bgoyiso1rhn7.js" 52:"/_next/static/chunks/19bc9syhv3w28.js" 53:"/_next/static/chunks/0wa9m1-tphf9u.js" 54:"/_next/static/chunks/0m2d8jznc9t02.js" 55:"/_next/static/chunks/1xu72k8i0p_ma.js" 56:"/_next/static/chunks/2a1rt036gjwtj.js" 57:"/_next/static/chunks/1s05-oinjbm85.js" 58:"/_next/static/chunks/20k3408cq3fwt.js" 59:"/_next/static/chunks/1_lo_qve3gu86.js" 5a:"/_next/static/chunks/3di53f0fz7pw_.js" 5b:"/_next/static/chunks/3m1xjj5kw5fie.js" 5c:"/_next/static/chunks/0so1i35v7xcta.js" 5d:"/_next/static/chunks/082jo-0ajazgr.js" 5e:"/_next/static/chunks/0-a64pg0hn7g7.js" 5f:"/_next/static/chunks/09nq57stwzkgf.js" 60:"/_next/static/chunks/20329i6m_04t6.js" 61:"/_next/static/chunks/0i3-eynrkvqi7.js" 62:"/_next/static/chunks/0oag6lffx7d01.js" 63:"/_next/static/chunks/1nyz-fz1mk3y6.js" 64:"/_next/static/chunks/1dl4k5870muic.js" 65:"/_next/static/chunks/2ozcrjb_hh74t.js" 66:"/_next/static/chunks/18ggtgz2yf759.js" 67:"/_next/static/chunks/1tn-0fivsxsv1.js" 68:"/_next/static/chunks/0hlb44ca7-4a2.js" 69:"/_next/static/chunks/1ch_-e7_eco00.js" 6a:"/_next/static/chunks/40mq7ggq-ozo4.js" 6b:"/_next/static/chunks/2112y_x317i7a.js" 6c:"/_next/static/chunks/2k8pepwc4pxns.js" 6d:"/_next/static/chunks/2hr13i-t0krnb.js" 6e:"/_next/static/chunks/0hy4a31wjpabs.js" 6f:"/_next/static/chunks/2mw79vtbi206x.js" 70:"/_next/static/chunks/253gnmj0-cj17.js" 71:I[593304,["$2d","$2e","$2f","$30","$31","$32","$47","$48","$49","$4a","$4b","$4c","$4d","$4e","$4f","$50","$51","$52","$53","$54","$55","$56","$57","$58","$59","$5a","$5b","$5c","$5d","$5e","$5f","$60","$61","$62","$63","$64","$65","$66","$67","$68","$69","$6a","$6b","$6c","$6d","$6e","$6f","$70"],"OwnedHydration"] 72:T454,// Asynchronous message passing pseudocode // Sender doesn't wait for receiver void sender_process() { message_t msg1, msg2, msg3; // All sends return immediately - messages queued async_send(RECEIVER_ID, &msg1); // Returns immediately async_send(RECEIVER_ID, &msg2); // Returns immediately async_send(RECEIVER_ID, &msg3); // Returns immediately // All three messages now "in flight" // But we don't know if they've been received yet do_other_work(); // Can proceed without waiting } void receiver_process() { message_t msg; // May block if no messages buffered, or return immediately if available async_receive(ANY_SENDER, &msg); process_message(&msg); } // Timeline visualization (3 messages): // // Sender: --[s1]-[s2]-[s3]--[other_work]----> // | | | // v v v (messages in flight) // Network: ===m1===m2===m3==================> // | | | // v v v // Receiver: --------[r1]-[process]-[r2]-[process]-[r3]---->73:T73f,// At-least-once delivery with retry logic // Messages may be delivered multiple times typedef struct { uint64_t message_id; // Unique identifier for deduplication char payload[MAX_PAYLOAD]; } message_t; int send_at_least_once(int socket, message_t *msg, int max_retries) { int retries = 0; while (retries < max_retries) { // Send the message if (send(socket, msg, sizeof(*msg), 0) < 0) { retries++; continue; } // Wait for acknowledgment with timeout struct timeval timeout = {.tv_sec = 1, .tv_usec = 0}; setsockopt(socket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, &timeout, sizeof(timeout)); ack_t ack; ssize_t received = recv(socket, &ack, sizeof(ack), 0); if (received > 0 && ack.message_id == msg->message_id) { return 0; // Success - acknowledged } // Timeout or wrong ack - retry retries++; printf("Retry %d for message %lu ", retries, msg->message_id); } return -1; // Failed after max retries } // Receiver side - idempotent processing required! void receive_at_least_once(int socket) { // Track seen message IDs to detect duplicates hashset_t seen_messages; message_t msg; while (recv(socket, &msg, sizeof(msg), 0) > 0) { // Check for duplicate if (hashset_contains(&seen_messages, msg.message_id)) { printf("Duplicate message %lu ignored ", msg.message_id); } else { // First time seeing this message hashset_add(&seen_messages, msg.message_id); process_message(&msg); } // Always send acknowledgment (even for duplicates) ack_t ack = {.message_id = msg.message_id}; send(socket, &ack, sizeof(ack), 0); } }74:T411,Beyond delivery guarantees, distributed systems must consider **ordering**—when multiple messages are sent, in what order are they received? The answer depends on the guarantees provided by the communication system. **Why Ordering Matters** Consider a distributed database receiving two updates: 1. `SET balance = 100` 2. `SET balance = 200` If these arrive out of order, the final state is wrong. Similarly, if `WRITE data` arrives before `OPEN file`, the operation fails. Many correctness properties depend on message ordering. **FIFO (Point-to-Point) Ordering** The weakest useful guarantee: messages from sender A to receiver B are delivered in the order sent. This says nothing about messages from different senders or to different receivers. **Causal Ordering** Preserves cause-and-effect relationships: if message M1 causally precedes M2 (M1 was sent before M2, and the sender of M2 had seen M1), then M1 is delivered before M2 at all receivers. This is stronger than FIFO and captures intuitive notions of "happened before."75:T823,// FIFO ordering implementation using sequence numbers // Ensures messages from same sender arrive in order sent typedef struct { uint32_t sender_id; uint32_t sequence_num; // Per-sender sequence number char payload[MAX_PAYLOAD]; } ordered_message_t; // Sender maintains per-destination sequence counter typedef struct { uint32_t next_sequence[MAX_DESTINATIONS]; } sender_state_t; void fifo_send(sender_state_t *state, int dest_id, const char *payload) { ordered_message_t msg = { .sender_id = MY_ID, .sequence_num = state->next_sequence[dest_id]++, }; strncpy(msg.payload, payload, MAX_PAYLOAD); network_send(dest_id, &msg, sizeof(msg)); } // Receiver tracks expected sequence number from each sender typedef struct { uint32_t expected_sequence[MAX_SENDERS]; // Buffer for out-of-order messages ordered_message_t buffer[MAX_SENDERS][BUFFER_SIZE]; int buffer_count[MAX_SENDERS]; } receiver_state_t; void fifo_receive(receiver_state_t *state, ordered_message_t *msg) { uint32_t sender = msg->sender_id; if (msg->sequence_num == state->expected_sequence[sender]) { // In-order message - deliver immediately deliver_message(msg); state->expected_sequence[sender]++; // Check buffer for now-deliverable messages check_buffered_messages(state, sender); } else if (msg->sequence_num > state->expected_sequence[sender]) { // Out-of-order - buffer for later buffer_message(state, sender, msg); } // Ignore if sequence_num < expected (duplicate or old message) } void check_buffered_messages(receiver_state_t *state, uint32_t sender) { // Deliver any buffered messages that are now in sequence while (1) { ordered_message_t *buffered = find_in_buffer( state, sender, state->expected_sequence[sender] ); if (!buffered) break; deliver_message(buffered); remove_from_buffer(state, sender, buffered); state->expected_sequence[sender]++; } }76:T579,Operating systems provide the fundamental infrastructure for message passing. Understanding how the OS supports message passing reveals the layers of abstraction between application code and network hardware. **Unix/Linux: The Socket Abstraction** The socket API is the primary message passing interface for network communication on Unix-like systems. Sockets abstract the complexities of network protocols behind a familiar file-descriptor interface: - **UDP sockets**: Direct mapping to the message passing model. Each `sendto()`/`recvfrom()` transfers one discrete message. No ordering or reliability guarantees. - **TCP sockets**: Stream abstraction built on messages. The kernel handles segmentation, ordering, reliability, and flow control. Applications see a reliable byte stream, but underneath TCP uses message passing with sequence numbers and acknowledgments. **Kernel Message Buffers** The kernel manages buffers for both sending and receiving: - **Send buffer**: When an application calls `send()`, data is copied to a kernel buffer. The call returns when data is buffered (not when delivered). The kernel transmits in the background. - **Receive buffer**: Incoming data is buffered by the kernel until the application calls `recv()`. If the buffer fills (receiver slower than sender), different behaviors occur depending on protocol—TCP exerts back-pressure; UDP drops packets.77:T835,// UDP socket-based message passing // Each sendto()/recvfrom() is a complete message #include #include #include typedef struct { uint32_t type; uint32_t sequence; char payload[1024]; } app_message_t; // Initialize UDP socket for message passing int create_message_socket(int port) { int sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); // SOCK_DGRAM = UDP if (sock < 0) return -1; struct sockaddr_in addr = { .sin_family = AF_INET, .sin_port = htons(port), .sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY, }; if (bind(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0) { close(sock); return -1; } return sock; } // Send a message to a specific destination int send_message(int sock, const char *dest_ip, int dest_port, app_message_t *msg) { struct sockaddr_in dest = { .sin_family = AF_INET, .sin_port = htons(dest_port), }; inet_pton(AF_INET, dest_ip, &dest.sin_addr); // sendto() transmits the complete message atomically // Either the whole message goes out, or none of it ssize_t sent = sendto(sock, msg, sizeof(*msg), 0, (struct sockaddr*)&dest, sizeof(dest)); return (sent == sizeof(*msg)) ? 0 : -1; } // Receive a message from any sender int receive_message(int sock, app_message_t *msg, struct sockaddr_in *sender) { socklen_t sender_len = sizeof(*sender); // recvfrom() returns one complete message // Message boundaries are preserved in UDP ssize_t received = recvfrom(sock, msg, sizeof(*msg), 0, (struct sockaddr*)sender, &sender_len); return (received == sizeof(*msg)) ? 0 : -1; } // Example usage void example_sender() { int sock = create_message_socket(0); // Ephemeral port app_message_t msg = { .type = MSG_TYPE_REQUEST, .sequence = 1, }; strcpy(msg.payload, "Hello, distributed world!"); send_message(sock, "192.168.1.100", 5000, &msg); }78:T6e2,// POSIX Message Queue - kernel-managed local message passing // Provides discrete messages with priority #include #include #define QUEUE_NAME "/example_queue" #define MAX_MSG_SIZE 1024 #define MAX_MSGS 10 // Create or open message queue mqd_t create_message_queue() { struct mq_attr attr = { .mq_flags = 0, .mq_maxmsg = MAX_MSGS, // Max messages in queue .mq_msgsize = MAX_MSG_SIZE, // Max message size .mq_curmsgs = 0, }; mqd_t mq = mq_open(QUEUE_NAME, O_CREAT | O_RDWR, 0644, &attr); return mq; } // Send message with priority (0-31, higher = higher priority) int send_with_priority(mqd_t mq, const char *message, unsigned priority) { return mq_send(mq, message, strlen(message) + 1, priority); } // Receive highest-priority message int receive_priority(mqd_t mq, char *buffer, size_t bufsize, unsigned *priority) { return mq_receive(mq, buffer, bufsize, priority); } // Example: multi-process communication void producer_process() { mqd_t mq = create_message_queue(); // Send messages with different priorities send_with_priority(mq, "Low priority task", 5); send_with_priority(mq, "Critical task", 31); // Delivered first! send_with_priority(mq, "Normal task", 15); mq_close(mq); } void consumer_process() { mqd_t mq = mq_open(QUEUE_NAME, O_RDONLY); char buffer[MAX_MSG_SIZE]; unsigned priority; while (mq_receive(mq, buffer, sizeof(buffer), &priority) != -1) { printf("Received (priority %u): %s ", priority, buffer); } mq_close(mq); mq_unlink(QUEUE_NAME); // Remove queue }79:Tcce,# Resilient message sending with common patterns import time import random from functools import wraps class CircuitBreaker: """Prevents overwhelming a failing service""" def __init__(self, failure_threshold=5, reset_timeout=60): self.failure_count = 0 self.failure_threshold = failure_threshold self.reset_timeout = reset_timeout self.last_failure_time = 0 self.state = "closed" # closed = normal, open = blocking def record_failure(self): self.failure_count += 1 self.last_failure_time = time.time() if self.failure_count >= self.failure_threshold: self.state = "open" def record_success(self): self.failure_count = 0 self.state = "closed" def can_proceed(self): if self.state == "closed": return True # Check if reset timeout has elapsed if time.time() - self.last_failure_time > self.reset_timeout: return True # Allow one attempt (half-open state) return False def retry_with_backoff(max_retries=5, base_delay=1.0, max_delay=60.0): """Decorator for retry with exponential backoff""" def decorator(func): @wraps(func) def wrapper(*args, **kwargs): last_exception = None for attempt in range(max_retries): try: return func(*args, **kwargs) except Exception as e: last_exception = e if attempt < max_retries - 1: # Exponential backoff with jitter delay = min(base_delay * (2 ** attempt), max_delay) jitter = random.uniform(0, delay * 0.1) time.sleep(delay + jitter) raise last_exception return wrapper return decorator class ResilientMessageSender: """Message sender with retry, circuit breaker, and idempotency""" def __init__(self, connection): self.connection = connection self.circuit_breakers = {} # Per-destination circuit breakers def get_circuit_breaker(self, destination): if destination not in self.circuit_breakers: self.circuit_breakers[destination] = CircuitBreaker() return self.circuit_breakers[destination] @retry_with_backoff(max_retries=5) def send_message(self, destination, message, idempotency_key=None): """Send with retry, circuit breaker, and idempotency support""" cb = self.get_circuit_breaker(destination) if not cb.can_proceed(): raise CircuitOpenError(f"Circuit open for {destination}") try: # Include idempotency key for receiver-side deduplication envelope = { "idempotency_key": idempotency_key or generate_uuid(), "timestamp": time.time(), "payload": message, } result = self.connection.send(destination, envelope) cb.record_success() return result except Exception as e: cb.record_failure() raise7a:T42e,Beyond point-to-point communication, many distributed systems require sending the same message to multiple recipients. This is **group communication** or **multicast**, and it introduces additional complexity. **Types of Multicast** - **Best-effort multicast**: No delivery guarantees. A message might reach some recipients and not others. - **Reliable multicast**: All correct (non-crashed) recipients receive the message if any correct recipient receives it. - **Atomic multicast (Total order multicast)**: All messages are delivered in the same order at all recipients. Required for replicated state machines. **The Challenge of Reliable Multicast** Simply sending the same message to each recipient isn't reliable—some might receive it, others might not. Achieving reliability requires coordination: 1. **Acknowledgment tracking**: Sender tracks which recipients have acknowledged. 2. **Retransmission**: Resend to recipients that haven't acknowledged. 3. **Or recipient-to-recipient repair**: Recipients who received the message resend to those who didn't.7b:Tbf5,# Reliable multicast with acknowledgment tracking from threading import Thread, Lock import time class ReliableMulticast: """ Implements reliable multicast using sender-based acknowledgment tracking. Guarantees: if any correct recipient receives the message, all correct recipients eventually receive it. """ def __init__(self, group_members, send_func): self.members = group_members self.send = send_func self.pending_acks = {} # message_id -> set of members not yet acked self.lock = Lock() self.max_retries = 5 self.retry_interval = 1.0 # seconds def multicast(self, message): """Send message to all group members reliably""" message_id = generate_unique_id() with self.lock: # Track which members need to acknowledge self.pending_acks[message_id] = set(self.members) # Send to all members in parallel for member in self.members: self._send_to_member(member, message_id, message) # Start background thread to handle retransmissions retransmitter = Thread( target=self._retransmission_loop, args=(message_id, message) ) retransmitter.daemon = True retransmitter.start() return message_id def _send_to_member(self, member, message_id, message): """Send message to a single member""" envelope = { 'message_id': message_id, 'payload': message, 'requires_ack': True, } self.send(member, envelope) def receive_ack(self, member, message_id): """Process acknowledgment from a member""" with self.lock: if message_id in self.pending_acks: self.pending_acks[message_id].discard(member) # All members acknowledged? if not self.pending_acks[message_id]: del self.pending_acks[message_id] return True # Fully acknowledged return False def _retransmission_loop(self, message_id, message): """Retransmit to members who haven't acknowledged""" retries = 0 while retries < self.max_retries: time.sleep(self.retry_interval) with self.lock: if message_id not in self.pending_acks: return # All acknowledged pending = list(self.pending_acks[message_id]) # Retransmit to non-acknowledging members for member in pending: self._send_to_member(member, message_id, message) retries += 1 # Max retries exceeded - log/alert about unreachable members with self.lock: if message_id in self.pending_acks: failed = self.pending_acks[message_id] log_delivery_failure(message_id, list(failed))46:["$","$L71",null,{"owner":"anonymous","state":{"mutations":[],"queries":[{"dehydratedAt":1792309663701,"state":{"data":{"json":{"archivedAt":null,"id":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","slug":"operating-systems","title":"Operating Systems","description":"Master Operating Systems from fundamentals to advanced concepts. This comprehensive path covers processes, threads, memory management, file systems, I/O, virtualization, and distributed systems with 47 chapters and 1201+ pages.","image":null,"color":"#EF4444","keyTopics":["Process Management","Thread Synchronization","Memory Management","Virtual Memory","File Systems","I/O Systems","Virtualization","Distributed Systems"],"estimatedHours":196.8,"problemCount":0,"visualizerCount":0,"quizCount":0,"learningCount":236,"difficulty":"INTERMEDIATE","idealFor":["Computer Science students","Systems programmers","Backend engineers","Anyone preparing for systems interviews"],"prerequisites":["Basic programming (C preferred)","Understanding of computer architecture","Basic data structures knowledge"],"skillsGained":["Process and thread management","Synchronization primitives","Memory management techniques","File system design","System call implementation","Performance optimization"],"outcomes":["Understand OS internals deeply","Debug systems-level issues","Design concurrent programs","Optimize system performance","Prepare for systems interviews","Build OS components"],"overview":"This comprehensive learning path takes you from OS fundamentals to advanced systems concepts, preparing you for systems programming and interviews.\n\n**What you'll learn:**\n• OS History and Evolution\n• Process management and scheduling\n• Thread synchronization and concurrency\n• Memory management and virtual memory\n• File systems and storage\n• I/O systems and device drivers\n• Virtualization and containers\n• Distributed systems concepts\n• Security and protection\n• Modern OS topics\n\nEach topic includes detailed explanations with practical examples.","createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.111Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:34.121Z","modules":[{"id":"seed_0989bba9c801e30c2f8d8fbcccc160fb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"What Is an Operating System?","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"what-is-an-operating-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_b0818c91ff08af47baa34eb62858f66c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"History of Operating Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"history-of-operating-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_2ccef563a867bb7804728aac2ec8898b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Types of Operating Systems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"types-of-operating-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_837ca9e393dfaed490f4c2ab1d0c7b9b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Operating System Services","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"operating-system-services","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_e450fe77a88991a07a3d5c98dbc9e1c9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Operating System Structure","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"operating-system-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_bfc441947857a25112da5292201b9944","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Design Goals and Tradeoffs in Operating Systems","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"design-goals-and-tradeoffs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_86da1ea83ce7927e2a15080b95fef560","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"von Neumann Architecture","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"von-neumann-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_468b82c6119325a617edc0f311cbe3f3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"CPU Execution Modes","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cpu-execution-modes","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_45eef80b7025070c0c4404de5a533b71","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"Memory Hierarchy: From Registers to Disk","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-hierarchy","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_980787327dac546179c8d7ab893f8e4d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"Interrupts and Exceptions","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"interrupts-and-exceptions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_f6e1083fa8c58d5bd8c75a27d235251e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"I/O Architecture: How the CPU Communicates with the World","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_d0557b0f349b5f70f81e2748910e3005","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"Cache Coherence and Memory Consistency","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cache-coherence","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_a81fd6898d35ccf59a1cbaaca8e8a659","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Monolithic Kernels: The Traditional OS Architecture","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"monolithic-kernels","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2e766749fc8e4bec70ebefe52f4f3e43","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Microkernel Architecture","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"microkernel-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e072f947c9ab98b98e7e0762b2084ce6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Hybrid Kernels","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hybrid-kernels","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ecc734779008ee009eb0a4ffbc502498","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Loadable Kernel Modules","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"loadable-kernel-modules","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9d115c9f3ae3b4f29f09606f3eff588f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Boot Process","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"boot-process","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_82148746a8bc2509227f2483fa9e58cd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Virtual Machines","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtual-machines","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b7f231e822013edf953a1f54b39cdd64","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"System Call Mechanism","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"system-call-mechanism","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1f5af05d88b718fb8bad812f1c507b13","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"System Call Types","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"system-call-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_0ff105e065cd1375b969a854613682f1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"POSIX Interface: The Portable Operating System Standard","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"posix-interface","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_80f17dc5d70a0bae02aa38ac830d5dae","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"Windows API","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"windows-api","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4b4dbf12032d712927f668a6e1fc3d0b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"Library Functions vs System Calls","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"library-functions-vs-system-calls","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9021890711dd458837c4f54fbd4973c5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls Api","sectionOrder":5,"title":"System Call Implementation","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"system-call-implementation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_077f486143700610ae3fc15ec7dca0d2","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process Definition","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-definition","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d60354496ce5346a5f33ab1e9b4b67ba","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process Control Block (PCB)","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-control-block","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_932edb67e048a2aa3949ccad1c000032","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process States","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-states","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8b6f755f9699c9ea81bb12f165930890","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process State Transitions","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"state-transitions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4edfc277c91ec64c1fe2524c3a10dff7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process Queues: Managing System Resources","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-queues","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_c548e97a99451cf65520d1c3ca157603","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Context Switching: The Heart of Multitasking","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"context-switching","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d3b0ef17f2731b131288d4e78876410b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"Process Creation","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-creation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_188e252485047268d55ce1e8d6010d59","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"The fork() System Call","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fork-system-call","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_67342be312dd695308c4d12f84ebfbc3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"The exec() Family of System Calls","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"exec-family","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_57250ecb2cb222d18431a0df69ea7d38","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"Process Termination","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-termination","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_07a7906e50bf512fc33e1f702cd10a6d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"Orphans and Zombies: Handling Parent-Child Process Anomalies","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"orphans-and-zombies","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4d33225e45483b73ca9b58a507cf087b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation Termination","sectionOrder":8,"title":"wait() and waitpid() System Calls","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"wait-and-waitpid","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_20a9c35106e25d5006789fb949a26a78","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"IPC Overview","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ipc-overview","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_6938a68a7cc9e78c966d4b5a5e3dfda8","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Pipes – Fundamental IPC Mechanism","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"pipes","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2c83fc712179dd03bf000225ec6e304b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Named Pipes (FIFOs): Persistent Inter-Process Communication","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"named-pipes-fifos","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b8be570290835678ecc04f0652594858","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Message Queues","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-message-queues","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b37f87427b64dbe1b3606c3b7d5253a9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Shared Memory: The Fastest IPC Mechanism","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"shared-memory","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8a100b935bf7f5cba81a227fd2bb1cf4","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Signals: Software Interrupts for Process Communication","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"signals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_42c2a0ddd8fc2bf250e986feb527df3b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Scheduling Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"scheduling-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_87bec7889b7fec9ebcc318cdbd6a0559","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"First-Come, First-Served (FCFS)","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"first-come-first-served","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_87b81c518aed7bd3cdb4482412c43e90","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Shortest Job First (SJF) & SRTF","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"sjf-and-srtf","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_aa42e026909c36d09b71b4e929d0f830","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"LRTF & HRRN Scheduling Algorithms","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"lrtf-and-hrrn","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2cf39c51ad3b333119373b476d1a7a2d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Priority Scheduling","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"priority-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a654fb84db3346da0c6d9bc83d4d5d58","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Round Robin & Multi-Level Queue Scheduling","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"round-robin-and-multi-level-queue","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_84d9ae211ca63350c5015c92962347ce","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Thread Fundamentals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-fundamentals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e8de0944542297d2927e25437ca5ff5c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"User-Level Threads","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"user-level-threads","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d65203d8191335be6756f1fc3662f58a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Kernel-Level Threads","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"kernel-level-threads","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1147b92814dd4a879d191ad966fa2628","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Threading Models: Mapping User and Kernel Threads","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"threading-models","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_45942b7628dcb2c31cbc02a7ebf6953d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Thread Libraries","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-libraries","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a75092c3cf00c5ca285943bbca9958f3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Thread Issues","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-issues","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_7712ba1c01e9ee5fabc424b5c4723c99","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Concurrency Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"concurrency-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_fd5bc15b164eadabd248b2006512dbaf","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Fork-Join Model","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fork-join-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2a7bf29b720b17371ef92b924755cc80","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"The parbegin-parend Model: Structured Concurrent Execution","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"parbegin-parend-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1cee940d03b7febd2b73411f06a914fb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Thread Pools","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-pools","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_bfd74c13ce11b9491b087cf01dd8a168","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Asynchronous Programming","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"asynchronous-programming","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_513e0e1ded7d6283caae3de9b896a46b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Common Concurrency Patterns","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"common-concurrency-patterns","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ec50e85045d715685069205035d72720","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Multi-Processor Scheduling","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"multi-processor-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_3f2fc1678dd6a01fde9a807692bba569","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Load Balancing in Multiprocessor Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-load-balancing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a550b0a396ce7fabcfdd5d852d88708c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Processor Affinity","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"processor-affinity","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_dc62ac0fcc6707daf18963371012f01e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Real-Time Scheduling","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-cpu-scheduling-advanced-real-time-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9a7a209c38cbdf505869ca78f3755493","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Linux Scheduling","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ede70642db3e09cef4cf709ccff54f65","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Windows Scheduling","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"windows-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_538a852460c650c526ab0c98cc6a39ab","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Race Conditions","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"race-conditions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b0391dad5390b2a5509d154284068c68","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"The Critical Section Problem","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"critical-section-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a2845ec49a964316d45468e706ca0ae0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Requirements for Solutions to the Critical Section Problem","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"requirements-for-solutions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_292c003373582ceb8518dc40d3d98e5a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Peterson's Solution","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"petersons-solution","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_734ef1c685c8634b040ec1d685812236","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Dekker's Algorithm","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"dekkers-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_298e344dcd38b3be39e486afc23ba4ed","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Disabling Interrupts for Mutual Exclusion","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"disabling-interrupts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1eddf95478ac90ee67e75d9a0dc7bcfb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks And Hardware Support","sectionOrder":15,"title":"Sleep and Wakeup Mechanisms","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"sleep-and-wakeup","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_bdfe65adf78f9dc9ded3bde19c222b3a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Spinlocks","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"spinlocks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a5b9d700782c503cdfe833d9ebfa65f2","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Test-and-Set Lock (TSL): Hardware-Assisted Synchronization","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"test-and-set-lock","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4513483c67b0a39b1fb722040508bc07","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Compare-and-Swap: Foundation of Lock-Free Concurrency","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"compare-and-swap","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_6f9347e8c8a4b551eb419c0f615eeb09","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Mutex Locks: Mutual Exclusion Primitives","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"mutex-locks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a18feea107e575395b7aeb854a4b90bc","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Futex: Fast Userspace Mutex","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"futex","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_0879fd294f8492fe9130f0cb34d4494b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores And Classic Problems","sectionOrder":17,"title":"Semaphore Implementation","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"semaphore-implementation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_6a3691fb18a17667a8883296b7df6a41","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores And Classic Problems","sectionOrder":17,"title":"The Dining Philosophers Problem","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"dining-philosophers-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_095741f1b4c7f4efa518c717b9806687","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores And Classic Problems","sectionOrder":17,"title":"Other Classic Synchronization Problems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"other-classic-problems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_81039f64343301d7139508dcd36f3c33","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores Classic Problems","sectionOrder":18,"title":"Semaphore Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"semaphore-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_0a9e6ddf86fa8ec2dffdf17d2b9bdbf9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores Classic Problems","sectionOrder":18,"title":"The Producer-Consumer Problem","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"producer-consumer-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_da67f7f18123f7ebbe89efec6e979798","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores Classic Problems","sectionOrder":18,"title":"Readers-Writers Problem","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"readers-writers-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8ef0f7a09ed19f4d09fa071bd04edd39","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors And Condition Variables","sectionOrder":19,"title":"Monitor Concept","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"monitor-concept","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b378ecef8b5fb49e43e4397d2bf40f02","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors And Condition Variables","sectionOrder":19,"title":"Signal Semantics in Condition Variables","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"signal-semantics","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_7092734f4ee8ea0c9984e22c09d261a0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors And Condition Variables","sectionOrder":19,"title":"Broadcast: Waking Multiple Waiting Threads","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"broadcast","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_db6eb17a2e348139dd6e783594e74073","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors Condition Variables","sectionOrder":20,"title":"Condition Variables: Synchronization for Complex Coordination","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"condition-variables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_697b459f7503e5c6c1785005deecb424","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors Condition Variables","sectionOrder":20,"title":"Pthread Condition Variables","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"pthread-condition-variables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b7edafb17356d821c60c3370cf2579e7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors Condition Variables","sectionOrder":20,"title":"Monitor-Based Solutions","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"monitor-based-solutions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a51245be2f1a65549356f824272ebc67","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Understanding Deadlock Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"deadlock-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4334a5a41629eba66ae678384f7a3198","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Necessary Conditions for Deadlock","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"necessary-conditions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_eba514d553d708252753631b90d328cf","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Resource Allocation Graph","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"resource-allocation-graph","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_bb7f0a87d10c83a2d2af64a1f01103fc","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Deadlock Prevention Strategies","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"deadlock-prevention","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_736704f63cb8208d80c74ea8167d560a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Banker's Algorithm: Deadlock Avoidance","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"bankers-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ce49823af1ff69c3e6c04e24df43a55e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Deadlock Detection and Recovery","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"detection-and-recovery","description":null,"estimatedMins":60,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1359692a0cd69411d8512612b6e774c1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Memory Management Goals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-management-goals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_675f925abcc1f6bb1164f9a18fc17887","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Address Binding: From Source to Execution","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"address-binding","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_41f2ed027a756b7a34b1ee22d832f5f0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Understanding Logical vs Physical Addresses","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"logical-vs-physical-addresses","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d3b080d578a2e4bcb2b240767bc2e833","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Linkers and Loaders","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linkers-and-loaders","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_27a52b5c729f9c878badfdbf7dcc7211","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Swapping","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"swapping","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_cb5a855d17df9d9fccf5a1ba85c07b2b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Overlays","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"overlays","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a1f928a457011df2c378cddab161a114","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Contiguous Memory Allocation Fundamentals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"contiguous-allocation-concept","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_81f9769996020bf3795c83493b0eab2f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Fixed Partitioning: Static Memory Division","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fixed-partitioning","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e4474bca96bd36e0763125f758e465d3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Variable Partitioning","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"variable-partitioning","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2abcdef14133b361fc8bc438caf85066","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Memory Allocation Strategies","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-contiguous-allocation-allocation-strategies","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_efac1ff2d107f726e496d816d5ad8230","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Memory Fragmentation: Internal and External","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-memory-fragmentation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_708b1569a3837117c1f3abefc7ec8cd7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Compaction and Buddy System","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"compaction-and-buddy-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_7ec2df224624b43b377d8568aa4e7438","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Paging Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"paging-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e6814eb8e4db13fd97cc5d2004ced057","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Page Tables","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"page-tables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9310e6e155aa02f9d5e95fc58087cbd9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Paging Address Translation Mechanisms","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"paging-address-translation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_5f3c7ed52b32aba9548a8057002274e4","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB)","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"translation-lookaside-buffer","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_5bb9082c057bdb717b525fff885ee456","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Multi-Level Paging","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"multi-level-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_7f589afea1b45ccdc3408081b0f2151d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Hash-based and Inverted Page Tables","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hash-based-and-inverted-page-tables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_48d8b374c98648d28c552478caa5aba1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_49db44f086c862a4244afe70a9ab3d61","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segment Table","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segment-table","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e8ac3489b567b6c68e50ade467c44586","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation Address Translation","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-address-translation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_3319256c906738d99ab40424ce0cd7d1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation vs Paging: A Comprehensive Comparison","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-vs-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_3e144f44f2889dbe917af33c51a204e3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation with Paging","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-with-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_981dce20fa6c9cb3c0f806f660d1fcce","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Intel x86 Memory Model","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"intel-x86-memory-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2d1300fa47e559dae9b232e2a9d52fb9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Virtual Memory Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtual-memory-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_74dfd56fb6d52454938e8bd47118c558","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Demand Paging","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"demand-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_7d01ec09ff472f39b2e81a2bcb935c7d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Page Fault Handling: The Critical Path to Virtual Memory","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"page-fault-handling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b5fcc90890051f0b2b9f9bdc1b30ed87","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Copy-on-Write","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"copy-on-write","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ffee6b7a320b7433e2f39111d0a92637","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Memory-Mapped Files","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-mapped-files","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_7f60e57f035bc73c6047e0883cb42fe5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Shared Memory via Virtual Memory","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"shared-memory-via-virtual-memory","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_bea5b47cc116ab03f9991178b3631bcd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"Page Replacement Need","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"page-replacement-need","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e370c66076609b9b9e6c4656f86a2f88","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"FIFO Page Replacement Algorithm","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fifo-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_59f34d9e468d539410235ab2afa72563","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"The Optimal (OPT/MIN) Page Replacement Algorithm","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"optimal-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_58e611be25d9eaad2e46da56fe86411e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"LRU (Least Recently Used) Page Replacement","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"lru-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_3b141aef6fe98ed68f6e61631da31d6b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"LRU Approximation Algorithms","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"lru-approximations","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1775094b82e4081250b3a008f71b281c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"Working Set Model and Page Fault Frequency","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"working-set-and-pff","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e6326cc42a26f3cf6a90c1e641fe7ebe","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Frame Allocation Problem","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"frame-allocation-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_68b9eb39e23ceafe1477edf4b7e5783a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Thrashing: The Performance Catastrophe","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thrashing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_92ee21095ae279cb17c1bdeb30f3a3ae","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Working Set Model","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"working-set-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_fd43da53d4496fbef64f128868f95db6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Thrashing Solutions: Restoring System Stability","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thrashing-solutions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1db12b50e5b04520e372819500de72b7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation Thrashing","sectionOrder":29,"title":"Global vs Local Replacement","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"global-vs-local-replacement","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_5b294a7d9d9e56ba15690d2b6f891a99","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Linux Memory Management","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-memory-management-in-practice-linux-memory-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_86fc3a1c820a82ec8fde3c3b17aca2f5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Windows Memory Management","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"windows-memory-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_78b534009d4be91a8ec06f7bcd261dbe","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"NUMA Architecture","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"numa-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_cf3a2f7161693cc12b4fd043aefbe346","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Huge Pages: Optimizing Memory Management at Scale","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"huge-pages","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_88717754b9f03dcfea81a91aa8ff4a2a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Memory Compression","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-compression","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8f05fbc44420a857d7f29b499908c247","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Memory Debugging: Detecting and Resolving Memory Errors","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-debugging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9d4f648d804555b00f76ae34c63b7e91","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"File Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_68c36972426fca538a1fdf5ae2cbc60d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"File Access Methods","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-access-methods","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a18e62e8b77fcff0841a1e0002a80439","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"Directory Structure","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"directory-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4c3785c374dc010145535df7a559fd77","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"Directory Operations","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"directory-operations","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_585e7e8efc4278fca3fcac513a128811","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"File Protection: Securing Persistent Data","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-protection","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2a23330117de15b869ddf401e620bf88","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"Hard and Soft Links","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hard-and-soft-links","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ae8196d972184c1fb01e625013fdb61d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"File System Layers","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-system-layers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_654aa70ff1777323fe5ef221936613bb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Contiguous Allocation","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"contiguous-allocation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_fbf33871afbf019e562093e3119c4d3a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Linked Allocation","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linked-allocation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e89504616e41380fb66c9bc7549c526a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Indexed Allocation","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"indexed-allocation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a29fa5e68534fb8b13b3fd10b7fc7f13","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Free Space Management","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"free-space-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ccc909d59a36cc82306083d967779488","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Directory Implementation","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"directory-implementation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e288c30d588f632bca1015d3b7d1d967","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"FAT File System","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fat-file-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_0e5ef8e12d36838f2bc357f4c3cd7244","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"Unix inode Structure","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"unix-inode-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_56e16005c30759a706a200021da04ae6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"Ext2/Ext3/Ext4 File Systems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ext2-ext3-ext4","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_3a6f1e8af132baebcf9bc66d41f8229b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"NTFS: The New Technology File System","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ntfs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9b66121878b62d9b69998cb11ec9ec42","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"File System Comparison","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-system-comparison","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2e746179b8be1e14a01b787b24e5f850","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"Virtual File System (VFS)","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtual-file-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_74f91fafd54bf70e7300885294996f74","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Buffer Cache","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"buffer-cache","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_f97fa5a7bb9ec68b4c5c378519c9947e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Read-Ahead: Anticipatory Data Loading","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"read-ahead","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4ff36a28802b87f8d1b0110f896e90f7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Write Strategies","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"write-strategies","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_de3bf4f804174e8bf94545b9ade710fc","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"File System Journaling","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"journaling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_df49786f6ab3859c097bc8a5986ea705","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Log-Structured File Systems","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"log-structured-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_5b79405957967bc1319d5dc5002a30b7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Defragmentation","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"defragmentation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_0783892a9efc4847e680aefa1eb1dbd9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Copy-on-Write File Systems","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"copy-on-write-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_669094127e382a299679705ee6352f80","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"ZFS: The Zettabyte File System","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"zfs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e94b6844ed3f8d3875703200ba21c67b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Btrfs: The B-tree File System","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"btrfs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ecaafe317263daf4d330ff6223034212","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Network File Systems","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"network-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_348639a90a49d0f3cc73af6949019912","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Distributed File Systems","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-advanced-file-systems-distributed-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_90c8994cdf03311d15aa405ac087cccb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Special File Systems","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"special-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_52cf25b095195030c7b7a9eebbc7dc12","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Understanding I/O Device Types","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-device-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b4ba4edb77f767cdae8aa4c601d9a0c6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"I/O Controllers","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-controllers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e6fca3745885ef9f31d6630257b669e6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Memory-Mapped I/O","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-mapped-io","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_de8da1a4808b50d35a225192f8911286","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Interrupts: Hardware-Level I/O Signaling","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"interrupts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_935f708c695ec34c1ffdef3b375abb42","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Direct Memory Access (DMA)","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"dma","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9e17272b0a078d2317c5b2f754dd8dc8","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"I/O Hardware Performance","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-hardware-performance","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8744fb5632c645a7b4c14d07cb8adba2","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"I/O Software Layers","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-software-layers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2d816fe215216599e611129eb97a2765","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Device Drivers","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"device-drivers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1b4b2075cf9f19f78d4f153fd76f37a9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Blocking and Non-Blocking I/O","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"blocking-non-blocking-io","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d7a542eee0ffd939883207e8cd036788","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"I/O Buffering Strategies","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"buffering","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_50e647b54466c570bd30a2e31e046629","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Caching","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-software-caching","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d9dcdc2a6a17bbd82aa46697c8c541d4","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Spooling: Simultaneous Peripheral Operations Online","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"spooling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ea683bf5bc780d22be5ea3a6b6a2df8f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"Disk Structure","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-disk-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b792d831b502998a10262be656af61fd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"Disk Scheduling Algorithms","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"disk-scheduling-algorithms","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1d27a139166d008bcbb33a28e9e0a7d3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"RAID: Redundant Array of Independent Disks","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"raid","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_50536e42456716a82a654117fa00d666","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"SSD Internals: Understanding Solid-State Storage","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ssd-internals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d82e020b33a77e7dcc16816323dbfb06","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"NVMe: Non-Volatile Memory Express","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"nvme","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_5ff63fd794b2aa434ca1c0b353d62500","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"Storage Virtualization","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"storage-virtualization","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8038fe2525f524bce7b4f4a2ab588680","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Protection Goals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"protection-goals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_57d09e513d060d1b3ad6bbddc88532a7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Protection Domains","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"protection-domains","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4c9a659dab4610c51609c717f5360107","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Access Matrix: The Foundation of Access Control","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"access-matrix","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2d052e562006a3a7735c7a2731f4776e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Access Control Lists","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"access-control-lists","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d95afefaba73cc8166ed7c4fc0621d55","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Capabilities","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"capabilities","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e5aacf65753fcef0f1e2de0ff83eeb8c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Sandboxing","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"sandboxing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_661f04c10476a36ba0b1dc15089d8af6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Security Threats","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"security-threats","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_c0ced91be0f6156afc67e942bb07a1e6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Authentication","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-authentication","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b55aa2d35564316630cec01ae1473791","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Authorization: Controlling Access to System Resources","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"authorization","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_7d982ddbf20076ad51ffe2947767fe14","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Cryptography Basics","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cryptography-basics","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_166a436e93afef09445829f03c244683","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Secure Communication","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"secure-communication","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e85c81bbb33e0b8b7c0ee57efadc6eda","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Auditing and Logging","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"auditing-and-logging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a09ed2e8a0d6ff26dbc713556ceaa501","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Buffer Overflow Attacks","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"buffer-overflow-attacks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_88490dee40ff1c17bc1d7cc7a5fc2737","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Defense Mechanisms","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"defense-mechanisms","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_3c885ca5f084f5a46db11b2f4904505c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"SELinux: Security-Enhanced Linux","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"selinux","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_53f8367ac99085d8b9f1636f6e40e250","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Secure Boot: Establishing Trust from Power-On","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"secure-boot","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2fd02ecee39dc208c34829e2cc433bf1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Hardware Security Vulnerabilities","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hardware-security","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ebd27878fc4e4cb03d9f14ded9fafa8e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Security Best Practices","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"security-best-practices","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_47e2f9add150afb6f6a6573256e2c78d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Virtualization Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtualization-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2968c0434f11eeb6c77f487eba6bb291","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Hypervisor Types: Architecture and Implementation","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hypervisor-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9b32a7d354aba80297085f1317152615","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Hardware Virtualization Support","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hardware-virtualization-support","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ae57234d6ead69d3f5f3d05a27b6571a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Paravirtualization","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"paravirtualization","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_266acd941f8f2406cd8a88df011fc9f5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Containers","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"containers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_f3e720331ca608163176e6e083d6d993","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Linux Namespaces and Control Groups","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"namespaces-and-cgroups","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_c67c51597f380f37ebb931c1ca2a8228","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Distributed System Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-system-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_5020ea10920f2ccac9fac6814bc1fbce","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Communication in Distributed Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-communication","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_95cf1ce4325b68ee048ba986103c9155","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Distributed Clocks and Time Synchronization","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-clocks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_07d7f230ea620df583b7f981cee9a418","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Distributed Coordination","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-coordination","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8016eb77a27f90d20ec661baafebcdaf","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Cloud Computing","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cloud-computing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_fcf64e71390497b8acc672168e76eda0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Real-Time Operating System Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"real-time-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_469662648f26ffac0c451852d788fcd6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Priority Inversion","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"priority-inversion","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_98b407e4e164750e3a68981a098f74ef","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Real-Time OS Features","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"real-time-os-features","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_abd44044a3a187d5af92b7716924a3a0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Real-Time Linux","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"real-time-linux","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9e6d4f577a93d716f3e7fbf19a9c0e64","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"RTOS Examples","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"rtos-examples","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_3f88e5cb45ad5060c9edf802a12f37c5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux Kernel Architecture","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-kernel-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2c41c3e1c0341c349751860904901bdd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux Process Management","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-process-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8c94706184061e777cf1aaedccb0cc01","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux File Systems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a8c39b926ec49c0218ba46234e830728","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux Networking","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-networking","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_0740281df0c7941405c2dd7a5d6961fa","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"eBPF: The Linux Kernel's Programmability Revolution","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ebpf","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_c2ecb2e85e9e2d5627d3d741590fec9f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design And Interview","sectionOrder":46,"title":"Operating System Design Principles","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-design-principles","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_bc3130db7917207d80f7ae4ef50a9318","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design And Interview","sectionOrder":46,"title":"Interview Problem Types","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"interview-problem-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e2513a76988d732572d92d681041d094","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Classic Operating System Problems","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"classic-os-problems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_64eb8d30a7a4ba66acb0bd28e5e96496","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Numerical Problems in Operating Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-numerical-problems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2b5c7aa0affd151ce761f39d33566b14","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Conceptual Questions","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"conceptual-questions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_53d78947ce21d614c8f2e296cfc31dec","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Operating System Project Ideas","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-project-ideas","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"}],"sections":[{"title":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","order":1,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:0","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:1","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:2","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:3","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:4","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:5"]},{"title":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","order":2,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:6","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:7","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:8","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:9","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:10","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:11"]},{"title":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","order":3,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:12","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:13","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:14","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:15","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:16","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:17"]},{"title":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","order":4,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:18","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:19","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:20","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:21","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:22"]},{"title":"Chapter 4: System Calls Api","order":5,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:23"]},{"title":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","order":6,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:24","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:25","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:26","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:27","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:28","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:29"]},{"title":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","order":7,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:30","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:31","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:32","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:33","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:34"]},{"title":"Chapter 6: Process Creation Termination","order":8,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:35"]},{"title":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","order":9,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:36","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:37","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:38","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:39","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:40","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:41"]},{"title":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","order":10,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:42","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:43","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:44","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:45","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:46","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:47"]},{"title":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","order":11,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:48","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:49","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:50","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:51","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:52","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:53"]},{"title":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","order":12,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:54","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:55","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:56","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:57","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:58","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:59"]},{"title":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","order":13,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:60","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:61","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:62","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:63","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:64","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:65"]},{"title":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","order":14,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:66","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:67","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:68","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:69","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:70","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:71"]},{"title":"Chapter 13: Locks And Hardware Support","order":15,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:72"]},{"title":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","order":16,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:73","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:74","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:75","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:76","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:77"]},{"title":"Chapter 14: Semaphores And Classic Problems","order":17,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:78","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:79","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:80"]},{"title":"Chapter 14: Semaphores Classic Problems","order":18,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:81","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:82","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:83"]},{"title":"Chapter 15: Monitors And Condition Variables","order":19,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:84","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:85","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:86"]},{"title":"Chapter 15: Monitors Condition Variables","order":20,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:87","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:88","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:89"]},{"title":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","order":21,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:90","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:91","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:92","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:93","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:94","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:95"]},{"title":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","order":22,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:96","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:97","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:98","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:99","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:100","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:101"]},{"title":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","order":23,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:102","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:103","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:104","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:105","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:106","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:107"]},{"title":"Chapter 19: Paging","order":24,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:108","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:109","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:110","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:111","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:112","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:113"]},{"title":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","order":25,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:114","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:115","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:116","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:117","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:118","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:119"]},{"title":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","order":26,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:120","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:121","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:122","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:123","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:124","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:125"]},{"title":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","order":27,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:126","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:127","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:128","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:129","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:130","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:131"]},{"title":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","order":28,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:132","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:133","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:134","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:135"]},{"title":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation Thrashing","order":29,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:136"]},{"title":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","order":30,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:137","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:138","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:139","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:140","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:141","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:142"]},{"title":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","order":31,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:143","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:144","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:145","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:146","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:147","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:148"]},{"title":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","order":32,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:149","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:150","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:151","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:152","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:153","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:154"]},{"title":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","order":33,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:155","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:156","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:157","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:158","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:159","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:160"]},{"title":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","order":34,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:161","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:162","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:163","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:164","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:165","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:166"]},{"title":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","order":35,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:167","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:168","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:169","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:170","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:171","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:172"]},{"title":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","order":36,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:173","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:174","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:175","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:176","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:177","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:178"]},{"title":"Chapter 31: Io Software","order":37,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:179","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:180","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:181","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:182","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:183","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:184"]},{"title":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","order":38,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:185","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:186","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:187","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:188","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:189","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:190"]},{"title":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","order":39,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:191","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:192","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:193","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:194","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:195","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:196"]},{"title":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","order":40,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:197","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:198","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:199","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:200","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:201","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:202"]},{"title":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","order":41,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:203","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:204","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:205","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:206","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:207","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:208"]},{"title":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","order":42,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:209","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:210","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:211","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:212","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:213","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:214"]},{"title":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","order":43,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:215","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:216","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:217","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:218","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:219"]},{"title":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","order":44,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:220","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:221","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:222","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:223","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:224"]},{"title":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","order":45,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:225","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:226","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:227","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:228","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:229"]},{"title":"Chapter 40: Os Design And Interview","order":46,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:230","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:231"]},{"title":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","order":47,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:232","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:233","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:234","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:235"]}]},"meta":{"values":{"createdAt":["Date"],"updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.0.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.0.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.1.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.1.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.2.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.2.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.3.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.3.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.4.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.4.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.5.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.5.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.6.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.6.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.7.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.7.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.8.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.8.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.9.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.9.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.10.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.10.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.11.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.11.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.12.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.12.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.13.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.13.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.14.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.14.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.15.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.15.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.16.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.16.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.17.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.17.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.18.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.18.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.19.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.19.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.20.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.20.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.21.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.21.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.22.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.22.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.23.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.23.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.24.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.24.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.25.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.25.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.26.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.26.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.27.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.27.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.28.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.28.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.29.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.29.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.30.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.30.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.31.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.31.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.32.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.32.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.33.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.33.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.34.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.34.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.35.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.35.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.36.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.36.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.37.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.37.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.38.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.38.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.39.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.39.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.40.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.40.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.41.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.41.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.42.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.42.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.43.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.43.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.44.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.44.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.45.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.45.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.46.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.46.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.47.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.47.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.48.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.48.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.49.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.49.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.50.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.50.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.51.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.51.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.52.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.52.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.53.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.53.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.54.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.54.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.55.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.55.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.56.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.56.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.57.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.57.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.58.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.58.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.59.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.59.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.60.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.60.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.61.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.61.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.62.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.62.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.63.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.63.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.64.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.64.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.65.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.65.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.66.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.66.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.67.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.67.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.68.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.68.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.69.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.69.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.70.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.70.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.71.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.71.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.72.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.72.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.73.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.73.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.74.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.74.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.75.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.75.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.76.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.76.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.77.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.77.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.78.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.78.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.79.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.79.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.80.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.80.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.81.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.81.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.82.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.82.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.83.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.83.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.84.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.84.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.85.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.85.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.86.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.86.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.87.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.87.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.88.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.88.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.89.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.89.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.90.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.90.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.91.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.91.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.92.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.92.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.93.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.93.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.94.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.94.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.95.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.95.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.96.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.96.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.97.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.97.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.98.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.98.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.99.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.99.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.100.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.100.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.101.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.101.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.102.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.102.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.103.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.103.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.104.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.104.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.105.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.105.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.106.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.106.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.107.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.107.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.108.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.108.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.109.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.109.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.110.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.110.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.111.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.111.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.112.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.112.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.113.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.113.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.114.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.114.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.115.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.115.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.116.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.116.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.117.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.117.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.118.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.118.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.119.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.119.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.120.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.120.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.121.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.121.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.122.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.122.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.123.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.123.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.124.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.124.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.125.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.125.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.126.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.126.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.127.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.127.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.128.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.128.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.129.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.129.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.130.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.130.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.131.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.131.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.132.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.132.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.133.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.133.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.134.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.134.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.135.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.135.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.136.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.136.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.137.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.137.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.138.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.138.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.139.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.139.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.140.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.140.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.141.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.141.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.142.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.142.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.143.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.143.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.144.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.144.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.145.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.145.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.146.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.146.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.147.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.147.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.148.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.148.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.149.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.149.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.150.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.150.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.151.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.151.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.152.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.152.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.153.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.153.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.154.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.154.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.155.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.155.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.156.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.156.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.157.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.157.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.158.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.158.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.159.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.159.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.160.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.160.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.161.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.161.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.162.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.162.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.163.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.163.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.164.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.164.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.165.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.165.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.166.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.166.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.167.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.167.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.168.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.168.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.169.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.169.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.170.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.170.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.171.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.171.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.172.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.172.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.173.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.173.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.174.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.174.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.175.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.175.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.176.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.176.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.177.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.177.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.178.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.178.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.179.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.179.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.180.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.180.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.181.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.181.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.182.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.182.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.183.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.183.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.184.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.184.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.185.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.185.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.186.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.186.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.187.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.187.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.188.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.188.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.189.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.189.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.190.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.190.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.191.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.191.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.192.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.192.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.193.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.193.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.194.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.194.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.195.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.195.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.196.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.196.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.197.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.197.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.198.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.198.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.199.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.199.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.200.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.200.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.201.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.201.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.202.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.202.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.203.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.203.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.204.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.204.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.205.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.205.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.206.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.206.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.207.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.207.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.208.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.208.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.209.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.209.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.210.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.210.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.211.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.211.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.212.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.212.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.213.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.213.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.214.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.214.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.215.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.215.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.216.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.216.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.217.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.217.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.218.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.218.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.219.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.219.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.220.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.220.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.221.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.221.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.222.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.222.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.223.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.223.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.224.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.224.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.225.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.225.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.226.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.226.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.227.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.227.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.228.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.228.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.229.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.229.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.230.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.230.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.231.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.231.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.232.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.232.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.233.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.233.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.234.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.234.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.235.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.235.updatedAt":["Date"],"sections.0.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.0.createdAt","sections.0.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.0.updatedAt","sections.0.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.1.createdAt","sections.0.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.1.updatedAt","sections.0.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.2.createdAt","sections.0.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.2.updatedAt","sections.0.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.3.createdAt","sections.0.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.3.updatedAt","sections.0.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.4.createdAt","sections.0.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.4.updatedAt","sections.0.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.5.createdAt","sections.0.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.5.updatedAt","sections.1.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.6.createdAt","sections.1.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.6.updatedAt","sections.1.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.7.createdAt","sections.1.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.7.updatedAt","sections.1.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.8.createdAt","sections.1.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.8.updatedAt","sections.1.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.9.createdAt","sections.1.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.9.updatedAt","sections.1.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.10.createdAt","sections.1.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.10.updatedAt","sections.1.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.11.createdAt","sections.1.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.11.updatedAt","sections.2.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.12.createdAt","sections.2.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.12.updatedAt","sections.2.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.13.createdAt","sections.2.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.13.updatedAt","sections.2.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.14.createdAt","sections.2.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.14.updatedAt","sections.2.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.15.createdAt","sections.2.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.15.updatedAt","sections.2.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.16.createdAt","sections.2.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.16.updatedAt","sections.2.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.17.createdAt","sections.2.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.17.updatedAt","sections.3.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.18.createdAt","sections.3.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.18.updatedAt","sections.3.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.19.createdAt","sections.3.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.19.updatedAt","sections.3.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.20.createdAt","sections.3.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.20.updatedAt","sections.3.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.21.createdAt","sections.3.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.21.updatedAt","sections.3.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.22.createdAt","sections.3.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.22.updatedAt","sections.4.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.23.createdAt","sections.4.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.23.updatedAt","sections.5.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.24.createdAt","sections.5.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.24.updatedAt","sections.5.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.25.createdAt","sections.5.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.25.updatedAt","sections.5.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.26.createdAt","sections.5.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.26.updatedAt","sections.5.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.27.createdAt","sections.5.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.27.updatedAt","sections.5.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.28.createdAt","sections.5.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.28.updatedAt","sections.5.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.29.createdAt","sections.5.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.29.updatedAt","sections.6.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.30.createdAt","sections.6.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.30.updatedAt","sections.6.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.31.createdAt","sections.6.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.31.updatedAt","sections.6.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.32.createdAt","sections.6.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.32.updatedAt","sections.6.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.33.createdAt","sections.6.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.33.updatedAt","sections.6.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.34.createdAt","sections.6.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.34.updatedAt","sections.7.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.35.createdAt","sections.7.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.35.updatedAt","sections.8.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.36.createdAt","sections.8.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.36.updatedAt","sections.8.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.37.createdAt","sections.8.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.37.updatedAt","sections.8.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.38.createdAt","sections.8.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.38.updatedAt","sections.8.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.39.createdAt","sections.8.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.39.updatedAt","sections.8.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.40.createdAt","sections.8.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.40.updatedAt","sections.8.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.41.createdAt","sections.8.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.41.updatedAt","sections.9.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.42.createdAt","sections.9.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.42.updatedAt","sections.9.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.43.createdAt","sections.9.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.43.updatedAt","sections.9.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.44.createdAt","sections.9.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.44.updatedAt","sections.9.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.45.createdAt","sections.9.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.45.updatedAt","sections.9.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.46.createdAt","sections.9.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.46.updatedAt","sections.9.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.47.createdAt","sections.9.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.47.updatedAt","sections.10.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.48.createdAt","sections.10.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.48.updatedAt","sections.10.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.49.createdAt","sections.10.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.49.updatedAt","sections.10.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.50.createdAt","sections.10.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.50.updatedAt","sections.10.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.51.createdAt","sections.10.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.51.updatedAt","sections.10.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.52.createdAt","sections.10.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.52.updatedAt","sections.10.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.53.createdAt","sections.10.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.53.updatedAt","sections.11.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.54.createdAt","sections.11.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.54.updatedAt","sections.11.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.55.createdAt","sections.11.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.55.updatedAt","sections.11.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.56.createdAt","sections.11.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.56.updatedAt","sections.11.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.57.createdAt","sections.11.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.57.updatedAt","sections.11.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.58.createdAt","sections.11.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.58.updatedAt","sections.11.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.59.createdAt","sections.11.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.59.updatedAt","sections.12.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.60.createdAt","sections.12.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.60.updatedAt","sections.12.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.61.createdAt","sections.12.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.61.updatedAt","sections.12.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.62.createdAt","sections.12.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.62.updatedAt","sections.12.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.63.createdAt","sections.12.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.63.updatedAt","sections.12.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.64.createdAt","sections.12.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.64.updatedAt","sections.12.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.65.createdAt","sections.12.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.65.updatedAt","sections.13.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.66.createdAt","sections.13.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.66.updatedAt","sections.13.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.67.createdAt","sections.13.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.67.updatedAt","sections.13.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.68.createdAt","sections.13.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.68.updatedAt","sections.13.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.69.createdAt","sections.13.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.69.updatedAt","sections.13.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.70.createdAt","sections.13.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.70.updatedAt","sections.13.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.71.createdAt","sections.13.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.71.updatedAt","sections.14.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.72.createdAt","sections.14.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.72.updatedAt","sections.15.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.73.createdAt","sections.15.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.73.updatedAt","sections.15.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.74.createdAt","sections.15.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.74.updatedAt","sections.15.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.75.createdAt","sections.15.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.75.updatedAt","sections.15.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.76.createdAt","sections.15.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.76.updatedAt","sections.15.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.77.createdAt","sections.15.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.77.updatedAt","sections.16.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.78.createdAt","sections.16.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.78.updatedAt","sections.16.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.79.createdAt","sections.16.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.79.updatedAt","sections.16.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.80.createdAt","sections.16.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.80.updatedAt","sections.17.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.81.createdAt","sections.17.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.81.updatedAt","sections.17.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.82.createdAt","sections.17.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.82.updatedAt","sections.17.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.83.createdAt","sections.17.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.83.updatedAt","sections.18.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.84.createdAt","sections.18.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.84.updatedAt","sections.18.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.85.createdAt","sections.18.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.85.updatedAt","sections.18.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.86.createdAt","sections.18.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.86.updatedAt","sections.19.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.87.createdAt","sections.19.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.87.updatedAt","sections.19.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.88.createdAt","sections.19.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.88.updatedAt","sections.19.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.89.createdAt","sections.19.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.89.updatedAt","sections.20.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.90.createdAt","sections.20.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.90.updatedAt","sections.20.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.91.createdAt","sections.20.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.91.updatedAt","sections.20.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.92.createdAt","sections.20.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.92.updatedAt","sections.20.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.93.createdAt","sections.20.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.93.updatedAt","sections.20.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.94.createdAt","sections.20.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.94.updatedAt","sections.20.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.95.createdAt","sections.20.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.95.updatedAt","sections.21.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.96.createdAt","sections.21.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.96.updatedAt","sections.21.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.97.createdAt","sections.21.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.97.updatedAt","sections.21.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.98.createdAt","sections.21.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.98.updatedAt","sections.21.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.99.createdAt","sections.21.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.99.updatedAt","sections.21.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.100.createdAt","sections.21.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.100.updatedAt","sections.21.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.101.createdAt","sections.21.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.101.updatedAt","sections.22.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.102.createdAt","sections.22.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.102.updatedAt","sections.22.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.103.createdAt","sections.22.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.103.updatedAt","sections.22.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.104.createdAt","sections.22.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.104.updatedAt","sections.22.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.105.createdAt","sections.22.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.105.updatedAt","sections.22.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.106.createdAt","sections.22.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.106.updatedAt","sections.22.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.107.createdAt","sections.22.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.107.updatedAt","sections.23.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.108.createdAt","sections.23.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.108.updatedAt","sections.23.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.109.createdAt","sections.23.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.109.updatedAt","sections.23.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.110.createdAt","sections.23.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.110.updatedAt","sections.23.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.111.createdAt","sections.23.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.111.updatedAt","sections.23.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.112.createdAt","sections.23.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.112.updatedAt","sections.23.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.113.createdAt","sections.23.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.113.updatedAt","sections.24.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.114.createdAt","sections.24.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.114.updatedAt","sections.24.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.115.createdAt","sections.24.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.115.updatedAt","sections.24.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.116.createdAt","sections.24.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.116.updatedAt","sections.24.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.117.createdAt","sections.24.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.117.updatedAt","sections.24.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.118.createdAt","sections.24.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.118.updatedAt","sections.24.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.119.createdAt","sections.24.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.119.updatedAt","sections.25.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.120.createdAt","sections.25.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.120.updatedAt","sections.25.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.121.createdAt","sections.25.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.121.updatedAt","sections.25.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.122.createdAt","sections.25.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.122.updatedAt","sections.25.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.123.createdAt","sections.25.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.123.updatedAt","sections.25.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.124.createdAt","sections.25.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.124.updatedAt","sections.25.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.125.createdAt","sections.25.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.125.updatedAt","sections.26.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.126.createdAt","sections.26.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.126.updatedAt","sections.26.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.127.createdAt","sections.26.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.127.updatedAt","sections.26.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.128.createdAt","sections.26.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.128.updatedAt","sections.26.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.129.createdAt","sections.26.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.129.updatedAt","sections.26.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.130.createdAt","sections.26.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.130.updatedAt","sections.26.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.131.createdAt","sections.26.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.131.updatedAt","sections.27.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.132.createdAt","sections.27.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.132.updatedAt","sections.27.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.133.createdAt","sections.27.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.133.updatedAt","sections.27.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.134.createdAt","sections.27.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.134.updatedAt","sections.27.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.135.createdAt","sections.27.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.135.updatedAt","sections.28.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.136.createdAt","sections.28.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.136.updatedAt","sections.29.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.137.createdAt","sections.29.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.137.updatedAt","sections.29.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.138.createdAt","sections.29.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.138.updatedAt","sections.29.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.139.createdAt","sections.29.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.139.updatedAt","sections.29.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.140.createdAt","sections.29.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.140.updatedAt","sections.29.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.141.createdAt","sections.29.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.141.updatedAt","sections.29.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.142.createdAt","sections.29.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.142.updatedAt","sections.30.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.143.createdAt","sections.30.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.143.updatedAt","sections.30.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.144.createdAt","sections.30.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.144.updatedAt","sections.30.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.145.createdAt","sections.30.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.145.updatedAt","sections.30.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.146.createdAt","sections.30.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.146.updatedAt","sections.30.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.147.createdAt","sections.30.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.147.updatedAt","sections.30.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.148.createdAt","sections.30.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.148.updatedAt","sections.31.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.149.createdAt","sections.31.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.149.updatedAt","sections.31.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.150.createdAt","sections.31.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.150.updatedAt","sections.31.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.151.createdAt","sections.31.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.151.updatedAt","sections.31.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.152.createdAt","sections.31.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.152.updatedAt","sections.31.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.153.createdAt","sections.31.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.153.updatedAt","sections.31.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.154.createdAt","sections.31.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.154.updatedAt","sections.32.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.155.createdAt","sections.32.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.155.updatedAt","sections.32.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.156.createdAt","sections.32.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.156.updatedAt","sections.32.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.157.createdAt","sections.32.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.157.updatedAt","sections.32.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.158.createdAt","sections.32.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.158.updatedAt","sections.32.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.159.createdAt","sections.32.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.159.updatedAt","sections.32.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.160.createdAt","sections.32.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.160.updatedAt","sections.33.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.161.createdAt","sections.33.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.161.updatedAt","sections.33.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.162.createdAt","sections.33.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.162.updatedAt","sections.33.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.163.createdAt","sections.33.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.163.updatedAt","sections.33.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.164.createdAt","sections.33.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.164.updatedAt","sections.33.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.165.createdAt","sections.33.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.165.updatedAt","sections.33.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.166.createdAt","sections.33.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.166.updatedAt","sections.34.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.167.createdAt","sections.34.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.167.updatedAt","sections.34.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.168.createdAt","sections.34.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.168.updatedAt","sections.34.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.169.createdAt","sections.34.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.169.updatedAt","sections.34.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.170.createdAt","sections.34.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.170.updatedAt","sections.34.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.171.createdAt","sections.34.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.171.updatedAt","sections.34.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.172.createdAt","sections.34.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.172.updatedAt","sections.35.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.173.createdAt","sections.35.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.173.updatedAt","sections.35.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.174.createdAt","sections.35.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.174.updatedAt","sections.35.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.175.createdAt","sections.35.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.175.updatedAt","sections.35.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.176.createdAt","sections.35.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.176.updatedAt","sections.35.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.177.createdAt","sections.35.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.177.updatedAt","sections.35.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.178.createdAt","sections.35.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.178.updatedAt","sections.36.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.179.createdAt","sections.36.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.179.updatedAt","sections.36.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.180.createdAt","sections.36.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.180.updatedAt","sections.36.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.181.createdAt","sections.36.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.181.updatedAt","sections.36.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.182.createdAt","sections.36.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.182.updatedAt","sections.36.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.183.createdAt","sections.36.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.183.updatedAt","sections.36.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.184.createdAt","sections.36.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.184.updatedAt","sections.37.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.185.createdAt","sections.37.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.185.updatedAt","sections.37.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.186.createdAt","sections.37.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.186.updatedAt","sections.37.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.187.createdAt","sections.37.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.187.updatedAt","sections.37.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.188.createdAt","sections.37.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.188.updatedAt","sections.37.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.189.createdAt","sections.37.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.189.updatedAt","sections.37.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.190.createdAt","sections.37.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.190.updatedAt","sections.38.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.191.createdAt","sections.38.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.191.updatedAt","sections.38.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.192.createdAt","sections.38.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.192.updatedAt","sections.38.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.193.createdAt","sections.38.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.193.updatedAt","sections.38.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.194.createdAt","sections.38.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.194.updatedAt","sections.38.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.195.createdAt","sections.38.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.195.updatedAt","sections.38.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.196.createdAt","sections.38.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.196.updatedAt","sections.39.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.197.createdAt","sections.39.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.197.updatedAt","sections.39.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.198.createdAt","sections.39.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.198.updatedAt","sections.39.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.199.createdAt","sections.39.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.199.updatedAt","sections.39.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.200.createdAt","sections.39.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.200.updatedAt","sections.39.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.201.createdAt","sections.39.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.201.updatedAt","sections.39.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.202.createdAt","sections.39.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.202.updatedAt","sections.40.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.203.createdAt","sections.40.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.203.updatedAt","sections.40.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.204.createdAt","sections.40.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.204.updatedAt","sections.40.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.205.createdAt","sections.40.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.205.updatedAt","sections.40.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.206.createdAt","sections.40.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.206.updatedAt","sections.40.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.207.createdAt","sections.40.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.207.updatedAt","sections.40.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.208.createdAt","sections.40.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.208.updatedAt","sections.41.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.209.createdAt","sections.41.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.209.updatedAt","sections.41.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.210.createdAt","sections.41.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.210.updatedAt","sections.41.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.211.createdAt","sections.41.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.211.updatedAt","sections.41.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.212.createdAt","sections.41.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.212.updatedAt","sections.41.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.213.createdAt","sections.41.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.213.updatedAt","sections.41.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.214.createdAt","sections.41.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.214.updatedAt","sections.42.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.215.createdAt","sections.42.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.215.updatedAt","sections.42.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.216.createdAt","sections.42.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.216.updatedAt","sections.42.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.217.createdAt","sections.42.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.217.updatedAt","sections.42.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.218.createdAt","sections.42.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.218.updatedAt","sections.42.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.219.createdAt","sections.42.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.219.updatedAt","sections.43.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.220.createdAt","sections.43.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.220.updatedAt","sections.43.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.221.createdAt","sections.43.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.221.updatedAt","sections.43.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.222.createdAt","sections.43.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.222.updatedAt","sections.43.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.223.createdAt","sections.43.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.223.updatedAt","sections.43.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.224.createdAt","sections.43.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.224.updatedAt","sections.44.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.225.createdAt","sections.44.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.225.updatedAt","sections.44.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.226.createdAt","sections.44.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.226.updatedAt","sections.44.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.227.createdAt","sections.44.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.227.updatedAt","sections.44.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.228.createdAt","sections.44.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.228.updatedAt","sections.44.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.229.createdAt","sections.44.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.229.updatedAt","sections.45.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.230.createdAt","sections.45.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.230.updatedAt","sections.45.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.231.createdAt","sections.45.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.231.updatedAt","sections.46.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.232.createdAt","sections.46.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.232.updatedAt","sections.46.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.233.createdAt","sections.46.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.233.updatedAt","sections.46.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.234.createdAt","sections.46.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.234.updatedAt","sections.46.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.235.createdAt","sections.46.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.235.updatedAt"},"referentialEqualities":{"modules.0":["sections.0.modules.0"],"modules.1":["sections.0.modules.1"],"modules.2":["sections.0.modules.2"],"modules.3":["sections.0.modules.3"],"modules.4":["sections.0.modules.4"],"modules.5":["sections.0.modules.5"],"modules.6":["sections.1.modules.0"],"modules.7":["sections.1.modules.1"],"modules.8":["sections.1.modules.2"],"modules.9":["sections.1.modules.3"],"modules.10":["sections.1.modules.4"],"modules.11":["sections.1.modules.5"],"modules.12":["sections.2.modules.0"],"modules.13":["sections.2.modules.1"],"modules.14":["sections.2.modules.2"],"modules.15":["sections.2.modules.3"],"modules.16":["sections.2.modules.4"],"modules.17":["sections.2.modules.5"],"modules.18":["sections.3.modules.0"],"modules.19":["sections.3.modules.1"],"modules.20":["sections.3.modules.2"],"modules.21":["sections.3.modules.3"],"modules.22":["sections.3.modules.4"],"modules.23":["sections.4.modules.0"],"modules.24":["sections.5.modules.0"],"modules.25":["sections.5.modules.1"],"modules.26":["sections.5.modules.2"],"modules.27":["sections.5.modules.3"],"modules.28":["sections.5.modules.4"],"modules.29":["sections.5.modules.5"],"modules.30":["sections.6.modules.0"],"modules.31":["sections.6.modules.1"],"modules.32":["sections.6.modules.2"],"modules.33":["sections.6.modules.3"],"modules.34":["sections.6.modules.4"],"modules.35":["sections.7.modules.0"],"modules.36":["sections.8.modules.0"],"modules.37":["sections.8.modules.1"],"modules.38":["sections.8.modules.2"],"modules.39":["sections.8.modules.3"],"modules.40":["sections.8.modules.4"],"modules.41":["sections.8.modules.5"],"modules.42":["sections.9.modules.0"],"modules.43":["sections.9.modules.1"],"modules.44":["sections.9.modules.2"],"modules.45":["sections.9.modules.3"],"modules.46":["sections.9.modules.4"],"modules.47":["sections.9.modules.5"],"modules.48":["sections.10.modules.0"],"modules.49":["sections.10.modules.1"],"modules.50":["sections.10.modules.2"],"modules.51":["sections.10.modules.3"],"modules.52":["sections.10.modules.4"],"modules.53":["sections.10.modules.5"],"modules.54":["sections.11.modules.0"],"modules.55":["sections.11.modules.1"],"modules.56":["sections.11.modules.2"],"modules.57":["sections.11.modules.3"],"modules.58":["sections.11.modules.4"],"modules.59":["sections.11.modules.5"],"modules.60":["sections.12.modules.0"],"modules.61":["sections.12.modules.1"],"modules.62":["sections.12.modules.2"],"modules.63":["sections.12.modules.3"],"modules.64":["sections.12.modules.4"],"modules.65":["sections.12.modules.5"],"modules.66":["sections.13.modules.0"],"modules.67":["sections.13.modules.1"],"modules.68":["sections.13.modules.2"],"modules.69":["sections.13.modules.3"],"modules.70":["sections.13.modules.4"],"modules.71":["sections.13.modules.5"],"modules.72":["sections.14.modules.0"],"modules.73":["sections.15.modules.0"],"modules.74":["sections.15.modules.1"],"modules.75":["sections.15.modules.2"],"modules.76":["sections.15.modules.3"],"modules.77":["sections.15.modules.4"],"modules.78":["sections.16.modules.0"],"modules.79":["sections.16.modules.1"],"modules.80":["sections.16.modules.2"],"modules.81":["sections.17.modules.0"],"modules.82":["sections.17.modules.1"],"modules.83":["sections.17.modules.2"],"modules.84":["sections.18.modules.0"],"modules.85":["sections.18.modules.1"],"modules.86":["sections.18.modules.2"],"modules.87":["sections.19.modules.0"],"modules.88":["sections.19.modules.1"],"modules.89":["sections.19.modules.2"],"modules.90":["sections.20.modules.0"],"modules.91":["sections.20.modules.1"],"modules.92":["sections.20.modules.2"],"modules.93":["sections.20.modules.3"],"modules.94":["sections.20.modules.4"],"modules.95":["sections.20.modules.5"],"modules.96":["sections.21.modules.0"],"modules.97":["sections.21.modules.1"],"modules.98":["sections.21.modules.2"],"modules.99":["sections.21.modules.3"],"modules.100":["sections.21.modules.4"],"modules.101":["sections.21.modules.5"],"modules.102":["sections.22.modules.0"],"modules.103":["sections.22.modules.1"],"modules.104":["sections.22.modules.2"],"modules.105":["sections.22.modules.3"],"modules.106":["sections.22.modules.4"],"modules.107":["sections.22.modules.5"],"modules.108":["sections.23.modules.0"],"modules.109":["sections.23.modules.1"],"modules.110":["sections.23.modules.2"],"modules.111":["sections.23.modules.3"],"modules.112":["sections.23.modules.4"],"modules.113":["sections.23.modules.5"],"modules.114":["sections.24.modules.0"],"modules.115":["sections.24.modules.1"],"modules.116":["sections.24.modules.2"],"modules.117":["sections.24.modules.3"],"modules.118":["sections.24.modules.4"],"modules.119":["sections.24.modules.5"],"modules.120":["sections.25.modules.0"],"modules.121":["sections.25.modules.1"],"modules.122":["sections.25.modules.2"],"modules.123":["sections.25.modules.3"],"modules.124":["sections.25.modules.4"],"modules.125":["sections.25.modules.5"],"modules.126":["sections.26.modules.0"],"modules.127":["sections.26.modules.1"],"modules.128":["sections.26.modules.2"],"modules.129":["sections.26.modules.3"],"modules.130":["sections.26.modules.4"],"modules.131":["sections.26.modules.5"],"modules.132":["sections.27.modules.0"],"modules.133":["sections.27.modules.1"],"modules.134":["sections.27.modules.2"],"modules.135":["sections.27.modules.3"],"modules.136":["sections.28.modules.0"],"modules.137":["sections.29.modules.0"],"modules.138":["sections.29.modules.1"],"modules.139":["sections.29.modules.2"],"modules.140":["sections.29.modules.3"],"modules.141":["sections.29.modules.4"],"modules.142":["sections.29.modules.5"],"modules.143":["sections.30.modules.0"],"modules.144":["sections.30.modules.1"],"modules.145":["sections.30.modules.2"],"modules.146":["sections.30.modules.3"],"modules.147":["sections.30.modules.4"],"modules.148":["sections.30.modules.5"],"modules.149":["sections.31.modules.0"],"modules.150":["sections.31.modules.1"],"modules.151":["sections.31.modules.2"],"modules.152":["sections.31.modules.3"],"modules.153":["sections.31.modules.4"],"modules.154":["sections.31.modules.5"],"modules.155":["sections.32.modules.0"],"modules.156":["sections.32.modules.1"],"modules.157":["sections.32.modules.2"],"modules.158":["sections.32.modules.3"],"modules.159":["sections.32.modules.4"],"modules.160":["sections.32.modules.5"],"modules.161":["sections.33.modules.0"],"modules.162":["sections.33.modules.1"],"modules.163":["sections.33.modules.2"],"modules.164":["sections.33.modules.3"],"modules.165":["sections.33.modules.4"],"modules.166":["sections.33.modules.5"],"modules.167":["sections.34.modules.0"],"modules.168":["sections.34.modules.1"],"modules.169":["sections.34.modules.2"],"modules.170":["sections.34.modules.3"],"modules.171":["sections.34.modules.4"],"modules.172":["sections.34.modules.5"],"modules.173":["sections.35.modules.0"],"modules.174":["sections.35.modules.1"],"modules.175":["sections.35.modules.2"],"modules.176":["sections.35.modules.3"],"modules.177":["sections.35.modules.4"],"modules.178":["sections.35.modules.5"],"modules.179":["sections.36.modules.0"],"modules.180":["sections.36.modules.1"],"modules.181":["sections.36.modules.2"],"modules.182":["sections.36.modules.3"],"modules.183":["sections.36.modules.4"],"modules.184":["sections.36.modules.5"],"modules.185":["sections.37.modules.0"],"modules.186":["sections.37.modules.1"],"modules.187":["sections.37.modules.2"],"modules.188":["sections.37.modules.3"],"modules.189":["sections.37.modules.4"],"modules.190":["sections.37.modules.5"],"modules.191":["sections.38.modules.0"],"modules.192":["sections.38.modules.1"],"modules.193":["sections.38.modules.2"],"modules.194":["sections.38.modules.3"],"modules.195":["sections.38.modules.4"],"modules.196":["sections.38.modules.5"],"modules.197":["sections.39.modules.0"],"modules.198":["sections.39.modules.1"],"modules.199":["sections.39.modules.2"],"modules.200":["sections.39.modules.3"],"modules.201":["sections.39.modules.4"],"modules.202":["sections.39.modules.5"],"modules.203":["sections.40.modules.0"],"modules.204":["sections.40.modules.1"],"modules.205":["sections.40.modules.2"],"modules.206":["sections.40.modules.3"],"modules.207":["sections.40.modules.4"],"modules.208":["sections.40.modules.5"],"modules.209":["sections.41.modules.0"],"modules.210":["sections.41.modules.1"],"modules.211":["sections.41.modules.2"],"modules.212":["sections.41.modules.3"],"modules.213":["sections.41.modules.4"],"modules.214":["sections.41.modules.5"],"modules.215":["sections.42.modules.0"],"modules.216":["sections.42.modules.1"],"modules.217":["sections.42.modules.2"],"modules.218":["sections.42.modules.3"],"modules.219":["sections.42.modules.4"],"modules.220":["sections.43.modules.0"],"modules.221":["sections.43.modules.1"],"modules.222":["sections.43.modules.2"],"modules.223":["sections.43.modules.3"],"modules.224":["sections.43.modules.4"],"modules.225":["sections.44.modules.0"],"modules.226":["sections.44.modules.1"],"modules.227":["sections.44.modules.2"],"modules.228":["sections.44.modules.3"],"modules.229":["sections.44.modules.4"],"modules.230":["sections.45.modules.0"],"modules.231":["sections.45.modules.1"],"modules.232":["sections.46.modules.0"],"modules.233":["sections.46.modules.1"],"modules.234":["sections.46.modules.2"],"modules.235":["sections.46.modules.3"]},"v":1}},"dataUpdateCount":1,"dataUpdatedAt":1792309663251,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"success","fetchStatus":"idle"},"queryKey":[["learningPaths","getBySlug"],{"input":{"slug":"operating-systems"},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"learningPaths\",\"getBySlug\"],{\"input\":{\"slug\":\"operating-systems\"},\"type\":\"query\"}]"},{"dehydratedAt":1792309663709,"state":{"data":{"json":{"path":{"archivedAt":null,"id":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","slug":"operating-systems","title":"Operating Systems","description":"Master Operating Systems from fundamentals to advanced concepts. This comprehensive path covers processes, threads, memory management, file systems, I/O, virtualization, and distributed systems with 47 chapters and 1201+ pages.","image":null,"color":"#EF4444","keyTopics":["Process Management","Thread Synchronization","Memory Management","Virtual Memory","File Systems","I/O Systems","Virtualization","Distributed Systems"],"estimatedHours":196.8,"problemCount":0,"visualizerCount":0,"quizCount":0,"learningCount":236,"difficulty":"INTERMEDIATE","idealFor":["Computer Science students","Systems programmers","Backend engineers","Anyone preparing for systems interviews"],"prerequisites":["Basic programming (C preferred)","Understanding of computer architecture","Basic data structures knowledge"],"skillsGained":["Process and thread management","Synchronization primitives","Memory management techniques","File system design","System call implementation","Performance optimization"],"outcomes":["Understand OS internals deeply","Debug systems-level issues","Design concurrent programs","Optimize system performance","Prepare for systems interviews","Build OS components"],"overview":"This comprehensive learning path takes you from OS fundamentals to advanced systems concepts, preparing you for systems programming and interviews.\n\n**What you'll learn:**\n• OS History and Evolution\n• Process management and scheduling\n• Thread synchronization and concurrency\n• Memory management and virtual memory\n• File systems and storage\n• I/O systems and device drivers\n• Virtualization and containers\n• Distributed systems concepts\n• Security and protection\n• Modern OS topics\n\nEach topic includes detailed explanations with practical examples.","createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.111Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:34.121Z","modules":[{"id":"seed_0989bba9c801e30c2f8d8fbcccc160fb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"What Is an Operating System?","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"what-is-an-operating-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_278c9ae478c38253aee9fe527920752b","title":"Definition and Purpose of Operating Systems","order":0},{"id":"seed_eb3f63d66d764183186be76cc3bdbcca","title":"Operating System as Resource Manager","order":1},{"id":"seed_e471bc0b86753fda800b1adffa14b88b","title":"Operating System as Extended Machine","order":2},{"id":"seed_2f157f9b0deca4fb93599ead66226ddf","title":"User View vs System View","order":3},{"id":"seed_6f1a89bb5e63636b5d6f6990cc5d9132","title":"Design Goals of Operating Systems","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b0818c91ff08af47baa34eb62858f66c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"History of Operating Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"history-of-operating-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_4859dff402f74362e5338edf09fbe19f","title":"Batch Systems: The Birth of Operating Systems","order":0},{"id":"seed_df72002367b99e2edf9752ab575caf8c","title":"Multiprogrammed Systems: Maximizing CPU Utilization","order":1},{"id":"seed_0ec46334114f9e7f1d4c842c8896882e","title":"Time-Sharing Systems: The Interactive Computing Revolution","order":2},{"id":"seed_1643ee5595ef51a52aeae19593925098","title":"Personal Computers: Computing for Everyone","order":3},{"id":"seed_7dbf3006a153b4e80e22b2e3b49c932a","title":"Modern OS Evolution: From Mobile to Cloud","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2ccef563a867bb7804728aac2ec8898b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Types of Operating Systems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"types-of-operating-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b9bb4c6bf237405b13267d1eaaf3f4df","title":"Batch Operating Systems","order":0},{"id":"seed_474fe55857065c339cd412dedd55bc42","title":"Multi-tasking and Time-sharing Systems","order":1},{"id":"seed_1a14e01a02772f1b12bb95d9b8da786c","title":"Real-time Operating Systems","order":2},{"id":"seed_83cad6017b678dd8638a32f3b69ccd67","title":"Distributed Operating Systems","order":3},{"id":"seed_fcdf838017b1cfd28344713f42963128","title":"Embedded Operating Systems","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_837ca9e393dfaed490f4c2ab1d0c7b9b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Operating System Services","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"operating-system-services","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6711dbd333b981427a62d41c69934180","title":"User Interface Services","order":0},{"id":"seed_d9c7d90c7c01a78c5236d96e70db2fbf","title":"Program Execution Services","order":1},{"id":"seed_a0a37b97d6c7afa01c881a948c0696c3","title":"I/O Operations","order":2},{"id":"seed_3635d93aa28618d8fa2819564d6d0fbd","title":"File System Manipulation","order":3},{"id":"seed_eb27afe77339debd5fe3e715b0f49825","title":"Communication Services","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e450fe77a88991a07a3d5c98dbc9e1c9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Operating System Structure","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"operating-system-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b5435a977320424ab045528a5e2a638d","title":"Understanding OS Architecture — From Monolithic Origins to Modern Structures","order":0},{"id":"seed_4625ba57853b536f6996ed335035398e","title":"Layered Operating System Architecture — Abstraction Through Hierarchy","order":1},{"id":"seed_4fa6dfcd5f7df7fbcd8bae14230ef9a1","title":"Microkernel Architecture — Minimalism and Isolation","order":2},{"id":"seed_221c79cf107067afb9e364493f830e5e","title":"Loadable Kernel Modules — Dynamic Extension of Monolithic Kernels","order":3},{"id":"seed_ce037bc8a7993efefa2968c41d222f6f","title":"Hybrid Operating Systems — Pragmatic Architecture for the Real World","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_bfc441947857a25112da5292201b9944","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Design Goals and Tradeoffs in Operating Systems","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"design-goals-and-tradeoffs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ea6f255bbaebbb668c7dd002ff372145","title":"Efficiency vs Convenience","order":0},{"id":"seed_47197a0466f0a3576972d91bcafe8061","title":"Flexibility vs Simplicity","order":1},{"id":"seed_5ceb970d0d11c931df25f6b9b0c8d123","title":"Security vs Usability","order":2},{"id":"seed_7059205b380dbf20e72223bd6138b01d","title":"Portability Considerations","order":3},{"id":"seed_c3edc689710e3d4e7da5e36445979420","title":"Policy vs Mechanism","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_86da1ea83ce7927e2a15080b95fef560","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"von Neumann Architecture","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"von-neumann-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e19d8e053ce09c3776fbfe9f2acf1016","title":"The Stored Program Concept - The Revolutionary Foundation","order":0},{"id":"seed_60e613ae321ef909e1e265e7cc81fd3a","title":"CPU, Memory, and I/O - The Trinity of Computing","order":1},{"id":"seed_79d79ef2118991fd83737fdc80ee0fdc","title":"Bus Architecture - The Communication Backbone","order":2},{"id":"seed_ce52e3e566c7fc03486062e8b451e321","title":"The Instruction Cycle - Fetch, Decode, Execute","order":3},{"id":"seed_b090e606d08ab10f1f280fa8fed71bc2","title":"The von Neumann Bottleneck - Limitations and Modern Solutions","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_468b82c6119325a617edc0f311cbe3f3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"CPU Execution Modes","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cpu-execution-modes","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_29aa0426c1b2143323a9d64c87141b33","title":"User Mode","order":0},{"id":"seed_8d17444b36e30e6f33d999dacaa080c5","title":"Kernel Mode (Supervisor Mode)","order":1},{"id":"seed_ffdc56cc63787505562d18a97229bf60","title":"Mode Bit","order":2},{"id":"seed_e8d0d74f8fb744f3b154a156ee70c915","title":"Privileged Instructions","order":3},{"id":"seed_52813e97aed5897e33db98830d26d7ba","title":"Mode Switching","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_45eef80b7025070c0c4404de5a533b71","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"Memory Hierarchy: From Registers to Disk","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-hierarchy","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2e152b0b62d5176d400b6a5154b49df5","title":"Registers — The Fastest Tier of the Memory Hierarchy","order":0},{"id":"seed_6f7e10e6695a575bef6818cc9f90872a","title":"Cache Memory (L1, L2, L3) — The Critical Performance Tier","order":1},{"id":"seed_6cd1f1b5d3dcb8ca2036a3faf434956a","title":"Main Memory (RAM) — The Primary System Memory","order":2},{"id":"seed_43a3a4ad63de87335d075857888c6b47","title":"Secondary Storage — Persistent Memory and Mass Storage","order":3},{"id":"seed_52a5d6f70fad43e1fb3e66f2fe530cb1","title":"Access Times and Tradeoffs — The Economics of Memory Hierarchy","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_980787327dac546179c8d7ab893f8e4d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"Interrupts and Exceptions","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"interrupts-and-exceptions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7ead2a8e9b3aa8166f2d4c58b7a9ff82","title":"Hardware Interrupts","order":0},{"id":"seed_6f435656bf65067b90137ec51b86ac0a","title":"Software Interrupts (Traps)","order":1},{"id":"seed_516b73f31cb2fbd845caf2a50d1af565","title":"Interrupt Handling","order":2},{"id":"seed_0941d29130f63b80a0ab7fa279d56229","title":"Interrupt Vector Table","order":3},{"id":"seed_0801d78d5b3b846e9c9d4b953062876d","title":"Interrupt Priority","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_f6e1083fa8c58d5bd8c75a27d235251e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"I/O Architecture: How the CPU Communicates with the World","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_c6d5a14c94ed8039e81b9441e9e3dc44","title":"I/O Ports: The Gateway to Peripheral Communication","order":0},{"id":"seed_e6a0bf4396f0e549ffceb6e721b8fb74","title":"Memory-Mapped I/O: Unifying Device Access with Memory Semantics","order":1},{"id":"seed_ed01ee8d73e52f14ea7f3685d00b567f","title":"Programmed I/O: The CPU as Data Mover","order":2},{"id":"seed_ceab336d1baa55ae5bb76a075a32309e","title":"Interrupt-Driven I/O: Asynchronous Device Communication","order":3},{"id":"seed_a0dcdae45ed172b4f390e42dd89a8485","title":"DMA: Direct Memory Access for Maximum Throughput","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d0557b0f349b5f70f81e2748910e3005","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"Cache Coherence and Memory Consistency","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cache-coherence","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6506911bda9ab17a220d25bea9e3f59d","title":"Cache Hierarchy","order":0},{"id":"seed_7140d174d083d7fed8afc774baa83fc9","title":"Cache Lines","order":1},{"id":"seed_2100afb79c8c3356bb0ac14237480ec3","title":"Write-Through vs Write-Back","order":2},{"id":"seed_6a1ffdaa1721da5cb8f318ddbb941e3a","title":"Cache Coherence Problem","order":3},{"id":"seed_c426a78629c5ea5b4efb979d521deadc","title":"Coherence Protocols (MESI)","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a81fd6898d35ccf59a1cbaaca8e8a659","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Monolithic Kernels: The Traditional OS Architecture","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"monolithic-kernels","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_eeaaab0ff4c0d744b95f29d01a77a17d","title":"All Services in Kernel Space","order":0},{"id":"seed_1d96d1dfd23b462e826d09e460a312f8","title":"Linux Kernel Example","order":1},{"id":"seed_9795a8791c2b853f7c7ac06034e0ec9c","title":"Advantages: Performance","order":2},{"id":"seed_13603578cddbfe98a945b7076a9ee013","title":"Disadvantages: Complexity","order":3},{"id":"seed_954527360bcd76e92b0a3bc19bbd8956","title":"Modular Monolithic","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2e766749fc8e4bec70ebefe52f4f3e43","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Microkernel Architecture","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"microkernel-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e07c060b5e7513d65aa26547dbedb344","title":"Minimal Kernel","order":0},{"id":"seed_035e3ae081674c57d1e73940b2adeb36","title":"User-Space Servers","order":1},{"id":"seed_d8812ed31fbb1ea21af2db7dc1fe33e2","title":"Message Passing","order":2},{"id":"seed_bf9b5fe4683ebe12ff56703d53d686bd","title":"Mach, MINIX, QNX","order":3},{"id":"seed_17a6f72d63d45adba951586972013d6f","title":"Advantages and Limitations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e072f947c9ab98b98e7e0762b2084ce6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Hybrid Kernels","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hybrid-kernels","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_56fd145cc2c51431424d91facb15d6df","title":"Windows NT Architecture","order":0},{"id":"seed_09f47dac9b22fabff39214d553b98fad","title":"macOS (XNU)","order":1},{"id":"seed_bd8ba56f67c3d4419ff67f51a3ed79eb","title":"Combining Approaches","order":2},{"id":"seed_394c5774ac7af58d724cb7812a6d1c6d","title":"Performance Considerations","order":3},{"id":"seed_16300ff7851d71727b38723a03a4b0d3","title":"Real-world Examples","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ecc734779008ee009eb0a4ffbc502498","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Loadable Kernel Modules","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"loadable-kernel-modules","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_916d89aee47ded271f219de4f74c0615","title":"Dynamic Loading","order":0},{"id":"seed_8ca91b64b0e5068b79f4f7561ad0847c","title":"Linux Modules (.ko)","order":1},{"id":"seed_3a9cac656ac43ff858a01830738a1b90","title":"Advantages","order":2},{"id":"seed_e82b129395c6ac3fb4fac699f0de72d3","title":"Module Management","order":3},{"id":"seed_d4a00303bcb0ea9454dbc6a8ae631c83","title":"Security Implications","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9d115c9f3ae3b4f29f09606f3eff588f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Boot Process","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"boot-process","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7020420fedf7d4852725adfa242b7ed7","title":"BIOS/UEFI","order":0},{"id":"seed_80fa610f264a212a453cce30b948027c","title":"Bootloader (GRUB)","order":1},{"id":"seed_6e9ad88fff0754efbe7a41d016c2332d","title":"Kernel Loading","order":2},{"id":"seed_ec7065aac1a2576ea551af42d59948c3","title":"Init Process","order":3},{"id":"seed_c90f6ef28db0f2f220b619153c299c54","title":"System Initialization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_82148746a8bc2509227f2483fa9e58cd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Virtual Machines","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtual-machines","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f011a2c2a17305a9cb5fede7c24073ec","title":"Type 1 Hypervisors: The Bare-Metal Foundation","order":0},{"id":"seed_89db3eb4163481ec548f43452fa5c6a7","title":"Type 2 Hypervisors: Virtualization on the Desktop","order":1},{"id":"seed_2692366b1bb000792768c8cd2a81b588","title":"Benefits for OS Development: The VM Revolution","order":2},{"id":"seed_b4965bc3a05d66749cb7c09befc9ead3","title":"Hardware Virtualization Support: Silicon Enabling Software","order":3},{"id":"seed_7bfd3bd6d1ebdf4952ab88e88c5908ad","title":"OS-Level Virtualization: Containers and Beyond","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b7f231e822013edf953a1f54b39cdd64","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"System Call Mechanism","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"system-call-mechanism","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e3f502242d89469640497f76e6c0e09c","title":"User to Kernel Transition","order":0},{"id":"seed_d2045f2679a5112a92fb2718ee90bca8","title":"Trap Instruction","order":1},{"id":"seed_232a392d9cc9343d63805f827e1929c2","title":"System Call Number","order":2},{"id":"seed_e549cc980c5ea1cd925663d2790f69bc","title":"Parameter Passing","order":3},{"id":"seed_3a6367432d240219106e46cdfab95b76","title":"Return to User Mode","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1f5af05d88b718fb8bad812f1c507b13","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"System Call Types","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"system-call-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b5926c9e8bd269e66cb9bbc19d7741ef","title":"Process Control System Calls","order":0},{"id":"seed_cc268204e6cb3f6a4672545f6079d717","title":"File Management System Calls","order":1},{"id":"seed_1bc1423f2aded3ebe6ec03ec709745cd","title":"Device Management System Calls","order":2},{"id":"seed_035b28512bde84fddc710d3c2c30df07","title":"Information Maintenance System Calls","order":3},{"id":"seed_f3f7191ca648ebd93bb83476895e7917","title":"Communication System Calls","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_0ff105e065cd1375b969a854613682f1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"POSIX Interface: The Portable Operating System Standard","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"posix-interface","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_fe467e09bf4c75bbaa90272c1b27bcb0","title":"The POSIX Standard","order":0},{"id":"seed_9d21fb056883fe5cabf3d76936583d3f","title":"Common POSIX Calls","order":1},{"id":"seed_9702cea32495bfea2a907b6b40c20826","title":"Portability Benefits","order":2},{"id":"seed_432cbe4dc69d4c3cbdb445813faf9e70","title":"POSIX Compliance","order":3},{"id":"seed_a44cb348daa6888ef153002fe668d8c8","title":"Real-World Usage","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_80f17dc5d70a0bae02aa38ac830d5dae","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"Windows API","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"windows-api","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_9a15aa27153496f5a007607123a9a889","title":"Win32/Win64 API","order":0},{"id":"seed_6d01d071ec7a2bdab1cd2cce91bb530a","title":"Windows System Calls","order":1},{"id":"seed_3a4e180aeaa6e6fa29e83ce1b57cd9d8","title":"Handle-Based Access","order":2},{"id":"seed_1b92a391b697dcfaca1c4f77b13abf55","title":"Registry Operations","order":3},{"id":"seed_7ed27e5df8d1ec7a1e9a1c2ebea4cd6e","title":"Comparison with POSIX","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4b4dbf12032d712927f668a6e1fc3d0b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"Library Functions vs System Calls","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"library-functions-vs-system-calls","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_9637b57aadbe7d187eb290c0bdb714be","title":"C Library (libc)","order":0},{"id":"seed_fbc30861934470c56115cd9fa653cb78","title":"Buffering in Libraries","order":1},{"id":"seed_2902533a8c698a48b2fd8a4cee8f7ade","title":"Performance Considerations","order":2},{"id":"seed_38659c8fdedadf841e2f029fbeecc522","title":"When to Use Each","order":3},{"id":"seed_1ededd2103e2642f4a5ced15274c25d5","title":"strace and Debugging","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9021890711dd458837c4f54fbd4973c5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls Api","sectionOrder":5,"title":"System Call Implementation","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"system-call-implementation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6b92703e70bea1f1d1bd0cf69d7a8a87","title":"User-Space Wrapper","order":0},{"id":"seed_685771b2baf59cff7bcd2109d332d43e","title":"Context Switch","order":1},{"id":"seed_d2ff3f0c2cc11f99bf297272fd459a0d","title":"Kernel Handler","order":2},{"id":"seed_0f8b69d03c5b7be90115a2747fb4003a","title":"Parameter Validation","order":3},{"id":"seed_4b6ebf41c1502dfab7f61b20c1b7bcb6","title":"Error Handling","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_077f486143700610ae3fc15ec7dca0d2","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process Definition","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-definition","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f661166fd2d767ffc100f34869deb57f","title":"Program vs Process","order":0},{"id":"seed_a6e62fa71cb0e543aaabf8049899ba02","title":"Process as Execution Unit","order":1},{"id":"seed_ef5b7b04224b3cef336f6329270d00f1","title":"Multiple Instances","order":2},{"id":"seed_57676a32efdad679157537d0339c1f0d","title":"Process Characteristics","order":3},{"id":"seed_e701f4cc920f3ead636dddd01a75c27b","title":"Process Lifecycle","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d60354496ce5346a5f33ab1e9b4b67ba","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process Control Block (PCB)","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-control-block","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6f261344b4ce60d41b373cb75f7dc7a4","title":"PCB Contents: The Process Identity Card","order":0},{"id":"seed_27bf9c16d3e176fdbb09b33d3bcb83bb","title":"Process State: The Lifecycle Status Indicator","order":1},{"id":"seed_3ecc25dfd8d81d37c4cef45c56aabe8e","title":"Program Counter: The Execution Bookmark","order":2},{"id":"seed_a8083736b2f7eaeee5f070c408edc3bc","title":"CPU Registers: The Complete Execution State","order":3},{"id":"seed_9ac365b14e8455c50b06674ff82ac19f","title":"Memory Management Info: Tracking the Virtual Address Space","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_932edb67e048a2aa3949ccad1c000032","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process States","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-states","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_bd8f7da2708bf20984cc2fc447a707e8","title":"New State: Process Creation and Admission","order":0},{"id":"seed_aa2c18534775b952ab3c87bf7d1d49be","title":"Ready State: Waiting for CPU Allocation","order":1},{"id":"seed_7137ffcf9098093754461f63dea213fb","title":"Running State: Active CPU Execution","order":2},{"id":"seed_d37b602d2d42538b8d50854ec7f780b1","title":"Waiting (Blocked) State: Suspended Until Event","order":3},{"id":"seed_1c323f96cdb15963cb4668f8cefffdae","title":"Terminated State: Process Lifecycle Completion","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8b6f755f9699c9ea81bb12f165930890","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process State Transitions","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"state-transitions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7ee6e7e499364b786853d782789de32b","title":"Admit: New → Ready","order":0},{"id":"seed_b5d5d96f82adfe9d38b084fa432f6734","title":"Dispatch: Ready → Running","order":1},{"id":"seed_45f4acd74e6e0b8a3d9974a1ee2c61cb","title":"Timeout: Running → Ready","order":2},{"id":"seed_bdaf84ddc141ac62a5380684d6bd4189","title":"Block: Running → Waiting","order":3},{"id":"seed_f1a0392f0fb10945ba1d20377ac705a8","title":"Wake: Waiting → Ready","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4edfc277c91ec64c1fe2524c3a10dff7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process Queues: Managing System Resources","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-queues","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_363dea7e9c19f3b3862279154c64f0cb","title":"Job Queue: The Complete System Perspective","order":0},{"id":"seed_c49427655efb61b50fe7be11666b6f8a","title":"Ready Queue: The Gateway to CPU Execution","order":1},{"id":"seed_de59ec740180e7fca8b123f1e8d5c9f0","title":"Device Queues: Managing I/O-Bound Processes","order":2},{"id":"seed_36726d60af8b4ebd242eee2a7583f477","title":"Queue Implementation: Data Structures for Process Management","order":3},{"id":"seed_b99917f3649a579be6a93fe6ad914632","title":"Queue Management: Policies, Balancing, and Optimization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_c548e97a99451cf65520d1c3ca157603","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Context Switching: The Heart of Multitasking","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"context-switching","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b5125625ad5a7c9d0936e7ce19a81acb","title":"What Triggers Context Switch","order":0},{"id":"seed_34fd1ed2a87e9cdc3a82e8c2d50ee163","title":"Saving Context: Preserving Execution State","order":1},{"id":"seed_105c9d3a7fd505169f5560f365fd73fb","title":"Restoring Context: Resuming Execution","order":2},{"id":"seed_90de57d08acd663aadc619b102eef418","title":"Context Switch Overhead: The Hidden Performance Cost","order":3},{"id":"seed_80c4e2833a9a0dde113221d73b90065e","title":"Minimizing Context Switches: Strategies for Performance","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d3b0ef17f2731b131288d4e78876410b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"Process Creation","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-creation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_05af6c8a412f9ad9bd679ee50f840dca","title":"Parent-Child Relationship","order":0},{"id":"seed_2a4067d803c9ef3d97a97cc1a5324343","title":"Process Tree","order":1},{"id":"seed_aa1554856b374fe3023a20928a495acc","title":"Resource Sharing Options","order":2},{"id":"seed_7b0db8e9cdd57a8ba2796a71f7d07979","title":"Execution Options","order":3},{"id":"seed_1b81cf45a800851d21f4b2a04c0661c8","title":"Address Space Options","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_188e252485047268d55ce1e8d6010d59","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"The fork() System Call","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fork-system-call","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_106e78f6772907031048bbb916c6cc21","title":"fork() Semantics","order":0},{"id":"seed_0fb95669d6fb8c5a26517075f24a10c7","title":"Return Values","order":1},{"id":"seed_bedabd7b781fd78d6eacee2fcf84ab92","title":"Copy-on-Write","order":2},{"id":"seed_49166e44df252cb3e1c2c11ea35079c9","title":"Parent vs Child Execution","order":3},{"id":"seed_710d3f0bf4dc69cf28534e444b0052a7","title":"Fork Bombs and Prevention","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_67342be312dd695308c4d12f84ebfbc3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"The exec() Family of System Calls","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"exec-family","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_935784fb98b3325b0a90a6f920e57071","title":"exec() Variants","order":0},{"id":"seed_397e88bb5aced4a40c04c05b0507e428","title":"Replacing the Process Image","order":1},{"id":"seed_428838788b6ceb3984e9d3a58900b861","title":"Argument Passing","order":2},{"id":"seed_5d8ab3e699ed5ad4f130366e39391b94","title":"Environment Variables","order":3},{"id":"seed_78c0d9b5cfed54c85bc83190ce4b2880","title":"The Fork-Exec Pattern","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_57250ecb2cb222d18431a0df69ea7d38","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"Process Termination","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-termination","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b16171af2c587e3ff60693ebc9293f71","title":"Normal Termination (exit)","order":0},{"id":"seed_8eb1f11798c1fb65827e6bdfd3097574","title":"Abnormal Termination","order":1},{"id":"seed_528b0288426dbbee035a83cf48f03f91","title":"Return Status","order":2},{"id":"seed_8524441c7242194002d565463e30970c","title":"Resource Cleanup","order":3},{"id":"seed_2cfe768cd822fb15de0fc98a2d290d3e","title":"Cascading Termination","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_07a7906e50bf512fc33e1f702cd10a6d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"Orphans and Zombies: Handling Parent-Child Process Anomalies","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"orphans-and-zombies","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_417ebf555c05e71ee26c52772f402ef5","title":"Orphan Processes: When Parents Vanish","order":0},{"id":"seed_98210842eedb129f848f3019611f5dc9","title":"Adoption by init: The Universal Foster Parent","order":1},{"id":"seed_1925830da210229241fb8eeb85d1b1dc","title":"Zombie Processes: The Undead of Unix","order":2},{"id":"seed_eb9ceb67c375ba229193669f102db191","title":"Zombie Accumulation: When the Dead Overwhelm the Living","order":3},{"id":"seed_7cb9cba4b68687afd3f0cb2fdf3a347a","title":"Prevention Strategies: Building Robust Process Management","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4d33225e45483b73ca9b58a507cf087b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation Termination","sectionOrder":8,"title":"wait() and waitpid() System Calls","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"wait-and-waitpid","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_590ebee6828e9df20bf522e9a2fd0026","title":"Waiting for Children","order":0},{"id":"seed_749566aa098933514cf7f10d31212232","title":"Collecting Exit Status","order":1},{"id":"seed_af29589cb5bc60e41fbc6ca0fa39c8b4","title":"Blocking vs Non-blocking","order":2},{"id":"seed_7fe8b0aa2c4b6bedf01e90476e631967","title":"Handling Multiple Children","order":3},{"id":"seed_8dd0c79ee21e80f703ad30cc51fee30b","title":"Status Macros","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_20a9c35106e25d5006789fb949a26a78","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"IPC Overview","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ipc-overview","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f3754521c03369fdd2b0e30e504526d8","title":"Why IPC is Needed","order":0},{"id":"seed_a2e1d86999d5422ad93ed8987ccf947c","title":"Shared Memory Model","order":1},{"id":"seed_b545b8ec8dbb15f0d56db942677b6d54","title":"Message Passing Model","order":2},{"id":"seed_379f9bc11538e06ff47ac761d96e3ff6","title":"Comparison: Shared Memory vs Message Passing","order":3},{"id":"seed_3b50b6a9bff23b97d7f61b15b0be75e4","title":"Choosing the Right IPC Mechanism","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_6938a68a7cc9e78c966d4b5a5e3dfda8","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Pipes – Fundamental IPC Mechanism","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"pipes","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a581a988f66e3f2ef9dfb459a8f99ff6","title":"Anonymous Pipes","order":0},{"id":"seed_57bc37d43f9fa72a607c74e900062909","title":"The pipe() System Call","order":1},{"id":"seed_425b3c6809a21810f5e292a0589345c6","title":"Unidirectional Communication","order":2},{"id":"seed_797373c9b913c25e04e16bd3c186f527","title":"Parent-Child Communication","order":3},{"id":"seed_ec5044706b8b65d6e0665260043863a9","title":"Pipe Limitations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2c83fc712179dd03bf000225ec6e304b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Named Pipes (FIFOs): Persistent Inter-Process Communication","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"named-pipes-fifos","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_194adc33f833af9b752faff15e6f9cf2","title":"FIFO Creation: Building Named Pipes from the Ground Up","order":0},{"id":"seed_128a5eb26a3d90ce23ac8d1b9472b4ca","title":"Unrelated Process Communication: The Power of Named Pipes","order":1},{"id":"seed_008fe8a4dba4a5135079dfea8ecabb18","title":"Blocking Behavior: Mastering FIFO Synchronization Semantics","order":2},{"id":"seed_7ba2c95616f465223e23800a29203d8f","title":"FIFO Limitations: Understanding the Boundaries","order":3},{"id":"seed_6da86cde6e82e4cc17d7bdf3b8ae0bd6","title":"Use Cases: FIFOs in Real-World Systems","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b8be570290835678ecc04f0652594858","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Message Queues","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-message-queues","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7923dc51b4e4e1e8f6c1be97989b6b79","title":"System V Message Queues","order":0},{"id":"seed_bc0c2210b51587ba99beb37fd4902880","title":"POSIX Message Queues","order":1},{"id":"seed_0e6d7e631c076dc6e9f1ccaaab99b25a","title":"Message Types","order":2},{"id":"seed_cde9ce23c65e857e8e1e4f85fe1133ae","title":"Priority Ordering","order":3},{"id":"seed_0e5318286e45e09ca356fc057a65c04b","title":"Advantages of Message Queues","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b37f87427b64dbe1b3606c3b7d5253a9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Shared Memory: The Fastest IPC Mechanism","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"shared-memory","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a4f9b83ca7cf8f4ca36c59f18f8717ba","title":"Creating Shared Memory","order":0},{"id":"seed_6cd0d82667257a67a4c7262632f1dbcb","title":"Attaching and Detaching Shared Memory","order":1},{"id":"seed_32a7ac1cdd2636669dbf3fb01b5242f0","title":"Synchronization Requirements","order":2},{"id":"seed_392b25adb8b835ef3004a6f7c226da91","title":"Performance Benefits","order":3},{"id":"seed_732f1812188a6b4585f1a500aab6cd15","title":"POSIX Shared Memory","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8a100b935bf7f5cba81a227fd2bb1cf4","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Signals: Software Interrupts for Process Communication","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"signals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ae3e59be4d863eb4061ac7f488c3dccc","title":"Signal Concepts: Understanding Software Interrupts","order":0},{"id":"seed_af19186d4ae7974138e3d7dacce0ddac","title":"Common Signals: The UNIX Signal Vocabulary","order":1},{"id":"seed_e78f8894db83fac0aa4cc5fa8e57f20d","title":"Signal Handlers: Installing and Implementing Correctly","order":2},{"id":"seed_04820d03c131490b35774360dd345eea","title":"Sending Signals: Inter-Process Signal Transmission","order":3},{"id":"seed_206490b3de4d2ac4bcc3a03baaa69e39","title":"Signal Reliability: Edge Cases and Robustness","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_42c2a0ddd8fc2bf250e986feb527df3b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Scheduling Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"scheduling-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_9bcee6f099cb80334b0a14816cb3e401","title":"CPU Burst and I/O Burst","order":0},{"id":"seed_072d0ce3da6ae15e164b5526620d305e","title":"CPU-bound vs I/O-bound","order":1},{"id":"seed_f687887fc0c51b3b15feabe57ef9d8ae","title":"Preemptive vs Non-preemptive","order":2},{"id":"seed_9ef6f93eb0623d8b358a890405be5fd3","title":"Scheduling Criteria","order":3},{"id":"seed_f4a46c572912bd0e38dbf1aecb53ca5a","title":"Dispatcher","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_87bec7889b7fec9ebcc318cdbd6a0559","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"First-Come, First-Served (FCFS)","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"first-come-first-served","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_42df6610fd5b682e073a941f877f68d7","title":"FCFS Algorithm","order":0},{"id":"seed_f2b8195464f72ee16384b46cf5da44c4","title":"FIFO Queue","order":1},{"id":"seed_630433e828d99ac6a7a1e2f249b64cb4","title":"Convoy Effect","order":2},{"id":"seed_29820586d93df0829587968e9deecc04","title":"Advantages and Limitations","order":3},{"id":"seed_e4c6dc736137a42df5e8e4e452384bad","title":"Gantt Chart Analysis","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_87b81c518aed7bd3cdb4482412c43e90","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Shortest Job First (SJF) & SRTF","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"sjf-and-srtf","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_9c1d79c23a916288346090ded0ac25e6","title":"SJF Algorithm","order":0},{"id":"seed_8af84d46462e3575484dd39d8b353fcd","title":"Optimal for Average Wait Time","order":1},{"id":"seed_d2d005dbbe497ebdcee442a4e9100ea8","title":"Prediction Challenges","order":2},{"id":"seed_88f6d6501f920c73a5200eaf32c11b37","title":"SRTF (Preemptive SJF)","order":3},{"id":"seed_85982fd92e5a87d8d0ca75995a58f12c","title":"Starvation Problem","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_aa42e026909c36d09b71b4e929d0f830","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"LRTF & HRRN Scheduling Algorithms","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"lrtf-and-hrrn","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_968978d18fa0014292eb80ff859c9a1b","title":"Longest Remaining Time First (LRTF)","order":0},{"id":"seed_49625642b40089a99dfcd220735756d7","title":"Highest Response Ratio Next (HRRN)","order":1},{"id":"seed_e9a284c15f20a1db94a9faf17acbd422","title":"Response Ratio Formula: Mathematical Foundations","order":2},{"id":"seed_9e213d97de7390ae1bae2405ccc3f938","title":"Aging Mechanism: Preventing Starvation","order":3},{"id":"seed_dc5c951843f6e954e6d980cd9822645c","title":"Comprehensive Algorithm Comparison","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2cf39c51ad3b333119373b476d1a7a2d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Priority Scheduling","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"priority-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_5aac9d15127bd193c24e6e86d046ca99","title":"Priority Assignment","order":0},{"id":"seed_b4e6676da9ecd674aab0ec10dbc61850","title":"Preemptive vs Non-Preemptive Priority Scheduling","order":1},{"id":"seed_7cf9c2e19b6bf65dec67338c4e0e1876","title":"The Starvation Problem","order":2},{"id":"seed_879d6cba0cf0f7d6a4cfbbbfee49363a","title":"The Aging Solution","order":3},{"id":"seed_30fedf1a791f121b9bc24db117305eec","title":"Multiple Priority Levels","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a654fb84db3346da0c6d9bc83d4d5d58","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Round Robin & Multi-Level Queue Scheduling","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"round-robin-and-multi-level-queue","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d454696bee2f33891cac67b1ffc0bc0c","title":"Round Robin Algorithm","order":0},{"id":"seed_2d20b2d5a2157b9babded9b835f4b5b6","title":"Time Quantum Selection","order":1},{"id":"seed_859dd27e5e0628345ea6bb85fdd7980c","title":"Multi-Level Queue Scheduling","order":2},{"id":"seed_600a91dbf58d5f094ec4dcdca1d15f96","title":"Multi-Level Feedback Queue (MLFQ)","order":3},{"id":"seed_c8b08229ce44afe621501ac83de8501e","title":"Queue Movement Policies","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_84d9ae211ca63350c5015c92962347ce","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Thread Fundamentals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-fundamentals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_399ce97a5f8e1a25817472639cc18f85","title":"Thread Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_8ff1b83f7a0294a1c3d6f573fc44e3c4","title":"Thread vs Process","order":1},{"id":"seed_834c593cf67c9faf6df99a506141505f","title":"Shared Resources","order":2},{"id":"seed_f58e546d4986506bc8c19ccbf2571294","title":"Thread-Specific Resources","order":3},{"id":"seed_315c91a70224453dac463d1fdee707d9","title":"Benefits of Threading","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e8de0944542297d2927e25437ca5ff5c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"User-Level Threads","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"user-level-threads","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1ba9d36e4037fe7a4a9c80bb085b3c5b","title":"Thread Library in User Space","order":0},{"id":"seed_3926ef4d89250fbe9fda34f347822a4c","title":"Fast Context Switching","order":1},{"id":"seed_a196b67cdc937e19f88bd6db5bfa25a0","title":"No Kernel Awareness","order":2},{"id":"seed_c9a8873c258f06bce2ac6a7986e5d5de","title":"The Blocking Problem","order":3},{"id":"seed_35bc7cbdf64e9e56fcdac415c9662409","title":"Green Threads","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d65203d8191335be6756f1fc3662f58a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Kernel-Level Threads","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"kernel-level-threads","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_548b1a9d118e3e0424f3020253bc7fb6","title":"Kernel Thread Support","order":0},{"id":"seed_5d53ab95969d387fb9aae29f1c27547d","title":"System Call Per Thread","order":1},{"id":"seed_c9917f8b42feef9afc9be6b06965a025","title":"True Parallelism","order":2},{"id":"seed_c28861e7221c1e2a3943045d2f79f37a","title":"Overhead Considerations","order":3},{"id":"seed_aafdbe0e57df24a7c8236b5ab14d67bf","title":"Modern OS Support","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1147b92814dd4a879d191ad966fa2628","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Threading Models: Mapping User and Kernel Threads","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"threading-models","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_18d4f46b43a0cdc6f3a507bca8fddfb9","title":"Many-to-One Model","order":0},{"id":"seed_ad56a27c75a468dd2e4289dba918a2a1","title":"One-to-One Model","order":1},{"id":"seed_cfd2883dd23f422723a9c3a2c9d2bd3f","title":"Many-to-Many Model","order":2},{"id":"seed_a051369798002de599b2896cc35f7a16","title":"Two-Level Model","order":3},{"id":"seed_db5881b97ae56080e16361dd1f38763a","title":"Model Comparison","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_45942b7628dcb2c31cbc02a7ebf6953d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Thread Libraries","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-libraries","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_c50f51123bf9de885b2549998cee0da1","title":"Pthreads (POSIX Threads)","order":0},{"id":"seed_b29d96d502f9fe200a5e76fbc942709f","title":"Windows Threads","order":1},{"id":"seed_1ac2e5e6e178404a0bf67f93c9a23bce","title":"Java Threads","order":2},{"id":"seed_ae0c57fffa2be5e61f5a098b0ffe5425","title":"Thread Creation","order":3},{"id":"seed_c1c183a0944f0c8d26c8a172fcce5a06","title":"Thread Joining","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a75092c3cf00c5ca285943bbca9958f3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Thread Issues","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-issues","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a6f7c4ffd98366ceb0bda3e8be04325f","title":"Thread Cancellation","order":0},{"id":"seed_db431e8277e44654b22ba0749d5d4793","title":"Signal Handling in Threads","order":1},{"id":"seed_e039bd5ab06d15e017cdcfab4a72c7cb","title":"Thread-Local Storage","order":2},{"id":"seed_ab395df003a8047759d9b6aeaa9eecb6","title":"Thread Safety","order":3},{"id":"seed_83f2a2d46145cfb9927217cf3d8a6a0f","title":"Reentrancy","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_7712ba1c01e9ee5fabc424b5c4723c99","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Concurrency Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"concurrency-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a3ba0eada198e12cf7af15f1490b5d07","title":"Concurrency vs Parallelism","order":0},{"id":"seed_6feea0ce4e08635948ffda5201cda15a","title":"Sequential Consistency","order":1},{"id":"seed_f5a174050a5fc2d15c26a0248f321e0b","title":"Data Races","order":2},{"id":"seed_744d88251689bf21f9aa0f490e2b3e9c","title":"Critical Regions","order":3},{"id":"seed_621772faee12e9f995395b56ca39797c","title":"Atomicity","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_fd5bc15b164eadabd248b2006512dbaf","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Fork-Join Model","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fork-join-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6fe42aeffa9ac01bba83832954bd5edc","title":"Fork Operation","order":0},{"id":"seed_a3a254ef4d815b1af638ac90123c5efa","title":"Join Operation","order":1},{"id":"seed_d8bd60ab19be8295e573368152d9ebbd","title":"Task Decomposition","order":2},{"id":"seed_91868ffc5975bc2488369b07afd49216","title":"Java Fork/Join Framework","order":3},{"id":"seed_e9121c52a61376f6ad2187359545392a","title":"Parallel Divide-and-Conquer","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2a7bf29b720b17371ef92b924755cc80","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"The parbegin-parend Model: Structured Concurrent Execution","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"parbegin-parend-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_baea6dcda92df8d550414c4b68866260","title":"Parallel Block Notation","order":0},{"id":"seed_16705c4853b179552d6fe455d7935de1","title":"Structured Parallelism","order":1},{"id":"seed_2a1bcb1b32289a3b5b8527051518bd11","title":"Cobegin-Coend","order":2},{"id":"seed_4a5f035b8560e651b32480f2f33b6f88","title":"Synchronization Points","order":3},{"id":"seed_6420b32a11e6e6182bb62e1d698912ff","title":"Academic Notation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1cee940d03b7febd2b73411f06a914fb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Thread Pools","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-pools","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1fc1c84f67d975106c40b9ddec21291a","title":"Pool Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_20043c1708f678366939102715962c60","title":"Worker Threads","order":1},{"id":"seed_65e2694550740b1823f6ca2ce27b1d12","title":"Task Queue","order":2},{"id":"seed_350066d857c3636a758b81c4c6f1090a","title":"Pool Sizing","order":3},{"id":"seed_4014206b36ba1556e9e4608abe801729","title":"Benefits","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_bfd74c13ce11b9491b087cf01dd8a168","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Asynchronous Programming","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"asynchronous-programming","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_9ee1a4d66acedb3d2bf3eb687533a80e","title":"Asynchronous Operations","order":0},{"id":"seed_31d069b8f415026cefef60116102469b","title":"Callbacks","order":1},{"id":"seed_cf0b0ab0064c2776415b45e4d39bf66c","title":"Futures and Promises","order":2},{"id":"seed_28e7b6716fd1a8c01003bc05a3a8c1d2","title":"Event Loops","order":3},{"id":"seed_0af6a5d6e2ba5a8494c31178eaa78409","title":"Async/Await Patterns","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_513e0e1ded7d6283caae3de9b896a46b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Common Concurrency Patterns","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"common-concurrency-patterns","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_97f57d516f043c84bc4c8f456eb0575d","title":"Producer-Consumer Pattern","order":0},{"id":"seed_d5f5c156fcbf489314a9aaa597ef273d","title":"Reader-Writer Pattern","order":1},{"id":"seed_0f20b13c5e20be2665aac7b12e3dc1f5","title":"Pipeline Pattern","order":2},{"id":"seed_2cc8d9e6b14648998d5cbef798c4c84d","title":"Map-Reduce Pattern","order":3},{"id":"seed_45a4ca84cf970ea5a575b92d94624055","title":"Actor Model","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ec50e85045d715685069205035d72720","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Multi-Processor Scheduling","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"multi-processor-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_bd33f187a22d405b031995e39b8d62e6","title":"Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMP)","order":0},{"id":"seed_9e8c94bbbd80e74ffbf407ef530f4cdb","title":"Asymmetric Multiprocessing (AMP)","order":1},{"id":"seed_7fabc5144982237b244c3237e87a4e6d","title":"Processor Affinity","order":2},{"id":"seed_057fe332d5e49667102844e4859b6d5b","title":"Load Balancing","order":3},{"id":"seed_abe10384fb6f8cc107c563b490b6ffb4","title":"NUMA Considerations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_3f2fc1678dd6a01fde9a807692bba569","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Load Balancing in Multiprocessor Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-load-balancing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_5f81d9b47621626e9229e63f36d3f3ac","title":"Push Migration: Proactive Load Distribution","order":0},{"id":"seed_4511c9fc0afb0eb3a9a91ef4f9bbb46b","title":"Pull Migration: Demand-Driven Load Distribution","order":1},{"id":"seed_c56ec33efb315f1af16cfb001df73c99","title":"Work Stealing: Algorithmic Load Balancing","order":2},{"id":"seed_18bc9121a8a8bf51fc3c5574cccac339","title":"Balancing Frequency: The When of Load Distribution","order":3},{"id":"seed_2fd8efaeb25d379193ad95d215d4df82","title":"Metrics: Measuring Load and Balance Quality","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a550b0a396ce7fabcfdd5d852d88708c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Processor Affinity","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"processor-affinity","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e2e917838074a009a4d04798ef870aa4","title":"Soft Affinity","order":0},{"id":"seed_c18cfb21aa33766000f9eb50061f1cc4","title":"Hard Affinity","order":1},{"id":"seed_35ce5882bc8a374f483595e0f498de0d","title":"Cache Effects","order":2},{"id":"seed_100ea28857314bfc8587cc6497dc91da","title":"Setting Affinity","order":3},{"id":"seed_7bd43b8f4197ef51c5a2767ea488d507","title":"Performance Implications","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_dc62ac0fcc6707daf18963371012f01e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Real-Time Scheduling","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-cpu-scheduling-advanced-real-time-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_82cc248293d113d2fc20203ad0a8c53a","title":"Hard vs Soft Real-Time","order":0},{"id":"seed_de7adeec4427138ced09320a9c522a37","title":"Deadline Scheduling","order":1},{"id":"seed_ec364106fa557f4b9b7730295cc2a4df","title":"Rate-Monotonic Scheduling","order":2},{"id":"seed_98b355692c92338be0b6fd3fbd337fb2","title":"Earliest Deadline First (EDF)","order":3},{"id":"seed_058608331be8f8f662a18dd0d12cd1de","title":"Feasibility Analysis","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9a7a209c38cbdf505869ca78f3755493","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Linux Scheduling","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_cb83c1e0909036f90563ff5f6043235c","title":"Completely Fair Scheduler (CFS)","order":0},{"id":"seed_8da161cac7461ae41434acdf72fce940","title":"Virtual Runtime","order":1},{"id":"seed_a12cd02496581a8181c4e819e0779edd","title":"Red-Black Tree","order":2},{"id":"seed_e32efab2a9a59314b2ed00d4faa976c6","title":"Real-Time Policies","order":3},{"id":"seed_57122fa061a8acfff766cbca3c7fbb4b","title":"Nice Values","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ede70642db3e09cef4cf709ccff54f65","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Windows Scheduling","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"windows-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6ea5985cf45b98a974d5f3c616e4e90b","title":"Priority Classes","order":0},{"id":"seed_bb83219fc66c15f0a489fc7e10ddc24e","title":"Priority Levels","order":1},{"id":"seed_c82bbbb2aa517d827569ad1fa7adee44","title":"Priority Boosting","order":2},{"id":"seed_63fb9ba75b56d8649fc6a9e183741ccd","title":"Quantum Management","order":3},{"id":"seed_74a785a6a7b526b6b86342d6746874de","title":"Comparison with Linux","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_538a852460c650c526ab0c98cc6a39ab","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Race Conditions","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"race-conditions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2bb5c21c1acf50b394c2e23043f539db","title":"Race Condition Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_381aafcd9fee9ef6a35be3723822c5a8","title":"Non-deterministic Behavior","order":1},{"id":"seed_d33b1525d9937b8b5c4169eb2cc3cf7a","title":"Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU)","order":2},{"id":"seed_b71e7b2a6a8bfd5ddf98bcd95368b2be","title":"Race Condition Examples","order":3},{"id":"seed_897320e9c7070e954721a2a154fc9b8d","title":"Race Condition Detection","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b0391dad5390b2a5509d154284068c68","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"The Critical Section Problem","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"critical-section-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_30ed5bd860c8c89b38159352a3604d9e","title":"Critical Section Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_2de650f6205375452de48330f58b9735","title":"Entry Section","order":1},{"id":"seed_04c09c983a59657f660a65d4d7fe150c","title":"Exit Section","order":2},{"id":"seed_58fa5c7c04e5854e72ed979b0e38d01c","title":"Remainder Section","order":3},{"id":"seed_2bde40369c57a750f38737d8ef1d1f41","title":"Problem Requirements","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a2845ec49a964316d45468e706ca0ae0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Requirements for Solutions to the Critical Section Problem","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"requirements-for-solutions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d2222b8002539d2d1d6ab24ae56743fd","title":"Mutual Exclusion: The Cornerstone of Synchronization","order":0},{"id":"seed_379cc74fb3adfa19d34f75c2203787e0","title":"Progress: Preventing Unnecessary Blocking","order":1},{"id":"seed_d458daef0eae393cd4ff9cee2afcc68e","title":"Bounded Waiting: The Fairness Guarantee","order":2},{"id":"seed_a0393e82b0f8350b540ca64fc756d72c","title":"Solution Evaluation: A Systematic Framework","order":3},{"id":"seed_4c147181a91c037790cbb6bd3f104b55","title":"Correctness Proofs: Rigorous Verification","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_292c003373582ceb8518dc40d3d98e5a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Peterson's Solution","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"petersons-solution","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f6729bdce0bc63bf793796822ef83b11","title":"Two-Process Solution","order":0},{"id":"seed_62c81b3c459daa81b2e4cf6ab1f7d9ab","title":"Turn Variable","order":1},{"id":"seed_f38df1d1695b312c8215dc3fb33efc09","title":"Flag Array","order":2},{"id":"seed_f300d62f84b0af7eb172f1ccf7102234","title":"Correctness Proof","order":3},{"id":"seed_e26fb523847a3ece34a21003e95bf7a6","title":"Limitations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_734ef1c685c8634b040ec1d685812236","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Dekker's Algorithm","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"dekkers-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a8da72dd87cb23e365fb1dbbeab65003","title":"Historical First Solution","order":0},{"id":"seed_c0628287fd31d989a13bb06daa52f89a","title":"Turn-Based Approach","order":1},{"id":"seed_7cad54f95394057dd900ad6ba212aa0f","title":"Flag Mechanism","order":2},{"id":"seed_6d4b5b6067101f3fa3adaafbdb2eb628","title":"Comparison with Peterson","order":3},{"id":"seed_1e27af4546985475a2465b933a014648","title":"Limitations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_298e344dcd38b3be39e486afc23ba4ed","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Disabling Interrupts for Mutual Exclusion","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"disabling-interrupts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ab9b16becd539fae6863dc664d086ce8","title":"Interrupt Disable Approach","order":0},{"id":"seed_16362cadab404b9d9fa71a0d6e08f1c6","title":"Single Processor Only","order":1},{"id":"seed_f823b4d82bea0092d66fc3bd64513e4e","title":"Privileged Operation","order":2},{"id":"seed_f68e516b8519bd541d5d975d4568e7d2","title":"Limitations","order":3},{"id":"seed_79b630be1d81f552442183a62f521305","title":"When Appropriate","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1eddf95478ac90ee67e75d9a0dc7bcfb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks And Hardware Support","sectionOrder":15,"title":"Sleep and Wakeup Mechanisms","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"sleep-and-wakeup","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_4f8fb743a832342b0fb2e3097e1e8de5","title":"Sleep Mechanism","order":0},{"id":"seed_da734230b44faf46117d127bb7e981d3","title":"Wakeup Mechanism","order":1},{"id":"seed_505b76499658b4df6ea286af021a5553","title":"Lost Wakeup Problem","order":2},{"id":"seed_a51a305cd271e231984c5a3914801ed4","title":"Implementation Challenges","order":3},{"id":"seed_940038b7187315a7e28e832df5db61bd","title":"Integration with Scheduler","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_bdfe65adf78f9dc9ded3bde19c222b3a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Spinlocks","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"spinlocks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_5c10da714bfc82aed484809ee4adb925","title":"Busy Waiting Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_984925568aecacda53076f1c271bf8d8","title":"Spinlock Implementation","order":1},{"id":"seed_12905ff90f2bb7ee4aeceb4bef1a38de","title":"When Spinlocks Are Appropriate","order":2},{"id":"seed_2b0b65080f8964d230e968862b84bebd","title":"Spin Time Considerations","order":3},{"id":"seed_a715aa69eb71c9558b693a043d61851b","title":"Ticket Locks","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a5b9d700782c503cdfe833d9ebfa65f2","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Test-and-Set Lock (TSL): Hardware-Assisted Synchronization","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"test-and-set-lock","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6ba0f0d175ed90bcb277d1aaedfa1c4a","title":"Atomic Test-and-Set: The Foundation of Hardware Synchronization","order":0},{"id":"seed_c0fc907a772238737668ac1057b590e6","title":"Hardware Support: How Processors Guarantee Atomicity","order":1},{"id":"seed_4a8bcd01cef76ead81ad4c9f67249b7b","title":"TSL Implementation: From Theory to Practice","order":2},{"id":"seed_70831342993dd3bd69cc3e4649fdfbe7","title":"Lock Implementation with TSL: Building Complete Synchronization","order":3},{"id":"seed_a696db15973a3cc38433506f40642442","title":"The ABA Problem: Understanding and Preventing a Subtle Concurrency Bug","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4513483c67b0a39b1fb722040508bc07","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Compare-and-Swap: Foundation of Lock-Free Concurrency","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"compare-and-swap","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_0de1444182fe9b2a8b0dcaa7dc91c942","title":"The CAS Operation: Atomic Compare-and-Swap","order":0},{"id":"seed_79cdd490a12e8bb7870a8fd1fbc52c46","title":"Lock-Free Programming: Progress Without Blocking","order":1},{"id":"seed_40230a7edd3be9380151a2c02abd2d03","title":"CAS-Based Locks: From Spinlocks to Queue Locks","order":2},{"id":"seed_143d27b5da5eca8c121e52dc8ea15c23","title":"CAS Loops: The Heart of Atomic Programming","order":3},{"id":"seed_c24b0d337aa169418d26d61c880fe9ba","title":"CAS Performance: Latency, Throughput, and Optimization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_6f9347e8c8a4b551eb419c0f615eeb09","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Mutex Locks: Mutual Exclusion Primitives","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"mutex-locks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_4365636d225aece48dc2429dd670f369","title":"Mutex Concept: The Foundation of Mutual Exclusion","order":0},{"id":"seed_ab1f5c641e0057f88faa06a187bdf675","title":"Blocking vs Spinning: The Fundamental Mutex Tradeoff","order":1},{"id":"seed_770be97b53548533172c1e9a9a69e0ff","title":"Mutex Implementation: Building the Lock","order":2},{"id":"seed_db9a13de79861c2db2bacd6394c2779a","title":"Pthread Mutex: The POSIX Standard API","order":3},{"id":"seed_5f18b318c8d487eecb9e02bc45d4574a","title":"Recursive Mutex: When One Lock Isn't Enough","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a18feea107e575395b7aeb854a4b90bc","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Futex: Fast Userspace Mutex","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"futex","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2f94527fdf96cc79ea12bc513c726ddb","title":"Fast Userspace Mutex","order":0},{"id":"seed_d788bde910318a15ede13789e0036247","title":"Futex Operations","order":1},{"id":"seed_32766567e89f197a63d5eda23be0a7fd","title":"Kernel Involvement","order":2},{"id":"seed_c295a802e54c555898c13b9b4964b4c1","title":"Performance Benefits","order":3},{"id":"seed_77e73047a39f5b81addfd62e60a7ede5","title":"Linux Implementation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_0879fd294f8492fe9130f0cb34d4494b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores And Classic Problems","sectionOrder":17,"title":"Semaphore Implementation","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"semaphore-implementation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_4a219ba187d543a7f34e270e8e274c18","title":"Blocking Implementation","order":0},{"id":"seed_f64230a53c5a55ae96c556ae42e6a34c","title":"Spinlock-Based Implementation","order":1},{"id":"seed_c6d3c7ef7d1962479d031ce2d86753c4","title":"Kernel Implementation","order":2},{"id":"seed_aa13ff45589546848359eed7dff54969","title":"Fairness Considerations","order":3},{"id":"seed_6e76f5fd8e365a5092b41a4619f0c333","title":"Priority Inversion","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_6a3691fb18a17667a8883296b7df6a41","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores And Classic Problems","sectionOrder":17,"title":"The Dining Philosophers Problem","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"dining-philosophers-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1b5bad06fa6adc725a71cf65070d1a4e","title":"Problem Description","order":0},{"id":"seed_61910dee6576a785d897a7d4a929b251","title":"Deadlock Potential","order":1},{"id":"seed_c6fb2965c3a3765d35b55c57b1b7e718","title":"Semaphore Solution","order":2},{"id":"seed_a6cf0f725b16e5d020caca4ba86302c9","title":"Resource Ordering","order":3},{"id":"seed_7dc179a820eca0ec27ca3c24811a9873","title":"Other Solutions","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_095741f1b4c7f4efa518c717b9806687","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores And Classic Problems","sectionOrder":17,"title":"Other Classic Synchronization Problems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"other-classic-problems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_388d6e7a14203ed67c387d0d3b821539","title":"The Sleeping Barber Problem","order":0},{"id":"seed_4e35997d801469e6b83acda1e0db9658","title":"The Cigarette Smokers Problem","order":1},{"id":"seed_82b30c9653c9b5ce5c4b32db8b14454a","title":"Bounded Buffer Variations","order":2},{"id":"seed_24710acd93aafdf6bb4d9d9aab08f1f8","title":"Common Patterns in Synchronization Problems","order":3},{"id":"seed_f9803e1759315ad25a65959db1e9d9a2","title":"Solution Strategies for Synchronization Problems","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_81039f64343301d7139508dcd36f3c33","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores Classic Problems","sectionOrder":18,"title":"Semaphore Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"semaphore-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_eff34d59cc1688bc23586565302f3985","title":"Dijkstra's Semaphore","order":0},{"id":"seed_275f09bcef04f8312447833930bf2567","title":"Wait (P) Operation","order":1},{"id":"seed_4d0ea785c95a680db4b3c04695a63aa4","title":"Signal (V) Operation","order":2},{"id":"seed_f0972228e93aeb06e6a03de417ad202d","title":"Counting Semaphores","order":3},{"id":"seed_ce894f2d15a9f4547ec9d7620632dbbb","title":"Binary Semaphores","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_0a9e6ddf86fa8ec2dffdf17d2b9bdbf9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores Classic Problems","sectionOrder":18,"title":"The Producer-Consumer Problem","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"producer-consumer-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_515d6393e36506c55c38b6bb71982759","title":"Bounded Buffer: The Foundation of Producer-Consumer","order":0},{"id":"seed_9d6436ccf776a5fb90ccd273c4973057","title":"Producer Logic: Generating Data for the Buffer","order":1},{"id":"seed_e226266e469e706cc70dd6cf451b44b0","title":"Consumer Logic: Processing Data from the Buffer","order":2},{"id":"seed_cc33d91bf3500f0243a42d9af22d7e7a","title":"Semaphore Solution: The Complete Implementation","order":3},{"id":"seed_dccdd7ea31b80542dbf2a75f2d58fdb9","title":"Correctness Analysis: Proving the Solution Works","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_da67f7f18123f7ebbe89efec6e979798","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores Classic Problems","sectionOrder":18,"title":"Readers-Writers Problem","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"readers-writers-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_75fbfbda8e733f2910f3d178b58ef207","title":"Problem Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_b75cc52febf4b703f915927783cb1d39","title":"Readers Preference","order":1},{"id":"seed_28b33eacff4c1c5620a212a490e1da2d","title":"Writers Preference","order":2},{"id":"seed_91bab9040dfd85faf32d9cabad24e93e","title":"Fair Solution","order":3},{"id":"seed_f86f20e5d4bf326e821bf423331f4ddd","title":"Semaphore Solutions","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8ef0f7a09ed19f4d09fa071bd04edd39","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors And Condition Variables","sectionOrder":19,"title":"Monitor Concept","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"monitor-concept","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7e92876293f552d8109da941bf569232","title":"Monitor Abstraction","order":0},{"id":"seed_550bb8dbad49a63e3bbd63c6de348c20","title":"Automatic Mutual Exclusion","order":1},{"id":"seed_1603bd9266939df6c0d3410aba6a4342","title":"Encapsulation","order":2},{"id":"seed_3feebab866fac485e42c907b249f2a32","title":"Advantage Over Semaphores","order":3},{"id":"seed_a09467b9f2115ee32e77924981c24dfb","title":"Monitor Structure","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b378ecef8b5fb49e43e4397d2bf40f02","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors And Condition Variables","sectionOrder":19,"title":"Signal Semantics in Condition Variables","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"signal-semantics","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e38ba11c616503c62ccc232fd0977cab","title":"Signal and Wait: Immediate Transfer Semantics","order":0},{"id":"seed_e324a189cf4f1f78886e6f89e2397654","title":"Signal and Continue: Deferred Activation Semantics","order":1},{"id":"seed_7db2a9c4bd710d62bb80e380776792c7","title":"Mesa vs Hoare Semantics: The Two Paradigms","order":2},{"id":"seed_2659bb5ea52787fdcd892bda41d30e7b","title":"While vs If: The Correctness-Critical Choice","order":3},{"id":"seed_f71280f493884cd5febe1bceb67f5b43","title":"Practical Implications: From Theory to Production","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_7092734f4ee8ea0c9984e22c09d261a0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors And Condition Variables","sectionOrder":19,"title":"Broadcast: Waking Multiple Waiting Threads","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"broadcast","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a99d020310914317f5c30d1cb92e3094","title":"Broadcast Operation: Waking All Waiting Threads","order":0},{"id":"seed_f784dc664360f30ce63055f1ff5db2da","title":"When to Broadcast: Identifying the Right Scenarios","order":1},{"id":"seed_889a45c41e51a717d92844d2618812fc","title":"Thundering Herd: The Cost of Waking Too Many","order":2},{"id":"seed_8549fd37b62f6f6354105d6b2ae32cf3","title":"Performance Considerations: Analyzing Broadcast Costs","order":3},{"id":"seed_7d52ffb9fd643a154298585acf809a19","title":"Use Cases: Broadcast in Practice","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_db6eb17a2e348139dd6e783594e74073","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors Condition Variables","sectionOrder":20,"title":"Condition Variables: Synchronization for Complex Coordination","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"condition-variables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_44145c726c80333763a372ea8747e0b3","title":"Condition Variable Purpose","order":0},{"id":"seed_6860ead692b44aa7bb662e89d471dc5b","title":"Wait Operation","order":1},{"id":"seed_09b0fcf97e4432c5e51e60fefda00779","title":"Signal Operation","order":2},{"id":"seed_a7717ea9f8e7d720c1a49a7a205bff0c","title":"Relationship to Mutex","order":3},{"id":"seed_377a78cbf78846cba04abd6d4f868a43","title":"Multiple Conditions","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_697b459f7503e5c6c1785005deecb424","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors Condition Variables","sectionOrder":20,"title":"Pthread Condition Variables","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"pthread-condition-variables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a88c17b17fda8e4ef6ed84fbc914888c","title":"pthread_cond_t","order":0},{"id":"seed_0bb8c07ec37f85a3a67ae0adcffd1e09","title":"pthread_cond_wait","order":1},{"id":"seed_27ba9db8a78cc428cf062d4cbe81d353","title":"pthread_cond_signal","order":2},{"id":"seed_6a842bd8c11969be2c910f1525c4d35b","title":"pthread_cond_broadcast","order":3},{"id":"seed_dd1154ffe836921ac9313ea6f35dc68d","title":"Proper Usage Patterns","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b7edafb17356d821c60c3370cf2579e7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors Condition Variables","sectionOrder":20,"title":"Monitor-Based Solutions","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"monitor-based-solutions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_81bf544e0cc61d352c2a17debbbd5938","title":"Bounded Buffer with Monitors","order":0},{"id":"seed_5f03a4d9463ad92ea3110a2ed2ff9f0b","title":"Readers-Writers with Monitors","order":1},{"id":"seed_52f538f1d48d5e437a8054ac29e6f27a","title":"Dining Philosophers with Monitors","order":2},{"id":"seed_668c2d5f27ef237b20c6586b799eca70","title":"Comparison with Semaphores","order":3},{"id":"seed_eb10314feeae1d94a52df9fff120af64","title":"Implementation Patterns","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a51245be2f1a65549356f824272ebc67","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Understanding Deadlock Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"deadlock-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f5305e5b8206a5d423ea8a91d90b26b2","title":"Deadlock Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_0e554d83caf5bfc6f0a7542b97e2c642","title":"Resource Types","order":1},{"id":"seed_7a93124cb85ef13f972ac03eeb8e2514","title":"System Model","order":2},{"id":"seed_09d1fd439b698c90d8f01e8dc9889944","title":"Real-World Examples","order":3},{"id":"seed_22c47407228d2bf12efce9f6a941d6ba","title":"Livelock Distinction","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4334a5a41629eba66ae678384f7a3198","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Necessary Conditions for Deadlock","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"necessary-conditions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_8692af0ea1c9ea88116607e27c69cf44","title":"Mutual Exclusion","order":0},{"id":"seed_42cd177509129f122ef25c6d0cfe5759","title":"Hold and Wait","order":1},{"id":"seed_1aa030e50abe89c0c005426675b8dec6","title":"No Preemption","order":2},{"id":"seed_11cbd54dac8cd2189f1407512a28d887","title":"Circular Wait","order":3},{"id":"seed_fbad8a7ee13756dabe8ab9061e7342bf","title":"All Four Required","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_eba514d553d708252753631b90d328cf","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Resource Allocation Graph","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"resource-allocation-graph","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_eda34e9fe0964cf1e56e547d06f53505","title":"Graph Representation","order":0},{"id":"seed_3129979eaf012775ca5d59f7fb1a38f6","title":"Request Edges","order":1},{"id":"seed_fd9c0865ead986aae067d35d3959da29","title":"Assignment Edges","order":2},{"id":"seed_77dbc156984ffe75e0fdaaeee91fd221","title":"Cycle Detection","order":3},{"id":"seed_0cf0a593077976a4489b6f4f5fb8bc20","title":"Deadlock Identification","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_bb7f0a87d10c83a2d2af64a1f01103fc","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Deadlock Prevention Strategies","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"deadlock-prevention","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2e55c6450e1cc08cb9abeaed225c33cc","title":"Breaking Mutual Exclusion","order":0},{"id":"seed_f310603d8e2077af5e8087362eb9e926","title":"Breaking Hold and Wait","order":1},{"id":"seed_d2e38ab66b3112500a10e0f924d39dae","title":"Breaking No Preemption","order":2},{"id":"seed_52bc65e923a4cf28605a278d39458656","title":"Breaking Circular Wait","order":3},{"id":"seed_cd0cccad8b6f6977633ae28c851f545a","title":"Tradeoffs","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_736704f63cb8208d80c74ea8167d560a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Banker's Algorithm: Deadlock Avoidance","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"bankers-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_cb916a54e08c092614d835ae46da3806","title":"Safe State Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_0fb3c76f8f47c786b03855cef16292ce","title":"Safety Algorithm","order":1},{"id":"seed_016b9f5992530df9f7d2132e5b3fc71b","title":"Resource Request Algorithm","order":2},{"id":"seed_87d0336205be30ecae2cc77e2cf77add","title":"Multiple Instances","order":3},{"id":"seed_2b0d6a01a6afebead5b5436d438744aa","title":"Example Walkthrough","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ce49823af1ff69c3e6c04e24df43a55e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Deadlock Detection and Recovery","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"detection-and-recovery","description":null,"estimatedMins":60,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_555fcda612c772ecb414b07a021cf0e3","title":"Detection Algorithms","order":0},{"id":"seed_cc7a6639ffce638a6e1a7276ab97a09d","title":"Single Instance Detection","order":1},{"id":"seed_fd2a64d9404290e2cfc18d7fdd79b9b6","title":"Multiple Instance Detection","order":2},{"id":"seed_18de1786a80041ef6aaada33c9d19ed9","title":"Recovery Options","order":3},{"id":"seed_d5d2f9776fc3aa085154b6e133de7c63","title":"Process Termination","order":4},{"id":"seed_367b66e00f8a533d0f9ee79d6c6d15a0","title":"Resource Preemption","order":5}]},{"id":"seed_1359692a0cd69411d8512612b6e774c1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Memory Management Goals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-management-goals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7e80854902a48f565aec5376dcec5fce","title":"Memory Allocation","order":0},{"id":"seed_7c007627f0d96b186840ab147071a8b9","title":"Protection","order":1},{"id":"seed_50110492ffd6f74b86787947c10a7af4","title":"Sharing","order":2},{"id":"seed_e467133128f10b50d1197a8d7ab97cbb","title":"Logical Organization","order":3},{"id":"seed_7b6435d8fb6f59db01148a5ce7a94b82","title":"Physical Organization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_675f925abcc1f6bb1164f9a18fc17887","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Address Binding: From Source to Execution","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"address-binding","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2238412f10cb15cd849dd7a480ba102e","title":"Compile-time Binding","order":0},{"id":"seed_9202aec89777b705db74d4f58e91f112","title":"Load-time Binding","order":1},{"id":"seed_ce3bdd0a186dc1e18d8673d11a9c53df","title":"Execution-time Binding","order":2},{"id":"seed_a733cdd9ecbdb953e7aaa499db705b8a","title":"Relocatable Code","order":3},{"id":"seed_ab8d0721bc37f26c2214e44bae03312b","title":"Dynamic Loading","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_41f2ed027a756b7a34b1ee22d832f5f0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Understanding Logical vs Physical Addresses","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"logical-vs-physical-addresses","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_303d065c4e82d48b2cd15c4d3e1c5830","title":"Logical Address Space","order":0},{"id":"seed_c74a84b15ec1c4326e6afdfe8a8989cb","title":"Physical Address Space","order":1},{"id":"seed_6f67e8b00f0f6a4e31ce15614cec2f54","title":"Address Translation","order":2},{"id":"seed_545328da0f69dbd15febc0067a189080","title":"Memory Management Unit (MMU)","order":3},{"id":"seed_d50d1eb9ca39eb26d2d591404b56cc14","title":"Base and Limit Registers","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d3b080d578a2e4bcb2b240767bc2e833","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Linkers and Loaders","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linkers-and-loaders","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_3a45870b190736448f89970c53fc9028","title":"Compilation Process","order":0},{"id":"seed_6395b26409ecc4e8ceb9e2a89a42ff5a","title":"Object Files","order":1},{"id":"seed_3aefd25ddff1bd7574136fc5278e5af3","title":"Linking (Static and Dynamic)","order":2},{"id":"seed_cb911e18150b56126917963e5eb39f7c","title":"Loading Process","order":3},{"id":"seed_fd6081e973283aa2e65a3dd69361512e","title":"Relocatable Code","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_27a52b5c729f9c878badfdbf7dcc7211","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Swapping","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"swapping","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_eabde7acccddd1e72ea808895e7bd77f","title":"Swap Space","order":0},{"id":"seed_c2119419d38cb34a5248d00d7d30d7d1","title":"Swap In/Swap Out","order":1},{"id":"seed_2710f1abd0ec02a494a8ea483e1369d0","title":"Standard Swapping","order":2},{"id":"seed_5cbf93de9f7fc6aecad76a2ccbc9c400","title":"Swapping with Paging","order":3},{"id":"seed_1d744ade507b44e897e4c90cadf1444b","title":"Performance Considerations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_cb5a855d17df9d9fccf5a1ba85c07b2b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Overlays","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"overlays","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_9876720f679b13c464e2ceeeaf4c50bf","title":"Historical Technique","order":0},{"id":"seed_419f0fb92662c30194ecda56485f33d9","title":"Overlay Structure","order":1},{"id":"seed_c2b1a3f83fdb39100cfb727f9e53e9b7","title":"Manual Memory Management","order":2},{"id":"seed_b41f657a9eab9e9a46b05c1fd7c1b705","title":"Why Obsolete","order":3},{"id":"seed_5490837d7d679d26a4f7ba1bbd62288c","title":"Historical Significance","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a1f928a457011df2c378cddab161a114","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Contiguous Memory Allocation Fundamentals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"contiguous-allocation-concept","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e951c7d57436d8aef3d09a96c35bf6b5","title":"Single Partition Allocation","order":0},{"id":"seed_052b2314957a2d22da31d6b5d855bf61","title":"Multiple Partitions","order":1},{"id":"seed_c19db895995bca9c41e7dd7471c011f0","title":"Protection with Base/Limit Registers","order":2},{"id":"seed_2357421200a8c84dc5c74ae6ad049128","title":"Relocation Register","order":3},{"id":"seed_467d0e649fff235ee532abca9518601a","title":"Advantages and Limitations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_81f9769996020bf3795c83493b0eab2f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Fixed Partitioning: Static Memory Division","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fixed-partitioning","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ce9d45d3cde502b2e7c1a0f9eb5c299f","title":"Equal-Size Partitions","order":0},{"id":"seed_d0cc11e56a063e3387879103387a791d","title":"Unequal-Size Partitions","order":1},{"id":"seed_39e0bbc7f0446a7e0eeb10b66726e236","title":"Internal Fragmentation","order":2},{"id":"seed_b86458ce362b26b262da2c05607a064f","title":"Partition Assignment","order":3},{"id":"seed_94d7d1ebb0d02555bc85c3762a6a6d08","title":"Limitations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e4474bca96bd36e0763125f758e465d3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Variable Partitioning","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"variable-partitioning","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_59bfd15a14b30a7b5705d23fb6b7600b","title":"Dynamic Partition Creation","order":0},{"id":"seed_15d388158318cf1aef3c8f054c3861fe","title":"Hole Management","order":1},{"id":"seed_ca601bf54f1531fae01eea0810151d58","title":"External Fragmentation","order":2},{"id":"seed_88abbe92e6cab6106b3c3c100a3ee695","title":"Partition Allocation","order":3},{"id":"seed_dbc57e6e888780c61b9a53055cb9467e","title":"Deallocation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2abcdef14133b361fc8bc438caf85066","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Memory Allocation Strategies","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-contiguous-allocation-allocation-strategies","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_55eace933154210e3916fe28657673be","title":"First Fit Allocation Strategy","order":0},{"id":"seed_27c5a871e31fa519bc67b59d76213f4e","title":"Best Fit Allocation Strategy","order":1},{"id":"seed_756367a2d507cad3e7b80375ab3ad038","title":"Worst Fit Allocation Strategy","order":2},{"id":"seed_e308573f4b28c3edf7a1d89a752a90a0","title":"Next Fit Allocation Strategy","order":3},{"id":"seed_8c4654ac1b6886730fe101c13c89fba3","title":"Comparison and Analysis of Allocation Strategies","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_efac1ff2d107f726e496d816d5ad8230","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Memory Fragmentation: Internal and External","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-memory-fragmentation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_bf9a92f0f7e7e13919f2340df50dbc57","title":"Internal Fragmentation","order":0},{"id":"seed_17c9e5c80e868bb7f9c94aba1e8889c5","title":"External Fragmentation","order":1},{"id":"seed_bb82f55ac8ca9fe0906cbae907eba27d","title":"The 50-Percent Rule","order":2},{"id":"seed_b092e180eb052161f01b4c487e79c1c9","title":"Fragmentation Measurement","order":3},{"id":"seed_fc06d54f4d83c8d35c6de88851fbe15d","title":"Impact on Performance","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_708b1569a3837117c1f3abefc7ec8cd7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Compaction and Buddy System","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"compaction-and-buddy-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ef2fe080323d50423665bed262c578ba","title":"Memory Compaction","order":0},{"id":"seed_c62481c5cd293ded425b951a8bf6d15c","title":"Compaction Cost","order":1},{"id":"seed_574f0e26b0372fcdf97a3c0dcecf0652","title":"Buddy System Algorithm","order":2},{"id":"seed_7ea977cfb0aa70b0c8fbdd933ca48196","title":"Power-of-Two Allocation","order":3},{"id":"seed_ebd6b90e23c0bd49a322920508a97f16","title":"Buddy System Fragmentation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_7ec2df224624b43b377d8568aa4e7438","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Paging Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"paging-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_94ec3ea54603e18c0bb2a84210b9e71b","title":"Pages and Frames","order":0},{"id":"seed_59a1e43597debdb13edbff1d405e7a1a","title":"Page Size","order":1},{"id":"seed_1704a3afb7ebd5e59ad84f9f95302650","title":"Non-Contiguous Allocation","order":2},{"id":"seed_b82e8cc983c6c8aa75dd85fbe23c8c69","title":"No External Fragmentation","order":3},{"id":"seed_dbf14592beb37421df6adec386a334d5","title":"Internal Fragmentation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e6814eb8e4db13fd97cc5d2004ced057","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Page Tables","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"page-tables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_0b7c1f1749ff4afe3306d71ab8110848","title":"Page Table Structure","order":0},{"id":"seed_4c91a0d245d1d23a5d5586021dc1a219","title":"Page Table Entry (PTE)","order":1},{"id":"seed_e68c295751576e70429ed748377d651b","title":"Valid/Invalid Bit","order":2},{"id":"seed_0db4e6e627763d7ab56e3a6f36eb623e","title":"Protection Bits","order":3},{"id":"seed_c6161ac9aa1dc4b53ba5604a8df6bb6c","title":"Page Table Location","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9310e6e155aa02f9d5e95fc58087cbd9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Paging Address Translation Mechanisms","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"paging-address-translation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7902e2c6368f2e9036f209db8af9435b","title":"Page Number Extraction","order":0},{"id":"seed_7ef29b5aca7ec1f6c3210dc6649bf9d4","title":"Offset Extraction","order":1},{"id":"seed_09c67265c04b16c82b8c97b20d5da787","title":"Frame Lookup","order":2},{"id":"seed_7201a64f108babedfee0f656f0a920c5","title":"Physical Address Formation","order":3},{"id":"seed_3850b3fe1b48da1a36f1b386fe78336a","title":"Translation Example","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_5f3c7ed52b32aba9548a8057002274e4","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB)","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"translation-lookaside-buffer","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_c39c42c2df69a267f03692b7f068406b","title":"TLB Purpose","order":0},{"id":"seed_a6fb97c61ffcc5b8507dc43457e9ebbb","title":"Associative Memory","order":1},{"id":"seed_4592b2aa8d58e8b48572aa67961b0ade","title":"TLB Hit/Miss","order":2},{"id":"seed_61a217e9a1eff4362893b942558d7e98","title":"Effective Access Time","order":3},{"id":"seed_7b6fbf7323cdd090064654bd1825facd","title":"TLB Replacement","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_5bb9082c057bdb717b525fff885ee456","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Multi-Level Paging","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"multi-level-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1e700fc12e5799e7ebd0b855124cb802","title":"Two-Level Paging","order":0},{"id":"seed_53d9a0e76af4972baa2edece335747d7","title":"Three-Level Paging","order":1},{"id":"seed_a70c2b232aa6279a12acc58407f28f2c","title":"Hierarchical Page Tables","order":2},{"id":"seed_36e9c3ca3907cbc2529d4398e8842119","title":"Address Translation","order":3},{"id":"seed_2aadce3720b83d0f6cbd1f1a6c6d65a6","title":"Space-Time Tradeoff","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_7f589afea1b45ccdc3408081b0f2151d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Hash-based and Inverted Page Tables","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hash-based-and-inverted-page-tables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_8b7847384c569b1022b9e1ff2a774627","title":"Hashed Page Tables","order":0},{"id":"seed_fe8eefd7cc57d67c682542b75dde35a1","title":"Collision Handling in Hashed Page Tables","order":1},{"id":"seed_061344e78df57beba643404359073999","title":"Inverted Page Tables","order":2},{"id":"seed_b52e65f4650bcf88a6b8fdcbbaa7f242","title":"Single Table for All Processes","order":3},{"id":"seed_1487c933d22b41c312b8a5139d82fa4f","title":"Sharing Challenges in Inverted Page Tables","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_48d8b374c98648d28c552478caa5aba1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_918463e8f2a5cc9fa9daf9f9337f02c0","title":"Logical Segments","order":0},{"id":"seed_3808abbf13150c88bc69171209a7680d","title":"Code, Data, Stack Segments","order":1},{"id":"seed_af529713d7ad79a203c3637bcd364971","title":"Variable Segment Sizes","order":2},{"id":"seed_0bd291fe781d6afe2db6b4677837d4ef","title":"Programmer's View","order":3},{"id":"seed_43a7d16892a98c3514e8e85f2b673728","title":"Segment Table","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_49db44f086c862a4244afe70a9ab3d61","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segment Table","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segment-table","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6aaacc74997a6b278d619bb8b4aa6b44","title":"Segment Table Entry","order":0},{"id":"seed_64cb6f56ba506f68899c518ba714c2b3","title":"Segment Base","order":1},{"id":"seed_79c48178fcb1151f60fbb35bf095c3fa","title":"Segment Limit","order":2},{"id":"seed_45e68363788985f342239ae3c1434726","title":"Protection Bits","order":3},{"id":"seed_1345ed3c5610cb662ae6cca771d0c112","title":"Segment Table Location","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e8ac3489b567b6c68e50ade467c44586","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation Address Translation","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-address-translation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f330e53c74022cd58c7609d43e6567ab","title":"Segment Number","order":0},{"id":"seed_7b3aca5bfdd0206538fed77ce90035f8","title":"Offset Within Segment","order":1},{"id":"seed_970ad8298467902218912a3357459f9a","title":"Bounds Checking","order":2},{"id":"seed_bdd2adaf7db744edd9c77c3269d74784","title":"Physical Address Formation","order":3},{"id":"seed_4900af30263a69a7342ab4d69f88b0f9","title":"Translation Example","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_3319256c906738d99ab40424ce0cd7d1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation vs Paging: A Comprehensive Comparison","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-vs-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_89e5c6baf7ffe00ce738341c903d7a42","title":"Comprehensive Comparison Table: Segmentation vs Paging","order":0},{"id":"seed_8fb42d6360c6adc294578ef57644256d","title":"Fragmentation Differences: Internal vs External","order":1},{"id":"seed_0fb32dfbe902b0e994e20cef081e98bf","title":"Sharing Differences: Logical vs Physical Sharing","order":2},{"id":"seed_4f7f8e1288739c2423ee1cc86b20fcc3","title":"Protection Differences: Semantic vs Physical Boundaries","order":3},{"id":"seed_6667463d85551ff7e4f8f4571eb0b89e","title":"When to Use Each: Practical Design Guidelines","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_3e144f44f2889dbe917af33c51a204e3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation with Paging","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-with-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_548067ebd2bb74aef61019e27f167213","title":"Combined Approach","order":0},{"id":"seed_2c4d10a56165a5faae6d77951ecc3616","title":"Intel x86 Example","order":1},{"id":"seed_7d35d1f1ac4a92d792c41618e385de5a","title":"Segment Descriptors","order":2},{"id":"seed_20d5337321ef0824fb7be668ca600c2c","title":"Paged Segments","order":3},{"id":"seed_75f52313bbf98b9ea3d92860cf9d7c09","title":"Modern Implementations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_981dce20fa6c9cb3c0f806f660d1fcce","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Intel x86 Memory Model","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"intel-x86-memory-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_09dc05792fb487c1591b6d359895350b","title":"Protected Mode","order":0},{"id":"seed_02da0587f447a4ea944eb87f9a93bff6","title":"Global Descriptor Table (GDT)","order":1},{"id":"seed_c005056e6e7c3516e1d73d1a4ee2c66a","title":"Local Descriptor Table (LDT)","order":2},{"id":"seed_0d252a9f447292e28519895311010bfc","title":"Segment Selectors","order":3},{"id":"seed_ded92a5f3dc0d080a3cbb7ab5aff521c","title":"Modern x86-64 Changes","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2d1300fa47e559dae9b232e2a9d52fb9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Virtual Memory Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtual-memory-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_949296034fa62707e79d3932057ba330","title":"Virtual Address Space","order":0},{"id":"seed_eab8c23ea5d6ff90bd7e4724e391ed1f","title":"Larger Than Physical Memory","order":1},{"id":"seed_18fbd11c518309d3d02c232c6298164e","title":"Demand Paging and Segmentation","order":2},{"id":"seed_00652e897dec55ea67a23a48e0022ab9","title":"Benefits of Virtual Memory","order":3},{"id":"seed_e3d6b3010db7da51e0f179cc1ac4ad92","title":"Implementation Overview","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_74dfd56fb6d52454938e8bd47118c558","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Demand Paging","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"demand-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2640baefff6178b6b5dcde3b7bdb5626","title":"Lazy Loading","order":0},{"id":"seed_0781f4655095c0843b0c8c0fc74140ab","title":"Valid-Invalid Bit","order":1},{"id":"seed_90d20df37e9f9342dbd49e8a8e953816","title":"Page Fault Handling","order":2},{"id":"seed_adfb7c3a9d66ac9efd696e0ed9e86835","title":"Pure Demand Paging","order":3},{"id":"seed_d6f224a7be11aeb2d32a65ec3b6f9658","title":"Prepaging","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_7d01ec09ff472f39b2e81a2bcb935c7d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Page Fault Handling: The Critical Path to Virtual Memory","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"page-fault-handling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_23e498cfbd2b691502ef517ac7c10605","title":"Page Fault Detection","order":0},{"id":"seed_86dd43e870004b8f4aebca22d18e36f2","title":"Trap to OS","order":1},{"id":"seed_25b2be31275a70bef139be0ce69942c6","title":"Find Page on Disk","order":2},{"id":"seed_c92150ee9e6993752d6c59f9731b7d22","title":"Load into Frame","order":3},{"id":"seed_c76a25fbbdac7cd810d0069f332e6750","title":"Restart Instruction","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b5fcc90890051f0b2b9f9bdc1b30ed87","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Copy-on-Write","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"copy-on-write","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_bad1d27033898b0c1358a1a37938cb1d","title":"COW Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_c97ca5f49717963bb00306f0fc9031d4","title":"Shared Pages","order":1},{"id":"seed_6f0c2d91a7ba3401869792291a0f3af7","title":"Write Triggers Copy","order":2},{"id":"seed_195ddb09c115837ed2cc23e67473c51b","title":"Fork Optimization","order":3},{"id":"seed_6b44090e8fecbdfd5cb5865ae8f2e147","title":"Zero-Fill on Demand","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ffee6b7a320b7433e2f39111d0a92637","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Memory-Mapped Files","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-mapped-files","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f34e1a06b3cb77352d3d128a17173942","title":"mmap() System Call","order":0},{"id":"seed_027f5004b2503d6c63613ae64a754bf2","title":"File as Memory","order":1},{"id":"seed_a3722a59e58feb9060b4917e9d4c1b3a","title":"Lazy Loading","order":2},{"id":"seed_7898bc340b651df5f085be4f1a2f0c72","title":"Shared Mappings","order":3},{"id":"seed_759c3fa26cb3ffa52eb80b96e8d9f7b9","title":"Private Mappings","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_7f60e57f035bc73c6047e0883cb42fe5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Shared Memory via Virtual Memory","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"shared-memory-via-virtual-memory","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_894ef6b4470e9e4dbf2eec65760bbd64","title":"Page Sharing","order":0},{"id":"seed_af25b1697b7bf140417e65a5ca7659c6","title":"Shared Libraries","order":1},{"id":"seed_13ff409d3f9c782c3f0b3ec5944f1e6c","title":"Inter-process Shared Memory","order":2},{"id":"seed_eeb0d1e1d088f4ec651572889781a922","title":"Protection Considerations","order":3},{"id":"seed_2d3d83bd198c3dd0954a5643c0273054","title":"Implementation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_bea5b47cc116ab03f9991178b3631bcd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"Page Replacement Need","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"page-replacement-need","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_3bc344e450641d8be19b8832ed27525a","title":"Over-allocation","order":0},{"id":"seed_cc866d91b25315b6324e92d832cf7665","title":"Page Replacement Concept","order":1},{"id":"seed_94e51646b4b1fdd98e7b4afb58b76ae6","title":"Victim Selection","order":2},{"id":"seed_754c8cfe656e585cde1aa3442b61b4b7","title":"Dirty Bit","order":3},{"id":"seed_916095db6d0601797becf479b55a991a","title":"Modify Bit (Reference Bit)","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e370c66076609b9b9e6c4656f86a2f88","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"FIFO Page Replacement Algorithm","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fifo-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1b06c05e48c57cedfc9b3477ebb8c2aa","title":"First-In, First-Out","order":0},{"id":"seed_5cfa13b3a81721ff39b4294b90f62167","title":"Simple Implementation","order":1},{"id":"seed_e047e602d2772dabbc55f57b873f7b90","title":"Belady's Anomaly","order":2},{"id":"seed_55ac283e05a31453366f29dd8842ad75","title":"Performance Issues","order":3},{"id":"seed_6a2f6018664a4b7ac2afef6e0e185f2c","title":"Queue Management","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_59f34d9e468d539410235ab2afa72563","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"The Optimal (OPT/MIN) Page Replacement Algorithm","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"optimal-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_454cb5739cc8c7cbc10d5c4749fd21e3","title":"Replace Farthest Future Use","order":0},{"id":"seed_68e0a36495beaec949f4a5e8baa51506","title":"Theoretical Minimum","order":1},{"id":"seed_96f538184ee590900810b612e1ac799f","title":"Not Implementable","order":2},{"id":"seed_33f2ee6d84c64001bd4ba27262534c57","title":"Benchmark for Comparison","order":3},{"id":"seed_ea696e0da72e3d524640a6bb235baa6a","title":"Approximations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_58e611be25d9eaad2e46da56fe86411e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"LRU (Least Recently Used) Page Replacement","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"lru-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_dbc6577bb811986582f93856ebeea2c0","title":"Least Recently Used: The Foundation of Practical Page Replacement","order":0},{"id":"seed_306227f89cc88d30faf2466437a5b7bc","title":"Recency-Based Decision Making: The Mathematics of LRU","order":1},{"id":"seed_f3652311b2d9e2272074f339279d1e48","title":"Implementation Challenges: Why True LRU is Impractical","order":2},{"id":"seed_2ae060e2c4b860b75027830f4cf37a0d","title":"Counter Implementation: Timestamps and Logical Clocks for LRU","order":3},{"id":"seed_3012429274b099cce6421470f7ce9e05","title":"Stack Implementation: Maintaining Explicit Recency Ordering","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_3b141aef6fe98ed68f6e61631da31d6b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"LRU Approximation Algorithms","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"lru-approximations","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d5ccee44b1f9f2febec46045f6697465","title":"Reference Bit","order":0},{"id":"seed_6457b8f11349f5c86e647351b57e6fd0","title":"Second-Chance (Clock) Algorithm","order":1},{"id":"seed_36caffb1d94e33e13d2074a941ae1635","title":"Enhanced Second-Chance Algorithm","order":2},{"id":"seed_8556dff9391331791f64966a750df16d","title":"Not Recently Used (NRU)","order":3},{"id":"seed_62729a7bc4d04e4da874c28e22422cad","title":"Clock Algorithm - Advanced Variants","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1775094b82e4081250b3a008f71b281c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"Working Set Model and Page Fault Frequency","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"working-set-and-pff","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_bde6e732bf7408f8bcb6f7ab86efa523","title":"Working Set Model","order":0},{"id":"seed_1601ba65108fe7a90551dd382580fb28","title":"Working Set Window","order":1},{"id":"seed_3906570964244830cb57efa27e3608cc","title":"Page Fault Frequency (PFF)","order":2},{"id":"seed_afbef8d1cc1afc352508f5022886015f","title":"Dynamic Allocation","order":3},{"id":"seed_75e262313720d035d0783233ef6c7e2c","title":"Thrashing Prevention","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e6326cc42a26f3cf6a90c1e641fe7ebe","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Frame Allocation Problem","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"frame-allocation-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_67959125833b06ab2d9700c84c0c812b","title":"Limited Frames","order":0},{"id":"seed_ebf7da9d1056654d295a839c580eaca0","title":"Process Requirements","order":1},{"id":"seed_88d0e9ee901ce2fdd3ce9b61cfad360e","title":"Minimum Frames","order":2},{"id":"seed_69b1f32805b3236a20f88f455aa72909","title":"Allocation Strategies","order":3},{"id":"seed_11601f2ecce60146969fa4dd01873a8a","title":"Fairness Considerations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_68b9eb39e23ceafe1477edf4b7e5783a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Thrashing: The Performance Catastrophe","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thrashing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_37795a0755d54f1bdc1b6d9e54224d58","title":"Thrashing Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_cac26430c5bd8b9772c187ec5675a443","title":"Cause: Insufficient Frames","order":1},{"id":"seed_d546727c42eafe2f766d9a390378f51b","title":"High Page Fault Rate","order":2},{"id":"seed_eca13bc74c46da2bf3f004cd6b1d6da1","title":"CPU Utilization Drop","order":3},{"id":"seed_27c7915b539f0dfcf23e0c301df36a14","title":"Detection Methods","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_92ee21095ae279cb17c1bdeb30f3a3ae","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Working Set Model","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"working-set-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b7af5cfb6b9e95be49da4d96486ac3c1","title":"Locality Principle","order":0},{"id":"seed_9b426a61f7b2511a29331f078a184b1b","title":"Working Set Definition","order":1},{"id":"seed_2ca18469773dcceeb6fc340308837925","title":"Working Set Window (Δ)","order":2},{"id":"seed_e43cc378f01a18847bd9138d93716bd2","title":"WSS Tracking","order":3},{"id":"seed_541dba5d90df62611b614928ad5b2587","title":"Allocation Based on WSS","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_fd43da53d4496fbef64f128868f95db6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Thrashing Solutions: Restoring System Stability","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thrashing-solutions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_46e2ba8215a777c3e8d7211de526f184","title":"Working Set Approach","order":0},{"id":"seed_d7887dfab3340388e36566949a1cf86f","title":"Page Fault Frequency","order":1},{"id":"seed_2cc96f0cfd220cf24948ad130dbe723c","title":"Load Control","order":2},{"id":"seed_7e608403a26c1828bd6c5d77fc730cd4","title":"Swapping Processes","order":3},{"id":"seed_840b5e1e6a0fa6877ffaef63fca872a1","title":"Adding Memory","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1db12b50e5b04520e372819500de72b7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation Thrashing","sectionOrder":29,"title":"Global vs Local Replacement","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"global-vs-local-replacement","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_dc4edcc6a2c445891a8bddb593c05231","title":"Global Replacement","order":0},{"id":"seed_36204464bd85406e636e98dbd67c8f15","title":"Local Replacement","order":1},{"id":"seed_c63c62f7403a09964d0b6505b730f81d","title":"Process Interference","order":2},{"id":"seed_aab9db76fa338c830b27b29c57f841f0","title":"Performance Implications","order":3},{"id":"seed_fe24fcd1174ac4d9d0e48eafa3fa0e0f","title":"Choosing Strategy","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_5b294a7d9d9e56ba15690d2b6f891a99","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Linux Memory Management","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-memory-management-in-practice-linux-memory-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_13969490d376654b600ed8a0a2e20670","title":"Virtual Memory Layout","order":0},{"id":"seed_2620ec7d7cb7b1c5a5fcaa874cbf8304","title":"Page Tables (x86-64)","order":1},{"id":"seed_53213343bcccd09d763cefd4995dcf5b","title":"Kernel Memory","order":2},{"id":"seed_fae5b18544dadcefd5f8ba09900fdb67","title":"User Memory","order":3},{"id":"seed_15467e7178e2879a7d437bd5ac3d9e04","title":"Memory Zones","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_86fc3a1c820a82ec8fde3c3b17aca2f5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Windows Memory Management","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"windows-memory-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_81ce3eb5f6eeedda7763770a0eabd4f9","title":"Virtual Address Space","order":0},{"id":"seed_fab275f7fa4beca2262ad3974b7aab95","title":"Paging File","order":1},{"id":"seed_3ec1798062415e481bd3ae359acf2eb6","title":"Working Sets","order":2},{"id":"seed_17f5a90d485c42251e34a725c0ee312a","title":"Memory Pools","order":3},{"id":"seed_6465b0d82f2caaf84676b29f75ac5ed9","title":"Memory Compression","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_78b534009d4be91a8ec06f7bcd261dbe","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"NUMA Architecture","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"numa-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b69dc8529e2b0fe2c02264a4883a7f0c","title":"Non-Uniform Memory Access","order":0},{"id":"seed_4425320f75c25ba7ca14f721ac559246","title":"NUMA Nodes","order":1},{"id":"seed_e300ddbca357062c24263d3435b54953","title":"Local vs Remote Access","order":2},{"id":"seed_46a4dc5eb129236a8c4bf502c748f5b0","title":"NUMA-Aware Allocation","order":3},{"id":"seed_af4225a6ee6fd98be220105165d2f372","title":"Performance Optimization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_cf3a2f7161693cc12b4fd043aefbe346","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Huge Pages: Optimizing Memory Management at Scale","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"huge-pages","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_c5fd7ca27eaf2e8369d8f785e59581d1","title":"Standard vs Huge Pages","order":0},{"id":"seed_887467ffff3f831a3aa8ba2ba91f46a9","title":"TLB Efficiency","order":1},{"id":"seed_00c6997d615b02dfe9bf5f0514005ec2","title":"Huge Page Allocation","order":2},{"id":"seed_40c8c1fc2d65542b733ca4e1ec00c5d6","title":"Transparent Huge Pages","order":3},{"id":"seed_4269336e5a83568782f1c9d04c3de8ca","title":"When to Use Huge Pages","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_88717754b9f03dcfea81a91aa8ff4a2a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Memory Compression","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-compression","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_0d630c4808bee23761f71032ba778c02","title":"Compressed Page Cache","order":0},{"id":"seed_864e36e37e8054328b6c3ee3e768d01b","title":"zswap","order":1},{"id":"seed_e7f5fd37ec1a158720df76fc717dee1c","title":"zram","order":2},{"id":"seed_c5992f7157ebf89e0cd7f95d1ff82002","title":"Compression Algorithms","order":3},{"id":"seed_43bec525ba15d1925b42364fd93da9d3","title":"Performance Tradeoffs","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8f05fbc44420a857d7f29b499908c247","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Memory Debugging: Detecting and Resolving Memory Errors","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-debugging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_572183f3e869591a7bdeda5dd50c74be","title":"Memory Leaks","order":0},{"id":"seed_f4850b1878d0cfa7a715a63765502236","title":"Buffer Overflows","order":1},{"id":"seed_a5754eb7811ee24d9ab611ebe644d475","title":"Use-After-Free","order":2},{"id":"seed_9d4f27f68c9e46f70a07f60982c99d4d","title":"Valgrind","order":3},{"id":"seed_cf8306dbdb1c167abd2f06bb8cb8cdb2","title":"AddressSanitizer","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9d4f648d804555b00f76ae34c63b7e91","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"File Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b2f05b952dccdd9e2bd36699b5ca4a5f","title":"File Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_766885bc63246ddb65edbf779ced949c","title":"File Attributes","order":1},{"id":"seed_7a6b95bba6ab2b39de7b60bb87a5e6a0","title":"File Operations","order":2},{"id":"seed_decfa45a72433f9114e3d12176d39ffe","title":"File Types","order":3},{"id":"seed_b450988648da72b15a75611e2c28f3db","title":"File Structure","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_68c36972426fca538a1fdf5ae2cbc60d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"File Access Methods","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-access-methods","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2eb394d49793de850086ee0a7de8a4d4","title":"Sequential Access","order":0},{"id":"seed_719551347d9a608104da9d05edfd8d84","title":"Direct (Random) Access","order":1},{"id":"seed_1e07a7be76cef59cae82a9b9d7e1119f","title":"Indexed Access","order":2},{"id":"seed_691aca2ba6c7b0dc0b8ece7bf214130e","title":"Access Method Comparison","order":3},{"id":"seed_584bee668e8d922a574e2999fedbd138","title":"Memory-Mapped Access","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a18e62e8b77fcff0841a1e0002a80439","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"Directory Structure","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"directory-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6de0b81dda0e4b9e096745bcb0c29cb9","title":"Single-Level Directory","order":0},{"id":"seed_a9f3d3d5901ac4d2b4332d8edc9eccfa","title":"Two-Level Directory","order":1},{"id":"seed_a198f1571435df150aa5d8064685518e","title":"Tree-Structured Directory","order":2},{"id":"seed_c73559dba4cf32e639e530bf4d2e18f8","title":"Acyclic-Graph Directory","order":3},{"id":"seed_07b445bd004b031b3a5cec19fc01eef2","title":"General Graph Directory","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4c3785c374dc010145535df7a559fd77","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"Directory Operations","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"directory-operations","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b6253250f8fb836867c6c4ee1dbc24dd","title":"Create/Delete Files","order":0},{"id":"seed_82fca0f09eac73e338f310ca82496a98","title":"Create/Delete Directories","order":1},{"id":"seed_c4e6d29debb4ab1eaaa219a8452fab81","title":"List Directory","order":2},{"id":"seed_398a444f2bb0dc3252939249f6d1a53c","title":"Search","order":3},{"id":"seed_e60d56cda21d6554c870bf45c5ace28e","title":"Rename/Move","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_585e7e8efc4278fca3fcac513a128811","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"File Protection: Securing Persistent Data","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-protection","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_439970daae53b9dad9ef7a1ab5dbec10","title":"Access Control: The Foundation of File Security","order":0},{"id":"seed_a5a493c413222682d24d9f45f57c7e6a","title":"User/Group/World: Unix's Elegant Permission Model","order":1},{"id":"seed_8d2ed012e923650b99997557c8ae1de0","title":"Access Control Lists: Fine-Grained File Permissions","order":2},{"id":"seed_6f894c5af792f9bbd3566623a326b30c","title":"Capabilities: Object References as Access Tokens","order":3},{"id":"seed_5658b8b28aa52ebc575ede10f521a157","title":"Permission Models: The Complete Access Control Landscape","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2a23330117de15b869ddf401e620bf88","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"Hard and Soft Links","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hard-and-soft-links","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_349c6b69156571f64a2010d9d7dce3dc","title":"Hard Links","order":0},{"id":"seed_b61cdf2da9d9cceab73d5a349a65119b","title":"Link Count","order":1},{"id":"seed_b7682277cd2d9559baf02532b51e2df8","title":"Soft (Symbolic) Links","order":2},{"id":"seed_a7921c1b5f6592101b789772f0a63c4f","title":"Dangling Links","order":3},{"id":"seed_d80c45e7f7e11cbbbc14af908b790ff6","title":"Use Cases","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ae8196d972184c1fb01e625013fdb61d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"File System Layers","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-system-layers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_c1b13faa49741cbc5c921f86e52db588","title":"Logical File System","order":0},{"id":"seed_c7e1b913cc3c764b5412170c3f3387aa","title":"File Organization Module","order":1},{"id":"seed_0697dc42b9b52858b8455de18520ba5d","title":"Basic File System","order":2},{"id":"seed_169e51ac23af057edd12c3b4038c3afd","title":"I/O Control","order":3},{"id":"seed_2680d81814f561934737fbeae9135351","title":"Device Drivers","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_654aa70ff1777323fe5ef221936613bb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Contiguous Allocation","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"contiguous-allocation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_fe13d4e4adf6f5f0241600c5a57e2c5a","title":"Contiguous Blocks","order":0},{"id":"seed_6ce246a32204b2862505f13d19fa5acb","title":"Fast Sequential Access","order":1},{"id":"seed_049c1d6fccb43ecb2a88472703806d3b","title":"External Fragmentation","order":2},{"id":"seed_5e07ee2e7363687bc338f1b429d9d976","title":"Compaction Needed","order":3},{"id":"seed_5c3e6d27ff5b47c48b08c5e821d95c07","title":"Best for Read-Only","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_fbf33871afbf019e562093e3119c4d3a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Linked Allocation","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linked-allocation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_c5859dd2f598e064573175d5fb931fd8","title":"Linked List of Blocks","order":0},{"id":"seed_c361170b76aaf78971a984fcc23d8e3d","title":"Each Block Has Pointer","order":1},{"id":"seed_6b361c0dfe114866fab6c936ba177a09","title":"No External Fragmentation","order":2},{"id":"seed_7b81564c96887567c5662e2c4f02f771","title":"Poor Random Access","order":3},{"id":"seed_1d3df32eda21b0928c9912bae4531cb4","title":"FAT Optimization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e89504616e41380fb66c9bc7549c526a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Indexed Allocation","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"indexed-allocation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_bccfa22051d11b0a0bc47a6a4138380f","title":"Index Block","order":0},{"id":"seed_bf0d36836bb98d051538c017541c42f3","title":"Direct Pointers","order":1},{"id":"seed_6640c43c1655191ad4332b1afc07b1d9","title":"Random Access Support","order":2},{"id":"seed_3f85d834fe2dfbdd012e3902bced5e19","title":"Index Block Overhead","order":3},{"id":"seed_8277ec7f490c08cc8ab54181b514629e","title":"Multi-Level Index","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a29fa5e68534fb8b13b3fd10b7fc7f13","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Free Space Management","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"free-space-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f2dc5e9871ec64f85660aa976f966fff","title":"Bit Vector (Bitmap)","order":0},{"id":"seed_febf0b4a8ddd6cf4955f45b006c561fa","title":"Linked List Free Space Management","order":1},{"id":"seed_a00b05ed86ebc6178c09c105d519cbfd","title":"Grouping Free Space Management","order":2},{"id":"seed_0c0c0e080168e275c02dc81be48a705f","title":"Counting Free Space Management","order":3},{"id":"seed_ec00b890a6ecde1cdfa40bda5e359831","title":"Space Maps","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ccc909d59a36cc82306083d967779488","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Directory Implementation","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"directory-implementation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d01961d1752b2d0e60f99e95ddb88637","title":"Linear List","order":0},{"id":"seed_3bf0c56b1bd2324ba2f978fdc06f2ca8","title":"Hash Table","order":1},{"id":"seed_3c09e6d71cd9ca35ad2b9a596c52c057","title":"B-tree","order":2},{"id":"seed_c0e4d86223ba975fd663b91dc980e26b","title":"Directory Entries","order":3},{"id":"seed_4316e00b73464887927dd623bbf0233c","title":"Name Lookup","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e288c30d588f632bca1015d3b7d1d967","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"FAT File System","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fat-file-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_0afdaa4ff91addb847987466c09c2301","title":"File Allocation Table","order":0},{"id":"seed_955063a8e816f096b315d619fc746cce","title":"FAT12, FAT16, FAT32","order":1},{"id":"seed_7039a5f06a62742d9865c3e1af90d85e","title":"Cluster Chains","order":2},{"id":"seed_62a17a868b950090ce409a9dc3dc8a40","title":"Directory Entries","order":3},{"id":"seed_a05bc7259b8237813a02bb917f282e0a","title":"Limitations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_0e5ef8e12d36838f2bc357f4c3cd7244","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"Unix inode Structure","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"unix-inode-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b04777c40a7038515589697432a4f969","title":"inode Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_75edd1b1277c50bf06f1cb2a5330045b","title":"inode Contents","order":1},{"id":"seed_6ffe8e87e450024ead81d97d29dde39f","title":"Direct Blocks","order":2},{"id":"seed_681ef72a3780acf43cce18016bacfeb1","title":"Indirect Blocks","order":3},{"id":"seed_bd4f0b92cfd345cf9cfa660bf93d17e6","title":"Double/Triple Indirect","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_56e16005c30759a706a200021da04ae6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"Ext2/Ext3/Ext4 File Systems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ext2-ext3-ext4","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_809bc1193caf83818d53a3b26da6a0a6","title":"Linux Extended File System","order":0},{"id":"seed_81c86e82b40472648c651d44c9c62204","title":"Block Groups","order":1},{"id":"seed_32dab5bc59fbceb7d78dd24c9cc15cdf","title":"Superblock","order":2},{"id":"seed_97354f8b209f0bb28d26db43953e6650","title":"Ext3 Journaling","order":3},{"id":"seed_7b708f5e6c93a4f64d125a4d18dd1393","title":"Ext4 Extents","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_3a6f1e8af132baebcf9bc66d41f8229b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"NTFS: The New Technology File System","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ntfs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_fd571854ded1f7a5e181bfece222ef9e","title":"Windows File System","order":0},{"id":"seed_366809db5cf2feb7cde964d68b08e07a","title":"Master File Table (MFT)","order":1},{"id":"seed_c640c62ceb9fbf5ed3f9933a92447274","title":"Resident Attributes","order":2},{"id":"seed_02a6192a82ea9f2a3ff1c218b80ba3ad","title":"Change Journal","order":3},{"id":"seed_12f0ef6343c9bb3447974bba3e93a9b7","title":"Permissions","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9b66121878b62d9b69998cb11ec9ec42","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"File System Comparison","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-system-comparison","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_eba2972dfc32d85c98bc93263bbaf08d","title":"Feature Comparison","order":0},{"id":"seed_f010dcaecd20eb538ff6091ec5cc39ec","title":"Performance Characteristics","order":1},{"id":"seed_1960667a4bfee5b0a7aa725932808b6d","title":"Maximum Sizes","order":2},{"id":"seed_62f42d1ce98fd3c80f5c2b0df8157a45","title":"Journaling Support","order":3},{"id":"seed_e5bc043ed9f23af854d8053a821e4a2c","title":"Use Case Recommendations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2e746179b8be1e14a01b787b24e5f850","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"Virtual File System (VFS)","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtual-file-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_15405915bb6e3011e47ddb3aa4d6223e","title":"VFS Abstraction","order":0},{"id":"seed_034997306ba8b6e596c79f95e627c037","title":"Common Interface","order":1},{"id":"seed_5b37127bf6a1469c22e8e4fff7f274fc","title":"File System Mounting","order":2},{"id":"seed_789148bff6037f6964b158a32096fb66","title":"VFS Objects","order":3},{"id":"seed_d8a0e3ffc1d5b60f366d5f37f15981cd","title":"File System Registration","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_74f91fafd54bf70e7300885294996f74","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Buffer Cache","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"buffer-cache","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_47aada0db91121c53dd39e8348ef5929","title":"Block Cache","order":0},{"id":"seed_e7d70e9e80a715722b2d9389cd078103","title":"Cache Management","order":1},{"id":"seed_c02565c91e84f6aef6a6af40d50a32ff","title":"Write-Back Policy","order":2},{"id":"seed_82919fd374d27feeb050eee2f4638e96","title":"Cache Consistency","order":3},{"id":"seed_6a5a3545706fae8de2c8fbcf525b0b71","title":"Sync Operations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_f97fa5a7bb9ec68b4c5c378519c9947e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Read-Ahead: Anticipatory Data Loading","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"read-ahead","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_30cb8c2fb15e78647dfd893b0eaadbc7","title":"Prefetching: The Art of Anticipatory Data Loading","order":0},{"id":"seed_bca4b7da084b742a8a6ec9d1b378cb97","title":"Sequential Detection: Recognizing Access Patterns","order":1},{"id":"seed_52b464e5e3f9fcfe15b3c58b46f68ed9","title":"Read-Ahead Window: The Sliding Window Mechanism","order":2},{"id":"seed_74b41fbbd28241488366e671cb69f14f","title":"Adaptive Read-Ahead: Dynamic Prefetching Optimization","order":3},{"id":"seed_165590bfd893d222d612d1cc2677974f","title":"Performance Gains: Measuring and Maximizing Read-Ahead Impact","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4ff36a28802b87f8d1b0110f896e90f7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Write Strategies","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"write-strategies","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b4443f63d23e42c0ebcaa1d116a50cf4","title":"Write-Through Strategy","order":0},{"id":"seed_86a76bcb1b4b757a036214dc1ba22bf8","title":"Write-Back Strategy","order":1},{"id":"seed_5bd7443e34e4639c40ea98b8d04ebd4c","title":"Delayed Write Strategy","order":2},{"id":"seed_b1b41abbc9ee6f2b67a3bc0e6cfa34db","title":"Ordered Writes Strategy","order":3},{"id":"seed_4619c58e799d0a3c8f3e7ba98127fc86","title":"Data Integrity","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_de3bf4f804174e8bf94545b9ade710fc","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"File System Journaling","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"journaling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_650a41102119468e9a392027f78964aa","title":"Journaling Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_a377d1bdb81f3188965e4f49ee5b8bad","title":"Write-Ahead Logging","order":1},{"id":"seed_aac6dd80a2f7edcf21ac63756357fdfd","title":"Metadata Journaling","order":2},{"id":"seed_257230e4c24972a8dabc671f04be064b","title":"Full Journaling","order":3},{"id":"seed_59f26c9bb2714e0b942d34379c8758bf","title":"Journal Replay","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_df49786f6ab3859c097bc8a5986ea705","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Log-Structured File Systems","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"log-structured-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1b5a15957c6399b9d4b78f0cda654c02","title":"LFS Concept: The Log-Structured Revolution","order":0},{"id":"seed_4d8d73884464ad056a03a06c76175c1f","title":"Sequential Writes: Maximizing Disk Bandwidth","order":1},{"id":"seed_7c79555640ecd59223c6823158527cf7","title":"Garbage Collection: Reclaiming Dead Space","order":2},{"id":"seed_3be65f19e15bedbf09c40eb1ae8bc472","title":"Cleaning: Advanced Segment Reclamation Strategies","order":3},{"id":"seed_5bc5a407e25cfe0979f71838d31affe8","title":"SSD Optimization: Log-Structured Storage for Flash","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_5b79405957967bc1319d5dc5002a30b7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Defragmentation","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"defragmentation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_60fad31d0b0c594efeb4241a2543a0bb","title":"Fragmentation Causes","order":0},{"id":"seed_c4c23d1606bc1065b2035e8cabb05b46","title":"Defragmentation Process","order":1},{"id":"seed_3793f5a8a4ce393cbb0724b542a40512","title":"Online vs Offline Defragmentation","order":2},{"id":"seed_c7cdd0a4da393409a5f6e9df26892864","title":"SSD Considerations","order":3},{"id":"seed_159414da3661ed8747927ff8c9021dfd","title":"File System Specific Defragmentation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_0783892a9efc4847e680aefa1eb1dbd9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Copy-on-Write File Systems","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"copy-on-write-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_8073c03d8888efcc5dc6340d9433a21e","title":"Copy-on-Write Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_50a1f27024fc2e3aa314e5de508d0d81","title":"Snapshots","order":1},{"id":"seed_783769d2fc04968e40a0b8b4b3479c5e","title":"Data Integrity","order":2},{"id":"seed_8bd5e78d91f2b4c066edefcbb7c6e5d9","title":"btrfs and ZFS","order":3},{"id":"seed_195e5cf6e1effac27d38657013517dff","title":"Performance Tradeoffs","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_669094127e382a299679705ee6352f80","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"ZFS: The Zettabyte File System","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"zfs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1d3acc708b9be63e176755335ec24461","title":"The Zettabyte File System: A Revolution in Storage Architecture","order":0},{"id":"seed_e78ada358233a330f0e8ded12da0e3d5","title":"Storage Pools: Pooled Storage Architecture","order":1},{"id":"seed_c26d17b0be2ba7b8002280e5f1c695af","title":"Checksums: End-to-End Data Integrity","order":2},{"id":"seed_e5caa54a00f243242355330f37947168","title":"RAID-Z: Software RAID Without the Write Hole","order":3},{"id":"seed_283b736c7089f19c64845c2f66e88d3f","title":"Snapshots and Clones: Point-in-Time Data Management","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e94b6844ed3f8d3875703200ba21c67b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Btrfs: The B-tree File System","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"btrfs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_4aecf0eee0208f9b6fdca82632b1eae9","title":"B-tree File System","order":0},{"id":"seed_473db3865f0a5408dec6b801429a1612","title":"Linux Native COW","order":1},{"id":"seed_3d3bf37edd8928aa798116e87dc9d3f9","title":"Subvolumes","order":2},{"id":"seed_0e9c440d9dd7ff25d32cec916b35baed","title":"Snapshots","order":3},{"id":"seed_e84e5dff1368f35dd3b822eecad466b2","title":"Data Scrubbing","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ecaafe317263daf4d330ff6223034212","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Network File Systems","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"network-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a0a11b395118841e045b1464e2f1a142","title":"NFS Overview","order":0},{"id":"seed_71e2cd5a01a51dd791a6a8e17ed9173c","title":"NFS Architecture","order":1},{"id":"seed_b013723c246b7439b8ad03d426ae70ce","title":"Stateless Protocol","order":2},{"id":"seed_bc9cd9d2a50ccf8160bc4f9556fbc757","title":"NFS Versions","order":3},{"id":"seed_910f295011979934410fb6a15d1a5695","title":"Performance Considerations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_348639a90a49d0f3cc73af6949019912","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Distributed File Systems","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-advanced-file-systems-distributed-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_870b69ab83a45d43c8184e52c660adb5","title":"Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS)","order":0},{"id":"seed_15a5fd03c5a63a1ec1e8401d5db11839","title":"Google File System (GFS) Concepts","order":1},{"id":"seed_e3929b1326c4b6a0f2a184686bf8496a","title":"Data Replication Strategies","order":2},{"id":"seed_515a461bcbeff584339ea97a57f6b99e","title":"Consistency Challenges in Distributed Systems","order":3},{"id":"seed_21419f4e1587b0b5d36d65fb71bd83ec","title":"Cloud Storage Systems","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_90c8994cdf03311d15aa405ac087cccb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Special File Systems","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"special-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_40dd5ffdf7364a34ff2501f06bcd1f13","title":"The /proc File System","order":0},{"id":"seed_9f605d9bc9d9b8646df96feb23045b05","title":"The /sys File System","order":1},{"id":"seed_75017c7ce12975bfd69e5fa37805743e","title":"tmpfs - Memory-Based File System","order":2},{"id":"seed_16a23e24c796f9c5753683b60d99b363","title":"devtmpfs - Dynamic Device File System","order":3},{"id":"seed_d8b0163ab30dc086d65c5a2ee3d80fa3","title":"FUSE - Filesystem in Userspace","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_52cf25b095195030c7b7a9eebbc7dc12","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Understanding I/O Device Types","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-device-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_bd1fd70d243c49d3f697c0df295e3064","title":"Block Devices","order":0},{"id":"seed_5a7b6c4c42c3d563de4661e01e9bc082","title":"Character Devices","order":1},{"id":"seed_a5dd397571a8ae7976394d8a07a88661","title":"Network Devices","order":2},{"id":"seed_2b80af9914d710188906313aa8c12196","title":"Device Characteristics","order":3},{"id":"seed_af0c5475d3722804f9b98b4f32969039","title":"Device Communication","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b4ba4edb77f767cdae8aa4c601d9a0c6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"I/O Controllers","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-controllers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_413fd2c3125c7dcaf7d1ada88b855d93","title":"Device Controller","order":0},{"id":"seed_4156519227c6523a9c2e2af09944247f","title":"Controller Registers","order":1},{"id":"seed_9a4430a77589241a384781d3ca198243","title":"Data Buffers","order":2},{"id":"seed_892355652083789972b143515cda3f5c","title":"Controller Interface","order":3},{"id":"seed_1fad002d3fb34df506273adb659cab0c","title":"Standardization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e6fca3745885ef9f31d6630257b669e6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Memory-Mapped I/O","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-mapped-io","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e06f367ab5abc393995cbdeebe23e7f9","title":"Port-Mapped I/O","order":0},{"id":"seed_6cba5aae5b5e0c0ab6173afa4a62e843","title":"Memory-Mapped I/O","order":1},{"id":"seed_6aa7029a53f95ca41973b680e6bd71fa","title":"Address Space Usage","order":2},{"id":"seed_ded80e8a1597727179744850d5cb7a1d","title":"Comparison","order":3},{"id":"seed_2bf8fc8b4c9ab95fcedb56118e30e387","title":"Hardware Support","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_de8da1a4808b50d35a225192f8911286","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Interrupts: Hardware-Level I/O Signaling","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"interrupts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_06e3353e31bff1bc053a2847e92e921e","title":"Interrupt-Driven I/O","order":0},{"id":"seed_6e715457fda82197ec56464b9c6104c4","title":"Interrupt Handling","order":1},{"id":"seed_18b47fe9285bf6bc9fdf17245c8c214c","title":"Interrupt Vector Table","order":2},{"id":"seed_efaf4a7a16172ad6754ff89546f073f6","title":"Interrupt Priority","order":3},{"id":"seed_5d7a36453de0a2d01fe9b24be0226bc1","title":"Interrupt Acknowledgment","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_935f708c695ec34c1ffdef3b375abb42","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Direct Memory Access (DMA)","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"dma","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d1f85bf170050c89d3d62810ede8c616","title":"Direct Memory Access Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_d4095a0ae2eccbde694c977174e5e00d","title":"DMA Controller","order":1},{"id":"seed_11d8bea1da04a1dacb02ffe3e02a4538","title":"DMA Transfer Process","order":2},{"id":"seed_a525249883914afe1f61dc1d3ef0b2ec","title":"Cycle Stealing","order":3},{"id":"seed_dbcb67efd571a3f956c2f8b5f683e63c","title":"Bus Mastering","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9e17272b0a078d2317c5b2f754dd8dc8","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"I/O Hardware Performance","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-hardware-performance","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d2a9f774da5cf5fa4e9e98342763a2cb","title":"I/O Throughput","order":0},{"id":"seed_5b858572900dfcd43f8da7dd1a020d36","title":"Latency Considerations","order":1},{"id":"seed_0867a47c6d30dbc671de6436a672cde8","title":"Bandwidth Utilization","order":2},{"id":"seed_0e1899810857f4a56de380c91a65f155","title":"Hardware Bottlenecks","order":3},{"id":"seed_26013a47eb27a187f1b9aa27620abd51","title":"Performance Optimization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8744fb5632c645a7b4c14d07cb8adba2","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"I/O Software Layers","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-software-layers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_8f4b56fa87bf08818481b457c1128dbd","title":"User-Level I/O","order":0},{"id":"seed_7ab653e6f50c115a4760b11b54d52afe","title":"Device-Independent Software","order":1},{"id":"seed_a056a5f1bd22d7792be0d86c01504ced","title":"Device Drivers","order":2},{"id":"seed_6108fc01daab26d00fc6f24f3ac29444","title":"Interrupt Handlers","order":3},{"id":"seed_b4778643aec5918933c29eb3dabd4067","title":"Hardware Layer","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2d816fe215216599e611129eb97a2765","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Device Drivers","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"device-drivers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d883ce0df9292fea49dda56adda04f05","title":"Driver Architecture","order":0},{"id":"seed_c5b2e93612dbfa5e8659a0fbeba60058","title":"Driver Interface","order":1},{"id":"seed_f4b6205b3db4ef6e804fe625724faaae","title":"Driver Development","order":2},{"id":"seed_99bc95bb8ef58dc3d3d31377969ed6cc","title":"Driver Loading","order":3},{"id":"seed_010017edcea4b262abf10ac9a694b159","title":"Driver Bugs","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1b4b2075cf9f19f78d4f153fd76f37a9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Blocking and Non-Blocking I/O","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"blocking-non-blocking-io","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_5cd264eb2ff7652a2d2ec34a7cab6d29","title":"Blocking I/O","order":0},{"id":"seed_9e28a412a34e364af21142d615890555","title":"Non-Blocking I/O","order":1},{"id":"seed_0124ed3d2acbf4e63b78d2a788dff26f","title":"Asynchronous I/O","order":2},{"id":"seed_097f6895a654bb4d58e051fc942727cb","title":"I/O Multiplexing","order":3},{"id":"seed_89528a4332be47120afff60c961fd221","title":"select/poll/epoll","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d7a542eee0ffd939883207e8cd036788","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"I/O Buffering Strategies","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"buffering","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d025147a6a0b5e43cb844e6df86e1d35","title":"Single Buffering","order":0},{"id":"seed_bd23e3480f798f4d1d38817bb8501d4d","title":"Double Buffering","order":1},{"id":"seed_02c4ca8b80c52d2062c4eeaf6c082341","title":"Circular Buffering","order":2},{"id":"seed_832224adefd8fc4ec1625da272a754b3","title":"Buffer Management","order":3},{"id":"seed_6e33d424be7f36edfa145ccf40cb2241","title":"Zero-Copy Techniques","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_50e647b54466c570bd30a2e31e046629","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Caching","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-software-caching","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b075541d959ca383100c9c9c6e2338ad","title":"I/O Caching","order":0},{"id":"seed_201c0aa15e2162b80250e23ad4be5b84","title":"Write Caching","order":1},{"id":"seed_a6d99740c2e82800cfe72fd3b7f9119e","title":"Cache Policies","order":2},{"id":"seed_283b54dac8a67ff52adec7247b4ec028","title":"Cache Coherence","order":3},{"id":"seed_407f5a8727f725802a36c67d90bffbef","title":"Cache Effectiveness","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d9dcdc2a6a17bbd82aa46697c8c541d4","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Spooling: Simultaneous Peripheral Operations Online","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"spooling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_3db9d06caa808227f9792c85acd64412","title":"Spooling Concept: Simultaneous Peripheral Operations Online","order":0},{"id":"seed_8bf433b85078fc3eaed57dca7390d43e","title":"Print Spooler: Architecture and Implementation","order":1},{"id":"seed_0d3cf5ef591f525174ccaafd537a9fd5","title":"Spool Directories: Persistent Queue Storage","order":2},{"id":"seed_fc6aa77e11062091466394f5ce794010","title":"Daemon Processes: Background Service Architecture","order":3},{"id":"seed_592d7039141aae8eb6e309e513beb5a0","title":"Job Scheduling: Queue Management and Optimization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ea683bf5bc780d22be5ea3a6b6a2df8f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"Disk Structure","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-disk-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_64065fb40b3efd94bfef66d1967c0caa","title":"Platters and Surfaces","order":0},{"id":"seed_47be537fcad61443927be8792271b624","title":"Tracks and Sectors","order":1},{"id":"seed_0688e16632e12dfc8faeb9b13c014d3d","title":"Cylinders","order":2},{"id":"seed_d6b0e9f2da008554d38efd26c658fb8b","title":"Disk Addressing (CHS, LBA)","order":3},{"id":"seed_45e21cc449e56c37d4546827d89711a1","title":"Disk Geometry","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b792d831b502998a10262be656af61fd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"Disk Scheduling Algorithms","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"disk-scheduling-algorithms","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_9e3ca7625f016076d3af5b6db7090cd9","title":"FCFS Scheduling","order":0},{"id":"seed_3a05dcd1c4cbb10ce609677984f12fd2","title":"SSTF (Shortest Seek Time First)","order":1},{"id":"seed_27882f6c8d2bbbed326c4116e1bb1124","title":"SCAN (Elevator Algorithm)","order":2},{"id":"seed_f07c7bc30cee2e9d4918da87bfc1d1ed","title":"C-SCAN (Circular SCAN)","order":3},{"id":"seed_f83afa0f002cdb88757a554e5eef6daf","title":"LOOK and C-LOOK","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1d27a139166d008bcbb33a28e9e0a7d3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"RAID: Redundant Array of Independent Disks","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"raid","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7c52cc3263fdec4c079e2611513cc9eb","title":"RAID Levels (0, 1, 5, 6, 10)","order":0},{"id":"seed_e68ab6461bddcfc3e72d1c86865c64c2","title":"Striping and Mirroring","order":1},{"id":"seed_01fca86125889982794ab85fdb648bf3","title":"Parity","order":2},{"id":"seed_05e1c4087e8f092eae79765e8be07fd1","title":"RAID Performance","order":3},{"id":"seed_a187fb850ffe7ea05706c14031876fc5","title":"RAID Reliability","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_50536e42456716a82a654117fa00d666","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"SSD Internals: Understanding Solid-State Storage","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ssd-internals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_c3c7ef51e5e134b9f9e0aa3ceb126cac","title":"Flash Memory Types","order":0},{"id":"seed_44dbce173febd7aa2a54d5188d2b87b2","title":"SSD Architecture","order":1},{"id":"seed_05e699d030ef2fae5be798850af39c1f","title":"Wear Leveling","order":2},{"id":"seed_3231f296656d1ccd722249b1bd3a627d","title":"Garbage Collection","order":3},{"id":"seed_a1ff2826313eb8f4889670620835af2a","title":"TRIM Command","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d82e020b33a77e7dcc16816323dbfb06","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"NVMe: Non-Volatile Memory Express","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"nvme","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b854d327f102e1e9b354a6decff2b407","title":"NVMe Protocol","order":0},{"id":"seed_11e46c0e0db053c9233b319a2b5580af","title":"PCIe Interface","order":1},{"id":"seed_cded1504f117a3026e95942fff46a4a0","title":"Command Queues","order":2},{"id":"seed_124c17886e6df1175120c7dcd3e0bb57","title":"Performance Benefits","order":3},{"id":"seed_2174bfa9c5d1b737ff2378ccb9defb10","title":"NVMe vs SATA","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_5ff63fd794b2aa434ca1c0b353d62500","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"Storage Virtualization","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"storage-virtualization","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_66491b82f3973484d64d0a2b213b1491","title":"Logical Volume Manager (LVM)","order":0},{"id":"seed_c0881e4fd48af4e0ae18c34cd0a41826","title":"Volume Groups","order":1},{"id":"seed_f54053badd6f6ec964ec60a190b780ff","title":"Logical Volumes","order":2},{"id":"seed_39c5e69151687193b0fc8ab32eb62f47","title":"Snapshots","order":3},{"id":"seed_8633954259c66338d6e21e0dc77b60fe","title":"Thin Provisioning","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8038fe2525f524bce7b4f4a2ab588680","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Protection Goals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"protection-goals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_53dbb4d9b2c138ff9b4f356ff8a50d79","title":"Confidentiality","order":0},{"id":"seed_68c3afe6446b4ec27e0f026c7ad13a82","title":"Integrity","order":1},{"id":"seed_f8982002b796a2a5a09063fe7b75ae0f","title":"Availability","order":2},{"id":"seed_5ef8c87d9c45b3d9b0f37e9dae834d80","title":"Authentication","order":3},{"id":"seed_154f89daf5e62454ebeb897cca3f71a5","title":"Authorization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_57d09e513d060d1b3ad6bbddc88532a7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Protection Domains","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"protection-domains","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_5c753b35203cc114ab0a69f576b6c06d","title":"Domain Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_1e0989f7ac89baf7905d4390e641c17d","title":"Domain Switching","order":1},{"id":"seed_d09ae58acde922c1e826feab5f294cde","title":"Protection Rings","order":2},{"id":"seed_9d16318db0f83a901e8af42ee6c95f35","title":"Least Privilege","order":3},{"id":"seed_9f4c7c758f7b46159fa0bea60d77d6c1","title":"Domain Implementation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4c9a659dab4610c51609c717f5360107","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Access Matrix: The Foundation of Access Control","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"access-matrix","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_0f6032e729f70ed3db070092b4271fc2","title":"Access Matrix Model","order":0},{"id":"seed_93578a1a26d9e3172c1dcda27a0e072b","title":"Subjects and Objects","order":1},{"id":"seed_143ec90afd6b4e7f8b822881abbfa674","title":"Access Rights","order":2},{"id":"seed_eaa55c3ac804bc857f58360927f52b76","title":"Matrix Implementation","order":3},{"id":"seed_9b6db51d303fa6d654e096b6ae63ee97","title":"Size Considerations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2d052e562006a3a7735c7a2731f4776e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Access Control Lists","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"access-control-lists","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ed63777e33a03d3a0d1a25f3182fe2e6","title":"ACL Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_bad467d98acad3e7ad47fba0fc87ee3d","title":"ACL Entries","order":1},{"id":"seed_388db2e812549a0eef2437b2ced3940f","title":"Default Permissions","order":2},{"id":"seed_02d392ab1e9abf6dc0e4f373cbe6a1a1","title":"ACL Inheritance","order":3},{"id":"seed_33cc0160dbca42ea293ad42028cd83ae","title":"ACL Performance","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d95afefaba73cc8166ed7c4fc0621d55","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Capabilities","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"capabilities","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_db119d669d400e9255546348691da4e1","title":"Capability Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_bff77ac3e95813fc084ddca39a7f508b","title":"Capability Lists","order":1},{"id":"seed_ba442d0c1267b8a9fe896599c519a505","title":"Capability Delegation","order":2},{"id":"seed_b69e2531659c40d4bcea345e8f615c8d","title":"Capability Revocation","order":3},{"id":"seed_be772922fe2650741718c25dc22319c0","title":"Capabilities vs ACLs","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e5aacf65753fcef0f1e2de0ff83eeb8c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Sandboxing","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"sandboxing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_5dc6fd524592866721ca26c4035bb901","title":"Sandbox Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_80c7924e50a85f2b33cddfbd6ecb981e","title":"Process Sandboxing","order":1},{"id":"seed_1f4b1906bc96352febf37f476dda3e32","title":"System Call Filtering","order":2},{"id":"seed_ad557cca57505df4f2ac73f1a7b42b3a","title":"seccomp","order":3},{"id":"seed_337d9eb899e7a50382d038405f9f8b7e","title":"Container Isolation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_661f04c10476a36ba0b1dc15089d8af6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Security Threats","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"security-threats","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_88eb3151c62f952ba58ddec33091de9a","title":"Threat Categories","order":0},{"id":"seed_f48619d52d2c64e22a11d5cd6d5feb59","title":"Malware Types","order":1},{"id":"seed_91822ce2750120568560355ba457e612","title":"Attack Vectors","order":2},{"id":"seed_b9f7d90dbfc495dbcb66b5ea03ea7a22","title":"Threat Modeling","order":3},{"id":"seed_c2389d161cd6a276f41922f52abbb573","title":"Risk Assessment","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_c0ced91be0f6156afc67e942bb07a1e6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Authentication","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-authentication","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_604d70f9d3b3f2a37b5dff78c6d2aa3e","title":"Password Authentication","order":0},{"id":"seed_cb7f3e37c5b446aab5e0f024cf277017","title":"Multi-Factor Authentication","order":1},{"id":"seed_332ab3b9700a09d422357f8846393731","title":"Biometrics","order":2},{"id":"seed_aacdf017a55abc0367fe415ccab59c62","title":"Authentication Protocols","order":3},{"id":"seed_aac303edb518adcdb9b807b9b97b29da","title":"Password Storage","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b55aa2d35564316630cec01ae1473791","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Authorization: Controlling Access to System Resources","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"authorization","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_cd5534f3fe70dd822cc13ea230052f81","title":"Authorization Models","order":0},{"id":"seed_b65132bd9ecab3591b28880cff91e9f4","title":"Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)","order":1},{"id":"seed_87cf81c13d9a7438935c457ebdd9154d","title":"Mandatory Access Control (MAC)","order":2},{"id":"seed_46a4873081e570c25d4b7cda8ee00086","title":"Discretionary Access Control (DAC)","order":3},{"id":"seed_e76ccf197138b66b0592dba3f783cac8","title":"Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_7d982ddbf20076ad51ffe2947767fe14","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Cryptography Basics","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cryptography-basics","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_cf83cd47c66060846c9491fecc1e39c5","title":"Symmetric Encryption","order":0},{"id":"seed_8e390f1aec514b1567be6a9e3aff9ccb","title":"Asymmetric Encryption","order":1},{"id":"seed_b2777d02087e71bd1375691db56a14c2","title":"Hash Functions","order":2},{"id":"seed_735cefe0d44b68679fb60046355de910","title":"Digital Signatures","order":3},{"id":"seed_8067867a5f2b3060da323e148d918b47","title":"Key Management","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_166a436e93afef09445829f03c244683","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Secure Communication","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"secure-communication","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ca98cc0ce14335e58e73e39d800fea33","title":"TLS/SSL","order":0},{"id":"seed_25578136fbb2043a292da3da79a2597a","title":"Secure Channels","order":1},{"id":"seed_3603361fbf8e3067bdb5ed77ce500298","title":"Certificate Authorities","order":2},{"id":"seed_d7f62783ce777988974f0157daeba4a9","title":"Key Exchange","order":3},{"id":"seed_31dd564d7ecf3bb1637723aa5b6589fd","title":"Perfect Forward Secrecy","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e85c81bbb33e0b8b7c0ee57efadc6eda","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Auditing and Logging","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"auditing-and-logging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_455ad52eb07b799c386afbb590e8c494","title":"Audit Trails","order":0},{"id":"seed_3a17ef13c65fe7a44ea19cca12f0e794","title":"Log Management","order":1},{"id":"seed_a60eb990a60d25e854e5dee84183b024","title":"Intrusion Detection","order":2},{"id":"seed_20a19e5585d7a7aab324cbef1ca44078","title":"Log Analysis","order":3},{"id":"seed_1a17150b7991123d9f4d3c61ccb0ed7c","title":"Compliance","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a09ed2e8a0d6ff26dbc713556ceaa501","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Buffer Overflow Attacks","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"buffer-overflow-attacks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_cc66421854a77f44e9ef8968df1bf478","title":"Buffer Overflow Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_a892c5f3296aa7462a6c7eb9dcc724ec","title":"Stack Smashing","order":1},{"id":"seed_9bccd3a1c88e1fb58c6949793f2921fc","title":"Code Injection","order":2},{"id":"seed_5f948f2e53c877ca788a1c4aaa264dfe","title":"Return-Oriented Programming","order":3},{"id":"seed_b913e16e38f41653d8b954bbbe54250d","title":"Prevention Techniques","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_88490dee40ff1c17bc1d7cc7a5fc2737","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Defense Mechanisms","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"defense-mechanisms","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a44b34a3162e27c2ea4cd1c67160a81e","title":"Stack Canaries","order":0},{"id":"seed_2670b0201deb82ebd1ed504c5043dedb","title":"ASLR (Address Space Layout Randomization)","order":1},{"id":"seed_561a81c53b659c56db70c1c90e2af426","title":"DEP (Data Execution Prevention)","order":2},{"id":"seed_58fff62ffc57b7627aafe727afcf3fd6","title":"Stack Protection","order":3},{"id":"seed_a28687fd8ddf12dee3832f86a9bb942f","title":"Compiler Protections","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_3c885ca5f084f5a46db11b2f4904505c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"SELinux: Security-Enhanced Linux","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"selinux","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_987a2577746d64273a59ef3092178123","title":"Mandatory Access Control","order":0},{"id":"seed_f068f247ac951dd577f440356d3434d0","title":"SELinux Policies","order":1},{"id":"seed_a9ae5230f47ece334222b727bd91224d","title":"Contexts and Labels","order":2},{"id":"seed_cf7a85a2e15a1613af6721fbcb74ca56","title":"Type Enforcement","order":3},{"id":"seed_e225f26d60a8e1ec4d780f3671c546e5","title":"Policy Management","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_53f8367ac99085d8b9f1636f6e40e250","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Secure Boot: Establishing Trust from Power-On","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"secure-boot","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1a585e0df10402a824ebebe36fe1858f","title":"Trusted Boot Process","order":0},{"id":"seed_4967ba55eaa9712e4aaccc35705784e8","title":"UEFI Secure Boot","order":1},{"id":"seed_96cac61bd6cb74d33d91eabbb1367ecd","title":"Boot Chain Verification","order":2},{"id":"seed_c430876fe70ace33cb4c46a68dbbaed2","title":"TPM (Trusted Platform Module)","order":3},{"id":"seed_3ba1953dfb1ea9e84d6c3890f1d47136","title":"Measured Boot","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2fd02ecee39dc208c34829e2cc433bf1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Hardware Security Vulnerabilities","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hardware-security","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_8e3a61235e6fdb2fae2fa86bb4c0b184","title":"Spectre Vulnerability","order":0},{"id":"seed_e7baa3f31269db72017deb0b2076e494","title":"Meltdown Vulnerability","order":1},{"id":"seed_378c768ba5ad1b94dd7586542d2e3c35","title":"Side-Channel Attacks","order":2},{"id":"seed_da47988253cc15018eeb8cc2f691c6bc","title":"Hardware Mitigations","order":3},{"id":"seed_2c702787a2b42eb33409b94dc52c6418","title":"Security Updates","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ebd27878fc4e4cb03d9f14ded9fafa8e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Security Best Practices","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"security-best-practices","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ad07a459e6a7512bc0092fe8cde258dc","title":"Principle of Least Privilege","order":0},{"id":"seed_f59c38ff5dca4cb6d0cb000138264a10","title":"Defense in Depth","order":1},{"id":"seed_98e2caacda2607286a3efe8b10ba7584","title":"Security Updates","order":2},{"id":"seed_ceef2753c7a1837d70f78d097acfdb4a","title":"Vulnerability Management","order":3},{"id":"seed_629c8ae2b99ba8096f155b47d2dc061a","title":"Security Hardening","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_47e2f9add150afb6f6a6573256e2c78d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Virtualization Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtualization-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_82000ebfce846ca0a779f361dd9c9f2f","title":"Virtual Machine Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_cab0ef7ab267151300c241950d585447","title":"Host and Guest","order":1},{"id":"seed_ebac59ebf13552444ccc721994285704","title":"Virtualization Benefits","order":2},{"id":"seed_e0218a1741f0b53602dda2a5d9827136","title":"Virtualization Overhead","order":3},{"id":"seed_4ad7ed9898aa86ba1d66b68a96aaef72","title":"Use Cases","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2968c0434f11eeb6c77f487eba6bb291","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Hypervisor Types: Architecture and Implementation","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hypervisor-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e977923e4a0aae25a7b329cda8a09f8b","title":"Type 1 Hypervisors (Bare Metal)","order":0},{"id":"seed_7bec8e50b4e54ccd0a35697fac59ca2e","title":"Type 2 Hypervisors (Hosted)","order":1},{"id":"seed_a57637afbd0ff9910be47c5108035603","title":"Hypervisor Comparison","order":2},{"id":"seed_954de709f04f223b50fc893018f4bebe","title":"Hypervisor Examples: Xen, KVM, VMware","order":3},{"id":"seed_a1db83e31d0d788a0a3382fd04e2aebd","title":"Hypervisor Security","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9b32a7d354aba80297085f1317152615","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Hardware Virtualization Support","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hardware-virtualization-support","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2feffa5ed509e1b024f6876deb8de9c6","title":"Intel VT-x","order":0},{"id":"seed_7769445f17751518e7fbeba180bf6192","title":"AMD-V","order":1},{"id":"seed_5ba09fbcbe0efb095d5387f85d4e8895","title":"Extended Page Tables","order":2},{"id":"seed_ab6cacabaa21ff2954f8545e83a112e7","title":"I/O Virtualization (VT-d)","order":3},{"id":"seed_1d7d090f4c305fcf7e186a569c96be9f","title":"Performance Acceleration","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ae57234d6ead69d3f5f3d05a27b6571a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Paravirtualization","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"paravirtualization","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_07f3df4f36abeda2ae9a241a93c93f2c","title":"Paravirtualization Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_bc847adc378f5b58ff358f5d38a7e1e8","title":"Guest Modification","order":1},{"id":"seed_9bfdd9234013967efb672bbb67e07b36","title":"Hypercalls","order":2},{"id":"seed_b6aff62b21b9450574b9cd2bbc7d77a7","title":"Performance Benefits","order":3},{"id":"seed_024ff174d375d1148a6a1e2fffc9050b","title":"Xen Paravirtualization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_266acd941f8f2406cd8a88df011fc9f5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Containers","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"containers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d2b34717089746bbbdb0e67a67cdea7f","title":"Container Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_afce0bbd9cac20e094f2514ccd1a7bcb","title":"Containers vs Virtual Machines","order":1},{"id":"seed_1f45c065a5c5022c55016c1ffd672d79","title":"Docker Architecture","order":2},{"id":"seed_969c74c2ae654f285bd426187b1d3dc9","title":"Container Images","order":3},{"id":"seed_b025defbc6bf45b2a951c4462a9c53a9","title":"Container Orchestration","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_f3e720331ca608163176e6e083d6d993","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Linux Namespaces and Control Groups","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"namespaces-and-cgroups","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_3bff9d7a1b331a28fe14d2de64b968e9","title":"Linux Namespaces","order":0},{"id":"seed_3b567377d4626706cce9eebd990c4872","title":"PID, Network, Mount Namespaces","order":1},{"id":"seed_e0dfd33ba3849500a6ab1dbcc0f38931","title":"cgroups (Control Groups)","order":2},{"id":"seed_ce6a824093b6b64e4511d1d5b8dcd461","title":"Resource Limiting","order":3},{"id":"seed_daa2623629640c68751d693460ba72d0","title":"Container Isolation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_c67c51597f380f37ebb931c1ca2a8228","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Distributed System Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-system-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_71c5e90d77b54839ae1b1ce74af6c969","title":"Distribution Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_38b74e61ab9f5988abaa39673a8852f4","title":"Transparency Types","order":1},{"id":"seed_0da6ccb63c2ba1f9240e179ec9e4d219","title":"Scalability","order":2},{"id":"seed_de5510663a8313ecb28630f67fab9b11","title":"Fault Tolerance","order":3},{"id":"seed_a1675de8af59b928e4a9862847cbd062","title":"Consistency Challenges","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_5020ea10920f2ccac9fac6814bc1fbce","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Communication in Distributed Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-communication","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ba9be4dcfa3419bb723ba3f4fe6bf9f2","title":"Message Passing","order":0},{"id":"seed_6153257929bfc499b851b1ff02d47af1","title":"Remote Procedure Calls (RPC)","order":1},{"id":"seed_c8047f9b84ae558714f33217be309b80","title":"REST and gRPC","order":2},{"id":"seed_3bc83501c40c1d8a219ba84acf9e9a17","title":"Sockets","order":3},{"id":"seed_f6b45b40031e7aa0d1895b6b68b0b57b","title":"Message Queues","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_95cf1ce4325b68ee048ba986103c9155","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Distributed Clocks and Time Synchronization","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-clocks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_efd4ae6c341b1bbd08331a8166a3840c","title":"Clock Synchronization","order":0},{"id":"seed_48013d233e349f5b4bf752726e3d6ab0","title":"Logical Clocks (Lamport)","order":1},{"id":"seed_c4766b9498a073eb5da5bcbc859e8c8c","title":"Vector Clocks","order":2},{"id":"seed_ee3fccd344712dbc185bc364b248ce90","title":"NTP (Network Time Protocol)","order":3},{"id":"seed_d3d845e00794be651c5a1a3ab3c8ee87","title":"Clock Drift","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_07d7f230ea620df583b7f981cee9a418","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Distributed Coordination","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-coordination","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_106ac504d2122803a9983de4236a5541","title":"Leader Election","order":0},{"id":"seed_feb73c57b5ef5d024303c782f86e27bf","title":"Consensus Algorithms","order":1},{"id":"seed_88eb446bdbce18e9363fc454de301cfc","title":"Paxos Basics","order":2},{"id":"seed_e9785a337f73b7ef4fda5afc74cd81d1","title":"Raft Basics","order":3},{"id":"seed_89e5812b353f9d107831797cc0819de7","title":"Distributed Locks","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8016eb77a27f90d20ec661baafebcdaf","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Cloud Computing","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cloud-computing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e4254872ecb2f99773ba0bbe48d613f9","title":"Cloud Service Models","order":0},{"id":"seed_5ae868dd4b23b7d2d257dcfb05fb51fb","title":"IaaS, PaaS, SaaS","order":1},{"id":"seed_b9fbdd0596c6613169e68362b328c68f","title":"Virtualization in Cloud","order":2},{"id":"seed_0674f8021b38249ed97a8790db1a71d5","title":"Container Orchestration (Kubernetes)","order":3},{"id":"seed_4408b9260cb80eb574486eb147321ee7","title":"Cloud OS Considerations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_fcf64e71390497b8acc672168e76eda0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Real-Time Operating System Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"real-time-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6a0223ecafa7de140c893c99dd23789c","title":"Real-Time Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_9127465fd68fbcbdebaf09c428b28be1","title":"Hard vs Soft Real-Time","order":1},{"id":"seed_e16589eee105cd7c461195b2375d5523","title":"Deadlines","order":2},{"id":"seed_347bab7180379ad30256fa7476e1dfdb","title":"Predictability","order":3},{"id":"seed_722a193f6e2acbc84be18a21ecd25fe8","title":"Real-Time Applications","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_469662648f26ffac0c451852d788fcd6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Priority Inversion","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"priority-inversion","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_0219e6480865644ba86085d7d2f6ba95","title":"Priority Inversion Problem","order":0},{"id":"seed_5f0d5860b98ac82a227701f2f1610fd2","title":"Mars Pathfinder Incident","order":1},{"id":"seed_89019c547c2812a880b4359a747d877c","title":"Priority Inheritance","order":2},{"id":"seed_828e9e8d62ae737e3f5c311a2efe1d6d","title":"Priority Ceiling","order":3},{"id":"seed_80c2661556616d3f8933dbc8aed7a9ba","title":"Resource Access Protocols","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_98b407e4e164750e3a68981a098f74ef","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Real-Time OS Features","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"real-time-os-features","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ca8071d74f1b6222e74d66a0357f6a06","title":"Minimal Latency","order":0},{"id":"seed_5b81e87f5c4884d99617ad9012d7f928","title":"Deterministic Behavior","order":1},{"id":"seed_2324ad944304063514a824018154390c","title":"Interrupt Handling","order":2},{"id":"seed_d4497b2cbdab6cccd3689707a7ba6cee","title":"Timer Resolution","order":3},{"id":"seed_c1c6e7b0f5bd04b29ce0f8efd9343af0","title":"Memory Management","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_abd44044a3a187d5af92b7716924a3a0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Real-Time Linux","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"real-time-linux","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_4a08bb80d72cfeb0031682a98e5edc58","title":"PREEMPT_RT Patch","order":0},{"id":"seed_6c1545595b32e938c5c8774d86b46d83","title":"Real-Time Schedulers","order":1},{"id":"seed_adc35b91c4a5dbee94022937009d1b22","title":"Latency Reduction","order":2},{"id":"seed_2b09d12d7972cfe70a8df8da3bf6f656","title":"RT-Linux","order":3},{"id":"seed_ba0494d98bb38a35ed1508753de9b64a","title":"Application Guidelines","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9e6d4f577a93d716f3e7fbf19a9c0e64","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"RTOS Examples","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"rtos-examples","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_475737fc7a8a45ec67227747149925cd","title":"FreeRTOS","order":0},{"id":"seed_b262ace2b9f31ca2abc8524af82c223c","title":"VxWorks","order":1},{"id":"seed_39d3887aba0dabdc076d74661dc6437b","title":"QNX","order":2},{"id":"seed_9c66d456de19395bdd6465f31dba3fa8","title":"Embedded Systems","order":3},{"id":"seed_5b315d046e1a6a27ab380ff273584db0","title":"Automotive Systems","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_3f88e5cb45ad5060c9edf802a12f37c5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux Kernel Architecture","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-kernel-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_986d690d689e8b4fd550b5a5d655ad6f","title":"Monolithic with Modules","order":0},{"id":"seed_8a3bca7033e52d560b4320f0d63c7cc5","title":"Kernel Source Structure","order":1},{"id":"seed_c1acb1677a058a871ce0e5343f0b6d5e","title":"Kernel Configuration","order":2},{"id":"seed_9e4bc6a41b1e7f3c8fff11239bb3276a","title":"Kernel Compilation","order":3},{"id":"seed_d6aebed7d7f19a427dd6692c2f09ce26","title":"Kernel Versioning","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2c41c3e1c0341c349751860904901bdd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux Process Management","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-process-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_09850e9faf411aee3dec4fb19e5cb799","title":"task_struct: The Heart of Linux Process Representation","order":0},{"id":"seed_04b090bc6b2fe8da3baf5a90d8b117dd","title":"Process Creation: The do_fork Mechanism","order":1},{"id":"seed_7a086f07468c7dbe20c03d818c755a24","title":"Scheduling Classes: Linux's Modular Scheduler Architecture","order":2},{"id":"seed_904f0b1f374430228bee0e121cda3ffd","title":"CFS Implementation: The Completely Fair Scheduler","order":3},{"id":"seed_9f1832da2a35bcdbed055241e62551ff","title":"Process States: The Task Lifecycle","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8c94706184061e777cf1aaedccb0cc01","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux File Systems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e2859b01fc6cbf6d1a19336725638db3","title":"VFS Implementation","order":0},{"id":"seed_3a417e8e0db5a9c294038a1fb563583e","title":"ext4 Internals","order":1},{"id":"seed_210c32586bede4f34fb27cd323588920","title":"Block I/O Layer","order":2},{"id":"seed_00a0da083a32df259b332e78ecffe30d","title":"Page Cache","order":3},{"id":"seed_3c3821d4def5b6d107bdbeaca20a66e0","title":"File Operations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a8c39b926ec49c0218ba46234e830728","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux Networking","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-networking","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1083c2c7b0b3029cb799e47582801288","title":"Socket Layer","order":0},{"id":"seed_2f91d7d6c85bdc11bb9b4f0725953fcb","title":"Protocol Stack","order":1},{"id":"seed_528d17ee03da3ac52d1937d4cd68a39c","title":"Network Namespaces","order":2},{"id":"seed_56f29002a590e05f7f7ab263c0f1aa7e","title":"TCP/IP Implementation","order":3},{"id":"seed_4f34a063875b32a275de79c20484fee5","title":"Packet Flow","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_0740281df0c7941405c2dd7a5d6961fa","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"eBPF: The Linux Kernel's Programmability Revolution","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ebpf","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7b42afc3b029738ac8f5ebbfe6539b88","title":"eBPF Overview","order":0},{"id":"seed_32b50868c1b105951253a7e23b8f5354","title":"eBPF Programs","order":1},{"id":"seed_9a5b1cdc78c6a32f9f743a65b19947fc","title":"Tracing and Observability","order":2},{"id":"seed_7c5409e00a6f6bd3b1d60474313b912c","title":"Networking Use Cases","order":3},{"id":"seed_859be2212f960fe4733b5ee46d12dea5","title":"Security Applications","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_c2ecb2e85e9e2d5627d3d741590fec9f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design And Interview","sectionOrder":46,"title":"Operating System Design Principles","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-design-principles","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_8f5f42b40a15c8d6541c6f5a3c8dfea1","title":"Separation of Concerns","order":0},{"id":"seed_8cabcec891180478c931779a5340a792","title":"Modularity","order":1},{"id":"seed_04835217784d72acf47feb753f0b2763","title":"Abstraction Layers","order":2},{"id":"seed_ec52d23ce4693018d39d0324a77bcfa1","title":"Policy vs Mechanism","order":3},{"id":"seed_74155ab4ebba471c2c7efa51bbd19b87","title":"Design Tradeoffs","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_bc3130db7917207d80f7ae4ef50a9318","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design And Interview","sectionOrder":46,"title":"Interview Problem Types","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"interview-problem-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_dc50c4e9e564a79edb58e2d340633658","title":"Scheduling Problems","order":0},{"id":"seed_f0d9c76d84e249e017e1c1dd24baa60d","title":"Synchronization Problems","order":1},{"id":"seed_1b6c23fae7e1ac41acc8b3ba5c1470d6","title":"Memory Calculations","order":2},{"id":"seed_d51a0a5776c86dff5ef28686ebf413cb","title":"File System Calculations","order":3},{"id":"seed_bd12ccee95159ea9dd0075bb5e8dcbb8","title":"System Design","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e2513a76988d732572d92d681041d094","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Classic Operating System Problems","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"classic-os-problems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e52803a99b3e47224cedfe3cd839b197","title":"Producer-Consumer Analysis","order":0},{"id":"seed_afbcc1df443f1911585db9ba42834683","title":"Readers-Writers Variations","order":1},{"id":"seed_620106732b2db0a5ade32e1461d11864","title":"Dining Philosophers Solutions","order":2},{"id":"seed_732074924e4fd30dc36952e26cf7a687","title":"Sleeping Barber Problem","order":3},{"id":"seed_e103551fe8acb8417c426178198a698a","title":"Problem-Solving Strategies","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_64eb8d30a7a4ba66acb0bd28e5e96496","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Numerical Problems in Operating Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-numerical-problems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_848a12073a6b699348a11be1ca3a64f8","title":"Process Timing Calculations","order":0},{"id":"seed_70166ff7f14c10536bdd071fd56dfd31","title":"Page Table Size Calculations","order":1},{"id":"seed_0071602135d23152cba532e184dde922","title":"TLB Hit Ratio Calculations","order":2},{"id":"seed_5ed3d44a3990ec1a212fa7f1a3e84937","title":"Disk Scheduling Seek Time Calculations","order":3},{"id":"seed_b7c3e8d00b90698caf0deb0472028b9d","title":"Memory Access Time Calculations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2b5c7aa0affd151ce761f39d33566b14","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Conceptual Questions","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"conceptual-questions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_5590f2e6c6f44c8d941d1b5ac24d624f","title":"Process vs Thread Differences","order":0},{"id":"seed_3bfb39a110bfcba8a0b69cbcd7d9dbea","title":"Virtual Memory Benefits","order":1},{"id":"seed_f244723bf86caa01faf6407ed0d1c28f","title":"Deadlock Conditions","order":2},{"id":"seed_c181c214fecdabfb21b5c3937e757664","title":"File System Comparisons","order":3},{"id":"seed_d0c56cae38e63619aa707197ad309b12","title":"Security Concepts","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_53d78947ce21d614c8f2e296cfc31dec","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Operating System Project Ideas","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-project-ideas","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_040668230e780364a50ddbb2efc6f33a","title":"Simple Shell","order":0},{"id":"seed_ff022bf7192228fe687fffca9622de66","title":"Custom Scheduler","order":1},{"id":"seed_46fbf023d6120711871f74f9d51aa46e","title":"Memory Allocator","order":2},{"id":"seed_fa4fc1dfe4a11345c1a7d9767d10ec5c","title":"File System Implementation","order":3},{"id":"seed_616029ea1060ac26840bb4fae1672692","title":"Mini Kernel","order":4}]}]},"currentModule":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:json:path:modules:216","prevModule":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:json:path:modules:215","nextModule":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:json:path:modules:217","allModules":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:json:path:modules"},"meta":{"values":{"path.createdAt":["Date"],"path.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.0.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.0.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.1.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.1.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.2.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.2.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.3.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.3.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.4.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.4.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.5.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.5.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.6.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.6.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.7.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.7.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.8.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.8.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.9.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.9.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.10.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.10.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.11.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.11.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.12.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.12.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.13.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.13.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.14.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.14.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.15.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.15.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.16.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.16.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.17.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.17.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.18.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.18.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.19.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.19.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.20.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.20.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.21.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.21.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.22.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.22.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.23.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.23.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.24.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.24.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.25.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.25.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.26.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.26.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.27.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.27.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.28.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.28.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.29.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.29.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.30.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.30.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.31.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.31.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.32.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.32.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.33.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.33.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.34.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.34.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.35.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.35.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.36.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.36.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.37.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.37.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.38.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.38.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.39.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.39.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.40.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.40.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.41.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.41.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.42.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.42.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.43.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.43.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.44.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.44.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.45.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.45.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.46.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.46.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.47.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.47.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.48.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.48.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.49.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.49.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.50.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.50.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.51.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.51.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.52.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.52.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.53.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.53.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.54.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.54.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.55.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.55.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.56.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.56.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.57.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.57.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.58.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.58.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.59.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.59.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.60.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.60.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.61.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.61.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.62.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.62.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.63.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.63.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.64.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.64.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.65.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.65.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.66.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.66.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.67.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.67.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.68.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.68.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.69.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.69.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.70.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.70.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.71.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.71.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.72.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.72.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.73.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.73.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.74.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.74.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.75.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.75.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.76.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.76.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.77.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.77.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.78.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.78.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.79.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.79.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.80.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.80.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.81.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.81.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.82.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.82.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.83.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.83.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.84.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.84.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.85.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.85.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.86.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.86.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.87.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.87.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.88.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.88.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.89.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.89.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.90.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.90.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.91.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.91.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.92.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.92.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.93.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.93.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.94.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.94.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.95.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.95.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.96.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.96.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.97.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.97.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.98.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.98.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.99.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.99.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.100.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.100.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.101.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.101.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.102.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.102.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.103.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.103.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.104.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.104.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.105.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.105.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.106.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.106.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.107.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.107.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.108.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.108.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.109.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.109.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.110.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.110.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.111.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.111.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.112.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.112.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.113.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.113.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.114.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.114.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.115.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.115.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.116.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.116.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.117.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.117.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.118.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.118.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.119.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.119.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.120.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.120.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.121.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.121.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.122.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.122.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.123.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.123.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.124.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.124.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.125.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.125.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.126.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.126.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.127.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.127.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.128.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.128.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.129.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.129.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.130.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.130.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.131.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.131.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.132.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.132.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.133.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.133.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.134.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.134.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.135.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.135.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.136.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.136.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.137.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.137.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.138.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.138.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.139.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.139.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.140.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.140.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.141.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.141.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.142.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.142.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.143.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.143.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.144.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.144.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.145.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.145.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.146.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.146.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.147.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.147.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.148.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.148.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.149.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.149.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.150.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.150.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.151.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.151.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.152.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.152.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.153.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.153.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.154.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.154.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.155.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.155.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.156.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.156.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.157.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.157.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.158.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.158.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.159.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.159.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.160.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.160.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.161.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.161.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.162.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.162.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.163.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.163.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.164.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.164.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.165.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.165.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.166.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.166.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.167.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.167.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.168.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.168.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.169.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.169.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.170.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.170.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.171.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.171.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.172.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.172.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.173.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.173.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.174.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.174.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.175.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.175.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.176.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.176.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.177.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.177.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.178.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.178.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.179.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.179.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.180.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.180.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.181.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.181.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.182.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.182.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.183.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.183.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.184.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.184.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.185.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.185.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.186.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.186.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.187.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.187.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.188.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.188.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.189.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.189.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.190.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.190.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.191.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.191.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.192.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.192.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.193.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.193.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.194.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.194.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.195.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.195.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.196.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.196.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.197.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.197.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.198.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.198.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.199.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.199.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.200.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.200.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.201.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.201.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.202.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.202.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.203.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.203.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.204.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.204.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.205.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.205.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.206.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.206.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.207.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.207.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.208.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.208.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.209.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.209.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.210.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.210.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.211.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.211.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.212.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.212.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.213.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.213.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.214.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.214.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.215.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.215.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.216.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.216.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.217.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.217.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.218.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.218.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.219.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.219.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.220.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.220.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.221.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.221.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.222.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.222.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.223.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.223.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.224.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.224.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.225.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.225.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.226.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.226.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.227.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.227.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.228.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.228.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.229.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.229.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.230.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.230.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.231.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.231.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.232.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.232.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.233.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.233.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.234.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.234.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.235.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.235.updatedAt":["Date"],"currentModule.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.216.createdAt","currentModule.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.216.updatedAt","prevModule.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.215.createdAt","prevModule.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.215.updatedAt","nextModule.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.217.createdAt","nextModule.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.217.updatedAt","allModules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.0.createdAt","allModules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.0.updatedAt","allModules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.1.createdAt","allModules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.1.updatedAt","allModules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.2.createdAt","allModules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.2.updatedAt","allModules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.3.createdAt","allModules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.3.updatedAt","allModules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.4.createdAt","allModules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.4.updatedAt","allModules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.5.createdAt","allModules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.5.updatedAt","allModules.6.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.6.createdAt","allModules.6.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.6.updatedAt","allModules.7.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.7.createdAt","allModules.7.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.7.updatedAt","allModules.8.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.8.createdAt","allModules.8.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.8.updatedAt","allModules.9.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.9.createdAt","allModules.9.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.9.updatedAt","allModules.10.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.10.createdAt","allModules.10.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.10.updatedAt","allModules.11.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.11.createdAt","allModules.11.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.11.updatedAt","allModules.12.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.12.createdAt","allModules.12.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.12.updatedAt","allModules.13.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.13.createdAt","allModules.13.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.13.updatedAt","allModules.14.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.14.createdAt","allModules.14.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.14.updatedAt","allModules.15.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.15.createdAt","allModules.15.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.15.updatedAt","allModules.16.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.16.createdAt","allModules.16.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.16.updatedAt","allModules.17.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.17.createdAt","allModules.17.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.17.updatedAt","allModules.18.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.18.createdAt","allModules.18.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.18.updatedAt","allModules.19.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.19.createdAt","allModules.19.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.19.updatedAt","allModules.20.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.20.createdAt","allModules.20.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.20.updatedAt","allModules.21.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.21.createdAt","allModules.21.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.21.updatedAt","allModules.22.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.22.createdAt","allModules.22.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.22.updatedAt","allModules.23.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.23.createdAt","allModules.23.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.23.updatedAt","allModules.24.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.24.createdAt","allModules.24.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.24.updatedAt","allModules.25.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.25.createdAt","allModules.25.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.25.updatedAt","allModules.26.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.26.createdAt","allModules.26.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.26.updatedAt","allModules.27.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.27.createdAt","allModules.27.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.27.updatedAt","allModules.28.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.28.createdAt","allModules.28.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.28.updatedAt","allModules.29.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.29.createdAt","allModules.29.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.29.updatedAt","allModules.30.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.30.createdAt","allModules.30.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.30.updatedAt","allModules.31.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.31.createdAt","allModules.31.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.31.updatedAt","allModules.32.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.32.createdAt","allModules.32.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.32.updatedAt","allModules.33.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.33.createdAt","allModules.33.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.33.updatedAt","allModules.34.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.34.createdAt","allModules.34.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.34.updatedAt","allModules.35.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.35.createdAt","allModules.35.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.35.updatedAt","allModules.36.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.36.createdAt","allModules.36.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.36.updatedAt","allModules.37.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.37.createdAt","allModules.37.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.37.updatedAt","allModules.38.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.38.createdAt","allModules.38.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.38.updatedAt","allModules.39.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.39.createdAt","allModules.39.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.39.updatedAt","allModules.40.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.40.createdAt","allModules.40.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.40.updatedAt","allModules.41.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.41.createdAt","allModules.41.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.41.updatedAt","allModules.42.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.42.createdAt","allModules.42.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.42.updatedAt","allModules.43.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.43.createdAt","allModules.43.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.43.updatedAt","allModules.44.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.44.createdAt","allModules.44.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.44.updatedAt","allModules.45.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.45.createdAt","allModules.45.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.45.updatedAt","allModules.46.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.46.createdAt","allModules.46.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.46.updatedAt","allModules.47.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.47.createdAt","allModules.47.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.47.updatedAt","allModules.48.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.48.createdAt","allModules.48.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.48.updatedAt","allModules.49.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.49.createdAt","allModules.49.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.49.updatedAt","allModules.50.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.50.createdAt","allModules.50.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.50.updatedAt","allModules.51.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.51.createdAt","allModules.51.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.51.updatedAt","allModules.52.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.52.createdAt","allModules.52.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.52.updatedAt","allModules.53.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.53.createdAt","allModules.53.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.53.updatedAt","allModules.54.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.54.createdAt","allModules.54.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.54.updatedAt","allModules.55.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.55.createdAt","allModules.55.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.55.updatedAt","allModules.56.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.56.createdAt","allModules.56.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.56.updatedAt","allModules.57.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.57.createdAt","allModules.57.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.57.updatedAt","allModules.58.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.58.createdAt","allModules.58.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.58.updatedAt","allModules.59.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.59.createdAt","allModules.59.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.59.updatedAt","allModules.60.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.60.createdAt","allModules.60.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.60.updatedAt","allModules.61.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.61.createdAt","allModules.61.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.61.updatedAt","allModules.62.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.62.createdAt","allModules.62.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.62.updatedAt","allModules.63.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.63.createdAt","allModules.63.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.63.updatedAt","allModules.64.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.64.createdAt","allModules.64.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.64.updatedAt","allModules.65.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.65.createdAt","allModules.65.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.65.updatedAt","allModules.66.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.66.createdAt","allModules.66.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.66.updatedAt","allModules.67.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.67.createdAt","allModules.67.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.67.updatedAt","allModules.68.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.68.createdAt","allModules.68.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.68.updatedAt","allModules.69.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.69.createdAt","allModules.69.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.69.updatedAt","allModules.70.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.70.createdAt","allModules.70.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.70.updatedAt","allModules.71.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.71.createdAt","allModules.71.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.71.updatedAt","allModules.72.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.72.createdAt","allModules.72.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.72.updatedAt","allModules.73.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.73.createdAt","allModules.73.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.73.updatedAt","allModules.74.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.74.createdAt","allModules.74.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.74.updatedAt","allModules.75.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.75.createdAt","allModules.75.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.75.updatedAt","allModules.76.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.76.createdAt","allModules.76.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.76.updatedAt","allModules.77.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.77.createdAt","allModules.77.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.77.updatedAt","allModules.78.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.78.createdAt","allModules.78.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.78.updatedAt","allModules.79.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.79.createdAt","allModules.79.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.79.updatedAt","allModules.80.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.80.createdAt","allModules.80.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.80.updatedAt","allModules.81.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.81.createdAt","allModules.81.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.81.updatedAt","allModules.82.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.82.createdAt","allModules.82.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.82.updatedAt","allModules.83.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.83.createdAt","allModules.83.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.83.updatedAt","allModules.84.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.84.createdAt","allModules.84.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.84.updatedAt","allModules.85.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.85.createdAt","allModules.85.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.85.updatedAt","allModules.86.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.86.createdAt","allModules.86.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.86.updatedAt","allModules.87.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.87.createdAt","allModules.87.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.87.updatedAt","allModules.88.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.88.createdAt","allModules.88.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.88.updatedAt","allModules.89.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.89.createdAt","allModules.89.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.89.updatedAt","allModules.90.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.90.createdAt","allModules.90.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.90.updatedAt","allModules.91.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.91.createdAt","allModules.91.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.91.updatedAt","allModules.92.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.92.createdAt","allModules.92.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.92.updatedAt","allModules.93.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.93.createdAt","allModules.93.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.93.updatedAt","allModules.94.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.94.createdAt","allModules.94.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.94.updatedAt","allModules.95.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.95.createdAt","allModules.95.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.95.updatedAt","allModules.96.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.96.createdAt","allModules.96.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.96.updatedAt","allModules.97.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.97.createdAt","allModules.97.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.97.updatedAt","allModules.98.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.98.createdAt","allModules.98.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.98.updatedAt","allModules.99.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.99.createdAt","allModules.99.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.99.updatedAt","allModules.100.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.100.createdAt","allModules.100.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.100.updatedAt","allModules.101.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.101.createdAt","allModules.101.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.101.updatedAt","allModules.102.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.102.createdAt","allModules.102.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.102.updatedAt","allModules.103.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.103.createdAt","allModules.103.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.103.updatedAt","allModules.104.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.104.createdAt","allModules.104.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.104.updatedAt","allModules.105.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.105.createdAt","allModules.105.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.105.updatedAt","allModules.106.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.106.createdAt","allModules.106.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.106.updatedAt","allModules.107.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.107.createdAt","allModules.107.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.107.updatedAt","allModules.108.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.108.createdAt","allModules.108.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.108.updatedAt","allModules.109.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.109.createdAt","allModules.109.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.109.updatedAt","allModules.110.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.110.createdAt","allModules.110.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.110.updatedAt","allModules.111.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.111.createdAt","allModules.111.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.111.updatedAt","allModules.112.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.112.createdAt","allModules.112.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.112.updatedAt","allModules.113.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.113.createdAt","allModules.113.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.113.updatedAt","allModules.114.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.114.createdAt","allModules.114.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.114.updatedAt","allModules.115.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.115.createdAt","allModules.115.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.115.updatedAt","allModules.116.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.116.createdAt","allModules.116.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.116.updatedAt","allModules.117.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.117.createdAt","allModules.117.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.117.updatedAt","allModules.118.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.118.createdAt","allModules.118.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.118.updatedAt","allModules.119.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.119.createdAt","allModules.119.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.119.updatedAt","allModules.120.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.120.createdAt","allModules.120.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.120.updatedAt","allModules.121.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.121.createdAt","allModules.121.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.121.updatedAt","allModules.122.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.122.createdAt","allModules.122.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.122.updatedAt","allModules.123.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.123.createdAt","allModules.123.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.123.updatedAt","allModules.124.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.124.createdAt","allModules.124.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.124.updatedAt","allModules.125.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.125.createdAt","allModules.125.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.125.updatedAt","allModules.126.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.126.createdAt","allModules.126.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.126.updatedAt","allModules.127.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.127.createdAt","allModules.127.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.127.updatedAt","allModules.128.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.128.createdAt","allModules.128.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.128.updatedAt","allModules.129.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.129.createdAt","allModules.129.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.129.updatedAt","allModules.130.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.130.createdAt","allModules.130.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.130.updatedAt","allModules.131.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.131.createdAt","allModules.131.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.131.updatedAt","allModules.132.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.132.createdAt","allModules.132.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.132.updatedAt","allModules.133.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.133.createdAt","allModules.133.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.133.updatedAt","allModules.134.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.134.createdAt","allModules.134.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.134.updatedAt","allModules.135.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.135.createdAt","allModules.135.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.135.updatedAt","allModules.136.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.136.createdAt","allModules.136.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.136.updatedAt","allModules.137.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.137.createdAt","allModules.137.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.137.updatedAt","allModules.138.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.138.createdAt","allModules.138.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.138.updatedAt","allModules.139.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.139.createdAt","allModules.139.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.139.updatedAt","allModules.140.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.140.createdAt","allModules.140.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.140.updatedAt","allModules.141.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.141.createdAt","allModules.141.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.141.updatedAt","allModules.142.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.142.createdAt","allModules.142.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.142.updatedAt","allModules.143.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.143.createdAt","allModules.143.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.143.updatedAt","allModules.144.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.144.createdAt","allModules.144.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.144.updatedAt","allModules.145.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.145.createdAt","allModules.145.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.145.updatedAt","allModules.146.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.146.createdAt","allModules.146.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.146.updatedAt","allModules.147.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.147.createdAt","allModules.147.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.147.updatedAt","allModules.148.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.148.createdAt","allModules.148.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.148.updatedAt","allModules.149.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.149.createdAt","allModules.149.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.149.updatedAt","allModules.150.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.150.createdAt","allModules.150.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.150.updatedAt","allModules.151.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.151.createdAt","allModules.151.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.151.updatedAt","allModules.152.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.152.createdAt","allModules.152.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.152.updatedAt","allModules.153.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.153.createdAt","allModules.153.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.153.updatedAt","allModules.154.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.154.createdAt","allModules.154.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.154.updatedAt","allModules.155.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.155.createdAt","allModules.155.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.155.updatedAt","allModules.156.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.156.createdAt","allModules.156.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.156.updatedAt","allModules.157.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.157.createdAt","allModules.157.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.157.updatedAt","allModules.158.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.158.createdAt","allModules.158.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.158.updatedAt","allModules.159.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.159.createdAt","allModules.159.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.159.updatedAt","allModules.160.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.160.createdAt","allModules.160.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.160.updatedAt","allModules.161.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.161.createdAt","allModules.161.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.161.updatedAt","allModules.162.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.162.createdAt","allModules.162.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.162.updatedAt","allModules.163.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.163.createdAt","allModules.163.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.163.updatedAt","allModules.164.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.164.createdAt","allModules.164.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.164.updatedAt","allModules.165.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.165.createdAt","allModules.165.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.165.updatedAt","allModules.166.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.166.createdAt","allModules.166.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.166.updatedAt","allModules.167.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.167.createdAt","allModules.167.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.167.updatedAt","allModules.168.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.168.createdAt","allModules.168.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.168.updatedAt","allModules.169.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.169.createdAt","allModules.169.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.169.updatedAt","allModules.170.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.170.createdAt","allModules.170.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.170.updatedAt","allModules.171.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.171.createdAt","allModules.171.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.171.updatedAt","allModules.172.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.172.createdAt","allModules.172.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.172.updatedAt","allModules.173.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.173.createdAt","allModules.173.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.173.updatedAt","allModules.174.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.174.createdAt","allModules.174.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.174.updatedAt","allModules.175.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.175.createdAt","allModules.175.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.175.updatedAt","allModules.176.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.176.createdAt","allModules.176.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.176.updatedAt","allModules.177.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.177.createdAt","allModules.177.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.177.updatedAt","allModules.178.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.178.createdAt","allModules.178.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.178.updatedAt","allModules.179.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.179.createdAt","allModules.179.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.179.updatedAt","allModules.180.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.180.createdAt","allModules.180.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.180.updatedAt","allModules.181.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.181.createdAt","allModules.181.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.181.updatedAt","allModules.182.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.182.createdAt","allModules.182.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.182.updatedAt","allModules.183.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.183.createdAt","allModules.183.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.183.updatedAt","allModules.184.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.184.createdAt","allModules.184.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.184.updatedAt","allModules.185.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.185.createdAt","allModules.185.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.185.updatedAt","allModules.186.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.186.createdAt","allModules.186.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.186.updatedAt","allModules.187.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.187.createdAt","allModules.187.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.187.updatedAt","allModules.188.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.188.createdAt","allModules.188.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.188.updatedAt","allModules.189.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.189.createdAt","allModules.189.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.189.updatedAt","allModules.190.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.190.createdAt","allModules.190.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.190.updatedAt","allModules.191.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.191.createdAt","allModules.191.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.191.updatedAt","allModules.192.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.192.createdAt","allModules.192.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.192.updatedAt","allModules.193.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.193.createdAt","allModules.193.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.193.updatedAt","allModules.194.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.194.createdAt","allModules.194.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.194.updatedAt","allModules.195.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.195.createdAt","allModules.195.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.195.updatedAt","allModules.196.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.196.createdAt","allModules.196.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.196.updatedAt","allModules.197.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.197.createdAt","allModules.197.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.197.updatedAt","allModules.198.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.198.createdAt","allModules.198.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.198.updatedAt","allModules.199.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.199.createdAt","allModules.199.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.199.updatedAt","allModules.200.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.200.createdAt","allModules.200.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.200.updatedAt","allModules.201.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.201.createdAt","allModules.201.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.201.updatedAt","allModules.202.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.202.createdAt","allModules.202.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.202.updatedAt","allModules.203.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.203.createdAt","allModules.203.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.203.updatedAt","allModules.204.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.204.createdAt","allModules.204.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.204.updatedAt","allModules.205.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.205.createdAt","allModules.205.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.205.updatedAt","allModules.206.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.206.createdAt","allModules.206.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.206.updatedAt","allModules.207.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.207.createdAt","allModules.207.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.207.updatedAt","allModules.208.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.208.createdAt","allModules.208.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.208.updatedAt","allModules.209.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.209.createdAt","allModules.209.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.209.updatedAt","allModules.210.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.210.createdAt","allModules.210.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.210.updatedAt","allModules.211.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.211.createdAt","allModules.211.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.211.updatedAt","allModules.212.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.212.createdAt","allModules.212.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.212.updatedAt","allModules.213.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.213.createdAt","allModules.213.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.213.updatedAt","allModules.214.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.214.createdAt","allModules.214.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.214.updatedAt","allModules.215.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.215.createdAt","allModules.215.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.215.updatedAt","allModules.216.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.216.createdAt","allModules.216.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.216.updatedAt","allModules.217.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.217.createdAt","allModules.217.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.217.updatedAt","allModules.218.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.218.createdAt","allModules.218.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.218.updatedAt","allModules.219.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.219.createdAt","allModules.219.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.219.updatedAt","allModules.220.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.220.createdAt","allModules.220.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.220.updatedAt","allModules.221.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.221.createdAt","allModules.221.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.221.updatedAt","allModules.222.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.222.createdAt","allModules.222.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.222.updatedAt","allModules.223.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.223.createdAt","allModules.223.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.223.updatedAt","allModules.224.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.224.createdAt","allModules.224.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.224.updatedAt","allModules.225.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.225.createdAt","allModules.225.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.225.updatedAt","allModules.226.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.226.createdAt","allModules.226.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.226.updatedAt","allModules.227.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.227.createdAt","allModules.227.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.227.updatedAt","allModules.228.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.228.createdAt","allModules.228.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.228.updatedAt","allModules.229.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.229.createdAt","allModules.229.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.229.updatedAt","allModules.230.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.230.createdAt","allModules.230.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.230.updatedAt","allModules.231.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.231.createdAt","allModules.231.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.231.updatedAt","allModules.232.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.232.createdAt","allModules.232.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.232.updatedAt","allModules.233.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.233.createdAt","allModules.233.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.233.updatedAt","allModules.234.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.234.createdAt","allModules.234.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.234.updatedAt","allModules.235.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.235.createdAt","allModules.235.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.235.updatedAt"},"referentialEqualities":{"allModules":["path.modules"],"prevModule":["path.modules.215"],"currentModule":["path.modules.216"],"nextModule":["path.modules.217"]},"v":1}},"dataUpdateCount":1,"dataUpdatedAt":1792309663507,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"success","fetchStatus":"idle"},"queryKey":[["learningPaths","getModule"],{"input":{"pathSlug":"operating-systems","contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-communication"},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"learningPaths\",\"getModule\"],{\"input\":{\"contentSlug\":\"distributed-communication\",\"contentType\":\"LEARNING\",\"pathSlug\":\"operating-systems\"},\"type\":\"query\"}]"},{"dehydratedAt":1792309663719,"state":{"data":{"json":{"id":"seed_169fb63a89e0da716006b74e2869fd5d","slug":"distributed-communication","category":"Operating Systems","topic":"Distributed Systems Basics","title":"Communication in Distributed Systems","description":"Master the fundamental communication mechanisms that enable distributed computing. Explore message passing, remote procedure calls, modern protocols like REST and gRPC, socket programming, and message queuing systems that power today's distributed architectures.","difficulty":"ADVANCED","estimatedMinutes":90,"pages":[{"id":"seed_ba9be4dcfa3419bb723ba3f4fe6bf9f2","title":"Message Passing","order":0,"content":[{"id":"opening-hook","title":"The Foundation of Distributed Communication","content":[{"data":{"content":"At the heart of every distributed system lies a deceptively simple question: **How do processes that don't share memory communicate with each other?**\n\nIn a single-machine operating system, processes can share data through shared memory segments, communicate via pipes, or signal each other using kernel-mediated mechanisms. But the moment we cross machine boundaries—the moment we enter the realm of distributed systems—these conveniences vanish. There is no shared memory between machines. There is no kernel that spans multiple hosts. There are only **messages**.\n\nMessage passing is not merely one communication option among many—it is the **foundational primitive** upon which all distributed communication is built. Whether you're making an HTTP request, invoking a remote procedure, publishing to a message queue, or streaming data in real-time, at the fundamental level, you're sending messages across a network."},"type":"text"},{"data":{"icon":"Target","title":"What You Will Learn","content":"By the end of this page, you will understand the foundations of message passing communication: the distinction between synchronous and asynchronous models, message delivery semantics, ordering guarantees, and how these primitives are implemented in real operating systems. You'll see why every distributed protocol, from TCP to gRPC, ultimately reduces to message passing.","variant":"info"},"type":"callout"}]},{"id":"message-passing-paradigm","title":"The Message Passing Paradigm","content":[{"data":{"content":"Message passing represents a fundamental shift from the shared-memory model of communication that dominates single-machine programming. Understanding this paradigm shift is essential for developing correct, efficient, and robust distributed systems.\n\n**The Core Abstraction**\n\nIn the message passing model, processes communicate by explicitly sending and receiving discrete units of data called **messages**. The fundamental operations are remarkably simple:\n\n- **send(destination, message)**: Transmit a message to a specified recipient\n- **receive(source, message)**: Accept a message from a sender (or any sender)\n\nDespite this apparent simplicity, the semantics of these operations hide extraordinary complexity. What happens if the network fails mid-transmission? What if the receiver isn't ready? What if messages arrive out of order? These questions define the challenges of distributed systems."},"type":"text"},{"data":{"rows":[["Communication mechanism","Read/write to shared address space","Explicit send/receive operations"],["Coupling","Tight (processes share state)","Loose (processes share nothing)"],["Synchronization","Implicit (via memory barriers, locks)","Explicit (message exchange patterns)"],["Failure model","Process crash affects shared state","Independent failures, message loss possible"],["Scalability","Limited by shared memory architecture","Scales across network boundaries"],["Latency","Nanoseconds (cache/memory access)","Microseconds to milliseconds (network)"],["Complexity","Race conditions, memory visibility","Partial failures, network partitions"]],"caption":"Message Passing vs. Shared Memory Communication","headers":["Characteristic","Shared Memory","Message Passing"]},"type":"table"},{"data":{"icon":"Info","title":"The Universal Primitive","content":"Every distributed communication mechanism—from raw sockets to high-level RPC frameworks—is built upon message passing. Understanding this foundation allows you to reason about any distributed protocol, debug communication failures, and design systems that gracefully handle the inherent challenges of distributed computing.","variant":"note"},"type":"callout"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":1},{"id":"sync-vs-async","title":"Synchronous vs. Asynchronous Communication","content":[{"data":{"content":"The most fundamental design decision in any message passing system is whether communication is **synchronous** or **asynchronous**. This choice profoundly impacts system design, performance characteristics, and failure handling.\n\n**Synchronous Message Passing**\n\nIn synchronous (or blocking) communication, the sender is blocked until the receiver has accepted the message. This creates a **rendezvous** between the communicating processes:\n\n1. Sender invokes `send()`\n2. Sender blocks, waiting for receiver\n3. Receiver invokes `receive()`\n4. Message is transferred\n5. Both processes continue\n\nSynchronous communication provides **implicit synchronization**—by the time `send()` returns, you know the message has been received. This simplifies reasoning about program correctness but introduces performance bottlenecks when communicating parties operate at different speeds."},"type":"text"},{"data":{"fileName":"synchronous_send.c","languages":[{"code":"// Synchronous message passing pseudocode\n// The sender blocks until receiver accepts the message\n\nvoid sender_process() {\n message_t msg;\n prepare_message(&msg, \"Request data\");\n \n // BLOCKS until receiver calls receive()\n sync_send(RECEIVER_ID, &msg);\n \n // When we reach here, we KNOW receiver got the message\n printf(\"Message delivered and received\n\");\n}\n\nvoid receiver_process() {\n message_t msg;\n \n // BLOCKS until sender calls send()\n sync_receive(SENDER_ID, &msg);\n \n // Both parties synchronized at the handoff point\n process_message(&msg);\n}\n\n// Timeline visualization:\n//\n// Sender: ----[send]----X-----block------X----[continue]---->\n// Receiver: --------[block]------X----[receive]----[process]--->\n// ^\n// Rendezvous point","label":"C (Synchronous)","value":"c"}]},"type":"code"},{"data":{"content":"**Asynchronous Message Passing**\n\nIn asynchronous (or non-blocking) communication, the sender continues immediately after initiating transmission. Messages are buffered somewhere in the system:\n\n1. Sender invokes `send()`, message is copied to a buffer\n2. Sender continues immediately (non-blocking)\n3. System transmits message in the background\n4. Receiver invokes `receive()` and gets buffered message\n\nAsynchronous communication enables **pipeline parallelism**—sender can continue generating messages while previous messages are in flight. However, it introduces complexity: How large should buffers be? What happens when buffers overflow? How do you know a message was successfully delivered?"},"type":"text"},{"data":{"fileName":"asynchronous_send.c","languages":[{"code":"$72","label":"C (Asynchronous)","value":"c"}]},"type":"code"},{"data":{"left":[{"data":{"items":["**Advantage**: Implicit acknowledgment of delivery","**Advantage**: Simpler reasoning about program state","**Advantage**: Natural flow control (fast sender waits for slow receiver)","**Disadvantage**: Sender blocked waiting for receiver","**Disadvantage**: Limits throughput in high-latency environments","**Disadvantage**: Deadlock risk if both parties wait for each other"],"title":{"icon":"CheckCircle","text":"Synchronous Communication","type":"icon","color":"primary","variant":"outline-circle"},"variant":"accent"},"type":"list"}],"right":[{"data":{"items":["**Advantage**: Higher throughput via pipelining","**Advantage**: Sender not blocked by receiver","**Advantage**: Better utilization in high-latency networks","**Disadvantage**: Buffer management complexity","**Disadvantage**: No implicit delivery confirmation","**Disadvantage**: Flow control must be explicit"],"title":{"icon":"Zap","text":"Asynchronous Communication","type":"icon","color":"primary","variant":"outline-circle"},"variant":"accent"},"type":"list"}]},"type":"two-column"},{"data":{"icon":"AlertCircle","title":"The Buffering Question","content":"Asynchronous systems must decide: **Who buffers the message, and how much?** Options include sender-side buffering, receiver-side buffering, or kernel/network buffering. Each choice has implications for memory usage, message delivery guarantees, and system behavior under load. Unbounded buffers consume unlimited memory; bounded buffers can cause senders to block eventually—making them pseudo-synchronous.","variant":"warning"},"type":"callout"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":2},{"id":"delivery-semantics","title":"Message Delivery Semantics","content":[{"data":{"content":"In distributed systems, the network can fail in complex ways: messages may be lost, duplicated, reordered, or corrupted. A critical design decision is defining what **delivery guarantees** the message passing system provides. These semantics profoundly affect both correctness and performance.\n\n**The Fundamental Challenge**\n\nConsider sending a message over an unreliable network:\n1. You send the message\n2. You wait for acknowledgment\n3. Acknowledgment never arrives\n\n**What happened?** Either:\n- The message was lost (never delivered)\n- The message was delivered, but the acknowledgment was lost\n\nFrom the sender's perspective, these are **indistinguishable**. This fundamental ambiguity underlies the famous **Two Generals' Problem** and shapes all message delivery guarantees."},"type":"text"},{"data":{"rows":[["**At-most-once**","Message delivered 0 or 1 time","Lowest - no retries, just send and forget","Metrics, logs, unimportant updates"],["**At-least-once**","Message delivered 1 or more times","Medium - retry until acknowledged","Idempotent operations, database writes with dedup"],["**Exactly-once**","Message delivered exactly 1 time","Highest - requires deduplication + transactions","Financial transactions, critical systems"]],"caption":"Message Delivery Semantics Comparison","headers":["Semantics","Guarantee","Implementation Complexity","Use Cases"]},"type":"table"},{"data":{"content":"**At-Most-Once Delivery**\n\nThe simplest semantics: send the message and don't worry about whether it arrives. No retries, no acknowledgments. If the message is lost, it's lost.\n\n```\nSender: send(msg) → done\nNetwork: might deliver, might drop\nReceiver: might receive, might not\n```\n\nThis is appropriate for non-critical data where occasional loss is acceptable—streaming metrics, logging, or heartbeats where the next update will carry fresh information anyway.\n\n**At-Least-Once Delivery**\n\nRetransmit until acknowledged. This ensures delivery but may cause **duplicates** if the acknowledgment is lost:\n\n1. Sender sends message M\n2. Receiver receives M, processes it\n3. Receiver sends acknowledgment\n4. Acknowledgment lost in network\n5. Sender times out, retransmits M\n6. Receiver receives M again (duplicate!)\n\nApplications using at-least-once delivery must be **idempotent**—processing the same message multiple times must produce the same result as processing it once."},"type":"text"},{"data":{"fileName":"at_least_once.c","languages":[{"code":"$73","label":"C","value":"c"}]},"type":"code"},{"data":{"content":"**Exactly-Once Delivery**\n\nThe holy grail of message passing: ensure each message is delivered and processed **exactly once**. This is fundamentally impossible to achieve using messages alone over an unreliable network (see: Two Generals' Problem), but we can achieve **effective exactly-once semantics** by combining at-least-once delivery with receiver-side deduplication.\n\nThe key insight: **exactly-once delivery is really at-least-once delivery + idempotent processing**.\n\nModern stream processing systems like Apache Kafka achieve exactly-once semantics through:\n1. **Idempotent producers**: Assign unique sequence numbers to each message\n2. **Transactional consumers**: Process messages atomically with offset commits\n3. **Deduplication**: Track processed message IDs to filter duplicates"},"type":"text"},{"data":{"icon":"Lightbulb","title":"Design for Idempotence","content":"When building distributed systems, **assume messages may be delivered multiple times** and design your processing logic to be idempotent. This is more robust than trying to guarantee exactly-once delivery at the transport layer. Operations like 'set X = 5' are naturally idempotent; 'increment X by 1' is not (but can be made so with proper message deduplication).","variant":"tip"},"type":"callout"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":3},{"id":"ordering-guarantees","title":"Message Ordering Guarantees","content":[{"data":{"content":"$74"},"type":"text"},{"data":{"rows":[["**No ordering**","Messages may arrive in any order","Lowest","Raw UDP, basic message queues"],["**FIFO ordering**","Per-sender order preserved","Low","Sequence numbers per channel"],["**Causal ordering**","Causally related messages ordered","Medium","Vector clocks or similar"],["**Total ordering**","All messages delivered in same global order","High","Centralized sequencer or consensus"]],"caption":"Message Ordering Guarantees","headers":["Ordering Type","Guarantee","Overhead","Implementation"]},"type":"table"},{"data":{"fileName":"fifo_ordering.c","languages":[{"code":"$75","label":"C","value":"c"}]},"type":"code"},{"data":{"content":"**Total Ordering**\n\nThe strongest guarantee: all receivers see all messages in exactly the same order. This is essential for replicated state machines—if all replicas process the same messages in the same order, they maintain identical state.\n\nAchieving total ordering requires **coordination**, typically through:\n- **Centralized sequencer**: A single node assigns sequence numbers to all messages. Simple but creates a single point of failure.\n- **Distributed consensus**: Protocols like Paxos or Raft agree on message ordering. More complex but fault-tolerant.\n\nThe cost of total ordering is significant: it typically requires network round-trips proportional to the number of participants, limiting throughput and increasing latency."},"type":"text"},{"data":{"icon":"AlertCircle","title":"The CAP Trade-off","content":"Strong ordering guarantees (especially total ordering) conflict with availability and partition tolerance. During a network partition, you cannot provide total ordering without blocking—some messages simply cannot be ordered relative to others until the partition heals. This is one manifestation of the CAP theorem: you cannot have strong Consistency, Availability, and Partition tolerance simultaneously.","variant":"warning"},"type":"callout"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":4},{"id":"implementation-system-calls","title":"Implementation: System Calls and Kernels","content":[{"data":{"content":"$76"},"type":"text"},{"data":{"fileName":"socket_message_passing.c","languages":[{"code":"$77","label":"C (UDP)","value":"c"}]},"type":"code"},{"data":{"content":"**Local Inter-Process Communication**\n\nFor processes on the same machine, operating systems provide optimized message passing mechanisms:\n\n- **Unix domain sockets**: Socket interface for local communication, avoiding network stack overhead.\n- **Message queues (POSIX)**: Kernel-managed message queues with priority support.\n- **Pipes and FIFOs**: Simple unidirectional byte streams.\n- **Loopback network**: TCP/UDP to 127.0.0.1, uses socket API but kernel shortcuts actual network hardware."},"type":"text"},{"data":{"fileName":"posix_message_queue.c","languages":[{"code":"$78","label":"C (POSIX MQ)","value":"c"}]},"type":"code"},{"data":{"icon":"Zap","title":"Zero-Copy Optimization","content":"Traditional message passing requires copying data: application → kernel → network. Modern systems employ **zero-copy** techniques: the kernel directly maps application buffers for DMA (Direct Memory Access) by the network card. Linux's sendfile(), splice(), and io_uring enable this. For high-throughput systems, avoiding copies is essential—a single copy at 100 Gbps costs significant CPU time.","variant":"note"},"type":"callout"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":5},{"id":"message-passing-practice","title":"Message Passing in Practice","content":[{"data":{"content":"Understanding the theoretical foundations prepares us for real-world application. Let's examine how message passing principles manifest in production systems.\n\n**Case Study: Microservices Communication**\n\nModern microservice architectures are fundamentally message passing systems. Services communicate via:\n\n1. **HTTP/REST**: Request-response message passing over TCP. Synchronous by nature (client waits for response).\n\n2. **Message queues (Kafka, RabbitMQ)**: Asynchronous message passing with persistence. Enables decoupling and reliable delivery.\n\n3. **gRPC**: Binary message passing with strong typing. Can be synchronous, streaming, or unary.\n\nEach choice reflects trade-offs between the properties we've discussed: synchrony, delivery semantics, and ordering."},"type":"text"},{"data":{"rows":[["HTTP/REST","Synchronous","Application-level","Request-response","APIs, web services"],["TCP sockets","Both","At-least-once (ACK)","FIFO per connection","Custom protocols"],["UDP sockets","Asynchronous","At-most-once","None","Streaming, gaming, DNS"],["Apache Kafka","Asynchronous","At-least-once","Per-partition FIFO","Event streaming"],["RabbitMQ","Asynchronous","Configurable","FIFO per queue","Task queues, RPC"],["ZeroMQ","Both","Configurable","Per-socket","High-performance messaging"]],"caption":"Message Passing in Common Technologies","headers":["Technology","Sync/Async","Delivery","Ordering","Use Case"]},"type":"table"},{"data":{"content":"**Failure Handling Patterns**\n\nReal systems must handle the failures inherent in message passing:\n\n**Retry with exponential backoff**: When a send fails, retry with increasing delays (1s, 2s, 4s, 8s...). Prevents overwhelming a struggling system.\n\n**Dead letter queues**: Messages that can't be delivered after N retries go to a special queue for manual inspection.\n\n**Circuit breakers**: After repeated failures, stop trying to send to a destination for a cooling-off period.\n\n**Idempotency keys**: Include unique identifiers in messages so receivers can deduplicate safely."},"type":"text"},{"data":{"fileName":"resilient_send.py","languages":[{"code":"$79","label":"Python","value":"python"}]},"type":"code"},{"data":{"icon":"Lightbulb","title":"The Importance of Timeouts","content":"Every message operation needs a timeout. Without timeouts, a sender waiting for acknowledgment that never comes will wait forever. Set timeouts based on expected latency plus safety margin. Make them configurable—what works in a data center (10ms) fails across continents (100ms+).","variant":"tip"},"type":"callout"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":6},{"id":"advanced-topics","title":"Advanced Topics: Multicast and Group Communication","content":[{"data":{"content":"$7a"},"type":"text"},{"data":{"fileName":"reliable_multicast.py","languages":[{"code":"$7b","label":"Python","value":"python"}]},"type":"code"},{"data":{"content":"**IP Multicast vs. Application-Level Multicast**\n\nIP Multicast uses special network addresses (224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255) where routers duplicate packets to all subscribers. It's efficient but:\n- Not reliably supported across the internet\n- Provides at-most-once, unordered delivery\n- Requires router support at every hop\n\nApplication-level multicast builds multicast on top of unicast TCP/UDP connections. Less efficient (sender transmits N times instead of once) but works anywhere and can implement stronger guarantees."},"type":"text"},{"data":{"icon":"Info","title":"Virtual Synchrony","content":"The virtual synchrony model guarantees that all group members see the same sequence of messages and membership changes. If a member crashes, all surviving members agree on which messages the crashed member received. This is crucial for consistent replication and is implemented by systems like Isis2, Spread, and JGroups.","variant":"note"},"type":"callout"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":7},{"id":"summary-message-passing","title":"Summary: Message Passing Foundations","content":[{"data":{"content":"Message passing is the universal primitive underlying all distributed communication. Mastering its foundations enables you to understand, design, and debug any distributed system."},"type":"text"},{"data":{"type":"ordered","items":["**Message passing is the foundation** — All distributed communication, from raw sockets to high-level RPC, is built on sending and receiving discrete messages.","**Synchronous vs. asynchronous** — Synchronous provides implicit synchronization but blocks; asynchronous enables pipelining but requires buffer management.","**Delivery semantics matter** — At-most-once (lossy), at-least-once (may duplicate), and exactly-once (requires deduplication) serve different use cases.","**Ordering requires coordination** — FIFO ordering per sender is cheap; total ordering across all senders requires consensus or centralized sequencing.","**The kernel provides primitives** — Sockets, message queues, and pipes are OS-provided building blocks for message passing.","**Design for failure** — Retries, timeouts, circuit breakers, and idempotency are essential for robust distributed systems.","**Multicast adds complexity** — Reliable group communication requires coordination beyond simple unicast patterns."],"title":{"icon":"CheckCircle","text":"Key Takeaways","type":"icon","color":"primary","variant":"outline-circle"},"variant":"accent"},"type":"list"},{"data":{"content":"**What's Next:**\n\nWith message passing foundations established, we'll explore **Remote Procedure Calls (RPC)**—an abstraction that makes distributed communication look like local function calls. You'll see how RPC builds on message passing while hiding much of its complexity behind a familiar programming model."},"type":"text"},{"data":{"icon":"CheckCircle","title":"Page Complete","content":"You now understand the fundamental paradigm of message passing in distributed systems. From synchronous rendezvous to asynchronous queuing, from delivery semantics to ordering guarantees, you have the conceptual foundation to analyze and design distributed communication systems.","variant":"success"},"type":"callout"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":8}],"isLocked":false},{"id":"seed_6153257929bfc499b851b1ff02d47af1","title":"Remote Procedure Calls (RPC)","order":1,"content":null,"isLocked":true},{"id":"seed_c8047f9b84ae558714f33217be309b80","title":"REST and gRPC","order":2,"content":null,"isLocked":true},{"id":"seed_3bc83501c40c1d8a219ba84acf9e9a17","title":"Sockets","order":3,"content":null,"isLocked":true},{"id":"seed_f6b45b40031e7aa0d1895b6b68b0b57b","title":"Message Queues","order":4,"content":null,"isLocked":true}]}},"dataUpdateCount":1,"dataUpdatedAt":1792309663643,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"success","fetchStatus":"idle"},"queryKey":[["learningContent","getModule"],{"input":{"slug":"distributed-communication"},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"learningContent\",\"getModule\"],{\"input\":{\"slug\":\"distributed-communication\"},\"type\":\"query\"}]"},{"dehydratedAt":1792309663720,"state":{"data":{"json":null},"dataUpdateCount":1,"dataUpdatedAt":1792309663644,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"success","fetchStatus":"idle"},"queryKey":[["learningContent","getProgress"],{"input":{"moduleId":"seed_169fb63a89e0da716006b74e2869fd5d"},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"learningContent\",\"getProgress\"],{\"input\":{\"moduleId\":\"seed_169fb63a89e0da716006b74e2869fd5d\"},\"type\":\"query\"}]"},{"dehydratedAt":1792309663720,"state":{"data":{"json":null},"dataUpdateCount":1,"dataUpdatedAt":1792309663644,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"success","fetchStatus":"idle"},"queryKey":[["feedback","get"],{"input":{"contentType":"LEARNING_PAGE","contentId":"seed_f6b45b40031e7aa0d1895b6b68b0b57b"},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"feedback\",\"get\"],{\"input\":{\"contentId\":\"seed_f6b45b40031e7aa0d1895b6b68b0b57b\",\"contentType\":\"LEARNING_PAGE\"},\"type\":\"query\"}]"},{"dehydratedAt":1792309663720,"state":{"data":{"json":null},"dataUpdateCount":1,"dataUpdatedAt":1792309663644,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"success","fetchStatus":"idle"},"queryKey":[["feedback","getUserLike"],{"input":{"contentType":"LEARNING_PAGE","contentId":"seed_f6b45b40031e7aa0d1895b6b68b0b57b"},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"feedback\",\"getUserLike\"],{\"input\":{\"contentId\":\"seed_f6b45b40031e7aa0d1895b6b68b0b57b\",\"contentType\":\"LEARNING_PAGE\"},\"type\":\"query\"}]"},{"dehydratedAt":1792309663720,"state":{"data":{"json":[]},"dataUpdateCount":1,"dataUpdatedAt":1792309663644,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"success","fetchStatus":"idle"},"queryKey":[["highlights","getHighlights"],{"input":{"contentType":"LEARNING_PAGE","contentId":"seed_f6b45b40031e7aa0d1895b6b68b0b57b"},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"highlights\",\"getHighlights\"],{\"input\":{\"contentId\":\"seed_f6b45b40031e7aa0d1895b6b68b0b57b\",\"contentType\":\"LEARNING_PAGE\"},\"type\":\"query\"}]"},{"dehydratedAt":1792309663720,"state":{"data":"$undefined","dataUpdateCount":0,"dataUpdatedAt":0,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"pending","fetchStatus":"fetching"},"queryKey":[["highlights","getPopularHighlights"],{"input":{"contentType":"LEARNING_PAGE","contentId":"seed_f6b45b40031e7aa0d1895b6b68b0b57b","minCount":2},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"highlights\",\"getPopularHighlights\"],{\"input\":{\"contentId\":\"seed_f6b45b40031e7aa0d1895b6b68b0b57b\",\"contentType\":\"LEARNING_PAGE\",\"minCount\":2},\"type\":\"query\"}]","promise":"$@7c"}]},"children":"$L7d"}]