46:"/_next/static/chunks/2g8w-80ml0qgh.js" 47:"/_next/static/chunks/0iv56yrji_20j.js" 48:"/_next/static/chunks/26v-2o8eqscfn.js" 49:"/_next/static/chunks/0lc44eilyyvky.js" 4a:"/_next/static/chunks/1jl6tco-uuy-j.js" 4b:"/_next/static/chunks/1ot1rbfa0d_n4.js" 4c:"/_next/static/chunks/3n7h0f3nk8y8p.js" 4d:"/_next/static/chunks/3k2gyg36fnag_.js" 4e:"/_next/static/chunks/3m0r7x0jt5wm7.js" 4f:"/_next/static/chunks/2fohwszm1xz1m.js" 50:"/_next/static/chunks/3bgoyiso1rhn7.js" 51:"/_next/static/chunks/19bc9syhv3w28.js" 52:"/_next/static/chunks/0wa9m1-tphf9u.js" 53:"/_next/static/chunks/0m2d8jznc9t02.js" 54:"/_next/static/chunks/1xu72k8i0p_ma.js" 55:"/_next/static/chunks/2a1rt036gjwtj.js" 56:"/_next/static/chunks/1s05-oinjbm85.js" 57:"/_next/static/chunks/20k3408cq3fwt.js" 58:"/_next/static/chunks/1_lo_qve3gu86.js" 59:"/_next/static/chunks/3di53f0fz7pw_.js" 5a:"/_next/static/chunks/3m1xjj5kw5fie.js" 5b:"/_next/static/chunks/0so1i35v7xcta.js" 5c:"/_next/static/chunks/082jo-0ajazgr.js" 5d:"/_next/static/chunks/0-a64pg0hn7g7.js" 5e:"/_next/static/chunks/09nq57stwzkgf.js" 5f:"/_next/static/chunks/20329i6m_04t6.js" 60:"/_next/static/chunks/0i3-eynrkvqi7.js" 61:"/_next/static/chunks/0oag6lffx7d01.js" 62:"/_next/static/chunks/1nyz-fz1mk3y6.js" 63:"/_next/static/chunks/1dl4k5870muic.js" 64:"/_next/static/chunks/2ozcrjb_hh74t.js" 65:"/_next/static/chunks/18ggtgz2yf759.js" 66:"/_next/static/chunks/1tn-0fivsxsv1.js" 67:"/_next/static/chunks/0hlb44ca7-4a2.js" 68:"/_next/static/chunks/1ch_-e7_eco00.js" 69:"/_next/static/chunks/40mq7ggq-ozo4.js" 6a:"/_next/static/chunks/2112y_x317i7a.js" 6b:"/_next/static/chunks/2k8pepwc4pxns.js" 6c:"/_next/static/chunks/2hr13i-t0krnb.js" 6d:"/_next/static/chunks/0hy4a31wjpabs.js" 6e:"/_next/static/chunks/2mw79vtbi206x.js" 6f:"/_next/static/chunks/253gnmj0-cj17.js" 70:I[593304,["$2c","$2d","$2e","$2f","$30","$31","$46","$47","$48","$49","$4a","$4b","$4c","$4d","$4e","$4f","$50","$51","$52","$53","$54","$55","$56","$57","$58","$59","$5a","$5b","$5c","$5d","$5e","$5f","$60","$61","$62","$63","$64","$65","$66","$67","$68","$69","$6a","$6b","$6c","$6d","$6e","$6f"],"OwnedHydration"] 71:T76a,#include #include // Page size constants #define PAGE_SIZE_4KB (1UL << 12) // 4096 bytes #define PAGE_SIZE_2MB (1UL << 21) // 2,097,152 bytes #define PAGE_SIZE_1GB (1UL << 30) // 1,073,741,824 bytes // Mask generators #define PAGE_OFFSET_MASK(page_size) ((page_size) - 1) #define PAGE_NUMBER_MASK(page_size) (~PAGE_OFFSET_MASK(page_size)) /** * Decompose a virtual address into page number and offset * for different page sizes */ void decompose_address(uintptr_t virtual_addr) { printf("Virtual Address: 0x%016lx ", virtual_addr); printf("=".repeat(50)); // 4KB page decomposition uintptr_t vpn_4kb = virtual_addr >> 12; uintptr_t offset_4kb = virtual_addr & PAGE_OFFSET_MASK(PAGE_SIZE_4KB); printf("4KB Page: VPN = 0x%013lx, Offset = 0x%03lx (%lu bytes) ", vpn_4kb, offset_4kb, offset_4kb); // 2MB page decomposition uintptr_t vpn_2mb = virtual_addr >> 21; uintptr_t offset_2mb = virtual_addr & PAGE_OFFSET_MASK(PAGE_SIZE_2MB); printf("2MB Page: VPN = 0x%010lx, Offset = 0x%06lx (%lu bytes) ", vpn_2mb, offset_2mb, offset_2mb); // 1GB page decomposition uintptr_t vpn_1gb = virtual_addr >> 30; uintptr_t offset_1gb = virtual_addr & PAGE_OFFSET_MASK(PAGE_SIZE_1GB); printf("1GB Page: VPN = 0x%08lx, Offset = 0x%09lx (%lu bytes) ", vpn_1gb, offset_1gb, offset_1gb); } int main() { // Example: Address within a typical heap region uintptr_t test_addr = 0x7f1234567890UL; decompose_address(test_addr); return 0; } /* * Output: * Virtual Address: 0x00007f1234567890 * ================================================== * 4KB Page: VPN = 0x0007f12345678, Offset = 0x890 (2192 bytes) * 2MB Page: VPN = 0x0003f891a2, Offset = 0x167890 (1472656 bytes) * 1GB Page: VPN = 0x000001fc, Offset = 0x034567890 (878082192 bytes) */72:T9b8,#!/usr/bin/env python3 """ Calculate page table overhead for different page sizes This demonstrates the dramatic impact of page size on memory management overhead """ def calculate_page_table_overhead(ram_bytes: int, page_size: int, pte_size: int = 8): """ Calculate page table overhead for a given memory size and page size. Args: ram_bytes: Total RAM in bytes page_size: Page size in bytes pte_size: Page table entry size (default 8 bytes for 64-bit) Returns: Dictionary with overhead statistics """ num_pages = ram_bytes // page_size pte_overhead = num_pages * pte_size overhead_percentage = (pte_overhead / ram_bytes) * 100 return { 'num_pages': num_pages, 'pte_overhead_bytes': pte_overhead, 'pte_overhead_mb': pte_overhead / (1024 ** 2), 'overhead_percentage': overhead_percentage, } def format_size(bytes_val): """Format bytes as human-readable string""" for unit in ['B', 'KB', 'MB', 'GB', 'TB']: if bytes_val < 1024: return f"{bytes_val:.2f} {unit}" bytes_val /= 1024 return f"{bytes_val:.2f} PB" # System configurations to analyze RAM_SIZES = [ ("Developer Workstation", 32 * 2**30), # 32 GB ("Application Server", 128 * 2**30), # 128 GB ("Database Server", 512 * 2**30), # 512 GB ("In-Memory Analytics", 1 * 2**40), # 1 TB ("Large-Scale NUMA", 4 * 2**40), # 4 TB ] PAGE_SIZES = [ ("4KB (Standard)", 4 * 2**10), ("2MB (Huge)", 2 * 2**20), ("1GB (Giant)", 1 * 2**30), ] print("=" * 100) print("PAGE TABLE OVERHEAD ANALYSIS") print("=" * 100) for system_name, ram in RAM_SIZES: print(f" {'─' * 100}") print(f"System: {system_name} ({format_size(ram)} RAM)") print(f"{'─' * 100}") print(f"{'Page Size':<20} {'Page Count':>20} {'PTE Overhead':>20} {'% of RAM':>15}") print(f"{'─' * 20} {'─' * 20} {'─' * 20} {'─' * 15}") for page_name, page_size in PAGE_SIZES: stats = calculate_page_table_overhead(ram, page_size) print(f"{page_name:<20} {stats['num_pages']:>20,} " f"{format_size(stats['pte_overhead_bytes']):>20} " f"{stats['overhead_percentage']:>14.6f}%") print(" " + "=" * 100) print("KEY INSIGHT: With 4KB pages, a 4TB system needs 8GB just for page table entries!") print("With 2MB pages, this drops to 16MB. With 1GB pages, just 32KB.") print("=" * 100)73:T1253,/* * x86-64 Page Table Structure and Walk Comparison * This illustrates how huge pages reduce translation overhead */ #include // Page table entry flags #define PTE_PRESENT (1UL << 0) // Page is present in memory #define PTE_WRITABLE (1UL << 1) // Page is writable #define PTE_USER (1UL << 2) // User-accessible #define PTE_PS (1UL << 7) // Page Size (huge page flag) #define PTE_GLOBAL (1UL << 8) // Global page (survives TLB flush) #define PTE_NX (1UL << 63) // No-execute // Address extraction masks for 64-bit addresses #define PML4_INDEX(va) (((va) >> 39) & 0x1FF) // Bits 47:39 #define PDPT_INDEX(va) (((va) >> 30) & 0x1FF) // Bits 38:30 #define PD_INDEX(va) (((va) >> 21) & 0x1FF) // Bits 29:21 #define PT_INDEX(va) (((va) >> 12) & 0x1FF) // Bits 20:12 // Offset extraction for different page sizes #define OFFSET_4KB(va) ((va) & 0xFFF) // Bits 11:0 (12 bits) #define OFFSET_2MB(va) ((va) & 0x1FFFFF) // Bits 20:0 (21 bits) #define OFFSET_1GB(va) ((va) & 0x3FFFFFFF) // Bits 29:0 (30 bits) // Physical address extraction from PTE (bits 51:12) #define PTE_TO_PHYS(pte) ((pte) & 0x000FFFFFFFFFF000UL) /** * Translate virtual address with 4KB pages * Requires FOUR memory accesses for page table walk */ uint64_t translate_4kb_page(uint64_t cr3, uint64_t va, uint64_t *memory) { // Level 4: PML4 uint64_t *pml4 = (uint64_t *)PTE_TO_PHYS(cr3); uint64_t pml4e = pml4[PML4_INDEX(va)]; // Memory Access #1 if (!(pml4e & PTE_PRESENT)) return 0; // Level 3: PDPT uint64_t *pdpt = (uint64_t *)PTE_TO_PHYS(pml4e); uint64_t pdpte = pdpt[PDPT_INDEX(va)]; // Memory Access #2 if (!(pdpte & PTE_PRESENT)) return 0; // Level 2: PD uint64_t *pd = (uint64_t *)PTE_TO_PHYS(pdpte); uint64_t pde = pd[PD_INDEX(va)]; // Memory Access #3 if (!(pde & PTE_PRESENT)) return 0; // Level 1: PT uint64_t *pt = (uint64_t *)PTE_TO_PHYS(pde); uint64_t pte = pt[PT_INDEX(va)]; // Memory Access #4 if (!(pte & PTE_PRESENT)) return 0; // Combine frame address with offset return PTE_TO_PHYS(pte) | OFFSET_4KB(va); } /** * Translate virtual address with 2MB huge pages * Requires only THREE memory accesses - walk terminates at PD level */ uint64_t translate_2mb_page(uint64_t cr3, uint64_t va, uint64_t *memory) { // Level 4: PML4 uint64_t *pml4 = (uint64_t *)PTE_TO_PHYS(cr3); uint64_t pml4e = pml4[PML4_INDEX(va)]; // Memory Access #1 if (!(pml4e & PTE_PRESENT)) return 0; // Level 3: PDPT uint64_t *pdpt = (uint64_t *)PTE_TO_PHYS(pml4e); uint64_t pdpte = pdpt[PDPT_INDEX(va)]; // Memory Access #2 if (!(pdpte & PTE_PRESENT)) return 0; // Level 2: PD - Check PS bit for 2MB page uint64_t *pd = (uint64_t *)PTE_TO_PHYS(pdpte); uint64_t pde = pd[PD_INDEX(va)]; // Memory Access #3 if (!(pde & PTE_PRESENT)) return 0; // PS bit set means this is a 2MB page - walk terminates here if (pde & PTE_PS) { // Combine 2MB frame address with 21-bit offset return (PTE_TO_PHYS(pde) & ~0x1FFFFFUL) | OFFSET_2MB(va); } // PS bit not set - this is actually a 4KB page, need PT level // (This shouldn't happen for properly configured huge pages) return 0; } /** * Translate virtual address with 1GB giant pages * Requires only TWO memory accesses - walk terminates at PDPT level */ uint64_t translate_1gb_page(uint64_t cr3, uint64_t va, uint64_t *memory) { // Level 4: PML4 uint64_t *pml4 = (uint64_t *)PTE_TO_PHYS(cr3); uint64_t pml4e = pml4[PML4_INDEX(va)]; // Memory Access #1 if (!(pml4e & PTE_PRESENT)) return 0; // Level 3: PDPT - Check PS bit for 1GB page uint64_t *pdpt = (uint64_t *)PTE_TO_PHYS(pml4e); uint64_t pdpte = pdpt[PDPT_INDEX(va)]; // Memory Access #2 if (!(pdpte & PTE_PRESENT)) return 0; // PS bit set means this is a 1GB page - walk terminates here if (pdpte & PTE_PS) { // Combine 1GB frame address with 30-bit offset return (PTE_TO_PHYS(pdpte) & ~0x3FFFFFFFUL) | OFFSET_1GB(va); } // PS bit not set - need to continue walk for smaller pages return 0; } /* * Summary of Memory Accesses Required: * * 4KB Page: 4 memory accesses (PML4 → PDPT → PD → PT) * 2MB Page: 3 memory accesses (PML4 → PDPT → PD) * 1GB Page: 2 memory accesses (PML4 → PDPT) * * On a TLB miss, this difference can be 100+ CPU cycles per access! * With memory-bound workloads doing billions of accesses, * the cumulative savings are enormous. */74:Te37,#include #include #include #define PAGE_4KB (1UL << 12) // 4096 #define PAGE_2MB (1UL << 21) // 2097152 #define PAGE_1GB (1UL << 30) // 1073741824 /** * Check if address is properly aligned for given page size */ bool is_aligned(uintptr_t addr, size_t page_size) { return (addr & (page_size - 1)) == 0; } /** * Round up address to next aligned boundary */ uintptr_t align_up(uintptr_t addr, size_t page_size) { return (addr + page_size - 1) & ~(page_size - 1); } /** * Round down address to previous aligned boundary */ uintptr_t align_down(uintptr_t addr, size_t page_size) { return addr & ~(page_size - 1); } /** * Calculate potential waste when aligning allocation */ size_t alignment_waste(uintptr_t start, size_t size, size_t page_size) { uintptr_t aligned_start = align_up(start, page_size); // Waste from aligning the start size_t start_waste = aligned_start - start; // Waste from rounding size up to page boundary size_t aligned_size = align_up(size, page_size); size_t size_waste = aligned_size - size; return start_waste + size_waste; } void analyze_region(uintptr_t start, size_t length) { printf(" Analyzing region: 0x%lx - 0x%lx (%.2f MB) ", start, start + length, length / (1024.0 * 1024.0)); printf("─".repeat(60)); struct { const char *name; size_t page_size; } page_types[] = { {"4KB pages", PAGE_4KB}, {"2MB pages", PAGE_2MB}, {"1GB pages", PAGE_1GB}, }; for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { size_t ps = page_types[i].page_size; uintptr_t aligned_start = align_up(start, ps); uintptr_t aligned_end = align_down(start + length, ps); if (aligned_end > aligned_start) { size_t usable = aligned_end - aligned_start; size_t num_pages = usable / ps; double efficiency = (usable * 100.0) / length; printf("%-12s: %6zu pages, Usable: %.2f MB (%.1f%% efficient) ", page_types[i].name, num_pages, usable / (1024.0 * 1024.0), efficiency); } else { printf("%-12s: Region too small/misaligned for this page size ", page_types[i].name); } } } int main() { // Simulate analyzing physical memory regions // Well-aligned 1GB region analyze_region(0x40000000UL, 1UL << 30); // Misaligned region (common after fragmentation) analyze_region(0x40100000UL, 500UL * 1024 * 1024); // Small region that can't use huge pages analyze_region(0x55555000UL, 8 * 1024 * 1024); return 0; } /* * Example Output: * * Analyzing region: 0x40000000 - 0x80000000 (1024.00 MB) * ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── * 4KB pages : 262144 pages, Usable: 1024.00 MB (100.0% efficient) * 2MB pages : 512 pages, Usable: 1024.00 MB (100.0% efficient) * 1GB pages : 1 pages, Usable: 1024.00 MB (100.0% efficient) * * Analyzing region: 0x40100000 - 0x5f500000 (500.00 MB) * ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── * 4KB pages : 128000 pages, Usable: 500.00 MB (100.0% efficient) * 2MB pages : 249 pages, Usable: 498.00 MB (99.6% efficient) * 1GB pages : Region too small/misaligned for this page size */45:["$","$L70",null,{"owner":"anonymous","state":{"mutations":[],"queries":[{"dehydratedAt":1792282199648,"state":{"data":{"json":{"archivedAt":null,"id":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","slug":"operating-systems","title":"Operating Systems","description":"Master Operating Systems from fundamentals to advanced concepts. This comprehensive path covers processes, threads, memory management, file systems, I/O, virtualization, and distributed systems with 47 chapters and 1201+ pages.","image":null,"color":"#EF4444","keyTopics":["Process Management","Thread Synchronization","Memory Management","Virtual Memory","File Systems","I/O Systems","Virtualization","Distributed Systems"],"estimatedHours":196.8,"problemCount":0,"visualizerCount":0,"quizCount":0,"learningCount":236,"difficulty":"INTERMEDIATE","idealFor":["Computer Science students","Systems programmers","Backend engineers","Anyone preparing for systems interviews"],"prerequisites":["Basic programming (C preferred)","Understanding of computer architecture","Basic data structures knowledge"],"skillsGained":["Process and thread management","Synchronization primitives","Memory management techniques","File system design","System call implementation","Performance optimization"],"outcomes":["Understand OS internals deeply","Debug systems-level issues","Design concurrent programs","Optimize system performance","Prepare for systems interviews","Build OS components"],"overview":"This comprehensive learning path takes you from OS fundamentals to advanced systems concepts, preparing you for systems programming and interviews.\n\n**What you'll learn:**\n• OS History and Evolution\n• Process management and scheduling\n• Thread synchronization and concurrency\n• Memory management and virtual memory\n• File systems and storage\n• I/O systems and device drivers\n• Virtualization and containers\n• Distributed systems concepts\n• Security and protection\n• Modern OS topics\n\nEach topic includes detailed explanations with practical examples.","createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.111Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:34.121Z","modules":[{"id":"seed_0989bba9c801e30c2f8d8fbcccc160fb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"What Is an Operating System?","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"what-is-an-operating-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_b0818c91ff08af47baa34eb62858f66c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"History of Operating Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"history-of-operating-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_2ccef563a867bb7804728aac2ec8898b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Types of Operating Systems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"types-of-operating-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_837ca9e393dfaed490f4c2ab1d0c7b9b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Operating System Services","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"operating-system-services","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_e450fe77a88991a07a3d5c98dbc9e1c9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Operating System Structure","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"operating-system-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_bfc441947857a25112da5292201b9944","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Design Goals and Tradeoffs in Operating Systems","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"design-goals-and-tradeoffs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_86da1ea83ce7927e2a15080b95fef560","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"von Neumann Architecture","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"von-neumann-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_468b82c6119325a617edc0f311cbe3f3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"CPU Execution Modes","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cpu-execution-modes","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_45eef80b7025070c0c4404de5a533b71","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"Memory Hierarchy: From Registers to Disk","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-hierarchy","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_980787327dac546179c8d7ab893f8e4d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"Interrupts and Exceptions","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"interrupts-and-exceptions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_f6e1083fa8c58d5bd8c75a27d235251e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"I/O Architecture: How the CPU Communicates with the World","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_d0557b0f349b5f70f81e2748910e3005","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"Cache Coherence and Memory Consistency","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cache-coherence","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_a81fd6898d35ccf59a1cbaaca8e8a659","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Monolithic Kernels: The Traditional OS Architecture","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"monolithic-kernels","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2e766749fc8e4bec70ebefe52f4f3e43","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Microkernel Architecture","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"microkernel-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e072f947c9ab98b98e7e0762b2084ce6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Hybrid Kernels","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hybrid-kernels","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ecc734779008ee009eb0a4ffbc502498","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Loadable Kernel Modules","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"loadable-kernel-modules","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9d115c9f3ae3b4f29f09606f3eff588f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Boot Process","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"boot-process","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_82148746a8bc2509227f2483fa9e58cd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Virtual Machines","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtual-machines","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b7f231e822013edf953a1f54b39cdd64","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"System Call Mechanism","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"system-call-mechanism","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1f5af05d88b718fb8bad812f1c507b13","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"System Call Types","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"system-call-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_0ff105e065cd1375b969a854613682f1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"POSIX Interface: The Portable Operating System Standard","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"posix-interface","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_80f17dc5d70a0bae02aa38ac830d5dae","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"Windows API","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"windows-api","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4b4dbf12032d712927f668a6e1fc3d0b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"Library Functions vs System Calls","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"library-functions-vs-system-calls","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9021890711dd458837c4f54fbd4973c5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls Api","sectionOrder":5,"title":"System Call Implementation","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"system-call-implementation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_077f486143700610ae3fc15ec7dca0d2","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process Definition","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-definition","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d60354496ce5346a5f33ab1e9b4b67ba","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process Control Block (PCB)","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-control-block","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_932edb67e048a2aa3949ccad1c000032","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process States","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-states","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8b6f755f9699c9ea81bb12f165930890","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process State Transitions","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"state-transitions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4edfc277c91ec64c1fe2524c3a10dff7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process Queues: Managing System Resources","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-queues","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_c548e97a99451cf65520d1c3ca157603","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Context Switching: The Heart of Multitasking","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"context-switching","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d3b0ef17f2731b131288d4e78876410b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"Process Creation","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-creation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_188e252485047268d55ce1e8d6010d59","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"The fork() System Call","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fork-system-call","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_67342be312dd695308c4d12f84ebfbc3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"The exec() Family of System Calls","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"exec-family","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_57250ecb2cb222d18431a0df69ea7d38","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"Process Termination","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-termination","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_07a7906e50bf512fc33e1f702cd10a6d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"Orphans and Zombies: Handling Parent-Child Process Anomalies","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"orphans-and-zombies","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4d33225e45483b73ca9b58a507cf087b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation Termination","sectionOrder":8,"title":"wait() and waitpid() System Calls","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"wait-and-waitpid","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_20a9c35106e25d5006789fb949a26a78","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"IPC Overview","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ipc-overview","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_6938a68a7cc9e78c966d4b5a5e3dfda8","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Pipes – Fundamental IPC Mechanism","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"pipes","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2c83fc712179dd03bf000225ec6e304b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Named Pipes (FIFOs): Persistent Inter-Process Communication","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"named-pipes-fifos","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b8be570290835678ecc04f0652594858","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Message Queues","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-message-queues","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b37f87427b64dbe1b3606c3b7d5253a9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Shared Memory: The Fastest IPC Mechanism","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"shared-memory","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8a100b935bf7f5cba81a227fd2bb1cf4","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Signals: Software Interrupts for Process Communication","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"signals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_42c2a0ddd8fc2bf250e986feb527df3b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Scheduling Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"scheduling-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_87bec7889b7fec9ebcc318cdbd6a0559","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"First-Come, First-Served (FCFS)","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"first-come-first-served","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_87b81c518aed7bd3cdb4482412c43e90","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Shortest Job First (SJF) & SRTF","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"sjf-and-srtf","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_aa42e026909c36d09b71b4e929d0f830","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"LRTF & HRRN Scheduling Algorithms","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"lrtf-and-hrrn","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2cf39c51ad3b333119373b476d1a7a2d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Priority Scheduling","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"priority-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a654fb84db3346da0c6d9bc83d4d5d58","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Round Robin & Multi-Level Queue Scheduling","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"round-robin-and-multi-level-queue","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_84d9ae211ca63350c5015c92962347ce","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Thread Fundamentals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-fundamentals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e8de0944542297d2927e25437ca5ff5c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"User-Level Threads","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"user-level-threads","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d65203d8191335be6756f1fc3662f58a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Kernel-Level Threads","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"kernel-level-threads","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1147b92814dd4a879d191ad966fa2628","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Threading Models: Mapping User and Kernel Threads","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"threading-models","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_45942b7628dcb2c31cbc02a7ebf6953d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Thread Libraries","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-libraries","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a75092c3cf00c5ca285943bbca9958f3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Thread Issues","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-issues","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_7712ba1c01e9ee5fabc424b5c4723c99","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Concurrency Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"concurrency-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_fd5bc15b164eadabd248b2006512dbaf","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Fork-Join Model","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fork-join-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2a7bf29b720b17371ef92b924755cc80","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"The parbegin-parend Model: Structured Concurrent Execution","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"parbegin-parend-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1cee940d03b7febd2b73411f06a914fb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Thread Pools","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-pools","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_bfd74c13ce11b9491b087cf01dd8a168","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Asynchronous Programming","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"asynchronous-programming","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_513e0e1ded7d6283caae3de9b896a46b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Common Concurrency Patterns","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"common-concurrency-patterns","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ec50e85045d715685069205035d72720","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Multi-Processor Scheduling","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"multi-processor-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_3f2fc1678dd6a01fde9a807692bba569","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Load Balancing in Multiprocessor Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-load-balancing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a550b0a396ce7fabcfdd5d852d88708c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Processor Affinity","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"processor-affinity","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_dc62ac0fcc6707daf18963371012f01e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Real-Time Scheduling","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-cpu-scheduling-advanced-real-time-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9a7a209c38cbdf505869ca78f3755493","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Linux Scheduling","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ede70642db3e09cef4cf709ccff54f65","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Windows Scheduling","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"windows-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_538a852460c650c526ab0c98cc6a39ab","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Race Conditions","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"race-conditions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b0391dad5390b2a5509d154284068c68","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"The Critical Section Problem","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"critical-section-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a2845ec49a964316d45468e706ca0ae0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Requirements for Solutions to the Critical Section Problem","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"requirements-for-solutions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_292c003373582ceb8518dc40d3d98e5a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Peterson's Solution","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"petersons-solution","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_734ef1c685c8634b040ec1d685812236","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Dekker's Algorithm","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"dekkers-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_298e344dcd38b3be39e486afc23ba4ed","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Disabling Interrupts for Mutual Exclusion","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"disabling-interrupts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1eddf95478ac90ee67e75d9a0dc7bcfb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks And Hardware Support","sectionOrder":15,"title":"Sleep and Wakeup Mechanisms","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"sleep-and-wakeup","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_bdfe65adf78f9dc9ded3bde19c222b3a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Spinlocks","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"spinlocks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a5b9d700782c503cdfe833d9ebfa65f2","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Test-and-Set Lock (TSL): Hardware-Assisted Synchronization","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"test-and-set-lock","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4513483c67b0a39b1fb722040508bc07","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Compare-and-Swap: Foundation of Lock-Free Concurrency","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"compare-and-swap","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_6f9347e8c8a4b551eb419c0f615eeb09","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Mutex Locks: Mutual Exclusion Primitives","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"mutex-locks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a18feea107e575395b7aeb854a4b90bc","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Futex: Fast Userspace Mutex","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"futex","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_0879fd294f8492fe9130f0cb34d4494b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores And Classic Problems","sectionOrder":17,"title":"Semaphore Implementation","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"semaphore-implementation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_6a3691fb18a17667a8883296b7df6a41","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores And Classic Problems","sectionOrder":17,"title":"The Dining Philosophers Problem","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"dining-philosophers-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_095741f1b4c7f4efa518c717b9806687","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores And Classic Problems","sectionOrder":17,"title":"Other Classic Synchronization Problems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"other-classic-problems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_81039f64343301d7139508dcd36f3c33","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores Classic Problems","sectionOrder":18,"title":"Semaphore Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"semaphore-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_0a9e6ddf86fa8ec2dffdf17d2b9bdbf9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores Classic Problems","sectionOrder":18,"title":"The Producer-Consumer Problem","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"producer-consumer-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_da67f7f18123f7ebbe89efec6e979798","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores Classic Problems","sectionOrder":18,"title":"Readers-Writers Problem","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"readers-writers-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8ef0f7a09ed19f4d09fa071bd04edd39","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors And Condition Variables","sectionOrder":19,"title":"Monitor Concept","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"monitor-concept","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b378ecef8b5fb49e43e4397d2bf40f02","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors And Condition Variables","sectionOrder":19,"title":"Signal Semantics in Condition Variables","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"signal-semantics","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_7092734f4ee8ea0c9984e22c09d261a0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors And Condition Variables","sectionOrder":19,"title":"Broadcast: Waking Multiple Waiting Threads","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"broadcast","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_db6eb17a2e348139dd6e783594e74073","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors Condition Variables","sectionOrder":20,"title":"Condition Variables: Synchronization for Complex Coordination","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"condition-variables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_697b459f7503e5c6c1785005deecb424","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors Condition Variables","sectionOrder":20,"title":"Pthread Condition Variables","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"pthread-condition-variables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b7edafb17356d821c60c3370cf2579e7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors Condition Variables","sectionOrder":20,"title":"Monitor-Based Solutions","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"monitor-based-solutions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a51245be2f1a65549356f824272ebc67","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Understanding Deadlock Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"deadlock-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4334a5a41629eba66ae678384f7a3198","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Necessary Conditions for Deadlock","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"necessary-conditions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_eba514d553d708252753631b90d328cf","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Resource Allocation Graph","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"resource-allocation-graph","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_bb7f0a87d10c83a2d2af64a1f01103fc","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Deadlock Prevention Strategies","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"deadlock-prevention","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_736704f63cb8208d80c74ea8167d560a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Banker's Algorithm: Deadlock Avoidance","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"bankers-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ce49823af1ff69c3e6c04e24df43a55e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Deadlock Detection and Recovery","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"detection-and-recovery","description":null,"estimatedMins":60,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1359692a0cd69411d8512612b6e774c1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Memory Management Goals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-management-goals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_675f925abcc1f6bb1164f9a18fc17887","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Address Binding: From Source to Execution","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"address-binding","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_41f2ed027a756b7a34b1ee22d832f5f0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Understanding Logical vs Physical Addresses","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"logical-vs-physical-addresses","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d3b080d578a2e4bcb2b240767bc2e833","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Linkers and Loaders","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linkers-and-loaders","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_27a52b5c729f9c878badfdbf7dcc7211","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Swapping","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"swapping","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_cb5a855d17df9d9fccf5a1ba85c07b2b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Overlays","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"overlays","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a1f928a457011df2c378cddab161a114","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Contiguous Memory Allocation Fundamentals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"contiguous-allocation-concept","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_81f9769996020bf3795c83493b0eab2f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Fixed Partitioning: Static Memory Division","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fixed-partitioning","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e4474bca96bd36e0763125f758e465d3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Variable Partitioning","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"variable-partitioning","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2abcdef14133b361fc8bc438caf85066","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Memory Allocation Strategies","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-contiguous-allocation-allocation-strategies","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_efac1ff2d107f726e496d816d5ad8230","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Memory Fragmentation: Internal and External","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-memory-fragmentation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_708b1569a3837117c1f3abefc7ec8cd7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Compaction and Buddy System","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"compaction-and-buddy-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_7ec2df224624b43b377d8568aa4e7438","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Paging Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"paging-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e6814eb8e4db13fd97cc5d2004ced057","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Page Tables","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"page-tables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9310e6e155aa02f9d5e95fc58087cbd9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Paging Address Translation Mechanisms","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"paging-address-translation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_5f3c7ed52b32aba9548a8057002274e4","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB)","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"translation-lookaside-buffer","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_5bb9082c057bdb717b525fff885ee456","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Multi-Level Paging","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"multi-level-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_7f589afea1b45ccdc3408081b0f2151d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Hash-based and Inverted Page Tables","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hash-based-and-inverted-page-tables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_48d8b374c98648d28c552478caa5aba1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_49db44f086c862a4244afe70a9ab3d61","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segment Table","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segment-table","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e8ac3489b567b6c68e50ade467c44586","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation Address Translation","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-address-translation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_3319256c906738d99ab40424ce0cd7d1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation vs Paging: A Comprehensive Comparison","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-vs-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_3e144f44f2889dbe917af33c51a204e3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation with Paging","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-with-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_981dce20fa6c9cb3c0f806f660d1fcce","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Intel x86 Memory Model","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"intel-x86-memory-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2d1300fa47e559dae9b232e2a9d52fb9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Virtual Memory Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtual-memory-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_74dfd56fb6d52454938e8bd47118c558","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Demand Paging","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"demand-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_7d01ec09ff472f39b2e81a2bcb935c7d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Page Fault Handling: The Critical Path to Virtual Memory","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"page-fault-handling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b5fcc90890051f0b2b9f9bdc1b30ed87","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Copy-on-Write","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"copy-on-write","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ffee6b7a320b7433e2f39111d0a92637","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Memory-Mapped Files","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-mapped-files","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_7f60e57f035bc73c6047e0883cb42fe5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Shared Memory via Virtual Memory","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"shared-memory-via-virtual-memory","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_bea5b47cc116ab03f9991178b3631bcd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"Page Replacement Need","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"page-replacement-need","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e370c66076609b9b9e6c4656f86a2f88","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"FIFO Page Replacement Algorithm","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fifo-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_59f34d9e468d539410235ab2afa72563","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"The Optimal (OPT/MIN) Page Replacement Algorithm","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"optimal-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_58e611be25d9eaad2e46da56fe86411e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"LRU (Least Recently Used) Page Replacement","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"lru-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_3b141aef6fe98ed68f6e61631da31d6b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"LRU Approximation Algorithms","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"lru-approximations","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1775094b82e4081250b3a008f71b281c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"Working Set Model and Page Fault Frequency","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"working-set-and-pff","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e6326cc42a26f3cf6a90c1e641fe7ebe","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Frame Allocation Problem","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"frame-allocation-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_68b9eb39e23ceafe1477edf4b7e5783a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Thrashing: The Performance Catastrophe","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thrashing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_92ee21095ae279cb17c1bdeb30f3a3ae","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Working Set Model","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"working-set-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_fd43da53d4496fbef64f128868f95db6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Thrashing Solutions: Restoring System Stability","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thrashing-solutions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1db12b50e5b04520e372819500de72b7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation Thrashing","sectionOrder":29,"title":"Global vs Local Replacement","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"global-vs-local-replacement","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_5b294a7d9d9e56ba15690d2b6f891a99","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Linux Memory Management","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-memory-management-in-practice-linux-memory-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_86fc3a1c820a82ec8fde3c3b17aca2f5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Windows Memory Management","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"windows-memory-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_78b534009d4be91a8ec06f7bcd261dbe","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"NUMA Architecture","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"numa-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_cf3a2f7161693cc12b4fd043aefbe346","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Huge Pages: Optimizing Memory Management at Scale","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"huge-pages","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_88717754b9f03dcfea81a91aa8ff4a2a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Memory Compression","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-compression","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8f05fbc44420a857d7f29b499908c247","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Memory Debugging: Detecting and Resolving Memory Errors","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-debugging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9d4f648d804555b00f76ae34c63b7e91","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"File Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_68c36972426fca538a1fdf5ae2cbc60d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"File Access Methods","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-access-methods","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a18e62e8b77fcff0841a1e0002a80439","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"Directory Structure","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"directory-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4c3785c374dc010145535df7a559fd77","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"Directory Operations","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"directory-operations","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_585e7e8efc4278fca3fcac513a128811","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"File Protection: Securing Persistent Data","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-protection","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2a23330117de15b869ddf401e620bf88","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"Hard and Soft Links","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hard-and-soft-links","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ae8196d972184c1fb01e625013fdb61d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"File System Layers","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-system-layers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_654aa70ff1777323fe5ef221936613bb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Contiguous Allocation","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"contiguous-allocation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_fbf33871afbf019e562093e3119c4d3a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Linked Allocation","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linked-allocation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e89504616e41380fb66c9bc7549c526a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Indexed Allocation","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"indexed-allocation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a29fa5e68534fb8b13b3fd10b7fc7f13","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Free Space Management","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"free-space-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ccc909d59a36cc82306083d967779488","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Directory Implementation","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"directory-implementation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e288c30d588f632bca1015d3b7d1d967","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"FAT File System","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fat-file-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_0e5ef8e12d36838f2bc357f4c3cd7244","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"Unix inode Structure","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"unix-inode-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_56e16005c30759a706a200021da04ae6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"Ext2/Ext3/Ext4 File Systems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ext2-ext3-ext4","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_3a6f1e8af132baebcf9bc66d41f8229b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"NTFS: The New Technology File System","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ntfs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9b66121878b62d9b69998cb11ec9ec42","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"File System Comparison","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-system-comparison","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2e746179b8be1e14a01b787b24e5f850","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"Virtual File System (VFS)","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtual-file-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_74f91fafd54bf70e7300885294996f74","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Buffer Cache","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"buffer-cache","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_f97fa5a7bb9ec68b4c5c378519c9947e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Read-Ahead: Anticipatory Data Loading","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"read-ahead","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4ff36a28802b87f8d1b0110f896e90f7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Write Strategies","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"write-strategies","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_de3bf4f804174e8bf94545b9ade710fc","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"File System Journaling","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"journaling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_df49786f6ab3859c097bc8a5986ea705","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Log-Structured File Systems","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"log-structured-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_5b79405957967bc1319d5dc5002a30b7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Defragmentation","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"defragmentation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_0783892a9efc4847e680aefa1eb1dbd9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Copy-on-Write File Systems","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"copy-on-write-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_669094127e382a299679705ee6352f80","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"ZFS: The Zettabyte File System","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"zfs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e94b6844ed3f8d3875703200ba21c67b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Btrfs: The B-tree File System","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"btrfs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ecaafe317263daf4d330ff6223034212","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Network File Systems","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"network-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_348639a90a49d0f3cc73af6949019912","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Distributed File Systems","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-advanced-file-systems-distributed-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_90c8994cdf03311d15aa405ac087cccb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Special File Systems","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"special-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_52cf25b095195030c7b7a9eebbc7dc12","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Understanding I/O Device Types","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-device-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b4ba4edb77f767cdae8aa4c601d9a0c6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"I/O Controllers","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-controllers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e6fca3745885ef9f31d6630257b669e6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Memory-Mapped I/O","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-mapped-io","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_de8da1a4808b50d35a225192f8911286","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Interrupts: Hardware-Level I/O Signaling","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"interrupts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_935f708c695ec34c1ffdef3b375abb42","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Direct Memory Access (DMA)","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"dma","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9e17272b0a078d2317c5b2f754dd8dc8","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"I/O Hardware Performance","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-hardware-performance","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8744fb5632c645a7b4c14d07cb8adba2","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"I/O Software Layers","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-software-layers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2d816fe215216599e611129eb97a2765","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Device Drivers","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"device-drivers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1b4b2075cf9f19f78d4f153fd76f37a9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Blocking and Non-Blocking I/O","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"blocking-non-blocking-io","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d7a542eee0ffd939883207e8cd036788","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"I/O Buffering Strategies","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"buffering","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_50e647b54466c570bd30a2e31e046629","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Caching","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-software-caching","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d9dcdc2a6a17bbd82aa46697c8c541d4","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Spooling: Simultaneous Peripheral Operations Online","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"spooling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ea683bf5bc780d22be5ea3a6b6a2df8f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"Disk Structure","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-disk-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b792d831b502998a10262be656af61fd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"Disk Scheduling Algorithms","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"disk-scheduling-algorithms","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1d27a139166d008bcbb33a28e9e0a7d3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"RAID: Redundant Array of Independent Disks","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"raid","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_50536e42456716a82a654117fa00d666","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"SSD Internals: Understanding Solid-State Storage","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ssd-internals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d82e020b33a77e7dcc16816323dbfb06","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"NVMe: Non-Volatile Memory Express","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"nvme","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_5ff63fd794b2aa434ca1c0b353d62500","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"Storage Virtualization","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"storage-virtualization","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8038fe2525f524bce7b4f4a2ab588680","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Protection Goals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"protection-goals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_57d09e513d060d1b3ad6bbddc88532a7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Protection Domains","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"protection-domains","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4c9a659dab4610c51609c717f5360107","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Access Matrix: The Foundation of Access Control","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"access-matrix","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2d052e562006a3a7735c7a2731f4776e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Access Control Lists","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"access-control-lists","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d95afefaba73cc8166ed7c4fc0621d55","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Capabilities","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"capabilities","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e5aacf65753fcef0f1e2de0ff83eeb8c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Sandboxing","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"sandboxing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_661f04c10476a36ba0b1dc15089d8af6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Security Threats","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"security-threats","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_c0ced91be0f6156afc67e942bb07a1e6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Authentication","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-authentication","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b55aa2d35564316630cec01ae1473791","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Authorization: Controlling Access to System Resources","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"authorization","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_7d982ddbf20076ad51ffe2947767fe14","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Cryptography Basics","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cryptography-basics","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_166a436e93afef09445829f03c244683","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Secure Communication","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"secure-communication","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e85c81bbb33e0b8b7c0ee57efadc6eda","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Auditing and Logging","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"auditing-and-logging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a09ed2e8a0d6ff26dbc713556ceaa501","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Buffer Overflow Attacks","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"buffer-overflow-attacks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_88490dee40ff1c17bc1d7cc7a5fc2737","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Defense Mechanisms","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"defense-mechanisms","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_3c885ca5f084f5a46db11b2f4904505c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"SELinux: Security-Enhanced Linux","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"selinux","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_53f8367ac99085d8b9f1636f6e40e250","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Secure Boot: Establishing Trust from Power-On","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"secure-boot","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2fd02ecee39dc208c34829e2cc433bf1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Hardware Security Vulnerabilities","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hardware-security","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ebd27878fc4e4cb03d9f14ded9fafa8e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Security Best Practices","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"security-best-practices","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_47e2f9add150afb6f6a6573256e2c78d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Virtualization Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtualization-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2968c0434f11eeb6c77f487eba6bb291","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Hypervisor Types: Architecture and Implementation","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hypervisor-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9b32a7d354aba80297085f1317152615","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Hardware Virtualization Support","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hardware-virtualization-support","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ae57234d6ead69d3f5f3d05a27b6571a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Paravirtualization","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"paravirtualization","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_266acd941f8f2406cd8a88df011fc9f5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Containers","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"containers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_f3e720331ca608163176e6e083d6d993","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Linux Namespaces and Control Groups","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"namespaces-and-cgroups","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_c67c51597f380f37ebb931c1ca2a8228","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Distributed System Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-system-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_5020ea10920f2ccac9fac6814bc1fbce","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Communication in Distributed Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-communication","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_95cf1ce4325b68ee048ba986103c9155","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Distributed Clocks and Time Synchronization","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-clocks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_07d7f230ea620df583b7f981cee9a418","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Distributed Coordination","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-coordination","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8016eb77a27f90d20ec661baafebcdaf","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Cloud Computing","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cloud-computing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_fcf64e71390497b8acc672168e76eda0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Real-Time Operating System Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"real-time-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_469662648f26ffac0c451852d788fcd6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Priority Inversion","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"priority-inversion","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_98b407e4e164750e3a68981a098f74ef","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Real-Time OS Features","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"real-time-os-features","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_abd44044a3a187d5af92b7716924a3a0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Real-Time Linux","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"real-time-linux","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9e6d4f577a93d716f3e7fbf19a9c0e64","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"RTOS Examples","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"rtos-examples","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_3f88e5cb45ad5060c9edf802a12f37c5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux Kernel Architecture","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-kernel-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2c41c3e1c0341c349751860904901bdd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux Process Management","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-process-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8c94706184061e777cf1aaedccb0cc01","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux File Systems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a8c39b926ec49c0218ba46234e830728","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux Networking","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-networking","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_0740281df0c7941405c2dd7a5d6961fa","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"eBPF: The Linux Kernel's Programmability Revolution","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ebpf","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_c2ecb2e85e9e2d5627d3d741590fec9f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design And Interview","sectionOrder":46,"title":"Operating System Design Principles","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-design-principles","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_bc3130db7917207d80f7ae4ef50a9318","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design And Interview","sectionOrder":46,"title":"Interview Problem Types","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"interview-problem-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e2513a76988d732572d92d681041d094","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Classic Operating System Problems","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"classic-os-problems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_64eb8d30a7a4ba66acb0bd28e5e96496","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Numerical Problems in Operating Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-numerical-problems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2b5c7aa0affd151ce761f39d33566b14","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Conceptual Questions","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"conceptual-questions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_53d78947ce21d614c8f2e296cfc31dec","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Operating System Project Ideas","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-project-ideas","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"}],"sections":[{"title":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","order":1,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:0","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:1","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:2","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:3","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:4","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:5"]},{"title":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","order":2,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:6","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:7","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:8","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:9","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:10","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:11"]},{"title":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","order":3,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:12","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:13","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:14","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:15","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:16","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:17"]},{"title":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","order":4,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:18","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:19","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:20","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:21","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:22"]},{"title":"Chapter 4: System Calls Api","order":5,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:23"]},{"title":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","order":6,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:24","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:25","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:26","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:27","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:28","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:29"]},{"title":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","order":7,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:30","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:31","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:32","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:33","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:34"]},{"title":"Chapter 6: Process Creation Termination","order":8,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:35"]},{"title":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","order":9,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:36","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:37","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:38","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:39","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:40","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:41"]},{"title":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","order":10,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:42","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:43","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:44","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:45","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:46","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:47"]},{"title":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","order":11,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:48","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:49","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:50","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:51","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:52","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:53"]},{"title":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","order":12,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:54","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:55","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:56","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:57","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:58","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:59"]},{"title":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","order":13,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:60","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:61","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:62","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:63","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:64","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:65"]},{"title":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","order":14,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:66","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:67","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:68","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:69","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:70","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:71"]},{"title":"Chapter 13: Locks And Hardware Support","order":15,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:72"]},{"title":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","order":16,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:73","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:74","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:75","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:76","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:77"]},{"title":"Chapter 14: Semaphores And Classic Problems","order":17,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:78","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:79","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:80"]},{"title":"Chapter 14: Semaphores Classic Problems","order":18,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:81","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:82","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:83"]},{"title":"Chapter 15: Monitors And Condition Variables","order":19,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:84","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:85","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:86"]},{"title":"Chapter 15: Monitors Condition Variables","order":20,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:87","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:88","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:89"]},{"title":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","order":21,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:90","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:91","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:92","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:93","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:94","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:95"]},{"title":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","order":22,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:96","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:97","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:98","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:99","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:100","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:101"]},{"title":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","order":23,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:102","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:103","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:104","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:105","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:106","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:107"]},{"title":"Chapter 19: Paging","order":24,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:108","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:109","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:110","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:111","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:112","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:113"]},{"title":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","order":25,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:114","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:115","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:116","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:117","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:118","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:119"]},{"title":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","order":26,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:120","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:121","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:122","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:123","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:124","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:125"]},{"title":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","order":27,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:126","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:127","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:128","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:129","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:130","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:131"]},{"title":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","order":28,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:132","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:133","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:134","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:135"]},{"title":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation Thrashing","order":29,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:136"]},{"title":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","order":30,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:137","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:138","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:139","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:140","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:141","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:142"]},{"title":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","order":31,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:143","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:144","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:145","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:146","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:147","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:148"]},{"title":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","order":32,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:149","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:150","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:151","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:152","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:153","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:154"]},{"title":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","order":33,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:155","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:156","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:157","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:158","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:159","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:160"]},{"title":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","order":34,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:161","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:162","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:163","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:164","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:165","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:166"]},{"title":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","order":35,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:167","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:168","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:169","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:170","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:171","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:172"]},{"title":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","order":36,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:173","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:174","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:175","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:176","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:177","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:178"]},{"title":"Chapter 31: Io Software","order":37,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:179","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:180","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:181","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:182","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:183","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:184"]},{"title":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","order":38,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:185","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:186","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:187","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:188","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:189","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:190"]},{"title":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","order":39,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:191","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:192","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:193","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:194","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:195","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:196"]},{"title":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","order":40,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:197","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:198","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:199","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:200","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:201","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:202"]},{"title":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","order":41,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:203","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:204","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:205","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:206","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:207","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:208"]},{"title":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","order":42,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:209","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:210","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:211","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:212","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:213","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:214"]},{"title":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","order":43,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:215","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:216","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:217","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:218","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:219"]},{"title":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","order":44,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:220","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:221","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:222","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:223","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:224"]},{"title":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","order":45,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:225","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:226","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:227","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:228","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:229"]},{"title":"Chapter 40: Os Design And Interview","order":46,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:230","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:231"]},{"title":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","order":47,"modules":["$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:232","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:233","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:234","$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:235"]}]},"meta":{"values":{"createdAt":["Date"],"updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.0.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.0.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.1.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.1.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.2.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.2.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.3.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.3.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.4.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.4.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.5.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.5.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.6.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.6.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.7.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.7.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.8.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.8.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.9.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.9.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.10.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.10.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.11.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.11.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.12.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.12.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.13.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.13.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.14.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.14.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.15.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.15.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.16.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.16.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.17.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.17.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.18.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.18.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.19.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.19.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.20.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.20.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.21.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.21.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.22.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.22.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.23.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.23.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.24.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.24.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.25.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.25.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.26.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.26.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.27.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.27.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.28.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.28.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.29.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.29.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.30.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.30.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.31.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.31.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.32.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.32.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.33.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.33.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.34.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.34.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.35.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.35.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.36.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.36.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.37.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.37.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.38.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.38.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.39.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.39.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.40.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.40.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.41.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.41.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.42.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.42.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.43.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.43.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.44.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.44.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.45.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.45.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.46.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.46.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.47.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.47.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.48.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.48.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.49.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.49.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.50.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.50.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.51.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.51.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.52.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.52.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.53.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.53.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.54.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.54.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.55.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.55.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.56.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.56.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.57.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.57.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.58.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.58.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.59.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.59.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.60.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.60.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.61.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.61.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.62.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.62.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.63.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.63.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.64.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.64.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.65.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.65.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.66.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.66.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.67.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.67.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.68.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.68.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.69.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.69.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.70.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.70.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.71.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.71.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.72.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.72.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.73.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.73.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.74.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.74.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.75.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.75.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.76.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.76.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.77.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.77.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.78.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.78.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.79.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.79.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.80.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.80.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.81.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.81.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.82.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.82.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.83.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.83.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.84.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.84.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.85.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.85.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.86.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.86.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.87.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.87.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.88.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.88.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.89.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.89.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.90.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.90.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.91.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.91.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.92.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.92.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.93.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.93.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.94.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.94.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.95.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.95.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.96.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.96.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.97.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.97.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.98.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.98.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.99.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.99.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.100.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.100.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.101.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.101.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.102.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.102.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.103.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.103.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.104.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.104.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.105.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.105.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.106.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.106.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.107.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.107.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.108.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.108.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.109.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.109.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.110.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.110.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.111.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.111.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.112.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.112.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.113.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.113.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.114.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.114.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.115.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.115.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.116.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.116.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.117.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.117.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.118.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.118.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.119.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.119.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.120.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.120.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.121.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.121.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.122.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.122.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.123.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.123.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.124.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.124.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.125.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.125.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.126.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.126.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.127.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.127.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.128.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.128.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.129.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.129.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.130.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.130.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.131.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.131.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.132.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.132.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.133.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.133.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.134.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.134.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.135.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.135.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.136.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.136.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.137.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.137.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.138.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.138.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.139.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.139.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.140.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.140.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.141.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.141.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.142.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.142.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.143.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.143.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.144.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.144.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.145.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.145.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.146.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.146.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.147.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.147.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.148.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.148.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.149.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.149.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.150.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.150.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.151.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.151.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.152.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.152.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.153.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.153.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.154.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.154.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.155.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.155.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.156.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.156.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.157.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.157.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.158.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.158.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.159.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.159.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.160.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.160.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.161.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.161.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.162.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.162.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.163.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.163.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.164.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.164.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.165.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.165.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.166.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.166.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.167.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.167.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.168.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.168.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.169.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.169.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.170.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.170.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.171.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.171.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.172.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.172.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.173.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.173.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.174.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.174.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.175.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.175.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.176.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.176.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.177.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.177.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.178.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.178.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.179.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.179.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.180.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.180.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.181.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.181.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.182.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.182.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.183.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.183.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.184.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.184.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.185.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.185.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.186.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.186.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.187.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.187.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.188.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.188.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.189.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.189.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.190.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.190.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.191.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.191.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.192.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.192.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.193.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.193.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.194.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.194.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.195.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.195.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.196.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.196.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.197.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.197.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.198.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.198.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.199.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.199.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.200.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.200.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.201.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.201.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.202.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.202.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.203.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.203.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.204.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.204.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.205.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.205.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.206.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.206.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.207.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.207.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.208.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.208.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.209.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.209.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.210.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.210.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.211.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.211.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.212.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.212.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.213.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.213.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.214.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.214.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.215.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.215.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.216.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.216.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.217.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.217.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.218.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.218.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.219.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.219.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.220.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.220.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.221.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.221.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.222.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.222.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.223.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.223.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.224.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.224.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.225.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.225.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.226.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.226.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.227.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.227.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.228.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.228.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.229.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.229.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.230.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.230.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.231.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.231.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.232.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.232.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.233.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.233.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.234.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.234.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.235.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.235.updatedAt":["Date"],"sections.0.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.0.createdAt","sections.0.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.0.updatedAt","sections.0.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.1.createdAt","sections.0.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.1.updatedAt","sections.0.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.2.createdAt","sections.0.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.2.updatedAt","sections.0.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.3.createdAt","sections.0.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.3.updatedAt","sections.0.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.4.createdAt","sections.0.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.4.updatedAt","sections.0.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.5.createdAt","sections.0.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.5.updatedAt","sections.1.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.6.createdAt","sections.1.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.6.updatedAt","sections.1.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.7.createdAt","sections.1.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.7.updatedAt","sections.1.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.8.createdAt","sections.1.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.8.updatedAt","sections.1.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.9.createdAt","sections.1.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.9.updatedAt","sections.1.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.10.createdAt","sections.1.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.10.updatedAt","sections.1.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.11.createdAt","sections.1.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.11.updatedAt","sections.2.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.12.createdAt","sections.2.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.12.updatedAt","sections.2.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.13.createdAt","sections.2.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.13.updatedAt","sections.2.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.14.createdAt","sections.2.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.14.updatedAt","sections.2.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.15.createdAt","sections.2.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.15.updatedAt","sections.2.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.16.createdAt","sections.2.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.16.updatedAt","sections.2.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.17.createdAt","sections.2.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.17.updatedAt","sections.3.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.18.createdAt","sections.3.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.18.updatedAt","sections.3.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.19.createdAt","sections.3.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.19.updatedAt","sections.3.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.20.createdAt","sections.3.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.20.updatedAt","sections.3.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.21.createdAt","sections.3.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.21.updatedAt","sections.3.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.22.createdAt","sections.3.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.22.updatedAt","sections.4.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.23.createdAt","sections.4.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.23.updatedAt","sections.5.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.24.createdAt","sections.5.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.24.updatedAt","sections.5.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.25.createdAt","sections.5.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.25.updatedAt","sections.5.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.26.createdAt","sections.5.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.26.updatedAt","sections.5.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.27.createdAt","sections.5.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.27.updatedAt","sections.5.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.28.createdAt","sections.5.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.28.updatedAt","sections.5.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.29.createdAt","sections.5.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.29.updatedAt","sections.6.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.30.createdAt","sections.6.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.30.updatedAt","sections.6.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.31.createdAt","sections.6.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.31.updatedAt","sections.6.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.32.createdAt","sections.6.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.32.updatedAt","sections.6.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.33.createdAt","sections.6.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.33.updatedAt","sections.6.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.34.createdAt","sections.6.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.34.updatedAt","sections.7.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.35.createdAt","sections.7.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.35.updatedAt","sections.8.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.36.createdAt","sections.8.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.36.updatedAt","sections.8.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.37.createdAt","sections.8.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.37.updatedAt","sections.8.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.38.createdAt","sections.8.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.38.updatedAt","sections.8.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.39.createdAt","sections.8.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.39.updatedAt","sections.8.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.40.createdAt","sections.8.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.40.updatedAt","sections.8.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.41.createdAt","sections.8.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.41.updatedAt","sections.9.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.42.createdAt","sections.9.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.42.updatedAt","sections.9.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.43.createdAt","sections.9.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.43.updatedAt","sections.9.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.44.createdAt","sections.9.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.44.updatedAt","sections.9.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.45.createdAt","sections.9.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.45.updatedAt","sections.9.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.46.createdAt","sections.9.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.46.updatedAt","sections.9.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.47.createdAt","sections.9.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.47.updatedAt","sections.10.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.48.createdAt","sections.10.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.48.updatedAt","sections.10.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.49.createdAt","sections.10.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.49.updatedAt","sections.10.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.50.createdAt","sections.10.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.50.updatedAt","sections.10.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.51.createdAt","sections.10.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.51.updatedAt","sections.10.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.52.createdAt","sections.10.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.52.updatedAt","sections.10.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.53.createdAt","sections.10.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.53.updatedAt","sections.11.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.54.createdAt","sections.11.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.54.updatedAt","sections.11.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.55.createdAt","sections.11.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.55.updatedAt","sections.11.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.56.createdAt","sections.11.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.56.updatedAt","sections.11.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.57.createdAt","sections.11.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.57.updatedAt","sections.11.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.58.createdAt","sections.11.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.58.updatedAt","sections.11.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.59.createdAt","sections.11.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.59.updatedAt","sections.12.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.60.createdAt","sections.12.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.60.updatedAt","sections.12.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.61.createdAt","sections.12.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.61.updatedAt","sections.12.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.62.createdAt","sections.12.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.62.updatedAt","sections.12.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.63.createdAt","sections.12.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.63.updatedAt","sections.12.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.64.createdAt","sections.12.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.64.updatedAt","sections.12.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.65.createdAt","sections.12.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.65.updatedAt","sections.13.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.66.createdAt","sections.13.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.66.updatedAt","sections.13.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.67.createdAt","sections.13.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.67.updatedAt","sections.13.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.68.createdAt","sections.13.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.68.updatedAt","sections.13.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.69.createdAt","sections.13.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.69.updatedAt","sections.13.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.70.createdAt","sections.13.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.70.updatedAt","sections.13.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.71.createdAt","sections.13.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.71.updatedAt","sections.14.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.72.createdAt","sections.14.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.72.updatedAt","sections.15.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.73.createdAt","sections.15.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.73.updatedAt","sections.15.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.74.createdAt","sections.15.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.74.updatedAt","sections.15.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.75.createdAt","sections.15.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.75.updatedAt","sections.15.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.76.createdAt","sections.15.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.76.updatedAt","sections.15.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.77.createdAt","sections.15.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.77.updatedAt","sections.16.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.78.createdAt","sections.16.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.78.updatedAt","sections.16.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.79.createdAt","sections.16.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.79.updatedAt","sections.16.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.80.createdAt","sections.16.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.80.updatedAt","sections.17.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.81.createdAt","sections.17.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.81.updatedAt","sections.17.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.82.createdAt","sections.17.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.82.updatedAt","sections.17.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.83.createdAt","sections.17.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.83.updatedAt","sections.18.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.84.createdAt","sections.18.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.84.updatedAt","sections.18.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.85.createdAt","sections.18.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.85.updatedAt","sections.18.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.86.createdAt","sections.18.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.86.updatedAt","sections.19.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.87.createdAt","sections.19.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.87.updatedAt","sections.19.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.88.createdAt","sections.19.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.88.updatedAt","sections.19.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.89.createdAt","sections.19.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.89.updatedAt","sections.20.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.90.createdAt","sections.20.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.90.updatedAt","sections.20.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.91.createdAt","sections.20.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.91.updatedAt","sections.20.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.92.createdAt","sections.20.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.92.updatedAt","sections.20.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.93.createdAt","sections.20.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.93.updatedAt","sections.20.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.94.createdAt","sections.20.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.94.updatedAt","sections.20.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.95.createdAt","sections.20.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.95.updatedAt","sections.21.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.96.createdAt","sections.21.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.96.updatedAt","sections.21.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.97.createdAt","sections.21.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.97.updatedAt","sections.21.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.98.createdAt","sections.21.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.98.updatedAt","sections.21.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.99.createdAt","sections.21.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.99.updatedAt","sections.21.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.100.createdAt","sections.21.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.100.updatedAt","sections.21.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.101.createdAt","sections.21.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.101.updatedAt","sections.22.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.102.createdAt","sections.22.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.102.updatedAt","sections.22.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.103.createdAt","sections.22.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.103.updatedAt","sections.22.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.104.createdAt","sections.22.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.104.updatedAt","sections.22.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.105.createdAt","sections.22.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.105.updatedAt","sections.22.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.106.createdAt","sections.22.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.106.updatedAt","sections.22.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.107.createdAt","sections.22.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.107.updatedAt","sections.23.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.108.createdAt","sections.23.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.108.updatedAt","sections.23.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.109.createdAt","sections.23.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.109.updatedAt","sections.23.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.110.createdAt","sections.23.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.110.updatedAt","sections.23.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.111.createdAt","sections.23.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.111.updatedAt","sections.23.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.112.createdAt","sections.23.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.112.updatedAt","sections.23.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.113.createdAt","sections.23.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.113.updatedAt","sections.24.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.114.createdAt","sections.24.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.114.updatedAt","sections.24.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.115.createdAt","sections.24.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.115.updatedAt","sections.24.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.116.createdAt","sections.24.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.116.updatedAt","sections.24.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.117.createdAt","sections.24.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.117.updatedAt","sections.24.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.118.createdAt","sections.24.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.118.updatedAt","sections.24.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.119.createdAt","sections.24.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.119.updatedAt","sections.25.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.120.createdAt","sections.25.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.120.updatedAt","sections.25.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.121.createdAt","sections.25.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.121.updatedAt","sections.25.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.122.createdAt","sections.25.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.122.updatedAt","sections.25.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.123.createdAt","sections.25.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.123.updatedAt","sections.25.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.124.createdAt","sections.25.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.124.updatedAt","sections.25.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.125.createdAt","sections.25.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.125.updatedAt","sections.26.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.126.createdAt","sections.26.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.126.updatedAt","sections.26.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.127.createdAt","sections.26.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.127.updatedAt","sections.26.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.128.createdAt","sections.26.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.128.updatedAt","sections.26.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.129.createdAt","sections.26.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.129.updatedAt","sections.26.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.130.createdAt","sections.26.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.130.updatedAt","sections.26.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.131.createdAt","sections.26.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.131.updatedAt","sections.27.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.132.createdAt","sections.27.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.132.updatedAt","sections.27.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.133.createdAt","sections.27.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.133.updatedAt","sections.27.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.134.createdAt","sections.27.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.134.updatedAt","sections.27.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.135.createdAt","sections.27.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.135.updatedAt","sections.28.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.136.createdAt","sections.28.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.136.updatedAt","sections.29.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.137.createdAt","sections.29.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.137.updatedAt","sections.29.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.138.createdAt","sections.29.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.138.updatedAt","sections.29.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.139.createdAt","sections.29.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.139.updatedAt","sections.29.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.140.createdAt","sections.29.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.140.updatedAt","sections.29.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.141.createdAt","sections.29.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.141.updatedAt","sections.29.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.142.createdAt","sections.29.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.142.updatedAt","sections.30.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.143.createdAt","sections.30.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.143.updatedAt","sections.30.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.144.createdAt","sections.30.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.144.updatedAt","sections.30.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.145.createdAt","sections.30.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.145.updatedAt","sections.30.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.146.createdAt","sections.30.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.146.updatedAt","sections.30.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.147.createdAt","sections.30.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.147.updatedAt","sections.30.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.148.createdAt","sections.30.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.148.updatedAt","sections.31.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.149.createdAt","sections.31.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.149.updatedAt","sections.31.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.150.createdAt","sections.31.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.150.updatedAt","sections.31.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.151.createdAt","sections.31.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.151.updatedAt","sections.31.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.152.createdAt","sections.31.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.152.updatedAt","sections.31.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.153.createdAt","sections.31.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.153.updatedAt","sections.31.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.154.createdAt","sections.31.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.154.updatedAt","sections.32.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.155.createdAt","sections.32.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.155.updatedAt","sections.32.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.156.createdAt","sections.32.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.156.updatedAt","sections.32.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.157.createdAt","sections.32.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.157.updatedAt","sections.32.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.158.createdAt","sections.32.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.158.updatedAt","sections.32.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.159.createdAt","sections.32.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.159.updatedAt","sections.32.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.160.createdAt","sections.32.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.160.updatedAt","sections.33.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.161.createdAt","sections.33.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.161.updatedAt","sections.33.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.162.createdAt","sections.33.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.162.updatedAt","sections.33.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.163.createdAt","sections.33.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.163.updatedAt","sections.33.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.164.createdAt","sections.33.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.164.updatedAt","sections.33.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.165.createdAt","sections.33.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.165.updatedAt","sections.33.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.166.createdAt","sections.33.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.166.updatedAt","sections.34.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.167.createdAt","sections.34.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.167.updatedAt","sections.34.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.168.createdAt","sections.34.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.168.updatedAt","sections.34.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.169.createdAt","sections.34.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.169.updatedAt","sections.34.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.170.createdAt","sections.34.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.170.updatedAt","sections.34.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.171.createdAt","sections.34.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.171.updatedAt","sections.34.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.172.createdAt","sections.34.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.172.updatedAt","sections.35.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.173.createdAt","sections.35.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.173.updatedAt","sections.35.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.174.createdAt","sections.35.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.174.updatedAt","sections.35.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.175.createdAt","sections.35.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.175.updatedAt","sections.35.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.176.createdAt","sections.35.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.176.updatedAt","sections.35.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.177.createdAt","sections.35.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.177.updatedAt","sections.35.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.178.createdAt","sections.35.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.178.updatedAt","sections.36.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.179.createdAt","sections.36.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.179.updatedAt","sections.36.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.180.createdAt","sections.36.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.180.updatedAt","sections.36.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.181.createdAt","sections.36.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.181.updatedAt","sections.36.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.182.createdAt","sections.36.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.182.updatedAt","sections.36.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.183.createdAt","sections.36.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.183.updatedAt","sections.36.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.184.createdAt","sections.36.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.184.updatedAt","sections.37.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.185.createdAt","sections.37.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.185.updatedAt","sections.37.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.186.createdAt","sections.37.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.186.updatedAt","sections.37.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.187.createdAt","sections.37.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.187.updatedAt","sections.37.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.188.createdAt","sections.37.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.188.updatedAt","sections.37.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.189.createdAt","sections.37.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.189.updatedAt","sections.37.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.190.createdAt","sections.37.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.190.updatedAt","sections.38.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.191.createdAt","sections.38.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.191.updatedAt","sections.38.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.192.createdAt","sections.38.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.192.updatedAt","sections.38.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.193.createdAt","sections.38.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.193.updatedAt","sections.38.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.194.createdAt","sections.38.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.194.updatedAt","sections.38.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.195.createdAt","sections.38.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.195.updatedAt","sections.38.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.196.createdAt","sections.38.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.196.updatedAt","sections.39.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.197.createdAt","sections.39.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.197.updatedAt","sections.39.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.198.createdAt","sections.39.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.198.updatedAt","sections.39.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.199.createdAt","sections.39.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.199.updatedAt","sections.39.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.200.createdAt","sections.39.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.200.updatedAt","sections.39.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.201.createdAt","sections.39.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.201.updatedAt","sections.39.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.202.createdAt","sections.39.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.202.updatedAt","sections.40.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.203.createdAt","sections.40.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.203.updatedAt","sections.40.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.204.createdAt","sections.40.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.204.updatedAt","sections.40.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.205.createdAt","sections.40.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.205.updatedAt","sections.40.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.206.createdAt","sections.40.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.206.updatedAt","sections.40.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.207.createdAt","sections.40.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.207.updatedAt","sections.40.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.208.createdAt","sections.40.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.208.updatedAt","sections.41.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.209.createdAt","sections.41.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.209.updatedAt","sections.41.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.210.createdAt","sections.41.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.210.updatedAt","sections.41.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.211.createdAt","sections.41.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.211.updatedAt","sections.41.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.212.createdAt","sections.41.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.212.updatedAt","sections.41.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.213.createdAt","sections.41.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.213.updatedAt","sections.41.modules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.214.createdAt","sections.41.modules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.214.updatedAt","sections.42.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.215.createdAt","sections.42.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.215.updatedAt","sections.42.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.216.createdAt","sections.42.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.216.updatedAt","sections.42.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.217.createdAt","sections.42.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.217.updatedAt","sections.42.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.218.createdAt","sections.42.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.218.updatedAt","sections.42.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.219.createdAt","sections.42.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.219.updatedAt","sections.43.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.220.createdAt","sections.43.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.220.updatedAt","sections.43.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.221.createdAt","sections.43.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.221.updatedAt","sections.43.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.222.createdAt","sections.43.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.222.updatedAt","sections.43.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.223.createdAt","sections.43.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.223.updatedAt","sections.43.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.224.createdAt","sections.43.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.224.updatedAt","sections.44.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.225.createdAt","sections.44.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.225.updatedAt","sections.44.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.226.createdAt","sections.44.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.226.updatedAt","sections.44.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.227.createdAt","sections.44.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.227.updatedAt","sections.44.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.228.createdAt","sections.44.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.228.updatedAt","sections.44.modules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.229.createdAt","sections.44.modules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.229.updatedAt","sections.45.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.230.createdAt","sections.45.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.230.updatedAt","sections.45.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.231.createdAt","sections.45.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.231.updatedAt","sections.46.modules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.232.createdAt","sections.46.modules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.232.updatedAt","sections.46.modules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.233.createdAt","sections.46.modules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.233.updatedAt","sections.46.modules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.234.createdAt","sections.46.modules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.234.updatedAt","sections.46.modules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.235.createdAt","sections.46.modules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.235.updatedAt"},"referentialEqualities":{"modules.0":["sections.0.modules.0"],"modules.1":["sections.0.modules.1"],"modules.2":["sections.0.modules.2"],"modules.3":["sections.0.modules.3"],"modules.4":["sections.0.modules.4"],"modules.5":["sections.0.modules.5"],"modules.6":["sections.1.modules.0"],"modules.7":["sections.1.modules.1"],"modules.8":["sections.1.modules.2"],"modules.9":["sections.1.modules.3"],"modules.10":["sections.1.modules.4"],"modules.11":["sections.1.modules.5"],"modules.12":["sections.2.modules.0"],"modules.13":["sections.2.modules.1"],"modules.14":["sections.2.modules.2"],"modules.15":["sections.2.modules.3"],"modules.16":["sections.2.modules.4"],"modules.17":["sections.2.modules.5"],"modules.18":["sections.3.modules.0"],"modules.19":["sections.3.modules.1"],"modules.20":["sections.3.modules.2"],"modules.21":["sections.3.modules.3"],"modules.22":["sections.3.modules.4"],"modules.23":["sections.4.modules.0"],"modules.24":["sections.5.modules.0"],"modules.25":["sections.5.modules.1"],"modules.26":["sections.5.modules.2"],"modules.27":["sections.5.modules.3"],"modules.28":["sections.5.modules.4"],"modules.29":["sections.5.modules.5"],"modules.30":["sections.6.modules.0"],"modules.31":["sections.6.modules.1"],"modules.32":["sections.6.modules.2"],"modules.33":["sections.6.modules.3"],"modules.34":["sections.6.modules.4"],"modules.35":["sections.7.modules.0"],"modules.36":["sections.8.modules.0"],"modules.37":["sections.8.modules.1"],"modules.38":["sections.8.modules.2"],"modules.39":["sections.8.modules.3"],"modules.40":["sections.8.modules.4"],"modules.41":["sections.8.modules.5"],"modules.42":["sections.9.modules.0"],"modules.43":["sections.9.modules.1"],"modules.44":["sections.9.modules.2"],"modules.45":["sections.9.modules.3"],"modules.46":["sections.9.modules.4"],"modules.47":["sections.9.modules.5"],"modules.48":["sections.10.modules.0"],"modules.49":["sections.10.modules.1"],"modules.50":["sections.10.modules.2"],"modules.51":["sections.10.modules.3"],"modules.52":["sections.10.modules.4"],"modules.53":["sections.10.modules.5"],"modules.54":["sections.11.modules.0"],"modules.55":["sections.11.modules.1"],"modules.56":["sections.11.modules.2"],"modules.57":["sections.11.modules.3"],"modules.58":["sections.11.modules.4"],"modules.59":["sections.11.modules.5"],"modules.60":["sections.12.modules.0"],"modules.61":["sections.12.modules.1"],"modules.62":["sections.12.modules.2"],"modules.63":["sections.12.modules.3"],"modules.64":["sections.12.modules.4"],"modules.65":["sections.12.modules.5"],"modules.66":["sections.13.modules.0"],"modules.67":["sections.13.modules.1"],"modules.68":["sections.13.modules.2"],"modules.69":["sections.13.modules.3"],"modules.70":["sections.13.modules.4"],"modules.71":["sections.13.modules.5"],"modules.72":["sections.14.modules.0"],"modules.73":["sections.15.modules.0"],"modules.74":["sections.15.modules.1"],"modules.75":["sections.15.modules.2"],"modules.76":["sections.15.modules.3"],"modules.77":["sections.15.modules.4"],"modules.78":["sections.16.modules.0"],"modules.79":["sections.16.modules.1"],"modules.80":["sections.16.modules.2"],"modules.81":["sections.17.modules.0"],"modules.82":["sections.17.modules.1"],"modules.83":["sections.17.modules.2"],"modules.84":["sections.18.modules.0"],"modules.85":["sections.18.modules.1"],"modules.86":["sections.18.modules.2"],"modules.87":["sections.19.modules.0"],"modules.88":["sections.19.modules.1"],"modules.89":["sections.19.modules.2"],"modules.90":["sections.20.modules.0"],"modules.91":["sections.20.modules.1"],"modules.92":["sections.20.modules.2"],"modules.93":["sections.20.modules.3"],"modules.94":["sections.20.modules.4"],"modules.95":["sections.20.modules.5"],"modules.96":["sections.21.modules.0"],"modules.97":["sections.21.modules.1"],"modules.98":["sections.21.modules.2"],"modules.99":["sections.21.modules.3"],"modules.100":["sections.21.modules.4"],"modules.101":["sections.21.modules.5"],"modules.102":["sections.22.modules.0"],"modules.103":["sections.22.modules.1"],"modules.104":["sections.22.modules.2"],"modules.105":["sections.22.modules.3"],"modules.106":["sections.22.modules.4"],"modules.107":["sections.22.modules.5"],"modules.108":["sections.23.modules.0"],"modules.109":["sections.23.modules.1"],"modules.110":["sections.23.modules.2"],"modules.111":["sections.23.modules.3"],"modules.112":["sections.23.modules.4"],"modules.113":["sections.23.modules.5"],"modules.114":["sections.24.modules.0"],"modules.115":["sections.24.modules.1"],"modules.116":["sections.24.modules.2"],"modules.117":["sections.24.modules.3"],"modules.118":["sections.24.modules.4"],"modules.119":["sections.24.modules.5"],"modules.120":["sections.25.modules.0"],"modules.121":["sections.25.modules.1"],"modules.122":["sections.25.modules.2"],"modules.123":["sections.25.modules.3"],"modules.124":["sections.25.modules.4"],"modules.125":["sections.25.modules.5"],"modules.126":["sections.26.modules.0"],"modules.127":["sections.26.modules.1"],"modules.128":["sections.26.modules.2"],"modules.129":["sections.26.modules.3"],"modules.130":["sections.26.modules.4"],"modules.131":["sections.26.modules.5"],"modules.132":["sections.27.modules.0"],"modules.133":["sections.27.modules.1"],"modules.134":["sections.27.modules.2"],"modules.135":["sections.27.modules.3"],"modules.136":["sections.28.modules.0"],"modules.137":["sections.29.modules.0"],"modules.138":["sections.29.modules.1"],"modules.139":["sections.29.modules.2"],"modules.140":["sections.29.modules.3"],"modules.141":["sections.29.modules.4"],"modules.142":["sections.29.modules.5"],"modules.143":["sections.30.modules.0"],"modules.144":["sections.30.modules.1"],"modules.145":["sections.30.modules.2"],"modules.146":["sections.30.modules.3"],"modules.147":["sections.30.modules.4"],"modules.148":["sections.30.modules.5"],"modules.149":["sections.31.modules.0"],"modules.150":["sections.31.modules.1"],"modules.151":["sections.31.modules.2"],"modules.152":["sections.31.modules.3"],"modules.153":["sections.31.modules.4"],"modules.154":["sections.31.modules.5"],"modules.155":["sections.32.modules.0"],"modules.156":["sections.32.modules.1"],"modules.157":["sections.32.modules.2"],"modules.158":["sections.32.modules.3"],"modules.159":["sections.32.modules.4"],"modules.160":["sections.32.modules.5"],"modules.161":["sections.33.modules.0"],"modules.162":["sections.33.modules.1"],"modules.163":["sections.33.modules.2"],"modules.164":["sections.33.modules.3"],"modules.165":["sections.33.modules.4"],"modules.166":["sections.33.modules.5"],"modules.167":["sections.34.modules.0"],"modules.168":["sections.34.modules.1"],"modules.169":["sections.34.modules.2"],"modules.170":["sections.34.modules.3"],"modules.171":["sections.34.modules.4"],"modules.172":["sections.34.modules.5"],"modules.173":["sections.35.modules.0"],"modules.174":["sections.35.modules.1"],"modules.175":["sections.35.modules.2"],"modules.176":["sections.35.modules.3"],"modules.177":["sections.35.modules.4"],"modules.178":["sections.35.modules.5"],"modules.179":["sections.36.modules.0"],"modules.180":["sections.36.modules.1"],"modules.181":["sections.36.modules.2"],"modules.182":["sections.36.modules.3"],"modules.183":["sections.36.modules.4"],"modules.184":["sections.36.modules.5"],"modules.185":["sections.37.modules.0"],"modules.186":["sections.37.modules.1"],"modules.187":["sections.37.modules.2"],"modules.188":["sections.37.modules.3"],"modules.189":["sections.37.modules.4"],"modules.190":["sections.37.modules.5"],"modules.191":["sections.38.modules.0"],"modules.192":["sections.38.modules.1"],"modules.193":["sections.38.modules.2"],"modules.194":["sections.38.modules.3"],"modules.195":["sections.38.modules.4"],"modules.196":["sections.38.modules.5"],"modules.197":["sections.39.modules.0"],"modules.198":["sections.39.modules.1"],"modules.199":["sections.39.modules.2"],"modules.200":["sections.39.modules.3"],"modules.201":["sections.39.modules.4"],"modules.202":["sections.39.modules.5"],"modules.203":["sections.40.modules.0"],"modules.204":["sections.40.modules.1"],"modules.205":["sections.40.modules.2"],"modules.206":["sections.40.modules.3"],"modules.207":["sections.40.modules.4"],"modules.208":["sections.40.modules.5"],"modules.209":["sections.41.modules.0"],"modules.210":["sections.41.modules.1"],"modules.211":["sections.41.modules.2"],"modules.212":["sections.41.modules.3"],"modules.213":["sections.41.modules.4"],"modules.214":["sections.41.modules.5"],"modules.215":["sections.42.modules.0"],"modules.216":["sections.42.modules.1"],"modules.217":["sections.42.modules.2"],"modules.218":["sections.42.modules.3"],"modules.219":["sections.42.modules.4"],"modules.220":["sections.43.modules.0"],"modules.221":["sections.43.modules.1"],"modules.222":["sections.43.modules.2"],"modules.223":["sections.43.modules.3"],"modules.224":["sections.43.modules.4"],"modules.225":["sections.44.modules.0"],"modules.226":["sections.44.modules.1"],"modules.227":["sections.44.modules.2"],"modules.228":["sections.44.modules.3"],"modules.229":["sections.44.modules.4"],"modules.230":["sections.45.modules.0"],"modules.231":["sections.45.modules.1"],"modules.232":["sections.46.modules.0"],"modules.233":["sections.46.modules.1"],"modules.234":["sections.46.modules.2"],"modules.235":["sections.46.modules.3"]},"v":1}},"dataUpdateCount":1,"dataUpdatedAt":1792282199090,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"success","fetchStatus":"idle"},"queryKey":[["learningPaths","getBySlug"],{"input":{"slug":"operating-systems"},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"learningPaths\",\"getBySlug\"],{\"input\":{\"slug\":\"operating-systems\"},\"type\":\"query\"}]"},{"dehydratedAt":1792282199653,"state":{"data":{"json":{"path":{"archivedAt":null,"id":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","slug":"operating-systems","title":"Operating Systems","description":"Master Operating Systems from fundamentals to advanced concepts. This comprehensive path covers processes, threads, memory management, file systems, I/O, virtualization, and distributed systems with 47 chapters and 1201+ pages.","image":null,"color":"#EF4444","keyTopics":["Process Management","Thread Synchronization","Memory Management","Virtual Memory","File Systems","I/O Systems","Virtualization","Distributed Systems"],"estimatedHours":196.8,"problemCount":0,"visualizerCount":0,"quizCount":0,"learningCount":236,"difficulty":"INTERMEDIATE","idealFor":["Computer Science students","Systems programmers","Backend engineers","Anyone preparing for systems interviews"],"prerequisites":["Basic programming (C preferred)","Understanding of computer architecture","Basic data structures knowledge"],"skillsGained":["Process and thread management","Synchronization primitives","Memory management techniques","File system design","System call implementation","Performance optimization"],"outcomes":["Understand OS internals deeply","Debug systems-level issues","Design concurrent programs","Optimize system performance","Prepare for systems interviews","Build OS components"],"overview":"This comprehensive learning path takes you from OS fundamentals to advanced systems concepts, preparing you for systems programming and interviews.\n\n**What you'll learn:**\n• OS History and Evolution\n• Process management and scheduling\n• Thread synchronization and concurrency\n• Memory management and virtual memory\n• File systems and storage\n• I/O systems and device drivers\n• Virtualization and containers\n• Distributed systems concepts\n• Security and protection\n• Modern OS topics\n\nEach topic includes detailed explanations with practical examples.","createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.111Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:34.121Z","modules":[{"id":"seed_0989bba9c801e30c2f8d8fbcccc160fb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"What Is an Operating System?","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"what-is-an-operating-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_278c9ae478c38253aee9fe527920752b","title":"Definition and Purpose of Operating Systems","order":0},{"id":"seed_eb3f63d66d764183186be76cc3bdbcca","title":"Operating System as Resource Manager","order":1},{"id":"seed_e471bc0b86753fda800b1adffa14b88b","title":"Operating System as Extended Machine","order":2},{"id":"seed_2f157f9b0deca4fb93599ead66226ddf","title":"User View vs System View","order":3},{"id":"seed_6f1a89bb5e63636b5d6f6990cc5d9132","title":"Design Goals of Operating Systems","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b0818c91ff08af47baa34eb62858f66c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"History of Operating Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"history-of-operating-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_4859dff402f74362e5338edf09fbe19f","title":"Batch Systems: The Birth of Operating Systems","order":0},{"id":"seed_df72002367b99e2edf9752ab575caf8c","title":"Multiprogrammed Systems: Maximizing CPU Utilization","order":1},{"id":"seed_0ec46334114f9e7f1d4c842c8896882e","title":"Time-Sharing Systems: The Interactive Computing Revolution","order":2},{"id":"seed_1643ee5595ef51a52aeae19593925098","title":"Personal Computers: Computing for Everyone","order":3},{"id":"seed_7dbf3006a153b4e80e22b2e3b49c932a","title":"Modern OS Evolution: From Mobile to Cloud","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2ccef563a867bb7804728aac2ec8898b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Types of Operating Systems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"types-of-operating-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b9bb4c6bf237405b13267d1eaaf3f4df","title":"Batch Operating Systems","order":0},{"id":"seed_474fe55857065c339cd412dedd55bc42","title":"Multi-tasking and Time-sharing Systems","order":1},{"id":"seed_1a14e01a02772f1b12bb95d9b8da786c","title":"Real-time Operating Systems","order":2},{"id":"seed_83cad6017b678dd8638a32f3b69ccd67","title":"Distributed Operating Systems","order":3},{"id":"seed_fcdf838017b1cfd28344713f42963128","title":"Embedded Operating Systems","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_837ca9e393dfaed490f4c2ab1d0c7b9b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Operating System Services","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"operating-system-services","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6711dbd333b981427a62d41c69934180","title":"User Interface Services","order":0},{"id":"seed_d9c7d90c7c01a78c5236d96e70db2fbf","title":"Program Execution Services","order":1},{"id":"seed_a0a37b97d6c7afa01c881a948c0696c3","title":"I/O Operations","order":2},{"id":"seed_3635d93aa28618d8fa2819564d6d0fbd","title":"File System Manipulation","order":3},{"id":"seed_eb27afe77339debd5fe3e715b0f49825","title":"Communication Services","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e450fe77a88991a07a3d5c98dbc9e1c9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Operating System Structure","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"operating-system-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b5435a977320424ab045528a5e2a638d","title":"Understanding OS Architecture — From Monolithic Origins to Modern Structures","order":0},{"id":"seed_4625ba57853b536f6996ed335035398e","title":"Layered Operating System Architecture — Abstraction Through Hierarchy","order":1},{"id":"seed_4fa6dfcd5f7df7fbcd8bae14230ef9a1","title":"Microkernel Architecture — Minimalism and Isolation","order":2},{"id":"seed_221c79cf107067afb9e364493f830e5e","title":"Loadable Kernel Modules — Dynamic Extension of Monolithic Kernels","order":3},{"id":"seed_ce037bc8a7993efefa2968c41d222f6f","title":"Hybrid Operating Systems — Pragmatic Architecture for the Real World","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_bfc441947857a25112da5292201b9944","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Design Goals and Tradeoffs in Operating Systems","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"design-goals-and-tradeoffs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ea6f255bbaebbb668c7dd002ff372145","title":"Efficiency vs Convenience","order":0},{"id":"seed_47197a0466f0a3576972d91bcafe8061","title":"Flexibility vs Simplicity","order":1},{"id":"seed_5ceb970d0d11c931df25f6b9b0c8d123","title":"Security vs Usability","order":2},{"id":"seed_7059205b380dbf20e72223bd6138b01d","title":"Portability Considerations","order":3},{"id":"seed_c3edc689710e3d4e7da5e36445979420","title":"Policy vs Mechanism","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_86da1ea83ce7927e2a15080b95fef560","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"von Neumann Architecture","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"von-neumann-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e19d8e053ce09c3776fbfe9f2acf1016","title":"The Stored Program Concept - The Revolutionary Foundation","order":0},{"id":"seed_60e613ae321ef909e1e265e7cc81fd3a","title":"CPU, Memory, and I/O - The Trinity of Computing","order":1},{"id":"seed_79d79ef2118991fd83737fdc80ee0fdc","title":"Bus Architecture - The Communication Backbone","order":2},{"id":"seed_ce52e3e566c7fc03486062e8b451e321","title":"The Instruction Cycle - Fetch, Decode, Execute","order":3},{"id":"seed_b090e606d08ab10f1f280fa8fed71bc2","title":"The von Neumann Bottleneck - Limitations and Modern Solutions","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_468b82c6119325a617edc0f311cbe3f3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"CPU Execution Modes","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cpu-execution-modes","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_29aa0426c1b2143323a9d64c87141b33","title":"User Mode","order":0},{"id":"seed_8d17444b36e30e6f33d999dacaa080c5","title":"Kernel Mode (Supervisor Mode)","order":1},{"id":"seed_ffdc56cc63787505562d18a97229bf60","title":"Mode Bit","order":2},{"id":"seed_e8d0d74f8fb744f3b154a156ee70c915","title":"Privileged Instructions","order":3},{"id":"seed_52813e97aed5897e33db98830d26d7ba","title":"Mode Switching","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_45eef80b7025070c0c4404de5a533b71","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"Memory Hierarchy: From Registers to Disk","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-hierarchy","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2e152b0b62d5176d400b6a5154b49df5","title":"Registers — The Fastest Tier of the Memory Hierarchy","order":0},{"id":"seed_6f7e10e6695a575bef6818cc9f90872a","title":"Cache Memory (L1, L2, L3) — The Critical Performance Tier","order":1},{"id":"seed_6cd1f1b5d3dcb8ca2036a3faf434956a","title":"Main Memory (RAM) — The Primary System Memory","order":2},{"id":"seed_43a3a4ad63de87335d075857888c6b47","title":"Secondary Storage — Persistent Memory and Mass Storage","order":3},{"id":"seed_52a5d6f70fad43e1fb3e66f2fe530cb1","title":"Access Times and Tradeoffs — The Economics of Memory Hierarchy","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_980787327dac546179c8d7ab893f8e4d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"Interrupts and Exceptions","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"interrupts-and-exceptions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7ead2a8e9b3aa8166f2d4c58b7a9ff82","title":"Hardware Interrupts","order":0},{"id":"seed_6f435656bf65067b90137ec51b86ac0a","title":"Software Interrupts (Traps)","order":1},{"id":"seed_516b73f31cb2fbd845caf2a50d1af565","title":"Interrupt Handling","order":2},{"id":"seed_0941d29130f63b80a0ab7fa279d56229","title":"Interrupt Vector Table","order":3},{"id":"seed_0801d78d5b3b846e9c9d4b953062876d","title":"Interrupt Priority","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_f6e1083fa8c58d5bd8c75a27d235251e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"I/O Architecture: How the CPU Communicates with the World","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_c6d5a14c94ed8039e81b9441e9e3dc44","title":"I/O Ports: The Gateway to Peripheral Communication","order":0},{"id":"seed_e6a0bf4396f0e549ffceb6e721b8fb74","title":"Memory-Mapped I/O: Unifying Device Access with Memory Semantics","order":1},{"id":"seed_ed01ee8d73e52f14ea7f3685d00b567f","title":"Programmed I/O: The CPU as Data Mover","order":2},{"id":"seed_ceab336d1baa55ae5bb76a075a32309e","title":"Interrupt-Driven I/O: Asynchronous Device Communication","order":3},{"id":"seed_a0dcdae45ed172b4f390e42dd89a8485","title":"DMA: Direct Memory Access for Maximum Throughput","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d0557b0f349b5f70f81e2748910e3005","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"Cache Coherence and Memory Consistency","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cache-coherence","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6506911bda9ab17a220d25bea9e3f59d","title":"Cache Hierarchy","order":0},{"id":"seed_7140d174d083d7fed8afc774baa83fc9","title":"Cache Lines","order":1},{"id":"seed_2100afb79c8c3356bb0ac14237480ec3","title":"Write-Through vs Write-Back","order":2},{"id":"seed_6a1ffdaa1721da5cb8f318ddbb941e3a","title":"Cache Coherence Problem","order":3},{"id":"seed_c426a78629c5ea5b4efb979d521deadc","title":"Coherence Protocols (MESI)","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a81fd6898d35ccf59a1cbaaca8e8a659","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Monolithic Kernels: The Traditional OS Architecture","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"monolithic-kernels","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_eeaaab0ff4c0d744b95f29d01a77a17d","title":"All Services in Kernel Space","order":0},{"id":"seed_1d96d1dfd23b462e826d09e460a312f8","title":"Linux Kernel Example","order":1},{"id":"seed_9795a8791c2b853f7c7ac06034e0ec9c","title":"Advantages: Performance","order":2},{"id":"seed_13603578cddbfe98a945b7076a9ee013","title":"Disadvantages: Complexity","order":3},{"id":"seed_954527360bcd76e92b0a3bc19bbd8956","title":"Modular Monolithic","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2e766749fc8e4bec70ebefe52f4f3e43","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Microkernel Architecture","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"microkernel-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e07c060b5e7513d65aa26547dbedb344","title":"Minimal Kernel","order":0},{"id":"seed_035e3ae081674c57d1e73940b2adeb36","title":"User-Space Servers","order":1},{"id":"seed_d8812ed31fbb1ea21af2db7dc1fe33e2","title":"Message Passing","order":2},{"id":"seed_bf9b5fe4683ebe12ff56703d53d686bd","title":"Mach, MINIX, QNX","order":3},{"id":"seed_17a6f72d63d45adba951586972013d6f","title":"Advantages and Limitations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e072f947c9ab98b98e7e0762b2084ce6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Hybrid Kernels","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hybrid-kernels","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_56fd145cc2c51431424d91facb15d6df","title":"Windows NT Architecture","order":0},{"id":"seed_09f47dac9b22fabff39214d553b98fad","title":"macOS (XNU)","order":1},{"id":"seed_bd8ba56f67c3d4419ff67f51a3ed79eb","title":"Combining Approaches","order":2},{"id":"seed_394c5774ac7af58d724cb7812a6d1c6d","title":"Performance Considerations","order":3},{"id":"seed_16300ff7851d71727b38723a03a4b0d3","title":"Real-world Examples","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ecc734779008ee009eb0a4ffbc502498","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Loadable Kernel Modules","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"loadable-kernel-modules","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_916d89aee47ded271f219de4f74c0615","title":"Dynamic Loading","order":0},{"id":"seed_8ca91b64b0e5068b79f4f7561ad0847c","title":"Linux Modules (.ko)","order":1},{"id":"seed_3a9cac656ac43ff858a01830738a1b90","title":"Advantages","order":2},{"id":"seed_e82b129395c6ac3fb4fac699f0de72d3","title":"Module Management","order":3},{"id":"seed_d4a00303bcb0ea9454dbc6a8ae631c83","title":"Security Implications","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9d115c9f3ae3b4f29f09606f3eff588f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Boot Process","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"boot-process","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7020420fedf7d4852725adfa242b7ed7","title":"BIOS/UEFI","order":0},{"id":"seed_80fa610f264a212a453cce30b948027c","title":"Bootloader (GRUB)","order":1},{"id":"seed_6e9ad88fff0754efbe7a41d016c2332d","title":"Kernel Loading","order":2},{"id":"seed_ec7065aac1a2576ea551af42d59948c3","title":"Init Process","order":3},{"id":"seed_c90f6ef28db0f2f220b619153c299c54","title":"System Initialization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_82148746a8bc2509227f2483fa9e58cd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Virtual Machines","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtual-machines","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f011a2c2a17305a9cb5fede7c24073ec","title":"Type 1 Hypervisors: The Bare-Metal Foundation","order":0},{"id":"seed_89db3eb4163481ec548f43452fa5c6a7","title":"Type 2 Hypervisors: Virtualization on the Desktop","order":1},{"id":"seed_2692366b1bb000792768c8cd2a81b588","title":"Benefits for OS Development: The VM Revolution","order":2},{"id":"seed_b4965bc3a05d66749cb7c09befc9ead3","title":"Hardware Virtualization Support: Silicon Enabling Software","order":3},{"id":"seed_7bfd3bd6d1ebdf4952ab88e88c5908ad","title":"OS-Level Virtualization: Containers and Beyond","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b7f231e822013edf953a1f54b39cdd64","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"System Call Mechanism","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"system-call-mechanism","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e3f502242d89469640497f76e6c0e09c","title":"User to Kernel Transition","order":0},{"id":"seed_d2045f2679a5112a92fb2718ee90bca8","title":"Trap Instruction","order":1},{"id":"seed_232a392d9cc9343d63805f827e1929c2","title":"System Call Number","order":2},{"id":"seed_e549cc980c5ea1cd925663d2790f69bc","title":"Parameter Passing","order":3},{"id":"seed_3a6367432d240219106e46cdfab95b76","title":"Return to User Mode","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1f5af05d88b718fb8bad812f1c507b13","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"System Call Types","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"system-call-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b5926c9e8bd269e66cb9bbc19d7741ef","title":"Process Control System Calls","order":0},{"id":"seed_cc268204e6cb3f6a4672545f6079d717","title":"File Management System Calls","order":1},{"id":"seed_1bc1423f2aded3ebe6ec03ec709745cd","title":"Device Management System Calls","order":2},{"id":"seed_035b28512bde84fddc710d3c2c30df07","title":"Information Maintenance System Calls","order":3},{"id":"seed_f3f7191ca648ebd93bb83476895e7917","title":"Communication System Calls","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_0ff105e065cd1375b969a854613682f1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"POSIX Interface: The Portable Operating System Standard","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"posix-interface","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_fe467e09bf4c75bbaa90272c1b27bcb0","title":"The POSIX Standard","order":0},{"id":"seed_9d21fb056883fe5cabf3d76936583d3f","title":"Common POSIX Calls","order":1},{"id":"seed_9702cea32495bfea2a907b6b40c20826","title":"Portability Benefits","order":2},{"id":"seed_432cbe4dc69d4c3cbdb445813faf9e70","title":"POSIX Compliance","order":3},{"id":"seed_a44cb348daa6888ef153002fe668d8c8","title":"Real-World Usage","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_80f17dc5d70a0bae02aa38ac830d5dae","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"Windows API","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"windows-api","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_9a15aa27153496f5a007607123a9a889","title":"Win32/Win64 API","order":0},{"id":"seed_6d01d071ec7a2bdab1cd2cce91bb530a","title":"Windows System Calls","order":1},{"id":"seed_3a4e180aeaa6e6fa29e83ce1b57cd9d8","title":"Handle-Based Access","order":2},{"id":"seed_1b92a391b697dcfaca1c4f77b13abf55","title":"Registry Operations","order":3},{"id":"seed_7ed27e5df8d1ec7a1e9a1c2ebea4cd6e","title":"Comparison with POSIX","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4b4dbf12032d712927f668a6e1fc3d0b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"Library Functions vs System Calls","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"library-functions-vs-system-calls","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_9637b57aadbe7d187eb290c0bdb714be","title":"C Library (libc)","order":0},{"id":"seed_fbc30861934470c56115cd9fa653cb78","title":"Buffering in Libraries","order":1},{"id":"seed_2902533a8c698a48b2fd8a4cee8f7ade","title":"Performance Considerations","order":2},{"id":"seed_38659c8fdedadf841e2f029fbeecc522","title":"When to Use Each","order":3},{"id":"seed_1ededd2103e2642f4a5ced15274c25d5","title":"strace and Debugging","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9021890711dd458837c4f54fbd4973c5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls Api","sectionOrder":5,"title":"System Call Implementation","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"system-call-implementation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6b92703e70bea1f1d1bd0cf69d7a8a87","title":"User-Space Wrapper","order":0},{"id":"seed_685771b2baf59cff7bcd2109d332d43e","title":"Context Switch","order":1},{"id":"seed_d2ff3f0c2cc11f99bf297272fd459a0d","title":"Kernel Handler","order":2},{"id":"seed_0f8b69d03c5b7be90115a2747fb4003a","title":"Parameter Validation","order":3},{"id":"seed_4b6ebf41c1502dfab7f61b20c1b7bcb6","title":"Error Handling","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_077f486143700610ae3fc15ec7dca0d2","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process Definition","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-definition","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f661166fd2d767ffc100f34869deb57f","title":"Program vs Process","order":0},{"id":"seed_a6e62fa71cb0e543aaabf8049899ba02","title":"Process as Execution Unit","order":1},{"id":"seed_ef5b7b04224b3cef336f6329270d00f1","title":"Multiple Instances","order":2},{"id":"seed_57676a32efdad679157537d0339c1f0d","title":"Process Characteristics","order":3},{"id":"seed_e701f4cc920f3ead636dddd01a75c27b","title":"Process Lifecycle","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d60354496ce5346a5f33ab1e9b4b67ba","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process Control Block (PCB)","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-control-block","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6f261344b4ce60d41b373cb75f7dc7a4","title":"PCB Contents: The Process Identity Card","order":0},{"id":"seed_27bf9c16d3e176fdbb09b33d3bcb83bb","title":"Process State: The Lifecycle Status Indicator","order":1},{"id":"seed_3ecc25dfd8d81d37c4cef45c56aabe8e","title":"Program Counter: The Execution Bookmark","order":2},{"id":"seed_a8083736b2f7eaeee5f070c408edc3bc","title":"CPU Registers: The Complete Execution State","order":3},{"id":"seed_9ac365b14e8455c50b06674ff82ac19f","title":"Memory Management Info: Tracking the Virtual Address Space","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_932edb67e048a2aa3949ccad1c000032","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process States","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-states","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_bd8f7da2708bf20984cc2fc447a707e8","title":"New State: Process Creation and Admission","order":0},{"id":"seed_aa2c18534775b952ab3c87bf7d1d49be","title":"Ready State: Waiting for CPU Allocation","order":1},{"id":"seed_7137ffcf9098093754461f63dea213fb","title":"Running State: Active CPU Execution","order":2},{"id":"seed_d37b602d2d42538b8d50854ec7f780b1","title":"Waiting (Blocked) State: Suspended Until Event","order":3},{"id":"seed_1c323f96cdb15963cb4668f8cefffdae","title":"Terminated State: Process Lifecycle Completion","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8b6f755f9699c9ea81bb12f165930890","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process State Transitions","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"state-transitions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7ee6e7e499364b786853d782789de32b","title":"Admit: New → Ready","order":0},{"id":"seed_b5d5d96f82adfe9d38b084fa432f6734","title":"Dispatch: Ready → Running","order":1},{"id":"seed_45f4acd74e6e0b8a3d9974a1ee2c61cb","title":"Timeout: Running → Ready","order":2},{"id":"seed_bdaf84ddc141ac62a5380684d6bd4189","title":"Block: Running → Waiting","order":3},{"id":"seed_f1a0392f0fb10945ba1d20377ac705a8","title":"Wake: Waiting → Ready","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4edfc277c91ec64c1fe2524c3a10dff7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process Queues: Managing System Resources","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-queues","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_363dea7e9c19f3b3862279154c64f0cb","title":"Job Queue: The Complete System Perspective","order":0},{"id":"seed_c49427655efb61b50fe7be11666b6f8a","title":"Ready Queue: The Gateway to CPU Execution","order":1},{"id":"seed_de59ec740180e7fca8b123f1e8d5c9f0","title":"Device Queues: Managing I/O-Bound Processes","order":2},{"id":"seed_36726d60af8b4ebd242eee2a7583f477","title":"Queue Implementation: Data Structures for Process Management","order":3},{"id":"seed_b99917f3649a579be6a93fe6ad914632","title":"Queue Management: Policies, Balancing, and Optimization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_c548e97a99451cf65520d1c3ca157603","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Context Switching: The Heart of Multitasking","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"context-switching","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b5125625ad5a7c9d0936e7ce19a81acb","title":"What Triggers Context Switch","order":0},{"id":"seed_34fd1ed2a87e9cdc3a82e8c2d50ee163","title":"Saving Context: Preserving Execution State","order":1},{"id":"seed_105c9d3a7fd505169f5560f365fd73fb","title":"Restoring Context: Resuming Execution","order":2},{"id":"seed_90de57d08acd663aadc619b102eef418","title":"Context Switch Overhead: The Hidden Performance Cost","order":3},{"id":"seed_80c4e2833a9a0dde113221d73b90065e","title":"Minimizing Context Switches: Strategies for Performance","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d3b0ef17f2731b131288d4e78876410b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"Process Creation","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-creation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_05af6c8a412f9ad9bd679ee50f840dca","title":"Parent-Child Relationship","order":0},{"id":"seed_2a4067d803c9ef3d97a97cc1a5324343","title":"Process Tree","order":1},{"id":"seed_aa1554856b374fe3023a20928a495acc","title":"Resource Sharing Options","order":2},{"id":"seed_7b0db8e9cdd57a8ba2796a71f7d07979","title":"Execution Options","order":3},{"id":"seed_1b81cf45a800851d21f4b2a04c0661c8","title":"Address Space Options","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_188e252485047268d55ce1e8d6010d59","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"The fork() System Call","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fork-system-call","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_106e78f6772907031048bbb916c6cc21","title":"fork() Semantics","order":0},{"id":"seed_0fb95669d6fb8c5a26517075f24a10c7","title":"Return Values","order":1},{"id":"seed_bedabd7b781fd78d6eacee2fcf84ab92","title":"Copy-on-Write","order":2},{"id":"seed_49166e44df252cb3e1c2c11ea35079c9","title":"Parent vs Child Execution","order":3},{"id":"seed_710d3f0bf4dc69cf28534e444b0052a7","title":"Fork Bombs and Prevention","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_67342be312dd695308c4d12f84ebfbc3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"The exec() Family of System Calls","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"exec-family","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_935784fb98b3325b0a90a6f920e57071","title":"exec() Variants","order":0},{"id":"seed_397e88bb5aced4a40c04c05b0507e428","title":"Replacing the Process Image","order":1},{"id":"seed_428838788b6ceb3984e9d3a58900b861","title":"Argument Passing","order":2},{"id":"seed_5d8ab3e699ed5ad4f130366e39391b94","title":"Environment Variables","order":3},{"id":"seed_78c0d9b5cfed54c85bc83190ce4b2880","title":"The Fork-Exec Pattern","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_57250ecb2cb222d18431a0df69ea7d38","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"Process Termination","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-termination","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b16171af2c587e3ff60693ebc9293f71","title":"Normal Termination (exit)","order":0},{"id":"seed_8eb1f11798c1fb65827e6bdfd3097574","title":"Abnormal Termination","order":1},{"id":"seed_528b0288426dbbee035a83cf48f03f91","title":"Return Status","order":2},{"id":"seed_8524441c7242194002d565463e30970c","title":"Resource Cleanup","order":3},{"id":"seed_2cfe768cd822fb15de0fc98a2d290d3e","title":"Cascading Termination","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_07a7906e50bf512fc33e1f702cd10a6d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"Orphans and Zombies: Handling Parent-Child Process Anomalies","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"orphans-and-zombies","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_417ebf555c05e71ee26c52772f402ef5","title":"Orphan Processes: When Parents Vanish","order":0},{"id":"seed_98210842eedb129f848f3019611f5dc9","title":"Adoption by init: The Universal Foster Parent","order":1},{"id":"seed_1925830da210229241fb8eeb85d1b1dc","title":"Zombie Processes: The Undead of Unix","order":2},{"id":"seed_eb9ceb67c375ba229193669f102db191","title":"Zombie Accumulation: When the Dead Overwhelm the Living","order":3},{"id":"seed_7cb9cba4b68687afd3f0cb2fdf3a347a","title":"Prevention Strategies: Building Robust Process Management","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4d33225e45483b73ca9b58a507cf087b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation Termination","sectionOrder":8,"title":"wait() and waitpid() System Calls","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"wait-and-waitpid","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_590ebee6828e9df20bf522e9a2fd0026","title":"Waiting for Children","order":0},{"id":"seed_749566aa098933514cf7f10d31212232","title":"Collecting Exit Status","order":1},{"id":"seed_af29589cb5bc60e41fbc6ca0fa39c8b4","title":"Blocking vs Non-blocking","order":2},{"id":"seed_7fe8b0aa2c4b6bedf01e90476e631967","title":"Handling Multiple Children","order":3},{"id":"seed_8dd0c79ee21e80f703ad30cc51fee30b","title":"Status Macros","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_20a9c35106e25d5006789fb949a26a78","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"IPC Overview","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ipc-overview","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f3754521c03369fdd2b0e30e504526d8","title":"Why IPC is Needed","order":0},{"id":"seed_a2e1d86999d5422ad93ed8987ccf947c","title":"Shared Memory Model","order":1},{"id":"seed_b545b8ec8dbb15f0d56db942677b6d54","title":"Message Passing Model","order":2},{"id":"seed_379f9bc11538e06ff47ac761d96e3ff6","title":"Comparison: Shared Memory vs Message Passing","order":3},{"id":"seed_3b50b6a9bff23b97d7f61b15b0be75e4","title":"Choosing the Right IPC Mechanism","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_6938a68a7cc9e78c966d4b5a5e3dfda8","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Pipes – Fundamental IPC Mechanism","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"pipes","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a581a988f66e3f2ef9dfb459a8f99ff6","title":"Anonymous Pipes","order":0},{"id":"seed_57bc37d43f9fa72a607c74e900062909","title":"The pipe() System Call","order":1},{"id":"seed_425b3c6809a21810f5e292a0589345c6","title":"Unidirectional Communication","order":2},{"id":"seed_797373c9b913c25e04e16bd3c186f527","title":"Parent-Child Communication","order":3},{"id":"seed_ec5044706b8b65d6e0665260043863a9","title":"Pipe Limitations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2c83fc712179dd03bf000225ec6e304b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Named Pipes (FIFOs): Persistent Inter-Process Communication","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"named-pipes-fifos","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_194adc33f833af9b752faff15e6f9cf2","title":"FIFO Creation: Building Named Pipes from the Ground Up","order":0},{"id":"seed_128a5eb26a3d90ce23ac8d1b9472b4ca","title":"Unrelated Process Communication: The Power of Named Pipes","order":1},{"id":"seed_008fe8a4dba4a5135079dfea8ecabb18","title":"Blocking Behavior: Mastering FIFO Synchronization Semantics","order":2},{"id":"seed_7ba2c95616f465223e23800a29203d8f","title":"FIFO Limitations: Understanding the Boundaries","order":3},{"id":"seed_6da86cde6e82e4cc17d7bdf3b8ae0bd6","title":"Use Cases: FIFOs in Real-World Systems","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b8be570290835678ecc04f0652594858","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Message Queues","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-message-queues","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7923dc51b4e4e1e8f6c1be97989b6b79","title":"System V Message Queues","order":0},{"id":"seed_bc0c2210b51587ba99beb37fd4902880","title":"POSIX Message Queues","order":1},{"id":"seed_0e6d7e631c076dc6e9f1ccaaab99b25a","title":"Message Types","order":2},{"id":"seed_cde9ce23c65e857e8e1e4f85fe1133ae","title":"Priority Ordering","order":3},{"id":"seed_0e5318286e45e09ca356fc057a65c04b","title":"Advantages of Message Queues","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b37f87427b64dbe1b3606c3b7d5253a9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Shared Memory: The Fastest IPC Mechanism","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"shared-memory","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a4f9b83ca7cf8f4ca36c59f18f8717ba","title":"Creating Shared Memory","order":0},{"id":"seed_6cd0d82667257a67a4c7262632f1dbcb","title":"Attaching and Detaching Shared Memory","order":1},{"id":"seed_32a7ac1cdd2636669dbf3fb01b5242f0","title":"Synchronization Requirements","order":2},{"id":"seed_392b25adb8b835ef3004a6f7c226da91","title":"Performance Benefits","order":3},{"id":"seed_732f1812188a6b4585f1a500aab6cd15","title":"POSIX Shared Memory","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8a100b935bf7f5cba81a227fd2bb1cf4","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Signals: Software Interrupts for Process Communication","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"signals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ae3e59be4d863eb4061ac7f488c3dccc","title":"Signal Concepts: Understanding Software Interrupts","order":0},{"id":"seed_af19186d4ae7974138e3d7dacce0ddac","title":"Common Signals: The UNIX Signal Vocabulary","order":1},{"id":"seed_e78f8894db83fac0aa4cc5fa8e57f20d","title":"Signal Handlers: Installing and Implementing Correctly","order":2},{"id":"seed_04820d03c131490b35774360dd345eea","title":"Sending Signals: Inter-Process Signal Transmission","order":3},{"id":"seed_206490b3de4d2ac4bcc3a03baaa69e39","title":"Signal Reliability: Edge Cases and Robustness","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_42c2a0ddd8fc2bf250e986feb527df3b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Scheduling Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"scheduling-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_9bcee6f099cb80334b0a14816cb3e401","title":"CPU Burst and I/O Burst","order":0},{"id":"seed_072d0ce3da6ae15e164b5526620d305e","title":"CPU-bound vs I/O-bound","order":1},{"id":"seed_f687887fc0c51b3b15feabe57ef9d8ae","title":"Preemptive vs Non-preemptive","order":2},{"id":"seed_9ef6f93eb0623d8b358a890405be5fd3","title":"Scheduling Criteria","order":3},{"id":"seed_f4a46c572912bd0e38dbf1aecb53ca5a","title":"Dispatcher","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_87bec7889b7fec9ebcc318cdbd6a0559","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"First-Come, First-Served (FCFS)","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"first-come-first-served","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_42df6610fd5b682e073a941f877f68d7","title":"FCFS Algorithm","order":0},{"id":"seed_f2b8195464f72ee16384b46cf5da44c4","title":"FIFO Queue","order":1},{"id":"seed_630433e828d99ac6a7a1e2f249b64cb4","title":"Convoy Effect","order":2},{"id":"seed_29820586d93df0829587968e9deecc04","title":"Advantages and Limitations","order":3},{"id":"seed_e4c6dc736137a42df5e8e4e452384bad","title":"Gantt Chart Analysis","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_87b81c518aed7bd3cdb4482412c43e90","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Shortest Job First (SJF) & SRTF","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"sjf-and-srtf","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_9c1d79c23a916288346090ded0ac25e6","title":"SJF Algorithm","order":0},{"id":"seed_8af84d46462e3575484dd39d8b353fcd","title":"Optimal for Average Wait Time","order":1},{"id":"seed_d2d005dbbe497ebdcee442a4e9100ea8","title":"Prediction Challenges","order":2},{"id":"seed_88f6d6501f920c73a5200eaf32c11b37","title":"SRTF (Preemptive SJF)","order":3},{"id":"seed_85982fd92e5a87d8d0ca75995a58f12c","title":"Starvation Problem","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_aa42e026909c36d09b71b4e929d0f830","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"LRTF & HRRN Scheduling Algorithms","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"lrtf-and-hrrn","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_968978d18fa0014292eb80ff859c9a1b","title":"Longest Remaining Time First (LRTF)","order":0},{"id":"seed_49625642b40089a99dfcd220735756d7","title":"Highest Response Ratio Next (HRRN)","order":1},{"id":"seed_e9a284c15f20a1db94a9faf17acbd422","title":"Response Ratio Formula: Mathematical Foundations","order":2},{"id":"seed_9e213d97de7390ae1bae2405ccc3f938","title":"Aging Mechanism: Preventing Starvation","order":3},{"id":"seed_dc5c951843f6e954e6d980cd9822645c","title":"Comprehensive Algorithm Comparison","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2cf39c51ad3b333119373b476d1a7a2d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Priority Scheduling","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"priority-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_5aac9d15127bd193c24e6e86d046ca99","title":"Priority Assignment","order":0},{"id":"seed_b4e6676da9ecd674aab0ec10dbc61850","title":"Preemptive vs Non-Preemptive Priority Scheduling","order":1},{"id":"seed_7cf9c2e19b6bf65dec67338c4e0e1876","title":"The Starvation Problem","order":2},{"id":"seed_879d6cba0cf0f7d6a4cfbbbfee49363a","title":"The Aging Solution","order":3},{"id":"seed_30fedf1a791f121b9bc24db117305eec","title":"Multiple Priority Levels","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a654fb84db3346da0c6d9bc83d4d5d58","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Round Robin & Multi-Level Queue Scheduling","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"round-robin-and-multi-level-queue","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d454696bee2f33891cac67b1ffc0bc0c","title":"Round Robin Algorithm","order":0},{"id":"seed_2d20b2d5a2157b9babded9b835f4b5b6","title":"Time Quantum Selection","order":1},{"id":"seed_859dd27e5e0628345ea6bb85fdd7980c","title":"Multi-Level Queue Scheduling","order":2},{"id":"seed_600a91dbf58d5f094ec4dcdca1d15f96","title":"Multi-Level Feedback Queue (MLFQ)","order":3},{"id":"seed_c8b08229ce44afe621501ac83de8501e","title":"Queue Movement Policies","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_84d9ae211ca63350c5015c92962347ce","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Thread Fundamentals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-fundamentals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_399ce97a5f8e1a25817472639cc18f85","title":"Thread Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_8ff1b83f7a0294a1c3d6f573fc44e3c4","title":"Thread vs Process","order":1},{"id":"seed_834c593cf67c9faf6df99a506141505f","title":"Shared Resources","order":2},{"id":"seed_f58e546d4986506bc8c19ccbf2571294","title":"Thread-Specific Resources","order":3},{"id":"seed_315c91a70224453dac463d1fdee707d9","title":"Benefits of Threading","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e8de0944542297d2927e25437ca5ff5c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"User-Level Threads","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"user-level-threads","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1ba9d36e4037fe7a4a9c80bb085b3c5b","title":"Thread Library in User Space","order":0},{"id":"seed_3926ef4d89250fbe9fda34f347822a4c","title":"Fast Context Switching","order":1},{"id":"seed_a196b67cdc937e19f88bd6db5bfa25a0","title":"No Kernel Awareness","order":2},{"id":"seed_c9a8873c258f06bce2ac6a7986e5d5de","title":"The Blocking Problem","order":3},{"id":"seed_35bc7cbdf64e9e56fcdac415c9662409","title":"Green Threads","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d65203d8191335be6756f1fc3662f58a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Kernel-Level Threads","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"kernel-level-threads","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_548b1a9d118e3e0424f3020253bc7fb6","title":"Kernel Thread Support","order":0},{"id":"seed_5d53ab95969d387fb9aae29f1c27547d","title":"System Call Per Thread","order":1},{"id":"seed_c9917f8b42feef9afc9be6b06965a025","title":"True Parallelism","order":2},{"id":"seed_c28861e7221c1e2a3943045d2f79f37a","title":"Overhead Considerations","order":3},{"id":"seed_aafdbe0e57df24a7c8236b5ab14d67bf","title":"Modern OS Support","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1147b92814dd4a879d191ad966fa2628","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Threading Models: Mapping User and Kernel Threads","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"threading-models","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_18d4f46b43a0cdc6f3a507bca8fddfb9","title":"Many-to-One Model","order":0},{"id":"seed_ad56a27c75a468dd2e4289dba918a2a1","title":"One-to-One Model","order":1},{"id":"seed_cfd2883dd23f422723a9c3a2c9d2bd3f","title":"Many-to-Many Model","order":2},{"id":"seed_a051369798002de599b2896cc35f7a16","title":"Two-Level Model","order":3},{"id":"seed_db5881b97ae56080e16361dd1f38763a","title":"Model Comparison","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_45942b7628dcb2c31cbc02a7ebf6953d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Thread Libraries","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-libraries","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_c50f51123bf9de885b2549998cee0da1","title":"Pthreads (POSIX Threads)","order":0},{"id":"seed_b29d96d502f9fe200a5e76fbc942709f","title":"Windows Threads","order":1},{"id":"seed_1ac2e5e6e178404a0bf67f93c9a23bce","title":"Java Threads","order":2},{"id":"seed_ae0c57fffa2be5e61f5a098b0ffe5425","title":"Thread Creation","order":3},{"id":"seed_c1c183a0944f0c8d26c8a172fcce5a06","title":"Thread Joining","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a75092c3cf00c5ca285943bbca9958f3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Thread Issues","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-issues","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a6f7c4ffd98366ceb0bda3e8be04325f","title":"Thread Cancellation","order":0},{"id":"seed_db431e8277e44654b22ba0749d5d4793","title":"Signal Handling in Threads","order":1},{"id":"seed_e039bd5ab06d15e017cdcfab4a72c7cb","title":"Thread-Local Storage","order":2},{"id":"seed_ab395df003a8047759d9b6aeaa9eecb6","title":"Thread Safety","order":3},{"id":"seed_83f2a2d46145cfb9927217cf3d8a6a0f","title":"Reentrancy","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_7712ba1c01e9ee5fabc424b5c4723c99","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Concurrency Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"concurrency-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a3ba0eada198e12cf7af15f1490b5d07","title":"Concurrency vs Parallelism","order":0},{"id":"seed_6feea0ce4e08635948ffda5201cda15a","title":"Sequential Consistency","order":1},{"id":"seed_f5a174050a5fc2d15c26a0248f321e0b","title":"Data Races","order":2},{"id":"seed_744d88251689bf21f9aa0f490e2b3e9c","title":"Critical Regions","order":3},{"id":"seed_621772faee12e9f995395b56ca39797c","title":"Atomicity","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_fd5bc15b164eadabd248b2006512dbaf","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Fork-Join Model","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fork-join-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6fe42aeffa9ac01bba83832954bd5edc","title":"Fork Operation","order":0},{"id":"seed_a3a254ef4d815b1af638ac90123c5efa","title":"Join Operation","order":1},{"id":"seed_d8bd60ab19be8295e573368152d9ebbd","title":"Task Decomposition","order":2},{"id":"seed_91868ffc5975bc2488369b07afd49216","title":"Java Fork/Join Framework","order":3},{"id":"seed_e9121c52a61376f6ad2187359545392a","title":"Parallel Divide-and-Conquer","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2a7bf29b720b17371ef92b924755cc80","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"The parbegin-parend Model: Structured Concurrent Execution","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"parbegin-parend-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_baea6dcda92df8d550414c4b68866260","title":"Parallel Block Notation","order":0},{"id":"seed_16705c4853b179552d6fe455d7935de1","title":"Structured Parallelism","order":1},{"id":"seed_2a1bcb1b32289a3b5b8527051518bd11","title":"Cobegin-Coend","order":2},{"id":"seed_4a5f035b8560e651b32480f2f33b6f88","title":"Synchronization Points","order":3},{"id":"seed_6420b32a11e6e6182bb62e1d698912ff","title":"Academic Notation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1cee940d03b7febd2b73411f06a914fb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Thread Pools","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-pools","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1fc1c84f67d975106c40b9ddec21291a","title":"Pool Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_20043c1708f678366939102715962c60","title":"Worker Threads","order":1},{"id":"seed_65e2694550740b1823f6ca2ce27b1d12","title":"Task Queue","order":2},{"id":"seed_350066d857c3636a758b81c4c6f1090a","title":"Pool Sizing","order":3},{"id":"seed_4014206b36ba1556e9e4608abe801729","title":"Benefits","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_bfd74c13ce11b9491b087cf01dd8a168","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Asynchronous Programming","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"asynchronous-programming","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_9ee1a4d66acedb3d2bf3eb687533a80e","title":"Asynchronous Operations","order":0},{"id":"seed_31d069b8f415026cefef60116102469b","title":"Callbacks","order":1},{"id":"seed_cf0b0ab0064c2776415b45e4d39bf66c","title":"Futures and Promises","order":2},{"id":"seed_28e7b6716fd1a8c01003bc05a3a8c1d2","title":"Event Loops","order":3},{"id":"seed_0af6a5d6e2ba5a8494c31178eaa78409","title":"Async/Await Patterns","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_513e0e1ded7d6283caae3de9b896a46b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Common Concurrency Patterns","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"common-concurrency-patterns","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_97f57d516f043c84bc4c8f456eb0575d","title":"Producer-Consumer Pattern","order":0},{"id":"seed_d5f5c156fcbf489314a9aaa597ef273d","title":"Reader-Writer Pattern","order":1},{"id":"seed_0f20b13c5e20be2665aac7b12e3dc1f5","title":"Pipeline Pattern","order":2},{"id":"seed_2cc8d9e6b14648998d5cbef798c4c84d","title":"Map-Reduce Pattern","order":3},{"id":"seed_45a4ca84cf970ea5a575b92d94624055","title":"Actor Model","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ec50e85045d715685069205035d72720","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Multi-Processor Scheduling","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"multi-processor-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_bd33f187a22d405b031995e39b8d62e6","title":"Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMP)","order":0},{"id":"seed_9e8c94bbbd80e74ffbf407ef530f4cdb","title":"Asymmetric Multiprocessing (AMP)","order":1},{"id":"seed_7fabc5144982237b244c3237e87a4e6d","title":"Processor Affinity","order":2},{"id":"seed_057fe332d5e49667102844e4859b6d5b","title":"Load Balancing","order":3},{"id":"seed_abe10384fb6f8cc107c563b490b6ffb4","title":"NUMA Considerations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_3f2fc1678dd6a01fde9a807692bba569","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Load Balancing in Multiprocessor Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-load-balancing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_5f81d9b47621626e9229e63f36d3f3ac","title":"Push Migration: Proactive Load Distribution","order":0},{"id":"seed_4511c9fc0afb0eb3a9a91ef4f9bbb46b","title":"Pull Migration: Demand-Driven Load Distribution","order":1},{"id":"seed_c56ec33efb315f1af16cfb001df73c99","title":"Work Stealing: Algorithmic Load Balancing","order":2},{"id":"seed_18bc9121a8a8bf51fc3c5574cccac339","title":"Balancing Frequency: The When of Load Distribution","order":3},{"id":"seed_2fd8efaeb25d379193ad95d215d4df82","title":"Metrics: Measuring Load and Balance Quality","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a550b0a396ce7fabcfdd5d852d88708c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Processor Affinity","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"processor-affinity","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e2e917838074a009a4d04798ef870aa4","title":"Soft Affinity","order":0},{"id":"seed_c18cfb21aa33766000f9eb50061f1cc4","title":"Hard Affinity","order":1},{"id":"seed_35ce5882bc8a374f483595e0f498de0d","title":"Cache Effects","order":2},{"id":"seed_100ea28857314bfc8587cc6497dc91da","title":"Setting Affinity","order":3},{"id":"seed_7bd43b8f4197ef51c5a2767ea488d507","title":"Performance Implications","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_dc62ac0fcc6707daf18963371012f01e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Real-Time Scheduling","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-cpu-scheduling-advanced-real-time-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_82cc248293d113d2fc20203ad0a8c53a","title":"Hard vs Soft Real-Time","order":0},{"id":"seed_de7adeec4427138ced09320a9c522a37","title":"Deadline Scheduling","order":1},{"id":"seed_ec364106fa557f4b9b7730295cc2a4df","title":"Rate-Monotonic Scheduling","order":2},{"id":"seed_98b355692c92338be0b6fd3fbd337fb2","title":"Earliest Deadline First (EDF)","order":3},{"id":"seed_058608331be8f8f662a18dd0d12cd1de","title":"Feasibility Analysis","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9a7a209c38cbdf505869ca78f3755493","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Linux Scheduling","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_cb83c1e0909036f90563ff5f6043235c","title":"Completely Fair Scheduler (CFS)","order":0},{"id":"seed_8da161cac7461ae41434acdf72fce940","title":"Virtual Runtime","order":1},{"id":"seed_a12cd02496581a8181c4e819e0779edd","title":"Red-Black Tree","order":2},{"id":"seed_e32efab2a9a59314b2ed00d4faa976c6","title":"Real-Time Policies","order":3},{"id":"seed_57122fa061a8acfff766cbca3c7fbb4b","title":"Nice Values","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ede70642db3e09cef4cf709ccff54f65","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Windows Scheduling","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"windows-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6ea5985cf45b98a974d5f3c616e4e90b","title":"Priority Classes","order":0},{"id":"seed_bb83219fc66c15f0a489fc7e10ddc24e","title":"Priority Levels","order":1},{"id":"seed_c82bbbb2aa517d827569ad1fa7adee44","title":"Priority Boosting","order":2},{"id":"seed_63fb9ba75b56d8649fc6a9e183741ccd","title":"Quantum Management","order":3},{"id":"seed_74a785a6a7b526b6b86342d6746874de","title":"Comparison with Linux","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_538a852460c650c526ab0c98cc6a39ab","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Race Conditions","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"race-conditions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2bb5c21c1acf50b394c2e23043f539db","title":"Race Condition Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_381aafcd9fee9ef6a35be3723822c5a8","title":"Non-deterministic Behavior","order":1},{"id":"seed_d33b1525d9937b8b5c4169eb2cc3cf7a","title":"Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU)","order":2},{"id":"seed_b71e7b2a6a8bfd5ddf98bcd95368b2be","title":"Race Condition Examples","order":3},{"id":"seed_897320e9c7070e954721a2a154fc9b8d","title":"Race Condition Detection","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b0391dad5390b2a5509d154284068c68","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"The Critical Section Problem","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"critical-section-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_30ed5bd860c8c89b38159352a3604d9e","title":"Critical Section Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_2de650f6205375452de48330f58b9735","title":"Entry Section","order":1},{"id":"seed_04c09c983a59657f660a65d4d7fe150c","title":"Exit Section","order":2},{"id":"seed_58fa5c7c04e5854e72ed979b0e38d01c","title":"Remainder Section","order":3},{"id":"seed_2bde40369c57a750f38737d8ef1d1f41","title":"Problem Requirements","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a2845ec49a964316d45468e706ca0ae0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Requirements for Solutions to the Critical Section Problem","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"requirements-for-solutions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d2222b8002539d2d1d6ab24ae56743fd","title":"Mutual Exclusion: The Cornerstone of Synchronization","order":0},{"id":"seed_379cc74fb3adfa19d34f75c2203787e0","title":"Progress: Preventing Unnecessary Blocking","order":1},{"id":"seed_d458daef0eae393cd4ff9cee2afcc68e","title":"Bounded Waiting: The Fairness Guarantee","order":2},{"id":"seed_a0393e82b0f8350b540ca64fc756d72c","title":"Solution Evaluation: A Systematic Framework","order":3},{"id":"seed_4c147181a91c037790cbb6bd3f104b55","title":"Correctness Proofs: Rigorous Verification","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_292c003373582ceb8518dc40d3d98e5a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Peterson's Solution","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"petersons-solution","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f6729bdce0bc63bf793796822ef83b11","title":"Two-Process Solution","order":0},{"id":"seed_62c81b3c459daa81b2e4cf6ab1f7d9ab","title":"Turn Variable","order":1},{"id":"seed_f38df1d1695b312c8215dc3fb33efc09","title":"Flag Array","order":2},{"id":"seed_f300d62f84b0af7eb172f1ccf7102234","title":"Correctness Proof","order":3},{"id":"seed_e26fb523847a3ece34a21003e95bf7a6","title":"Limitations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_734ef1c685c8634b040ec1d685812236","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Dekker's Algorithm","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"dekkers-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a8da72dd87cb23e365fb1dbbeab65003","title":"Historical First Solution","order":0},{"id":"seed_c0628287fd31d989a13bb06daa52f89a","title":"Turn-Based Approach","order":1},{"id":"seed_7cad54f95394057dd900ad6ba212aa0f","title":"Flag Mechanism","order":2},{"id":"seed_6d4b5b6067101f3fa3adaafbdb2eb628","title":"Comparison with Peterson","order":3},{"id":"seed_1e27af4546985475a2465b933a014648","title":"Limitations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_298e344dcd38b3be39e486afc23ba4ed","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Disabling Interrupts for Mutual Exclusion","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"disabling-interrupts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ab9b16becd539fae6863dc664d086ce8","title":"Interrupt Disable Approach","order":0},{"id":"seed_16362cadab404b9d9fa71a0d6e08f1c6","title":"Single Processor Only","order":1},{"id":"seed_f823b4d82bea0092d66fc3bd64513e4e","title":"Privileged Operation","order":2},{"id":"seed_f68e516b8519bd541d5d975d4568e7d2","title":"Limitations","order":3},{"id":"seed_79b630be1d81f552442183a62f521305","title":"When Appropriate","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1eddf95478ac90ee67e75d9a0dc7bcfb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks And Hardware Support","sectionOrder":15,"title":"Sleep and Wakeup Mechanisms","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"sleep-and-wakeup","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_4f8fb743a832342b0fb2e3097e1e8de5","title":"Sleep Mechanism","order":0},{"id":"seed_da734230b44faf46117d127bb7e981d3","title":"Wakeup Mechanism","order":1},{"id":"seed_505b76499658b4df6ea286af021a5553","title":"Lost Wakeup Problem","order":2},{"id":"seed_a51a305cd271e231984c5a3914801ed4","title":"Implementation Challenges","order":3},{"id":"seed_940038b7187315a7e28e832df5db61bd","title":"Integration with Scheduler","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_bdfe65adf78f9dc9ded3bde19c222b3a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Spinlocks","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"spinlocks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_5c10da714bfc82aed484809ee4adb925","title":"Busy Waiting Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_984925568aecacda53076f1c271bf8d8","title":"Spinlock Implementation","order":1},{"id":"seed_12905ff90f2bb7ee4aeceb4bef1a38de","title":"When Spinlocks Are Appropriate","order":2},{"id":"seed_2b0b65080f8964d230e968862b84bebd","title":"Spin Time Considerations","order":3},{"id":"seed_a715aa69eb71c9558b693a043d61851b","title":"Ticket Locks","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a5b9d700782c503cdfe833d9ebfa65f2","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Test-and-Set Lock (TSL): Hardware-Assisted Synchronization","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"test-and-set-lock","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6ba0f0d175ed90bcb277d1aaedfa1c4a","title":"Atomic Test-and-Set: The Foundation of Hardware Synchronization","order":0},{"id":"seed_c0fc907a772238737668ac1057b590e6","title":"Hardware Support: How Processors Guarantee Atomicity","order":1},{"id":"seed_4a8bcd01cef76ead81ad4c9f67249b7b","title":"TSL Implementation: From Theory to Practice","order":2},{"id":"seed_70831342993dd3bd69cc3e4649fdfbe7","title":"Lock Implementation with TSL: Building Complete Synchronization","order":3},{"id":"seed_a696db15973a3cc38433506f40642442","title":"The ABA Problem: Understanding and Preventing a Subtle Concurrency Bug","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4513483c67b0a39b1fb722040508bc07","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Compare-and-Swap: Foundation of Lock-Free Concurrency","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"compare-and-swap","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_0de1444182fe9b2a8b0dcaa7dc91c942","title":"The CAS Operation: Atomic Compare-and-Swap","order":0},{"id":"seed_79cdd490a12e8bb7870a8fd1fbc52c46","title":"Lock-Free Programming: Progress Without Blocking","order":1},{"id":"seed_40230a7edd3be9380151a2c02abd2d03","title":"CAS-Based Locks: From Spinlocks to Queue Locks","order":2},{"id":"seed_143d27b5da5eca8c121e52dc8ea15c23","title":"CAS Loops: The Heart of Atomic Programming","order":3},{"id":"seed_c24b0d337aa169418d26d61c880fe9ba","title":"CAS Performance: Latency, Throughput, and Optimization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_6f9347e8c8a4b551eb419c0f615eeb09","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Mutex Locks: Mutual Exclusion Primitives","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"mutex-locks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_4365636d225aece48dc2429dd670f369","title":"Mutex Concept: The Foundation of Mutual Exclusion","order":0},{"id":"seed_ab1f5c641e0057f88faa06a187bdf675","title":"Blocking vs Spinning: The Fundamental Mutex Tradeoff","order":1},{"id":"seed_770be97b53548533172c1e9a9a69e0ff","title":"Mutex Implementation: Building the Lock","order":2},{"id":"seed_db9a13de79861c2db2bacd6394c2779a","title":"Pthread Mutex: The POSIX Standard API","order":3},{"id":"seed_5f18b318c8d487eecb9e02bc45d4574a","title":"Recursive Mutex: When One Lock Isn't Enough","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a18feea107e575395b7aeb854a4b90bc","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Futex: Fast Userspace Mutex","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"futex","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2f94527fdf96cc79ea12bc513c726ddb","title":"Fast Userspace Mutex","order":0},{"id":"seed_d788bde910318a15ede13789e0036247","title":"Futex Operations","order":1},{"id":"seed_32766567e89f197a63d5eda23be0a7fd","title":"Kernel Involvement","order":2},{"id":"seed_c295a802e54c555898c13b9b4964b4c1","title":"Performance Benefits","order":3},{"id":"seed_77e73047a39f5b81addfd62e60a7ede5","title":"Linux Implementation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_0879fd294f8492fe9130f0cb34d4494b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores And Classic Problems","sectionOrder":17,"title":"Semaphore Implementation","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"semaphore-implementation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_4a219ba187d543a7f34e270e8e274c18","title":"Blocking Implementation","order":0},{"id":"seed_f64230a53c5a55ae96c556ae42e6a34c","title":"Spinlock-Based Implementation","order":1},{"id":"seed_c6d3c7ef7d1962479d031ce2d86753c4","title":"Kernel Implementation","order":2},{"id":"seed_aa13ff45589546848359eed7dff54969","title":"Fairness Considerations","order":3},{"id":"seed_6e76f5fd8e365a5092b41a4619f0c333","title":"Priority Inversion","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_6a3691fb18a17667a8883296b7df6a41","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores And Classic Problems","sectionOrder":17,"title":"The Dining Philosophers Problem","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"dining-philosophers-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1b5bad06fa6adc725a71cf65070d1a4e","title":"Problem Description","order":0},{"id":"seed_61910dee6576a785d897a7d4a929b251","title":"Deadlock Potential","order":1},{"id":"seed_c6fb2965c3a3765d35b55c57b1b7e718","title":"Semaphore Solution","order":2},{"id":"seed_a6cf0f725b16e5d020caca4ba86302c9","title":"Resource Ordering","order":3},{"id":"seed_7dc179a820eca0ec27ca3c24811a9873","title":"Other Solutions","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_095741f1b4c7f4efa518c717b9806687","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores And Classic Problems","sectionOrder":17,"title":"Other Classic Synchronization Problems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"other-classic-problems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_388d6e7a14203ed67c387d0d3b821539","title":"The Sleeping Barber Problem","order":0},{"id":"seed_4e35997d801469e6b83acda1e0db9658","title":"The Cigarette Smokers Problem","order":1},{"id":"seed_82b30c9653c9b5ce5c4b32db8b14454a","title":"Bounded Buffer Variations","order":2},{"id":"seed_24710acd93aafdf6bb4d9d9aab08f1f8","title":"Common Patterns in Synchronization Problems","order":3},{"id":"seed_f9803e1759315ad25a65959db1e9d9a2","title":"Solution Strategies for Synchronization Problems","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_81039f64343301d7139508dcd36f3c33","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores Classic Problems","sectionOrder":18,"title":"Semaphore Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"semaphore-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_eff34d59cc1688bc23586565302f3985","title":"Dijkstra's Semaphore","order":0},{"id":"seed_275f09bcef04f8312447833930bf2567","title":"Wait (P) Operation","order":1},{"id":"seed_4d0ea785c95a680db4b3c04695a63aa4","title":"Signal (V) Operation","order":2},{"id":"seed_f0972228e93aeb06e6a03de417ad202d","title":"Counting Semaphores","order":3},{"id":"seed_ce894f2d15a9f4547ec9d7620632dbbb","title":"Binary Semaphores","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_0a9e6ddf86fa8ec2dffdf17d2b9bdbf9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores Classic Problems","sectionOrder":18,"title":"The Producer-Consumer Problem","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"producer-consumer-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_515d6393e36506c55c38b6bb71982759","title":"Bounded Buffer: The Foundation of Producer-Consumer","order":0},{"id":"seed_9d6436ccf776a5fb90ccd273c4973057","title":"Producer Logic: Generating Data for the Buffer","order":1},{"id":"seed_e226266e469e706cc70dd6cf451b44b0","title":"Consumer Logic: Processing Data from the Buffer","order":2},{"id":"seed_cc33d91bf3500f0243a42d9af22d7e7a","title":"Semaphore Solution: The Complete Implementation","order":3},{"id":"seed_dccdd7ea31b80542dbf2a75f2d58fdb9","title":"Correctness Analysis: Proving the Solution Works","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_da67f7f18123f7ebbe89efec6e979798","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores Classic Problems","sectionOrder":18,"title":"Readers-Writers Problem","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"readers-writers-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_75fbfbda8e733f2910f3d178b58ef207","title":"Problem Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_b75cc52febf4b703f915927783cb1d39","title":"Readers Preference","order":1},{"id":"seed_28b33eacff4c1c5620a212a490e1da2d","title":"Writers Preference","order":2},{"id":"seed_91bab9040dfd85faf32d9cabad24e93e","title":"Fair Solution","order":3},{"id":"seed_f86f20e5d4bf326e821bf423331f4ddd","title":"Semaphore Solutions","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8ef0f7a09ed19f4d09fa071bd04edd39","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors And Condition Variables","sectionOrder":19,"title":"Monitor Concept","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"monitor-concept","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7e92876293f552d8109da941bf569232","title":"Monitor Abstraction","order":0},{"id":"seed_550bb8dbad49a63e3bbd63c6de348c20","title":"Automatic Mutual Exclusion","order":1},{"id":"seed_1603bd9266939df6c0d3410aba6a4342","title":"Encapsulation","order":2},{"id":"seed_3feebab866fac485e42c907b249f2a32","title":"Advantage Over Semaphores","order":3},{"id":"seed_a09467b9f2115ee32e77924981c24dfb","title":"Monitor Structure","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b378ecef8b5fb49e43e4397d2bf40f02","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors And Condition Variables","sectionOrder":19,"title":"Signal Semantics in Condition Variables","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"signal-semantics","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e38ba11c616503c62ccc232fd0977cab","title":"Signal and Wait: Immediate Transfer Semantics","order":0},{"id":"seed_e324a189cf4f1f78886e6f89e2397654","title":"Signal and Continue: Deferred Activation Semantics","order":1},{"id":"seed_7db2a9c4bd710d62bb80e380776792c7","title":"Mesa vs Hoare Semantics: The Two Paradigms","order":2},{"id":"seed_2659bb5ea52787fdcd892bda41d30e7b","title":"While vs If: The Correctness-Critical Choice","order":3},{"id":"seed_f71280f493884cd5febe1bceb67f5b43","title":"Practical Implications: From Theory to Production","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_7092734f4ee8ea0c9984e22c09d261a0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors And Condition Variables","sectionOrder":19,"title":"Broadcast: Waking Multiple Waiting Threads","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"broadcast","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a99d020310914317f5c30d1cb92e3094","title":"Broadcast Operation: Waking All Waiting Threads","order":0},{"id":"seed_f784dc664360f30ce63055f1ff5db2da","title":"When to Broadcast: Identifying the Right Scenarios","order":1},{"id":"seed_889a45c41e51a717d92844d2618812fc","title":"Thundering Herd: The Cost of Waking Too Many","order":2},{"id":"seed_8549fd37b62f6f6354105d6b2ae32cf3","title":"Performance Considerations: Analyzing Broadcast Costs","order":3},{"id":"seed_7d52ffb9fd643a154298585acf809a19","title":"Use Cases: Broadcast in Practice","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_db6eb17a2e348139dd6e783594e74073","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors Condition Variables","sectionOrder":20,"title":"Condition Variables: Synchronization for Complex Coordination","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"condition-variables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_44145c726c80333763a372ea8747e0b3","title":"Condition Variable Purpose","order":0},{"id":"seed_6860ead692b44aa7bb662e89d471dc5b","title":"Wait Operation","order":1},{"id":"seed_09b0fcf97e4432c5e51e60fefda00779","title":"Signal Operation","order":2},{"id":"seed_a7717ea9f8e7d720c1a49a7a205bff0c","title":"Relationship to Mutex","order":3},{"id":"seed_377a78cbf78846cba04abd6d4f868a43","title":"Multiple Conditions","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_697b459f7503e5c6c1785005deecb424","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors Condition Variables","sectionOrder":20,"title":"Pthread Condition Variables","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"pthread-condition-variables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a88c17b17fda8e4ef6ed84fbc914888c","title":"pthread_cond_t","order":0},{"id":"seed_0bb8c07ec37f85a3a67ae0adcffd1e09","title":"pthread_cond_wait","order":1},{"id":"seed_27ba9db8a78cc428cf062d4cbe81d353","title":"pthread_cond_signal","order":2},{"id":"seed_6a842bd8c11969be2c910f1525c4d35b","title":"pthread_cond_broadcast","order":3},{"id":"seed_dd1154ffe836921ac9313ea6f35dc68d","title":"Proper Usage Patterns","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b7edafb17356d821c60c3370cf2579e7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors Condition Variables","sectionOrder":20,"title":"Monitor-Based Solutions","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"monitor-based-solutions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_81bf544e0cc61d352c2a17debbbd5938","title":"Bounded Buffer with Monitors","order":0},{"id":"seed_5f03a4d9463ad92ea3110a2ed2ff9f0b","title":"Readers-Writers with Monitors","order":1},{"id":"seed_52f538f1d48d5e437a8054ac29e6f27a","title":"Dining Philosophers with Monitors","order":2},{"id":"seed_668c2d5f27ef237b20c6586b799eca70","title":"Comparison with Semaphores","order":3},{"id":"seed_eb10314feeae1d94a52df9fff120af64","title":"Implementation Patterns","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a51245be2f1a65549356f824272ebc67","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Understanding Deadlock Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"deadlock-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f5305e5b8206a5d423ea8a91d90b26b2","title":"Deadlock Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_0e554d83caf5bfc6f0a7542b97e2c642","title":"Resource Types","order":1},{"id":"seed_7a93124cb85ef13f972ac03eeb8e2514","title":"System Model","order":2},{"id":"seed_09d1fd439b698c90d8f01e8dc9889944","title":"Real-World Examples","order":3},{"id":"seed_22c47407228d2bf12efce9f6a941d6ba","title":"Livelock Distinction","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4334a5a41629eba66ae678384f7a3198","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Necessary Conditions for Deadlock","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"necessary-conditions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_8692af0ea1c9ea88116607e27c69cf44","title":"Mutual Exclusion","order":0},{"id":"seed_42cd177509129f122ef25c6d0cfe5759","title":"Hold and Wait","order":1},{"id":"seed_1aa030e50abe89c0c005426675b8dec6","title":"No Preemption","order":2},{"id":"seed_11cbd54dac8cd2189f1407512a28d887","title":"Circular Wait","order":3},{"id":"seed_fbad8a7ee13756dabe8ab9061e7342bf","title":"All Four Required","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_eba514d553d708252753631b90d328cf","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Resource Allocation Graph","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"resource-allocation-graph","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_eda34e9fe0964cf1e56e547d06f53505","title":"Graph Representation","order":0},{"id":"seed_3129979eaf012775ca5d59f7fb1a38f6","title":"Request Edges","order":1},{"id":"seed_fd9c0865ead986aae067d35d3959da29","title":"Assignment Edges","order":2},{"id":"seed_77dbc156984ffe75e0fdaaeee91fd221","title":"Cycle Detection","order":3},{"id":"seed_0cf0a593077976a4489b6f4f5fb8bc20","title":"Deadlock Identification","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_bb7f0a87d10c83a2d2af64a1f01103fc","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Deadlock Prevention Strategies","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"deadlock-prevention","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2e55c6450e1cc08cb9abeaed225c33cc","title":"Breaking Mutual Exclusion","order":0},{"id":"seed_f310603d8e2077af5e8087362eb9e926","title":"Breaking Hold and Wait","order":1},{"id":"seed_d2e38ab66b3112500a10e0f924d39dae","title":"Breaking No Preemption","order":2},{"id":"seed_52bc65e923a4cf28605a278d39458656","title":"Breaking Circular Wait","order":3},{"id":"seed_cd0cccad8b6f6977633ae28c851f545a","title":"Tradeoffs","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_736704f63cb8208d80c74ea8167d560a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Banker's Algorithm: Deadlock Avoidance","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"bankers-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_cb916a54e08c092614d835ae46da3806","title":"Safe State Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_0fb3c76f8f47c786b03855cef16292ce","title":"Safety Algorithm","order":1},{"id":"seed_016b9f5992530df9f7d2132e5b3fc71b","title":"Resource Request Algorithm","order":2},{"id":"seed_87d0336205be30ecae2cc77e2cf77add","title":"Multiple Instances","order":3},{"id":"seed_2b0d6a01a6afebead5b5436d438744aa","title":"Example Walkthrough","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ce49823af1ff69c3e6c04e24df43a55e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Deadlock Detection and Recovery","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"detection-and-recovery","description":null,"estimatedMins":60,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_555fcda612c772ecb414b07a021cf0e3","title":"Detection Algorithms","order":0},{"id":"seed_cc7a6639ffce638a6e1a7276ab97a09d","title":"Single Instance Detection","order":1},{"id":"seed_fd2a64d9404290e2cfc18d7fdd79b9b6","title":"Multiple Instance Detection","order":2},{"id":"seed_18de1786a80041ef6aaada33c9d19ed9","title":"Recovery Options","order":3},{"id":"seed_d5d2f9776fc3aa085154b6e133de7c63","title":"Process Termination","order":4},{"id":"seed_367b66e00f8a533d0f9ee79d6c6d15a0","title":"Resource Preemption","order":5}]},{"id":"seed_1359692a0cd69411d8512612b6e774c1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Memory Management Goals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-management-goals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7e80854902a48f565aec5376dcec5fce","title":"Memory Allocation","order":0},{"id":"seed_7c007627f0d96b186840ab147071a8b9","title":"Protection","order":1},{"id":"seed_50110492ffd6f74b86787947c10a7af4","title":"Sharing","order":2},{"id":"seed_e467133128f10b50d1197a8d7ab97cbb","title":"Logical Organization","order":3},{"id":"seed_7b6435d8fb6f59db01148a5ce7a94b82","title":"Physical Organization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_675f925abcc1f6bb1164f9a18fc17887","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Address Binding: From Source to Execution","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"address-binding","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2238412f10cb15cd849dd7a480ba102e","title":"Compile-time Binding","order":0},{"id":"seed_9202aec89777b705db74d4f58e91f112","title":"Load-time Binding","order":1},{"id":"seed_ce3bdd0a186dc1e18d8673d11a9c53df","title":"Execution-time Binding","order":2},{"id":"seed_a733cdd9ecbdb953e7aaa499db705b8a","title":"Relocatable Code","order":3},{"id":"seed_ab8d0721bc37f26c2214e44bae03312b","title":"Dynamic Loading","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_41f2ed027a756b7a34b1ee22d832f5f0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Understanding Logical vs Physical Addresses","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"logical-vs-physical-addresses","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_303d065c4e82d48b2cd15c4d3e1c5830","title":"Logical Address Space","order":0},{"id":"seed_c74a84b15ec1c4326e6afdfe8a8989cb","title":"Physical Address Space","order":1},{"id":"seed_6f67e8b00f0f6a4e31ce15614cec2f54","title":"Address Translation","order":2},{"id":"seed_545328da0f69dbd15febc0067a189080","title":"Memory Management Unit (MMU)","order":3},{"id":"seed_d50d1eb9ca39eb26d2d591404b56cc14","title":"Base and Limit Registers","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d3b080d578a2e4bcb2b240767bc2e833","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Linkers and Loaders","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linkers-and-loaders","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_3a45870b190736448f89970c53fc9028","title":"Compilation Process","order":0},{"id":"seed_6395b26409ecc4e8ceb9e2a89a42ff5a","title":"Object Files","order":1},{"id":"seed_3aefd25ddff1bd7574136fc5278e5af3","title":"Linking (Static and Dynamic)","order":2},{"id":"seed_cb911e18150b56126917963e5eb39f7c","title":"Loading Process","order":3},{"id":"seed_fd6081e973283aa2e65a3dd69361512e","title":"Relocatable Code","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_27a52b5c729f9c878badfdbf7dcc7211","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Swapping","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"swapping","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_eabde7acccddd1e72ea808895e7bd77f","title":"Swap Space","order":0},{"id":"seed_c2119419d38cb34a5248d00d7d30d7d1","title":"Swap In/Swap Out","order":1},{"id":"seed_2710f1abd0ec02a494a8ea483e1369d0","title":"Standard Swapping","order":2},{"id":"seed_5cbf93de9f7fc6aecad76a2ccbc9c400","title":"Swapping with Paging","order":3},{"id":"seed_1d744ade507b44e897e4c90cadf1444b","title":"Performance Considerations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_cb5a855d17df9d9fccf5a1ba85c07b2b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Overlays","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"overlays","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_9876720f679b13c464e2ceeeaf4c50bf","title":"Historical Technique","order":0},{"id":"seed_419f0fb92662c30194ecda56485f33d9","title":"Overlay Structure","order":1},{"id":"seed_c2b1a3f83fdb39100cfb727f9e53e9b7","title":"Manual Memory Management","order":2},{"id":"seed_b41f657a9eab9e9a46b05c1fd7c1b705","title":"Why Obsolete","order":3},{"id":"seed_5490837d7d679d26a4f7ba1bbd62288c","title":"Historical Significance","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a1f928a457011df2c378cddab161a114","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Contiguous Memory Allocation Fundamentals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"contiguous-allocation-concept","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e951c7d57436d8aef3d09a96c35bf6b5","title":"Single Partition Allocation","order":0},{"id":"seed_052b2314957a2d22da31d6b5d855bf61","title":"Multiple Partitions","order":1},{"id":"seed_c19db895995bca9c41e7dd7471c011f0","title":"Protection with Base/Limit Registers","order":2},{"id":"seed_2357421200a8c84dc5c74ae6ad049128","title":"Relocation Register","order":3},{"id":"seed_467d0e649fff235ee532abca9518601a","title":"Advantages and Limitations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_81f9769996020bf3795c83493b0eab2f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Fixed Partitioning: Static Memory Division","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fixed-partitioning","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ce9d45d3cde502b2e7c1a0f9eb5c299f","title":"Equal-Size Partitions","order":0},{"id":"seed_d0cc11e56a063e3387879103387a791d","title":"Unequal-Size Partitions","order":1},{"id":"seed_39e0bbc7f0446a7e0eeb10b66726e236","title":"Internal Fragmentation","order":2},{"id":"seed_b86458ce362b26b262da2c05607a064f","title":"Partition Assignment","order":3},{"id":"seed_94d7d1ebb0d02555bc85c3762a6a6d08","title":"Limitations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e4474bca96bd36e0763125f758e465d3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Variable Partitioning","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"variable-partitioning","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_59bfd15a14b30a7b5705d23fb6b7600b","title":"Dynamic Partition Creation","order":0},{"id":"seed_15d388158318cf1aef3c8f054c3861fe","title":"Hole Management","order":1},{"id":"seed_ca601bf54f1531fae01eea0810151d58","title":"External Fragmentation","order":2},{"id":"seed_88abbe92e6cab6106b3c3c100a3ee695","title":"Partition Allocation","order":3},{"id":"seed_dbc57e6e888780c61b9a53055cb9467e","title":"Deallocation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2abcdef14133b361fc8bc438caf85066","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Memory Allocation Strategies","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-contiguous-allocation-allocation-strategies","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_55eace933154210e3916fe28657673be","title":"First Fit Allocation Strategy","order":0},{"id":"seed_27c5a871e31fa519bc67b59d76213f4e","title":"Best Fit Allocation Strategy","order":1},{"id":"seed_756367a2d507cad3e7b80375ab3ad038","title":"Worst Fit Allocation Strategy","order":2},{"id":"seed_e308573f4b28c3edf7a1d89a752a90a0","title":"Next Fit Allocation Strategy","order":3},{"id":"seed_8c4654ac1b6886730fe101c13c89fba3","title":"Comparison and Analysis of Allocation Strategies","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_efac1ff2d107f726e496d816d5ad8230","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Memory Fragmentation: Internal and External","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-memory-fragmentation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_bf9a92f0f7e7e13919f2340df50dbc57","title":"Internal Fragmentation","order":0},{"id":"seed_17c9e5c80e868bb7f9c94aba1e8889c5","title":"External Fragmentation","order":1},{"id":"seed_bb82f55ac8ca9fe0906cbae907eba27d","title":"The 50-Percent Rule","order":2},{"id":"seed_b092e180eb052161f01b4c487e79c1c9","title":"Fragmentation Measurement","order":3},{"id":"seed_fc06d54f4d83c8d35c6de88851fbe15d","title":"Impact on Performance","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_708b1569a3837117c1f3abefc7ec8cd7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Compaction and Buddy System","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"compaction-and-buddy-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ef2fe080323d50423665bed262c578ba","title":"Memory Compaction","order":0},{"id":"seed_c62481c5cd293ded425b951a8bf6d15c","title":"Compaction Cost","order":1},{"id":"seed_574f0e26b0372fcdf97a3c0dcecf0652","title":"Buddy System Algorithm","order":2},{"id":"seed_7ea977cfb0aa70b0c8fbdd933ca48196","title":"Power-of-Two Allocation","order":3},{"id":"seed_ebd6b90e23c0bd49a322920508a97f16","title":"Buddy System Fragmentation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_7ec2df224624b43b377d8568aa4e7438","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Paging Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"paging-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_94ec3ea54603e18c0bb2a84210b9e71b","title":"Pages and Frames","order":0},{"id":"seed_59a1e43597debdb13edbff1d405e7a1a","title":"Page Size","order":1},{"id":"seed_1704a3afb7ebd5e59ad84f9f95302650","title":"Non-Contiguous Allocation","order":2},{"id":"seed_b82e8cc983c6c8aa75dd85fbe23c8c69","title":"No External Fragmentation","order":3},{"id":"seed_dbf14592beb37421df6adec386a334d5","title":"Internal Fragmentation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e6814eb8e4db13fd97cc5d2004ced057","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Page Tables","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"page-tables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_0b7c1f1749ff4afe3306d71ab8110848","title":"Page Table Structure","order":0},{"id":"seed_4c91a0d245d1d23a5d5586021dc1a219","title":"Page Table Entry (PTE)","order":1},{"id":"seed_e68c295751576e70429ed748377d651b","title":"Valid/Invalid Bit","order":2},{"id":"seed_0db4e6e627763d7ab56e3a6f36eb623e","title":"Protection Bits","order":3},{"id":"seed_c6161ac9aa1dc4b53ba5604a8df6bb6c","title":"Page Table Location","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9310e6e155aa02f9d5e95fc58087cbd9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Paging Address Translation Mechanisms","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"paging-address-translation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7902e2c6368f2e9036f209db8af9435b","title":"Page Number Extraction","order":0},{"id":"seed_7ef29b5aca7ec1f6c3210dc6649bf9d4","title":"Offset Extraction","order":1},{"id":"seed_09c67265c04b16c82b8c97b20d5da787","title":"Frame Lookup","order":2},{"id":"seed_7201a64f108babedfee0f656f0a920c5","title":"Physical Address Formation","order":3},{"id":"seed_3850b3fe1b48da1a36f1b386fe78336a","title":"Translation Example","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_5f3c7ed52b32aba9548a8057002274e4","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB)","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"translation-lookaside-buffer","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_c39c42c2df69a267f03692b7f068406b","title":"TLB Purpose","order":0},{"id":"seed_a6fb97c61ffcc5b8507dc43457e9ebbb","title":"Associative Memory","order":1},{"id":"seed_4592b2aa8d58e8b48572aa67961b0ade","title":"TLB Hit/Miss","order":2},{"id":"seed_61a217e9a1eff4362893b942558d7e98","title":"Effective Access Time","order":3},{"id":"seed_7b6fbf7323cdd090064654bd1825facd","title":"TLB Replacement","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_5bb9082c057bdb717b525fff885ee456","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Multi-Level Paging","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"multi-level-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1e700fc12e5799e7ebd0b855124cb802","title":"Two-Level Paging","order":0},{"id":"seed_53d9a0e76af4972baa2edece335747d7","title":"Three-Level Paging","order":1},{"id":"seed_a70c2b232aa6279a12acc58407f28f2c","title":"Hierarchical Page Tables","order":2},{"id":"seed_36e9c3ca3907cbc2529d4398e8842119","title":"Address Translation","order":3},{"id":"seed_2aadce3720b83d0f6cbd1f1a6c6d65a6","title":"Space-Time Tradeoff","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_7f589afea1b45ccdc3408081b0f2151d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Hash-based and Inverted Page Tables","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hash-based-and-inverted-page-tables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_8b7847384c569b1022b9e1ff2a774627","title":"Hashed Page Tables","order":0},{"id":"seed_fe8eefd7cc57d67c682542b75dde35a1","title":"Collision Handling in Hashed Page Tables","order":1},{"id":"seed_061344e78df57beba643404359073999","title":"Inverted Page Tables","order":2},{"id":"seed_b52e65f4650bcf88a6b8fdcbbaa7f242","title":"Single Table for All Processes","order":3},{"id":"seed_1487c933d22b41c312b8a5139d82fa4f","title":"Sharing Challenges in Inverted Page Tables","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_48d8b374c98648d28c552478caa5aba1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_918463e8f2a5cc9fa9daf9f9337f02c0","title":"Logical Segments","order":0},{"id":"seed_3808abbf13150c88bc69171209a7680d","title":"Code, Data, Stack Segments","order":1},{"id":"seed_af529713d7ad79a203c3637bcd364971","title":"Variable Segment Sizes","order":2},{"id":"seed_0bd291fe781d6afe2db6b4677837d4ef","title":"Programmer's View","order":3},{"id":"seed_43a7d16892a98c3514e8e85f2b673728","title":"Segment Table","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_49db44f086c862a4244afe70a9ab3d61","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segment Table","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segment-table","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6aaacc74997a6b278d619bb8b4aa6b44","title":"Segment Table Entry","order":0},{"id":"seed_64cb6f56ba506f68899c518ba714c2b3","title":"Segment Base","order":1},{"id":"seed_79c48178fcb1151f60fbb35bf095c3fa","title":"Segment Limit","order":2},{"id":"seed_45e68363788985f342239ae3c1434726","title":"Protection Bits","order":3},{"id":"seed_1345ed3c5610cb662ae6cca771d0c112","title":"Segment Table Location","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e8ac3489b567b6c68e50ade467c44586","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation Address Translation","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-address-translation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f330e53c74022cd58c7609d43e6567ab","title":"Segment Number","order":0},{"id":"seed_7b3aca5bfdd0206538fed77ce90035f8","title":"Offset Within Segment","order":1},{"id":"seed_970ad8298467902218912a3357459f9a","title":"Bounds Checking","order":2},{"id":"seed_bdd2adaf7db744edd9c77c3269d74784","title":"Physical Address Formation","order":3},{"id":"seed_4900af30263a69a7342ab4d69f88b0f9","title":"Translation Example","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_3319256c906738d99ab40424ce0cd7d1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation vs Paging: A Comprehensive Comparison","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-vs-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_89e5c6baf7ffe00ce738341c903d7a42","title":"Comprehensive Comparison Table: Segmentation vs Paging","order":0},{"id":"seed_8fb42d6360c6adc294578ef57644256d","title":"Fragmentation Differences: Internal vs External","order":1},{"id":"seed_0fb32dfbe902b0e994e20cef081e98bf","title":"Sharing Differences: Logical vs Physical Sharing","order":2},{"id":"seed_4f7f8e1288739c2423ee1cc86b20fcc3","title":"Protection Differences: Semantic vs Physical Boundaries","order":3},{"id":"seed_6667463d85551ff7e4f8f4571eb0b89e","title":"When to Use Each: Practical Design Guidelines","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_3e144f44f2889dbe917af33c51a204e3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation with Paging","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-with-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_548067ebd2bb74aef61019e27f167213","title":"Combined Approach","order":0},{"id":"seed_2c4d10a56165a5faae6d77951ecc3616","title":"Intel x86 Example","order":1},{"id":"seed_7d35d1f1ac4a92d792c41618e385de5a","title":"Segment Descriptors","order":2},{"id":"seed_20d5337321ef0824fb7be668ca600c2c","title":"Paged Segments","order":3},{"id":"seed_75f52313bbf98b9ea3d92860cf9d7c09","title":"Modern Implementations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_981dce20fa6c9cb3c0f806f660d1fcce","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Intel x86 Memory Model","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"intel-x86-memory-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_09dc05792fb487c1591b6d359895350b","title":"Protected Mode","order":0},{"id":"seed_02da0587f447a4ea944eb87f9a93bff6","title":"Global Descriptor Table (GDT)","order":1},{"id":"seed_c005056e6e7c3516e1d73d1a4ee2c66a","title":"Local Descriptor Table (LDT)","order":2},{"id":"seed_0d252a9f447292e28519895311010bfc","title":"Segment Selectors","order":3},{"id":"seed_ded92a5f3dc0d080a3cbb7ab5aff521c","title":"Modern x86-64 Changes","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2d1300fa47e559dae9b232e2a9d52fb9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Virtual Memory Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtual-memory-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_949296034fa62707e79d3932057ba330","title":"Virtual Address Space","order":0},{"id":"seed_eab8c23ea5d6ff90bd7e4724e391ed1f","title":"Larger Than Physical Memory","order":1},{"id":"seed_18fbd11c518309d3d02c232c6298164e","title":"Demand Paging and Segmentation","order":2},{"id":"seed_00652e897dec55ea67a23a48e0022ab9","title":"Benefits of Virtual Memory","order":3},{"id":"seed_e3d6b3010db7da51e0f179cc1ac4ad92","title":"Implementation Overview","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_74dfd56fb6d52454938e8bd47118c558","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Demand Paging","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"demand-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2640baefff6178b6b5dcde3b7bdb5626","title":"Lazy Loading","order":0},{"id":"seed_0781f4655095c0843b0c8c0fc74140ab","title":"Valid-Invalid Bit","order":1},{"id":"seed_90d20df37e9f9342dbd49e8a8e953816","title":"Page Fault Handling","order":2},{"id":"seed_adfb7c3a9d66ac9efd696e0ed9e86835","title":"Pure Demand Paging","order":3},{"id":"seed_d6f224a7be11aeb2d32a65ec3b6f9658","title":"Prepaging","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_7d01ec09ff472f39b2e81a2bcb935c7d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Page Fault Handling: The Critical Path to Virtual Memory","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"page-fault-handling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_23e498cfbd2b691502ef517ac7c10605","title":"Page Fault Detection","order":0},{"id":"seed_86dd43e870004b8f4aebca22d18e36f2","title":"Trap to OS","order":1},{"id":"seed_25b2be31275a70bef139be0ce69942c6","title":"Find Page on Disk","order":2},{"id":"seed_c92150ee9e6993752d6c59f9731b7d22","title":"Load into Frame","order":3},{"id":"seed_c76a25fbbdac7cd810d0069f332e6750","title":"Restart Instruction","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b5fcc90890051f0b2b9f9bdc1b30ed87","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Copy-on-Write","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"copy-on-write","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_bad1d27033898b0c1358a1a37938cb1d","title":"COW Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_c97ca5f49717963bb00306f0fc9031d4","title":"Shared Pages","order":1},{"id":"seed_6f0c2d91a7ba3401869792291a0f3af7","title":"Write Triggers Copy","order":2},{"id":"seed_195ddb09c115837ed2cc23e67473c51b","title":"Fork Optimization","order":3},{"id":"seed_6b44090e8fecbdfd5cb5865ae8f2e147","title":"Zero-Fill on Demand","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ffee6b7a320b7433e2f39111d0a92637","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Memory-Mapped Files","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-mapped-files","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f34e1a06b3cb77352d3d128a17173942","title":"mmap() System Call","order":0},{"id":"seed_027f5004b2503d6c63613ae64a754bf2","title":"File as Memory","order":1},{"id":"seed_a3722a59e58feb9060b4917e9d4c1b3a","title":"Lazy Loading","order":2},{"id":"seed_7898bc340b651df5f085be4f1a2f0c72","title":"Shared Mappings","order":3},{"id":"seed_759c3fa26cb3ffa52eb80b96e8d9f7b9","title":"Private Mappings","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_7f60e57f035bc73c6047e0883cb42fe5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Shared Memory via Virtual Memory","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"shared-memory-via-virtual-memory","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_894ef6b4470e9e4dbf2eec65760bbd64","title":"Page Sharing","order":0},{"id":"seed_af25b1697b7bf140417e65a5ca7659c6","title":"Shared Libraries","order":1},{"id":"seed_13ff409d3f9c782c3f0b3ec5944f1e6c","title":"Inter-process Shared Memory","order":2},{"id":"seed_eeb0d1e1d088f4ec651572889781a922","title":"Protection Considerations","order":3},{"id":"seed_2d3d83bd198c3dd0954a5643c0273054","title":"Implementation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_bea5b47cc116ab03f9991178b3631bcd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"Page Replacement Need","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"page-replacement-need","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_3bc344e450641d8be19b8832ed27525a","title":"Over-allocation","order":0},{"id":"seed_cc866d91b25315b6324e92d832cf7665","title":"Page Replacement Concept","order":1},{"id":"seed_94e51646b4b1fdd98e7b4afb58b76ae6","title":"Victim Selection","order":2},{"id":"seed_754c8cfe656e585cde1aa3442b61b4b7","title":"Dirty Bit","order":3},{"id":"seed_916095db6d0601797becf479b55a991a","title":"Modify Bit (Reference Bit)","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e370c66076609b9b9e6c4656f86a2f88","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"FIFO Page Replacement Algorithm","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fifo-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1b06c05e48c57cedfc9b3477ebb8c2aa","title":"First-In, First-Out","order":0},{"id":"seed_5cfa13b3a81721ff39b4294b90f62167","title":"Simple Implementation","order":1},{"id":"seed_e047e602d2772dabbc55f57b873f7b90","title":"Belady's Anomaly","order":2},{"id":"seed_55ac283e05a31453366f29dd8842ad75","title":"Performance Issues","order":3},{"id":"seed_6a2f6018664a4b7ac2afef6e0e185f2c","title":"Queue Management","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_59f34d9e468d539410235ab2afa72563","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"The Optimal (OPT/MIN) Page Replacement Algorithm","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"optimal-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_454cb5739cc8c7cbc10d5c4749fd21e3","title":"Replace Farthest Future Use","order":0},{"id":"seed_68e0a36495beaec949f4a5e8baa51506","title":"Theoretical Minimum","order":1},{"id":"seed_96f538184ee590900810b612e1ac799f","title":"Not Implementable","order":2},{"id":"seed_33f2ee6d84c64001bd4ba27262534c57","title":"Benchmark for Comparison","order":3},{"id":"seed_ea696e0da72e3d524640a6bb235baa6a","title":"Approximations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_58e611be25d9eaad2e46da56fe86411e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"LRU (Least Recently Used) Page Replacement","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"lru-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_dbc6577bb811986582f93856ebeea2c0","title":"Least Recently Used: The Foundation of Practical Page Replacement","order":0},{"id":"seed_306227f89cc88d30faf2466437a5b7bc","title":"Recency-Based Decision Making: The Mathematics of LRU","order":1},{"id":"seed_f3652311b2d9e2272074f339279d1e48","title":"Implementation Challenges: Why True LRU is Impractical","order":2},{"id":"seed_2ae060e2c4b860b75027830f4cf37a0d","title":"Counter Implementation: Timestamps and Logical Clocks for LRU","order":3},{"id":"seed_3012429274b099cce6421470f7ce9e05","title":"Stack Implementation: Maintaining Explicit Recency Ordering","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_3b141aef6fe98ed68f6e61631da31d6b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"LRU Approximation Algorithms","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"lru-approximations","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d5ccee44b1f9f2febec46045f6697465","title":"Reference Bit","order":0},{"id":"seed_6457b8f11349f5c86e647351b57e6fd0","title":"Second-Chance (Clock) Algorithm","order":1},{"id":"seed_36caffb1d94e33e13d2074a941ae1635","title":"Enhanced Second-Chance Algorithm","order":2},{"id":"seed_8556dff9391331791f64966a750df16d","title":"Not Recently Used (NRU)","order":3},{"id":"seed_62729a7bc4d04e4da874c28e22422cad","title":"Clock Algorithm - Advanced Variants","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1775094b82e4081250b3a008f71b281c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"Working Set Model and Page Fault Frequency","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"working-set-and-pff","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_bde6e732bf7408f8bcb6f7ab86efa523","title":"Working Set Model","order":0},{"id":"seed_1601ba65108fe7a90551dd382580fb28","title":"Working Set Window","order":1},{"id":"seed_3906570964244830cb57efa27e3608cc","title":"Page Fault Frequency (PFF)","order":2},{"id":"seed_afbef8d1cc1afc352508f5022886015f","title":"Dynamic Allocation","order":3},{"id":"seed_75e262313720d035d0783233ef6c7e2c","title":"Thrashing Prevention","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e6326cc42a26f3cf6a90c1e641fe7ebe","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Frame Allocation Problem","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"frame-allocation-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_67959125833b06ab2d9700c84c0c812b","title":"Limited Frames","order":0},{"id":"seed_ebf7da9d1056654d295a839c580eaca0","title":"Process Requirements","order":1},{"id":"seed_88d0e9ee901ce2fdd3ce9b61cfad360e","title":"Minimum Frames","order":2},{"id":"seed_69b1f32805b3236a20f88f455aa72909","title":"Allocation Strategies","order":3},{"id":"seed_11601f2ecce60146969fa4dd01873a8a","title":"Fairness Considerations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_68b9eb39e23ceafe1477edf4b7e5783a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Thrashing: The Performance Catastrophe","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thrashing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_37795a0755d54f1bdc1b6d9e54224d58","title":"Thrashing Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_cac26430c5bd8b9772c187ec5675a443","title":"Cause: Insufficient Frames","order":1},{"id":"seed_d546727c42eafe2f766d9a390378f51b","title":"High Page Fault Rate","order":2},{"id":"seed_eca13bc74c46da2bf3f004cd6b1d6da1","title":"CPU Utilization Drop","order":3},{"id":"seed_27c7915b539f0dfcf23e0c301df36a14","title":"Detection Methods","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_92ee21095ae279cb17c1bdeb30f3a3ae","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Working Set Model","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"working-set-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b7af5cfb6b9e95be49da4d96486ac3c1","title":"Locality Principle","order":0},{"id":"seed_9b426a61f7b2511a29331f078a184b1b","title":"Working Set Definition","order":1},{"id":"seed_2ca18469773dcceeb6fc340308837925","title":"Working Set Window (Δ)","order":2},{"id":"seed_e43cc378f01a18847bd9138d93716bd2","title":"WSS Tracking","order":3},{"id":"seed_541dba5d90df62611b614928ad5b2587","title":"Allocation Based on WSS","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_fd43da53d4496fbef64f128868f95db6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Thrashing Solutions: Restoring System Stability","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thrashing-solutions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_46e2ba8215a777c3e8d7211de526f184","title":"Working Set Approach","order":0},{"id":"seed_d7887dfab3340388e36566949a1cf86f","title":"Page Fault Frequency","order":1},{"id":"seed_2cc96f0cfd220cf24948ad130dbe723c","title":"Load Control","order":2},{"id":"seed_7e608403a26c1828bd6c5d77fc730cd4","title":"Swapping Processes","order":3},{"id":"seed_840b5e1e6a0fa6877ffaef63fca872a1","title":"Adding Memory","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1db12b50e5b04520e372819500de72b7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation Thrashing","sectionOrder":29,"title":"Global vs Local Replacement","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"global-vs-local-replacement","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_dc4edcc6a2c445891a8bddb593c05231","title":"Global Replacement","order":0},{"id":"seed_36204464bd85406e636e98dbd67c8f15","title":"Local Replacement","order":1},{"id":"seed_c63c62f7403a09964d0b6505b730f81d","title":"Process Interference","order":2},{"id":"seed_aab9db76fa338c830b27b29c57f841f0","title":"Performance Implications","order":3},{"id":"seed_fe24fcd1174ac4d9d0e48eafa3fa0e0f","title":"Choosing Strategy","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_5b294a7d9d9e56ba15690d2b6f891a99","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Linux Memory Management","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-memory-management-in-practice-linux-memory-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_13969490d376654b600ed8a0a2e20670","title":"Virtual Memory Layout","order":0},{"id":"seed_2620ec7d7cb7b1c5a5fcaa874cbf8304","title":"Page Tables (x86-64)","order":1},{"id":"seed_53213343bcccd09d763cefd4995dcf5b","title":"Kernel Memory","order":2},{"id":"seed_fae5b18544dadcefd5f8ba09900fdb67","title":"User Memory","order":3},{"id":"seed_15467e7178e2879a7d437bd5ac3d9e04","title":"Memory Zones","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_86fc3a1c820a82ec8fde3c3b17aca2f5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Windows Memory Management","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"windows-memory-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_81ce3eb5f6eeedda7763770a0eabd4f9","title":"Virtual Address Space","order":0},{"id":"seed_fab275f7fa4beca2262ad3974b7aab95","title":"Paging File","order":1},{"id":"seed_3ec1798062415e481bd3ae359acf2eb6","title":"Working Sets","order":2},{"id":"seed_17f5a90d485c42251e34a725c0ee312a","title":"Memory Pools","order":3},{"id":"seed_6465b0d82f2caaf84676b29f75ac5ed9","title":"Memory Compression","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_78b534009d4be91a8ec06f7bcd261dbe","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"NUMA Architecture","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"numa-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b69dc8529e2b0fe2c02264a4883a7f0c","title":"Non-Uniform Memory Access","order":0},{"id":"seed_4425320f75c25ba7ca14f721ac559246","title":"NUMA Nodes","order":1},{"id":"seed_e300ddbca357062c24263d3435b54953","title":"Local vs Remote Access","order":2},{"id":"seed_46a4dc5eb129236a8c4bf502c748f5b0","title":"NUMA-Aware Allocation","order":3},{"id":"seed_af4225a6ee6fd98be220105165d2f372","title":"Performance Optimization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_cf3a2f7161693cc12b4fd043aefbe346","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Huge Pages: Optimizing Memory Management at Scale","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"huge-pages","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_c5fd7ca27eaf2e8369d8f785e59581d1","title":"Standard vs Huge Pages","order":0},{"id":"seed_887467ffff3f831a3aa8ba2ba91f46a9","title":"TLB Efficiency","order":1},{"id":"seed_00c6997d615b02dfe9bf5f0514005ec2","title":"Huge Page Allocation","order":2},{"id":"seed_40c8c1fc2d65542b733ca4e1ec00c5d6","title":"Transparent Huge Pages","order":3},{"id":"seed_4269336e5a83568782f1c9d04c3de8ca","title":"When to Use Huge Pages","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_88717754b9f03dcfea81a91aa8ff4a2a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Memory Compression","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-compression","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_0d630c4808bee23761f71032ba778c02","title":"Compressed Page Cache","order":0},{"id":"seed_864e36e37e8054328b6c3ee3e768d01b","title":"zswap","order":1},{"id":"seed_e7f5fd37ec1a158720df76fc717dee1c","title":"zram","order":2},{"id":"seed_c5992f7157ebf89e0cd7f95d1ff82002","title":"Compression Algorithms","order":3},{"id":"seed_43bec525ba15d1925b42364fd93da9d3","title":"Performance Tradeoffs","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8f05fbc44420a857d7f29b499908c247","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Memory Debugging: Detecting and Resolving Memory Errors","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-debugging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_572183f3e869591a7bdeda5dd50c74be","title":"Memory Leaks","order":0},{"id":"seed_f4850b1878d0cfa7a715a63765502236","title":"Buffer Overflows","order":1},{"id":"seed_a5754eb7811ee24d9ab611ebe644d475","title":"Use-After-Free","order":2},{"id":"seed_9d4f27f68c9e46f70a07f60982c99d4d","title":"Valgrind","order":3},{"id":"seed_cf8306dbdb1c167abd2f06bb8cb8cdb2","title":"AddressSanitizer","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9d4f648d804555b00f76ae34c63b7e91","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"File Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b2f05b952dccdd9e2bd36699b5ca4a5f","title":"File Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_766885bc63246ddb65edbf779ced949c","title":"File Attributes","order":1},{"id":"seed_7a6b95bba6ab2b39de7b60bb87a5e6a0","title":"File Operations","order":2},{"id":"seed_decfa45a72433f9114e3d12176d39ffe","title":"File Types","order":3},{"id":"seed_b450988648da72b15a75611e2c28f3db","title":"File Structure","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_68c36972426fca538a1fdf5ae2cbc60d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"File Access Methods","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-access-methods","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2eb394d49793de850086ee0a7de8a4d4","title":"Sequential Access","order":0},{"id":"seed_719551347d9a608104da9d05edfd8d84","title":"Direct (Random) Access","order":1},{"id":"seed_1e07a7be76cef59cae82a9b9d7e1119f","title":"Indexed Access","order":2},{"id":"seed_691aca2ba6c7b0dc0b8ece7bf214130e","title":"Access Method Comparison","order":3},{"id":"seed_584bee668e8d922a574e2999fedbd138","title":"Memory-Mapped Access","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a18e62e8b77fcff0841a1e0002a80439","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"Directory Structure","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"directory-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6de0b81dda0e4b9e096745bcb0c29cb9","title":"Single-Level Directory","order":0},{"id":"seed_a9f3d3d5901ac4d2b4332d8edc9eccfa","title":"Two-Level Directory","order":1},{"id":"seed_a198f1571435df150aa5d8064685518e","title":"Tree-Structured Directory","order":2},{"id":"seed_c73559dba4cf32e639e530bf4d2e18f8","title":"Acyclic-Graph Directory","order":3},{"id":"seed_07b445bd004b031b3a5cec19fc01eef2","title":"General Graph Directory","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4c3785c374dc010145535df7a559fd77","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"Directory Operations","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"directory-operations","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b6253250f8fb836867c6c4ee1dbc24dd","title":"Create/Delete Files","order":0},{"id":"seed_82fca0f09eac73e338f310ca82496a98","title":"Create/Delete Directories","order":1},{"id":"seed_c4e6d29debb4ab1eaaa219a8452fab81","title":"List Directory","order":2},{"id":"seed_398a444f2bb0dc3252939249f6d1a53c","title":"Search","order":3},{"id":"seed_e60d56cda21d6554c870bf45c5ace28e","title":"Rename/Move","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_585e7e8efc4278fca3fcac513a128811","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"File Protection: Securing Persistent Data","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-protection","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_439970daae53b9dad9ef7a1ab5dbec10","title":"Access Control: The Foundation of File Security","order":0},{"id":"seed_a5a493c413222682d24d9f45f57c7e6a","title":"User/Group/World: Unix's Elegant Permission Model","order":1},{"id":"seed_8d2ed012e923650b99997557c8ae1de0","title":"Access Control Lists: Fine-Grained File Permissions","order":2},{"id":"seed_6f894c5af792f9bbd3566623a326b30c","title":"Capabilities: Object References as Access Tokens","order":3},{"id":"seed_5658b8b28aa52ebc575ede10f521a157","title":"Permission Models: The Complete Access Control Landscape","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2a23330117de15b869ddf401e620bf88","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"Hard and Soft Links","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hard-and-soft-links","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_349c6b69156571f64a2010d9d7dce3dc","title":"Hard Links","order":0},{"id":"seed_b61cdf2da9d9cceab73d5a349a65119b","title":"Link Count","order":1},{"id":"seed_b7682277cd2d9559baf02532b51e2df8","title":"Soft (Symbolic) Links","order":2},{"id":"seed_a7921c1b5f6592101b789772f0a63c4f","title":"Dangling Links","order":3},{"id":"seed_d80c45e7f7e11cbbbc14af908b790ff6","title":"Use Cases","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ae8196d972184c1fb01e625013fdb61d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"File System Layers","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-system-layers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_c1b13faa49741cbc5c921f86e52db588","title":"Logical File System","order":0},{"id":"seed_c7e1b913cc3c764b5412170c3f3387aa","title":"File Organization Module","order":1},{"id":"seed_0697dc42b9b52858b8455de18520ba5d","title":"Basic File System","order":2},{"id":"seed_169e51ac23af057edd12c3b4038c3afd","title":"I/O Control","order":3},{"id":"seed_2680d81814f561934737fbeae9135351","title":"Device Drivers","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_654aa70ff1777323fe5ef221936613bb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Contiguous Allocation","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"contiguous-allocation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_fe13d4e4adf6f5f0241600c5a57e2c5a","title":"Contiguous Blocks","order":0},{"id":"seed_6ce246a32204b2862505f13d19fa5acb","title":"Fast Sequential Access","order":1},{"id":"seed_049c1d6fccb43ecb2a88472703806d3b","title":"External Fragmentation","order":2},{"id":"seed_5e07ee2e7363687bc338f1b429d9d976","title":"Compaction Needed","order":3},{"id":"seed_5c3e6d27ff5b47c48b08c5e821d95c07","title":"Best for Read-Only","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_fbf33871afbf019e562093e3119c4d3a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Linked Allocation","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linked-allocation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_c5859dd2f598e064573175d5fb931fd8","title":"Linked List of Blocks","order":0},{"id":"seed_c361170b76aaf78971a984fcc23d8e3d","title":"Each Block Has Pointer","order":1},{"id":"seed_6b361c0dfe114866fab6c936ba177a09","title":"No External Fragmentation","order":2},{"id":"seed_7b81564c96887567c5662e2c4f02f771","title":"Poor Random Access","order":3},{"id":"seed_1d3df32eda21b0928c9912bae4531cb4","title":"FAT Optimization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e89504616e41380fb66c9bc7549c526a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Indexed Allocation","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"indexed-allocation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_bccfa22051d11b0a0bc47a6a4138380f","title":"Index Block","order":0},{"id":"seed_bf0d36836bb98d051538c017541c42f3","title":"Direct Pointers","order":1},{"id":"seed_6640c43c1655191ad4332b1afc07b1d9","title":"Random Access Support","order":2},{"id":"seed_3f85d834fe2dfbdd012e3902bced5e19","title":"Index Block Overhead","order":3},{"id":"seed_8277ec7f490c08cc8ab54181b514629e","title":"Multi-Level Index","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a29fa5e68534fb8b13b3fd10b7fc7f13","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Free Space Management","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"free-space-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f2dc5e9871ec64f85660aa976f966fff","title":"Bit Vector (Bitmap)","order":0},{"id":"seed_febf0b4a8ddd6cf4955f45b006c561fa","title":"Linked List Free Space Management","order":1},{"id":"seed_a00b05ed86ebc6178c09c105d519cbfd","title":"Grouping Free Space Management","order":2},{"id":"seed_0c0c0e080168e275c02dc81be48a705f","title":"Counting Free Space Management","order":3},{"id":"seed_ec00b890a6ecde1cdfa40bda5e359831","title":"Space Maps","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ccc909d59a36cc82306083d967779488","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Directory Implementation","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"directory-implementation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d01961d1752b2d0e60f99e95ddb88637","title":"Linear List","order":0},{"id":"seed_3bf0c56b1bd2324ba2f978fdc06f2ca8","title":"Hash Table","order":1},{"id":"seed_3c09e6d71cd9ca35ad2b9a596c52c057","title":"B-tree","order":2},{"id":"seed_c0e4d86223ba975fd663b91dc980e26b","title":"Directory Entries","order":3},{"id":"seed_4316e00b73464887927dd623bbf0233c","title":"Name Lookup","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e288c30d588f632bca1015d3b7d1d967","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"FAT File System","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fat-file-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_0afdaa4ff91addb847987466c09c2301","title":"File Allocation Table","order":0},{"id":"seed_955063a8e816f096b315d619fc746cce","title":"FAT12, FAT16, FAT32","order":1},{"id":"seed_7039a5f06a62742d9865c3e1af90d85e","title":"Cluster Chains","order":2},{"id":"seed_62a17a868b950090ce409a9dc3dc8a40","title":"Directory Entries","order":3},{"id":"seed_a05bc7259b8237813a02bb917f282e0a","title":"Limitations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_0e5ef8e12d36838f2bc357f4c3cd7244","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"Unix inode Structure","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"unix-inode-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b04777c40a7038515589697432a4f969","title":"inode Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_75edd1b1277c50bf06f1cb2a5330045b","title":"inode Contents","order":1},{"id":"seed_6ffe8e87e450024ead81d97d29dde39f","title":"Direct Blocks","order":2},{"id":"seed_681ef72a3780acf43cce18016bacfeb1","title":"Indirect Blocks","order":3},{"id":"seed_bd4f0b92cfd345cf9cfa660bf93d17e6","title":"Double/Triple Indirect","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_56e16005c30759a706a200021da04ae6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"Ext2/Ext3/Ext4 File Systems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ext2-ext3-ext4","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_809bc1193caf83818d53a3b26da6a0a6","title":"Linux Extended File System","order":0},{"id":"seed_81c86e82b40472648c651d44c9c62204","title":"Block Groups","order":1},{"id":"seed_32dab5bc59fbceb7d78dd24c9cc15cdf","title":"Superblock","order":2},{"id":"seed_97354f8b209f0bb28d26db43953e6650","title":"Ext3 Journaling","order":3},{"id":"seed_7b708f5e6c93a4f64d125a4d18dd1393","title":"Ext4 Extents","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_3a6f1e8af132baebcf9bc66d41f8229b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"NTFS: The New Technology File System","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ntfs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_fd571854ded1f7a5e181bfece222ef9e","title":"Windows File System","order":0},{"id":"seed_366809db5cf2feb7cde964d68b08e07a","title":"Master File Table (MFT)","order":1},{"id":"seed_c640c62ceb9fbf5ed3f9933a92447274","title":"Resident Attributes","order":2},{"id":"seed_02a6192a82ea9f2a3ff1c218b80ba3ad","title":"Change Journal","order":3},{"id":"seed_12f0ef6343c9bb3447974bba3e93a9b7","title":"Permissions","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9b66121878b62d9b69998cb11ec9ec42","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"File System Comparison","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-system-comparison","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_eba2972dfc32d85c98bc93263bbaf08d","title":"Feature Comparison","order":0},{"id":"seed_f010dcaecd20eb538ff6091ec5cc39ec","title":"Performance Characteristics","order":1},{"id":"seed_1960667a4bfee5b0a7aa725932808b6d","title":"Maximum Sizes","order":2},{"id":"seed_62f42d1ce98fd3c80f5c2b0df8157a45","title":"Journaling Support","order":3},{"id":"seed_e5bc043ed9f23af854d8053a821e4a2c","title":"Use Case Recommendations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2e746179b8be1e14a01b787b24e5f850","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"Virtual File System (VFS)","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtual-file-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_15405915bb6e3011e47ddb3aa4d6223e","title":"VFS Abstraction","order":0},{"id":"seed_034997306ba8b6e596c79f95e627c037","title":"Common Interface","order":1},{"id":"seed_5b37127bf6a1469c22e8e4fff7f274fc","title":"File System Mounting","order":2},{"id":"seed_789148bff6037f6964b158a32096fb66","title":"VFS Objects","order":3},{"id":"seed_d8a0e3ffc1d5b60f366d5f37f15981cd","title":"File System Registration","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_74f91fafd54bf70e7300885294996f74","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Buffer Cache","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"buffer-cache","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_47aada0db91121c53dd39e8348ef5929","title":"Block Cache","order":0},{"id":"seed_e7d70e9e80a715722b2d9389cd078103","title":"Cache Management","order":1},{"id":"seed_c02565c91e84f6aef6a6af40d50a32ff","title":"Write-Back Policy","order":2},{"id":"seed_82919fd374d27feeb050eee2f4638e96","title":"Cache Consistency","order":3},{"id":"seed_6a5a3545706fae8de2c8fbcf525b0b71","title":"Sync Operations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_f97fa5a7bb9ec68b4c5c378519c9947e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Read-Ahead: Anticipatory Data Loading","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"read-ahead","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_30cb8c2fb15e78647dfd893b0eaadbc7","title":"Prefetching: The Art of Anticipatory Data Loading","order":0},{"id":"seed_bca4b7da084b742a8a6ec9d1b378cb97","title":"Sequential Detection: Recognizing Access Patterns","order":1},{"id":"seed_52b464e5e3f9fcfe15b3c58b46f68ed9","title":"Read-Ahead Window: The Sliding Window Mechanism","order":2},{"id":"seed_74b41fbbd28241488366e671cb69f14f","title":"Adaptive Read-Ahead: Dynamic Prefetching Optimization","order":3},{"id":"seed_165590bfd893d222d612d1cc2677974f","title":"Performance Gains: Measuring and Maximizing Read-Ahead Impact","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4ff36a28802b87f8d1b0110f896e90f7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Write Strategies","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"write-strategies","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b4443f63d23e42c0ebcaa1d116a50cf4","title":"Write-Through Strategy","order":0},{"id":"seed_86a76bcb1b4b757a036214dc1ba22bf8","title":"Write-Back Strategy","order":1},{"id":"seed_5bd7443e34e4639c40ea98b8d04ebd4c","title":"Delayed Write Strategy","order":2},{"id":"seed_b1b41abbc9ee6f2b67a3bc0e6cfa34db","title":"Ordered Writes Strategy","order":3},{"id":"seed_4619c58e799d0a3c8f3e7ba98127fc86","title":"Data Integrity","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_de3bf4f804174e8bf94545b9ade710fc","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"File System Journaling","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"journaling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_650a41102119468e9a392027f78964aa","title":"Journaling Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_a377d1bdb81f3188965e4f49ee5b8bad","title":"Write-Ahead Logging","order":1},{"id":"seed_aac6dd80a2f7edcf21ac63756357fdfd","title":"Metadata Journaling","order":2},{"id":"seed_257230e4c24972a8dabc671f04be064b","title":"Full Journaling","order":3},{"id":"seed_59f26c9bb2714e0b942d34379c8758bf","title":"Journal Replay","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_df49786f6ab3859c097bc8a5986ea705","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Log-Structured File Systems","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"log-structured-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1b5a15957c6399b9d4b78f0cda654c02","title":"LFS Concept: The Log-Structured Revolution","order":0},{"id":"seed_4d8d73884464ad056a03a06c76175c1f","title":"Sequential Writes: Maximizing Disk Bandwidth","order":1},{"id":"seed_7c79555640ecd59223c6823158527cf7","title":"Garbage Collection: Reclaiming Dead Space","order":2},{"id":"seed_3be65f19e15bedbf09c40eb1ae8bc472","title":"Cleaning: Advanced Segment Reclamation Strategies","order":3},{"id":"seed_5bc5a407e25cfe0979f71838d31affe8","title":"SSD Optimization: Log-Structured Storage for Flash","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_5b79405957967bc1319d5dc5002a30b7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Defragmentation","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"defragmentation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_60fad31d0b0c594efeb4241a2543a0bb","title":"Fragmentation Causes","order":0},{"id":"seed_c4c23d1606bc1065b2035e8cabb05b46","title":"Defragmentation Process","order":1},{"id":"seed_3793f5a8a4ce393cbb0724b542a40512","title":"Online vs Offline Defragmentation","order":2},{"id":"seed_c7cdd0a4da393409a5f6e9df26892864","title":"SSD Considerations","order":3},{"id":"seed_159414da3661ed8747927ff8c9021dfd","title":"File System Specific Defragmentation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_0783892a9efc4847e680aefa1eb1dbd9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Copy-on-Write File Systems","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"copy-on-write-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_8073c03d8888efcc5dc6340d9433a21e","title":"Copy-on-Write Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_50a1f27024fc2e3aa314e5de508d0d81","title":"Snapshots","order":1},{"id":"seed_783769d2fc04968e40a0b8b4b3479c5e","title":"Data Integrity","order":2},{"id":"seed_8bd5e78d91f2b4c066edefcbb7c6e5d9","title":"btrfs and ZFS","order":3},{"id":"seed_195e5cf6e1effac27d38657013517dff","title":"Performance Tradeoffs","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_669094127e382a299679705ee6352f80","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"ZFS: The Zettabyte File System","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"zfs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1d3acc708b9be63e176755335ec24461","title":"The Zettabyte File System: A Revolution in Storage Architecture","order":0},{"id":"seed_e78ada358233a330f0e8ded12da0e3d5","title":"Storage Pools: Pooled Storage Architecture","order":1},{"id":"seed_c26d17b0be2ba7b8002280e5f1c695af","title":"Checksums: End-to-End Data Integrity","order":2},{"id":"seed_e5caa54a00f243242355330f37947168","title":"RAID-Z: Software RAID Without the Write Hole","order":3},{"id":"seed_283b736c7089f19c64845c2f66e88d3f","title":"Snapshots and Clones: Point-in-Time Data Management","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e94b6844ed3f8d3875703200ba21c67b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Btrfs: The B-tree File System","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"btrfs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_4aecf0eee0208f9b6fdca82632b1eae9","title":"B-tree File System","order":0},{"id":"seed_473db3865f0a5408dec6b801429a1612","title":"Linux Native COW","order":1},{"id":"seed_3d3bf37edd8928aa798116e87dc9d3f9","title":"Subvolumes","order":2},{"id":"seed_0e9c440d9dd7ff25d32cec916b35baed","title":"Snapshots","order":3},{"id":"seed_e84e5dff1368f35dd3b822eecad466b2","title":"Data Scrubbing","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ecaafe317263daf4d330ff6223034212","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Network File Systems","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"network-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a0a11b395118841e045b1464e2f1a142","title":"NFS Overview","order":0},{"id":"seed_71e2cd5a01a51dd791a6a8e17ed9173c","title":"NFS Architecture","order":1},{"id":"seed_b013723c246b7439b8ad03d426ae70ce","title":"Stateless Protocol","order":2},{"id":"seed_bc9cd9d2a50ccf8160bc4f9556fbc757","title":"NFS Versions","order":3},{"id":"seed_910f295011979934410fb6a15d1a5695","title":"Performance Considerations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_348639a90a49d0f3cc73af6949019912","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Distributed File Systems","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-advanced-file-systems-distributed-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_870b69ab83a45d43c8184e52c660adb5","title":"Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS)","order":0},{"id":"seed_15a5fd03c5a63a1ec1e8401d5db11839","title":"Google File System (GFS) Concepts","order":1},{"id":"seed_e3929b1326c4b6a0f2a184686bf8496a","title":"Data Replication Strategies","order":2},{"id":"seed_515a461bcbeff584339ea97a57f6b99e","title":"Consistency Challenges in Distributed Systems","order":3},{"id":"seed_21419f4e1587b0b5d36d65fb71bd83ec","title":"Cloud Storage Systems","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_90c8994cdf03311d15aa405ac087cccb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Special File Systems","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"special-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_40dd5ffdf7364a34ff2501f06bcd1f13","title":"The /proc File System","order":0},{"id":"seed_9f605d9bc9d9b8646df96feb23045b05","title":"The /sys File System","order":1},{"id":"seed_75017c7ce12975bfd69e5fa37805743e","title":"tmpfs - Memory-Based File System","order":2},{"id":"seed_16a23e24c796f9c5753683b60d99b363","title":"devtmpfs - Dynamic Device File System","order":3},{"id":"seed_d8b0163ab30dc086d65c5a2ee3d80fa3","title":"FUSE - Filesystem in Userspace","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_52cf25b095195030c7b7a9eebbc7dc12","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Understanding I/O Device Types","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-device-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_bd1fd70d243c49d3f697c0df295e3064","title":"Block Devices","order":0},{"id":"seed_5a7b6c4c42c3d563de4661e01e9bc082","title":"Character Devices","order":1},{"id":"seed_a5dd397571a8ae7976394d8a07a88661","title":"Network Devices","order":2},{"id":"seed_2b80af9914d710188906313aa8c12196","title":"Device Characteristics","order":3},{"id":"seed_af0c5475d3722804f9b98b4f32969039","title":"Device Communication","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b4ba4edb77f767cdae8aa4c601d9a0c6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"I/O Controllers","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-controllers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_413fd2c3125c7dcaf7d1ada88b855d93","title":"Device Controller","order":0},{"id":"seed_4156519227c6523a9c2e2af09944247f","title":"Controller Registers","order":1},{"id":"seed_9a4430a77589241a384781d3ca198243","title":"Data Buffers","order":2},{"id":"seed_892355652083789972b143515cda3f5c","title":"Controller Interface","order":3},{"id":"seed_1fad002d3fb34df506273adb659cab0c","title":"Standardization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e6fca3745885ef9f31d6630257b669e6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Memory-Mapped I/O","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-mapped-io","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e06f367ab5abc393995cbdeebe23e7f9","title":"Port-Mapped I/O","order":0},{"id":"seed_6cba5aae5b5e0c0ab6173afa4a62e843","title":"Memory-Mapped I/O","order":1},{"id":"seed_6aa7029a53f95ca41973b680e6bd71fa","title":"Address Space Usage","order":2},{"id":"seed_ded80e8a1597727179744850d5cb7a1d","title":"Comparison","order":3},{"id":"seed_2bf8fc8b4c9ab95fcedb56118e30e387","title":"Hardware Support","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_de8da1a4808b50d35a225192f8911286","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Interrupts: Hardware-Level I/O Signaling","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"interrupts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_06e3353e31bff1bc053a2847e92e921e","title":"Interrupt-Driven I/O","order":0},{"id":"seed_6e715457fda82197ec56464b9c6104c4","title":"Interrupt Handling","order":1},{"id":"seed_18b47fe9285bf6bc9fdf17245c8c214c","title":"Interrupt Vector Table","order":2},{"id":"seed_efaf4a7a16172ad6754ff89546f073f6","title":"Interrupt Priority","order":3},{"id":"seed_5d7a36453de0a2d01fe9b24be0226bc1","title":"Interrupt Acknowledgment","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_935f708c695ec34c1ffdef3b375abb42","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Direct Memory Access (DMA)","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"dma","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d1f85bf170050c89d3d62810ede8c616","title":"Direct Memory Access Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_d4095a0ae2eccbde694c977174e5e00d","title":"DMA Controller","order":1},{"id":"seed_11d8bea1da04a1dacb02ffe3e02a4538","title":"DMA Transfer Process","order":2},{"id":"seed_a525249883914afe1f61dc1d3ef0b2ec","title":"Cycle Stealing","order":3},{"id":"seed_dbcb67efd571a3f956c2f8b5f683e63c","title":"Bus Mastering","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9e17272b0a078d2317c5b2f754dd8dc8","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"I/O Hardware Performance","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-hardware-performance","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d2a9f774da5cf5fa4e9e98342763a2cb","title":"I/O Throughput","order":0},{"id":"seed_5b858572900dfcd43f8da7dd1a020d36","title":"Latency Considerations","order":1},{"id":"seed_0867a47c6d30dbc671de6436a672cde8","title":"Bandwidth Utilization","order":2},{"id":"seed_0e1899810857f4a56de380c91a65f155","title":"Hardware Bottlenecks","order":3},{"id":"seed_26013a47eb27a187f1b9aa27620abd51","title":"Performance Optimization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8744fb5632c645a7b4c14d07cb8adba2","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"I/O Software Layers","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-software-layers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_8f4b56fa87bf08818481b457c1128dbd","title":"User-Level I/O","order":0},{"id":"seed_7ab653e6f50c115a4760b11b54d52afe","title":"Device-Independent Software","order":1},{"id":"seed_a056a5f1bd22d7792be0d86c01504ced","title":"Device Drivers","order":2},{"id":"seed_6108fc01daab26d00fc6f24f3ac29444","title":"Interrupt Handlers","order":3},{"id":"seed_b4778643aec5918933c29eb3dabd4067","title":"Hardware Layer","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2d816fe215216599e611129eb97a2765","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Device Drivers","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"device-drivers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d883ce0df9292fea49dda56adda04f05","title":"Driver Architecture","order":0},{"id":"seed_c5b2e93612dbfa5e8659a0fbeba60058","title":"Driver Interface","order":1},{"id":"seed_f4b6205b3db4ef6e804fe625724faaae","title":"Driver Development","order":2},{"id":"seed_99bc95bb8ef58dc3d3d31377969ed6cc","title":"Driver Loading","order":3},{"id":"seed_010017edcea4b262abf10ac9a694b159","title":"Driver Bugs","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1b4b2075cf9f19f78d4f153fd76f37a9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Blocking and Non-Blocking I/O","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"blocking-non-blocking-io","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_5cd264eb2ff7652a2d2ec34a7cab6d29","title":"Blocking I/O","order":0},{"id":"seed_9e28a412a34e364af21142d615890555","title":"Non-Blocking I/O","order":1},{"id":"seed_0124ed3d2acbf4e63b78d2a788dff26f","title":"Asynchronous I/O","order":2},{"id":"seed_097f6895a654bb4d58e051fc942727cb","title":"I/O Multiplexing","order":3},{"id":"seed_89528a4332be47120afff60c961fd221","title":"select/poll/epoll","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d7a542eee0ffd939883207e8cd036788","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"I/O Buffering Strategies","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"buffering","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d025147a6a0b5e43cb844e6df86e1d35","title":"Single Buffering","order":0},{"id":"seed_bd23e3480f798f4d1d38817bb8501d4d","title":"Double Buffering","order":1},{"id":"seed_02c4ca8b80c52d2062c4eeaf6c082341","title":"Circular Buffering","order":2},{"id":"seed_832224adefd8fc4ec1625da272a754b3","title":"Buffer Management","order":3},{"id":"seed_6e33d424be7f36edfa145ccf40cb2241","title":"Zero-Copy Techniques","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_50e647b54466c570bd30a2e31e046629","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Caching","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-software-caching","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b075541d959ca383100c9c9c6e2338ad","title":"I/O Caching","order":0},{"id":"seed_201c0aa15e2162b80250e23ad4be5b84","title":"Write Caching","order":1},{"id":"seed_a6d99740c2e82800cfe72fd3b7f9119e","title":"Cache Policies","order":2},{"id":"seed_283b54dac8a67ff52adec7247b4ec028","title":"Cache Coherence","order":3},{"id":"seed_407f5a8727f725802a36c67d90bffbef","title":"Cache Effectiveness","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d9dcdc2a6a17bbd82aa46697c8c541d4","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Spooling: Simultaneous Peripheral Operations Online","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"spooling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_3db9d06caa808227f9792c85acd64412","title":"Spooling Concept: Simultaneous Peripheral Operations Online","order":0},{"id":"seed_8bf433b85078fc3eaed57dca7390d43e","title":"Print Spooler: Architecture and Implementation","order":1},{"id":"seed_0d3cf5ef591f525174ccaafd537a9fd5","title":"Spool Directories: Persistent Queue Storage","order":2},{"id":"seed_fc6aa77e11062091466394f5ce794010","title":"Daemon Processes: Background Service Architecture","order":3},{"id":"seed_592d7039141aae8eb6e309e513beb5a0","title":"Job Scheduling: Queue Management and Optimization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ea683bf5bc780d22be5ea3a6b6a2df8f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"Disk Structure","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-disk-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_64065fb40b3efd94bfef66d1967c0caa","title":"Platters and Surfaces","order":0},{"id":"seed_47be537fcad61443927be8792271b624","title":"Tracks and Sectors","order":1},{"id":"seed_0688e16632e12dfc8faeb9b13c014d3d","title":"Cylinders","order":2},{"id":"seed_d6b0e9f2da008554d38efd26c658fb8b","title":"Disk Addressing (CHS, LBA)","order":3},{"id":"seed_45e21cc449e56c37d4546827d89711a1","title":"Disk Geometry","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b792d831b502998a10262be656af61fd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"Disk Scheduling Algorithms","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"disk-scheduling-algorithms","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_9e3ca7625f016076d3af5b6db7090cd9","title":"FCFS Scheduling","order":0},{"id":"seed_3a05dcd1c4cbb10ce609677984f12fd2","title":"SSTF (Shortest Seek Time First)","order":1},{"id":"seed_27882f6c8d2bbbed326c4116e1bb1124","title":"SCAN (Elevator Algorithm)","order":2},{"id":"seed_f07c7bc30cee2e9d4918da87bfc1d1ed","title":"C-SCAN (Circular SCAN)","order":3},{"id":"seed_f83afa0f002cdb88757a554e5eef6daf","title":"LOOK and C-LOOK","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1d27a139166d008bcbb33a28e9e0a7d3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"RAID: Redundant Array of Independent Disks","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"raid","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7c52cc3263fdec4c079e2611513cc9eb","title":"RAID Levels (0, 1, 5, 6, 10)","order":0},{"id":"seed_e68ab6461bddcfc3e72d1c86865c64c2","title":"Striping and Mirroring","order":1},{"id":"seed_01fca86125889982794ab85fdb648bf3","title":"Parity","order":2},{"id":"seed_05e1c4087e8f092eae79765e8be07fd1","title":"RAID Performance","order":3},{"id":"seed_a187fb850ffe7ea05706c14031876fc5","title":"RAID Reliability","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_50536e42456716a82a654117fa00d666","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"SSD Internals: Understanding Solid-State Storage","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ssd-internals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_c3c7ef51e5e134b9f9e0aa3ceb126cac","title":"Flash Memory Types","order":0},{"id":"seed_44dbce173febd7aa2a54d5188d2b87b2","title":"SSD Architecture","order":1},{"id":"seed_05e699d030ef2fae5be798850af39c1f","title":"Wear Leveling","order":2},{"id":"seed_3231f296656d1ccd722249b1bd3a627d","title":"Garbage Collection","order":3},{"id":"seed_a1ff2826313eb8f4889670620835af2a","title":"TRIM Command","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d82e020b33a77e7dcc16816323dbfb06","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"NVMe: Non-Volatile Memory Express","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"nvme","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b854d327f102e1e9b354a6decff2b407","title":"NVMe Protocol","order":0},{"id":"seed_11e46c0e0db053c9233b319a2b5580af","title":"PCIe Interface","order":1},{"id":"seed_cded1504f117a3026e95942fff46a4a0","title":"Command Queues","order":2},{"id":"seed_124c17886e6df1175120c7dcd3e0bb57","title":"Performance Benefits","order":3},{"id":"seed_2174bfa9c5d1b737ff2378ccb9defb10","title":"NVMe vs SATA","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_5ff63fd794b2aa434ca1c0b353d62500","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"Storage Virtualization","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"storage-virtualization","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_66491b82f3973484d64d0a2b213b1491","title":"Logical Volume Manager (LVM)","order":0},{"id":"seed_c0881e4fd48af4e0ae18c34cd0a41826","title":"Volume Groups","order":1},{"id":"seed_f54053badd6f6ec964ec60a190b780ff","title":"Logical Volumes","order":2},{"id":"seed_39c5e69151687193b0fc8ab32eb62f47","title":"Snapshots","order":3},{"id":"seed_8633954259c66338d6e21e0dc77b60fe","title":"Thin Provisioning","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8038fe2525f524bce7b4f4a2ab588680","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Protection Goals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"protection-goals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_53dbb4d9b2c138ff9b4f356ff8a50d79","title":"Confidentiality","order":0},{"id":"seed_68c3afe6446b4ec27e0f026c7ad13a82","title":"Integrity","order":1},{"id":"seed_f8982002b796a2a5a09063fe7b75ae0f","title":"Availability","order":2},{"id":"seed_5ef8c87d9c45b3d9b0f37e9dae834d80","title":"Authentication","order":3},{"id":"seed_154f89daf5e62454ebeb897cca3f71a5","title":"Authorization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_57d09e513d060d1b3ad6bbddc88532a7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Protection Domains","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"protection-domains","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_5c753b35203cc114ab0a69f576b6c06d","title":"Domain Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_1e0989f7ac89baf7905d4390e641c17d","title":"Domain Switching","order":1},{"id":"seed_d09ae58acde922c1e826feab5f294cde","title":"Protection Rings","order":2},{"id":"seed_9d16318db0f83a901e8af42ee6c95f35","title":"Least Privilege","order":3},{"id":"seed_9f4c7c758f7b46159fa0bea60d77d6c1","title":"Domain Implementation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4c9a659dab4610c51609c717f5360107","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Access Matrix: The Foundation of Access Control","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"access-matrix","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_0f6032e729f70ed3db070092b4271fc2","title":"Access Matrix Model","order":0},{"id":"seed_93578a1a26d9e3172c1dcda27a0e072b","title":"Subjects and Objects","order":1},{"id":"seed_143ec90afd6b4e7f8b822881abbfa674","title":"Access Rights","order":2},{"id":"seed_eaa55c3ac804bc857f58360927f52b76","title":"Matrix Implementation","order":3},{"id":"seed_9b6db51d303fa6d654e096b6ae63ee97","title":"Size Considerations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2d052e562006a3a7735c7a2731f4776e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Access Control Lists","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"access-control-lists","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ed63777e33a03d3a0d1a25f3182fe2e6","title":"ACL Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_bad467d98acad3e7ad47fba0fc87ee3d","title":"ACL Entries","order":1},{"id":"seed_388db2e812549a0eef2437b2ced3940f","title":"Default Permissions","order":2},{"id":"seed_02d392ab1e9abf6dc0e4f373cbe6a1a1","title":"ACL Inheritance","order":3},{"id":"seed_33cc0160dbca42ea293ad42028cd83ae","title":"ACL Performance","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d95afefaba73cc8166ed7c4fc0621d55","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Capabilities","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"capabilities","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_db119d669d400e9255546348691da4e1","title":"Capability Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_bff77ac3e95813fc084ddca39a7f508b","title":"Capability Lists","order":1},{"id":"seed_ba442d0c1267b8a9fe896599c519a505","title":"Capability Delegation","order":2},{"id":"seed_b69e2531659c40d4bcea345e8f615c8d","title":"Capability Revocation","order":3},{"id":"seed_be772922fe2650741718c25dc22319c0","title":"Capabilities vs ACLs","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e5aacf65753fcef0f1e2de0ff83eeb8c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Sandboxing","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"sandboxing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_5dc6fd524592866721ca26c4035bb901","title":"Sandbox Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_80c7924e50a85f2b33cddfbd6ecb981e","title":"Process Sandboxing","order":1},{"id":"seed_1f4b1906bc96352febf37f476dda3e32","title":"System Call Filtering","order":2},{"id":"seed_ad557cca57505df4f2ac73f1a7b42b3a","title":"seccomp","order":3},{"id":"seed_337d9eb899e7a50382d038405f9f8b7e","title":"Container Isolation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_661f04c10476a36ba0b1dc15089d8af6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Security Threats","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"security-threats","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_88eb3151c62f952ba58ddec33091de9a","title":"Threat Categories","order":0},{"id":"seed_f48619d52d2c64e22a11d5cd6d5feb59","title":"Malware Types","order":1},{"id":"seed_91822ce2750120568560355ba457e612","title":"Attack Vectors","order":2},{"id":"seed_b9f7d90dbfc495dbcb66b5ea03ea7a22","title":"Threat Modeling","order":3},{"id":"seed_c2389d161cd6a276f41922f52abbb573","title":"Risk Assessment","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_c0ced91be0f6156afc67e942bb07a1e6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Authentication","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-authentication","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_604d70f9d3b3f2a37b5dff78c6d2aa3e","title":"Password Authentication","order":0},{"id":"seed_cb7f3e37c5b446aab5e0f024cf277017","title":"Multi-Factor Authentication","order":1},{"id":"seed_332ab3b9700a09d422357f8846393731","title":"Biometrics","order":2},{"id":"seed_aacdf017a55abc0367fe415ccab59c62","title":"Authentication Protocols","order":3},{"id":"seed_aac303edb518adcdb9b807b9b97b29da","title":"Password Storage","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b55aa2d35564316630cec01ae1473791","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Authorization: Controlling Access to System Resources","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"authorization","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_cd5534f3fe70dd822cc13ea230052f81","title":"Authorization Models","order":0},{"id":"seed_b65132bd9ecab3591b28880cff91e9f4","title":"Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)","order":1},{"id":"seed_87cf81c13d9a7438935c457ebdd9154d","title":"Mandatory Access Control (MAC)","order":2},{"id":"seed_46a4873081e570c25d4b7cda8ee00086","title":"Discretionary Access Control (DAC)","order":3},{"id":"seed_e76ccf197138b66b0592dba3f783cac8","title":"Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_7d982ddbf20076ad51ffe2947767fe14","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Cryptography Basics","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cryptography-basics","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_cf83cd47c66060846c9491fecc1e39c5","title":"Symmetric Encryption","order":0},{"id":"seed_8e390f1aec514b1567be6a9e3aff9ccb","title":"Asymmetric Encryption","order":1},{"id":"seed_b2777d02087e71bd1375691db56a14c2","title":"Hash Functions","order":2},{"id":"seed_735cefe0d44b68679fb60046355de910","title":"Digital Signatures","order":3},{"id":"seed_8067867a5f2b3060da323e148d918b47","title":"Key Management","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_166a436e93afef09445829f03c244683","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Secure Communication","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"secure-communication","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ca98cc0ce14335e58e73e39d800fea33","title":"TLS/SSL","order":0},{"id":"seed_25578136fbb2043a292da3da79a2597a","title":"Secure Channels","order":1},{"id":"seed_3603361fbf8e3067bdb5ed77ce500298","title":"Certificate Authorities","order":2},{"id":"seed_d7f62783ce777988974f0157daeba4a9","title":"Key Exchange","order":3},{"id":"seed_31dd564d7ecf3bb1637723aa5b6589fd","title":"Perfect Forward Secrecy","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e85c81bbb33e0b8b7c0ee57efadc6eda","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Auditing and Logging","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"auditing-and-logging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_455ad52eb07b799c386afbb590e8c494","title":"Audit Trails","order":0},{"id":"seed_3a17ef13c65fe7a44ea19cca12f0e794","title":"Log Management","order":1},{"id":"seed_a60eb990a60d25e854e5dee84183b024","title":"Intrusion Detection","order":2},{"id":"seed_20a19e5585d7a7aab324cbef1ca44078","title":"Log Analysis","order":3},{"id":"seed_1a17150b7991123d9f4d3c61ccb0ed7c","title":"Compliance","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a09ed2e8a0d6ff26dbc713556ceaa501","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Buffer Overflow Attacks","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"buffer-overflow-attacks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_cc66421854a77f44e9ef8968df1bf478","title":"Buffer Overflow Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_a892c5f3296aa7462a6c7eb9dcc724ec","title":"Stack Smashing","order":1},{"id":"seed_9bccd3a1c88e1fb58c6949793f2921fc","title":"Code Injection","order":2},{"id":"seed_5f948f2e53c877ca788a1c4aaa264dfe","title":"Return-Oriented Programming","order":3},{"id":"seed_b913e16e38f41653d8b954bbbe54250d","title":"Prevention Techniques","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_88490dee40ff1c17bc1d7cc7a5fc2737","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Defense Mechanisms","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"defense-mechanisms","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a44b34a3162e27c2ea4cd1c67160a81e","title":"Stack Canaries","order":0},{"id":"seed_2670b0201deb82ebd1ed504c5043dedb","title":"ASLR (Address Space Layout Randomization)","order":1},{"id":"seed_561a81c53b659c56db70c1c90e2af426","title":"DEP (Data Execution Prevention)","order":2},{"id":"seed_58fff62ffc57b7627aafe727afcf3fd6","title":"Stack Protection","order":3},{"id":"seed_a28687fd8ddf12dee3832f86a9bb942f","title":"Compiler Protections","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_3c885ca5f084f5a46db11b2f4904505c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"SELinux: Security-Enhanced Linux","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"selinux","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_987a2577746d64273a59ef3092178123","title":"Mandatory Access Control","order":0},{"id":"seed_f068f247ac951dd577f440356d3434d0","title":"SELinux Policies","order":1},{"id":"seed_a9ae5230f47ece334222b727bd91224d","title":"Contexts and Labels","order":2},{"id":"seed_cf7a85a2e15a1613af6721fbcb74ca56","title":"Type Enforcement","order":3},{"id":"seed_e225f26d60a8e1ec4d780f3671c546e5","title":"Policy Management","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_53f8367ac99085d8b9f1636f6e40e250","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Secure Boot: Establishing Trust from Power-On","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"secure-boot","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1a585e0df10402a824ebebe36fe1858f","title":"Trusted Boot Process","order":0},{"id":"seed_4967ba55eaa9712e4aaccc35705784e8","title":"UEFI Secure Boot","order":1},{"id":"seed_96cac61bd6cb74d33d91eabbb1367ecd","title":"Boot Chain Verification","order":2},{"id":"seed_c430876fe70ace33cb4c46a68dbbaed2","title":"TPM (Trusted Platform Module)","order":3},{"id":"seed_3ba1953dfb1ea9e84d6c3890f1d47136","title":"Measured Boot","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2fd02ecee39dc208c34829e2cc433bf1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Hardware Security Vulnerabilities","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hardware-security","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_8e3a61235e6fdb2fae2fa86bb4c0b184","title":"Spectre Vulnerability","order":0},{"id":"seed_e7baa3f31269db72017deb0b2076e494","title":"Meltdown Vulnerability","order":1},{"id":"seed_378c768ba5ad1b94dd7586542d2e3c35","title":"Side-Channel Attacks","order":2},{"id":"seed_da47988253cc15018eeb8cc2f691c6bc","title":"Hardware Mitigations","order":3},{"id":"seed_2c702787a2b42eb33409b94dc52c6418","title":"Security Updates","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ebd27878fc4e4cb03d9f14ded9fafa8e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Security Best Practices","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"security-best-practices","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ad07a459e6a7512bc0092fe8cde258dc","title":"Principle of Least Privilege","order":0},{"id":"seed_f59c38ff5dca4cb6d0cb000138264a10","title":"Defense in Depth","order":1},{"id":"seed_98e2caacda2607286a3efe8b10ba7584","title":"Security Updates","order":2},{"id":"seed_ceef2753c7a1837d70f78d097acfdb4a","title":"Vulnerability Management","order":3},{"id":"seed_629c8ae2b99ba8096f155b47d2dc061a","title":"Security Hardening","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_47e2f9add150afb6f6a6573256e2c78d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Virtualization Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtualization-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_82000ebfce846ca0a779f361dd9c9f2f","title":"Virtual Machine Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_cab0ef7ab267151300c241950d585447","title":"Host and Guest","order":1},{"id":"seed_ebac59ebf13552444ccc721994285704","title":"Virtualization Benefits","order":2},{"id":"seed_e0218a1741f0b53602dda2a5d9827136","title":"Virtualization Overhead","order":3},{"id":"seed_4ad7ed9898aa86ba1d66b68a96aaef72","title":"Use Cases","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2968c0434f11eeb6c77f487eba6bb291","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Hypervisor Types: Architecture and Implementation","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hypervisor-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e977923e4a0aae25a7b329cda8a09f8b","title":"Type 1 Hypervisors (Bare Metal)","order":0},{"id":"seed_7bec8e50b4e54ccd0a35697fac59ca2e","title":"Type 2 Hypervisors (Hosted)","order":1},{"id":"seed_a57637afbd0ff9910be47c5108035603","title":"Hypervisor Comparison","order":2},{"id":"seed_954de709f04f223b50fc893018f4bebe","title":"Hypervisor Examples: Xen, KVM, VMware","order":3},{"id":"seed_a1db83e31d0d788a0a3382fd04e2aebd","title":"Hypervisor Security","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9b32a7d354aba80297085f1317152615","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Hardware Virtualization Support","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hardware-virtualization-support","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2feffa5ed509e1b024f6876deb8de9c6","title":"Intel VT-x","order":0},{"id":"seed_7769445f17751518e7fbeba180bf6192","title":"AMD-V","order":1},{"id":"seed_5ba09fbcbe0efb095d5387f85d4e8895","title":"Extended Page Tables","order":2},{"id":"seed_ab6cacabaa21ff2954f8545e83a112e7","title":"I/O Virtualization (VT-d)","order":3},{"id":"seed_1d7d090f4c305fcf7e186a569c96be9f","title":"Performance Acceleration","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ae57234d6ead69d3f5f3d05a27b6571a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Paravirtualization","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"paravirtualization","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_07f3df4f36abeda2ae9a241a93c93f2c","title":"Paravirtualization Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_bc847adc378f5b58ff358f5d38a7e1e8","title":"Guest Modification","order":1},{"id":"seed_9bfdd9234013967efb672bbb67e07b36","title":"Hypercalls","order":2},{"id":"seed_b6aff62b21b9450574b9cd2bbc7d77a7","title":"Performance Benefits","order":3},{"id":"seed_024ff174d375d1148a6a1e2fffc9050b","title":"Xen Paravirtualization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_266acd941f8f2406cd8a88df011fc9f5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Containers","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"containers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d2b34717089746bbbdb0e67a67cdea7f","title":"Container Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_afce0bbd9cac20e094f2514ccd1a7bcb","title":"Containers vs Virtual Machines","order":1},{"id":"seed_1f45c065a5c5022c55016c1ffd672d79","title":"Docker Architecture","order":2},{"id":"seed_969c74c2ae654f285bd426187b1d3dc9","title":"Container Images","order":3},{"id":"seed_b025defbc6bf45b2a951c4462a9c53a9","title":"Container Orchestration","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_f3e720331ca608163176e6e083d6d993","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Linux Namespaces and Control Groups","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"namespaces-and-cgroups","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_3bff9d7a1b331a28fe14d2de64b968e9","title":"Linux Namespaces","order":0},{"id":"seed_3b567377d4626706cce9eebd990c4872","title":"PID, Network, Mount Namespaces","order":1},{"id":"seed_e0dfd33ba3849500a6ab1dbcc0f38931","title":"cgroups (Control Groups)","order":2},{"id":"seed_ce6a824093b6b64e4511d1d5b8dcd461","title":"Resource Limiting","order":3},{"id":"seed_daa2623629640c68751d693460ba72d0","title":"Container Isolation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_c67c51597f380f37ebb931c1ca2a8228","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Distributed System Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-system-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_71c5e90d77b54839ae1b1ce74af6c969","title":"Distribution Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_38b74e61ab9f5988abaa39673a8852f4","title":"Transparency Types","order":1},{"id":"seed_0da6ccb63c2ba1f9240e179ec9e4d219","title":"Scalability","order":2},{"id":"seed_de5510663a8313ecb28630f67fab9b11","title":"Fault Tolerance","order":3},{"id":"seed_a1675de8af59b928e4a9862847cbd062","title":"Consistency Challenges","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_5020ea10920f2ccac9fac6814bc1fbce","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Communication in Distributed Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-communication","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ba9be4dcfa3419bb723ba3f4fe6bf9f2","title":"Message Passing","order":0},{"id":"seed_6153257929bfc499b851b1ff02d47af1","title":"Remote Procedure Calls (RPC)","order":1},{"id":"seed_c8047f9b84ae558714f33217be309b80","title":"REST and gRPC","order":2},{"id":"seed_3bc83501c40c1d8a219ba84acf9e9a17","title":"Sockets","order":3},{"id":"seed_f6b45b40031e7aa0d1895b6b68b0b57b","title":"Message Queues","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_95cf1ce4325b68ee048ba986103c9155","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Distributed Clocks and Time Synchronization","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-clocks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_efd4ae6c341b1bbd08331a8166a3840c","title":"Clock Synchronization","order":0},{"id":"seed_48013d233e349f5b4bf752726e3d6ab0","title":"Logical Clocks (Lamport)","order":1},{"id":"seed_c4766b9498a073eb5da5bcbc859e8c8c","title":"Vector Clocks","order":2},{"id":"seed_ee3fccd344712dbc185bc364b248ce90","title":"NTP (Network Time Protocol)","order":3},{"id":"seed_d3d845e00794be651c5a1a3ab3c8ee87","title":"Clock Drift","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_07d7f230ea620df583b7f981cee9a418","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Distributed Coordination","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-coordination","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_106ac504d2122803a9983de4236a5541","title":"Leader Election","order":0},{"id":"seed_feb73c57b5ef5d024303c782f86e27bf","title":"Consensus Algorithms","order":1},{"id":"seed_88eb446bdbce18e9363fc454de301cfc","title":"Paxos Basics","order":2},{"id":"seed_e9785a337f73b7ef4fda5afc74cd81d1","title":"Raft Basics","order":3},{"id":"seed_89e5812b353f9d107831797cc0819de7","title":"Distributed Locks","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8016eb77a27f90d20ec661baafebcdaf","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Cloud Computing","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cloud-computing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e4254872ecb2f99773ba0bbe48d613f9","title":"Cloud Service Models","order":0},{"id":"seed_5ae868dd4b23b7d2d257dcfb05fb51fb","title":"IaaS, PaaS, SaaS","order":1},{"id":"seed_b9fbdd0596c6613169e68362b328c68f","title":"Virtualization in Cloud","order":2},{"id":"seed_0674f8021b38249ed97a8790db1a71d5","title":"Container Orchestration (Kubernetes)","order":3},{"id":"seed_4408b9260cb80eb574486eb147321ee7","title":"Cloud OS Considerations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_fcf64e71390497b8acc672168e76eda0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Real-Time Operating System Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"real-time-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6a0223ecafa7de140c893c99dd23789c","title":"Real-Time Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_9127465fd68fbcbdebaf09c428b28be1","title":"Hard vs Soft Real-Time","order":1},{"id":"seed_e16589eee105cd7c461195b2375d5523","title":"Deadlines","order":2},{"id":"seed_347bab7180379ad30256fa7476e1dfdb","title":"Predictability","order":3},{"id":"seed_722a193f6e2acbc84be18a21ecd25fe8","title":"Real-Time Applications","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_469662648f26ffac0c451852d788fcd6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Priority Inversion","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"priority-inversion","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_0219e6480865644ba86085d7d2f6ba95","title":"Priority Inversion Problem","order":0},{"id":"seed_5f0d5860b98ac82a227701f2f1610fd2","title":"Mars Pathfinder Incident","order":1},{"id":"seed_89019c547c2812a880b4359a747d877c","title":"Priority Inheritance","order":2},{"id":"seed_828e9e8d62ae737e3f5c311a2efe1d6d","title":"Priority Ceiling","order":3},{"id":"seed_80c2661556616d3f8933dbc8aed7a9ba","title":"Resource Access Protocols","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_98b407e4e164750e3a68981a098f74ef","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Real-Time OS Features","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"real-time-os-features","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ca8071d74f1b6222e74d66a0357f6a06","title":"Minimal Latency","order":0},{"id":"seed_5b81e87f5c4884d99617ad9012d7f928","title":"Deterministic Behavior","order":1},{"id":"seed_2324ad944304063514a824018154390c","title":"Interrupt Handling","order":2},{"id":"seed_d4497b2cbdab6cccd3689707a7ba6cee","title":"Timer Resolution","order":3},{"id":"seed_c1c6e7b0f5bd04b29ce0f8efd9343af0","title":"Memory Management","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_abd44044a3a187d5af92b7716924a3a0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Real-Time Linux","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"real-time-linux","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_4a08bb80d72cfeb0031682a98e5edc58","title":"PREEMPT_RT Patch","order":0},{"id":"seed_6c1545595b32e938c5c8774d86b46d83","title":"Real-Time Schedulers","order":1},{"id":"seed_adc35b91c4a5dbee94022937009d1b22","title":"Latency Reduction","order":2},{"id":"seed_2b09d12d7972cfe70a8df8da3bf6f656","title":"RT-Linux","order":3},{"id":"seed_ba0494d98bb38a35ed1508753de9b64a","title":"Application Guidelines","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9e6d4f577a93d716f3e7fbf19a9c0e64","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"RTOS Examples","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"rtos-examples","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_475737fc7a8a45ec67227747149925cd","title":"FreeRTOS","order":0},{"id":"seed_b262ace2b9f31ca2abc8524af82c223c","title":"VxWorks","order":1},{"id":"seed_39d3887aba0dabdc076d74661dc6437b","title":"QNX","order":2},{"id":"seed_9c66d456de19395bdd6465f31dba3fa8","title":"Embedded Systems","order":3},{"id":"seed_5b315d046e1a6a27ab380ff273584db0","title":"Automotive Systems","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_3f88e5cb45ad5060c9edf802a12f37c5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux Kernel Architecture","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-kernel-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_986d690d689e8b4fd550b5a5d655ad6f","title":"Monolithic with Modules","order":0},{"id":"seed_8a3bca7033e52d560b4320f0d63c7cc5","title":"Kernel Source Structure","order":1},{"id":"seed_c1acb1677a058a871ce0e5343f0b6d5e","title":"Kernel Configuration","order":2},{"id":"seed_9e4bc6a41b1e7f3c8fff11239bb3276a","title":"Kernel Compilation","order":3},{"id":"seed_d6aebed7d7f19a427dd6692c2f09ce26","title":"Kernel Versioning","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2c41c3e1c0341c349751860904901bdd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux Process Management","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-process-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_09850e9faf411aee3dec4fb19e5cb799","title":"task_struct: The Heart of Linux Process Representation","order":0},{"id":"seed_04b090bc6b2fe8da3baf5a90d8b117dd","title":"Process Creation: The do_fork Mechanism","order":1},{"id":"seed_7a086f07468c7dbe20c03d818c755a24","title":"Scheduling Classes: Linux's Modular Scheduler Architecture","order":2},{"id":"seed_904f0b1f374430228bee0e121cda3ffd","title":"CFS Implementation: The Completely Fair Scheduler","order":3},{"id":"seed_9f1832da2a35bcdbed055241e62551ff","title":"Process States: The Task Lifecycle","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8c94706184061e777cf1aaedccb0cc01","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux File Systems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e2859b01fc6cbf6d1a19336725638db3","title":"VFS Implementation","order":0},{"id":"seed_3a417e8e0db5a9c294038a1fb563583e","title":"ext4 Internals","order":1},{"id":"seed_210c32586bede4f34fb27cd323588920","title":"Block I/O Layer","order":2},{"id":"seed_00a0da083a32df259b332e78ecffe30d","title":"Page Cache","order":3},{"id":"seed_3c3821d4def5b6d107bdbeaca20a66e0","title":"File Operations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a8c39b926ec49c0218ba46234e830728","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux Networking","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-networking","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1083c2c7b0b3029cb799e47582801288","title":"Socket Layer","order":0},{"id":"seed_2f91d7d6c85bdc11bb9b4f0725953fcb","title":"Protocol Stack","order":1},{"id":"seed_528d17ee03da3ac52d1937d4cd68a39c","title":"Network Namespaces","order":2},{"id":"seed_56f29002a590e05f7f7ab263c0f1aa7e","title":"TCP/IP Implementation","order":3},{"id":"seed_4f34a063875b32a275de79c20484fee5","title":"Packet Flow","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_0740281df0c7941405c2dd7a5d6961fa","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"eBPF: The Linux Kernel's Programmability Revolution","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ebpf","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7b42afc3b029738ac8f5ebbfe6539b88","title":"eBPF Overview","order":0},{"id":"seed_32b50868c1b105951253a7e23b8f5354","title":"eBPF Programs","order":1},{"id":"seed_9a5b1cdc78c6a32f9f743a65b19947fc","title":"Tracing and Observability","order":2},{"id":"seed_7c5409e00a6f6bd3b1d60474313b912c","title":"Networking Use Cases","order":3},{"id":"seed_859be2212f960fe4733b5ee46d12dea5","title":"Security Applications","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_c2ecb2e85e9e2d5627d3d741590fec9f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design And Interview","sectionOrder":46,"title":"Operating System Design Principles","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-design-principles","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_8f5f42b40a15c8d6541c6f5a3c8dfea1","title":"Separation of Concerns","order":0},{"id":"seed_8cabcec891180478c931779a5340a792","title":"Modularity","order":1},{"id":"seed_04835217784d72acf47feb753f0b2763","title":"Abstraction Layers","order":2},{"id":"seed_ec52d23ce4693018d39d0324a77bcfa1","title":"Policy vs Mechanism","order":3},{"id":"seed_74155ab4ebba471c2c7efa51bbd19b87","title":"Design Tradeoffs","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_bc3130db7917207d80f7ae4ef50a9318","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design And Interview","sectionOrder":46,"title":"Interview Problem Types","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"interview-problem-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_dc50c4e9e564a79edb58e2d340633658","title":"Scheduling Problems","order":0},{"id":"seed_f0d9c76d84e249e017e1c1dd24baa60d","title":"Synchronization Problems","order":1},{"id":"seed_1b6c23fae7e1ac41acc8b3ba5c1470d6","title":"Memory Calculations","order":2},{"id":"seed_d51a0a5776c86dff5ef28686ebf413cb","title":"File System Calculations","order":3},{"id":"seed_bd12ccee95159ea9dd0075bb5e8dcbb8","title":"System Design","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e2513a76988d732572d92d681041d094","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Classic Operating System Problems","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"classic-os-problems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e52803a99b3e47224cedfe3cd839b197","title":"Producer-Consumer Analysis","order":0},{"id":"seed_afbcc1df443f1911585db9ba42834683","title":"Readers-Writers Variations","order":1},{"id":"seed_620106732b2db0a5ade32e1461d11864","title":"Dining Philosophers Solutions","order":2},{"id":"seed_732074924e4fd30dc36952e26cf7a687","title":"Sleeping Barber Problem","order":3},{"id":"seed_e103551fe8acb8417c426178198a698a","title":"Problem-Solving Strategies","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_64eb8d30a7a4ba66acb0bd28e5e96496","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Numerical Problems in Operating Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-numerical-problems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_848a12073a6b699348a11be1ca3a64f8","title":"Process Timing Calculations","order":0},{"id":"seed_70166ff7f14c10536bdd071fd56dfd31","title":"Page Table Size Calculations","order":1},{"id":"seed_0071602135d23152cba532e184dde922","title":"TLB Hit Ratio Calculations","order":2},{"id":"seed_5ed3d44a3990ec1a212fa7f1a3e84937","title":"Disk Scheduling Seek Time Calculations","order":3},{"id":"seed_b7c3e8d00b90698caf0deb0472028b9d","title":"Memory Access Time Calculations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2b5c7aa0affd151ce761f39d33566b14","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Conceptual Questions","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"conceptual-questions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_5590f2e6c6f44c8d941d1b5ac24d624f","title":"Process vs Thread Differences","order":0},{"id":"seed_3bfb39a110bfcba8a0b69cbcd7d9dbea","title":"Virtual Memory Benefits","order":1},{"id":"seed_f244723bf86caa01faf6407ed0d1c28f","title":"Deadlock Conditions","order":2},{"id":"seed_c181c214fecdabfb21b5c3937e757664","title":"File System Comparisons","order":3},{"id":"seed_d0c56cae38e63619aa707197ad309b12","title":"Security Concepts","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_53d78947ce21d614c8f2e296cfc31dec","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Operating System Project Ideas","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-project-ideas","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_040668230e780364a50ddbb2efc6f33a","title":"Simple Shell","order":0},{"id":"seed_ff022bf7192228fe687fffca9622de66","title":"Custom Scheduler","order":1},{"id":"seed_46fbf023d6120711871f74f9d51aa46e","title":"Memory Allocator","order":2},{"id":"seed_fa4fc1dfe4a11345c1a7d9767d10ec5c","title":"File System Implementation","order":3},{"id":"seed_616029ea1060ac26840bb4fae1672692","title":"Mini Kernel","order":4}]}]},"currentModule":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:json:path:modules:140","prevModule":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:json:path:modules:139","nextModule":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:json:path:modules:141","allModules":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:json:path:modules"},"meta":{"values":{"path.createdAt":["Date"],"path.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.0.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.0.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.1.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.1.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.2.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.2.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.3.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.3.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.4.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.4.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.5.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.5.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.6.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.6.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.7.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.7.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.8.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.8.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.9.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.9.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.10.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.10.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.11.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.11.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.12.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.12.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.13.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.13.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.14.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.14.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.15.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.15.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.16.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.16.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.17.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.17.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.18.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.18.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.19.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.19.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.20.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.20.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.21.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.21.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.22.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.22.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.23.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.23.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.24.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.24.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.25.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.25.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.26.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.26.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.27.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.27.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.28.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.28.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.29.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.29.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.30.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.30.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.31.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.31.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.32.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.32.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.33.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.33.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.34.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.34.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.35.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.35.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.36.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.36.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.37.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.37.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.38.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.38.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.39.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.39.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.40.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.40.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.41.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.41.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.42.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.42.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.43.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.43.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.44.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.44.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.45.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.45.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.46.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.46.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.47.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.47.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.48.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.48.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.49.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.49.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.50.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.50.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.51.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.51.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.52.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.52.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.53.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.53.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.54.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.54.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.55.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.55.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.56.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.56.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.57.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.57.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.58.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.58.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.59.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.59.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.60.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.60.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.61.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.61.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.62.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.62.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.63.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.63.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.64.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.64.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.65.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.65.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.66.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.66.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.67.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.67.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.68.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.68.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.69.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.69.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.70.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.70.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.71.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.71.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.72.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.72.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.73.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.73.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.74.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.74.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.75.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.75.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.76.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.76.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.77.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.77.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.78.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.78.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.79.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.79.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.80.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.80.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.81.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.81.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.82.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.82.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.83.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.83.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.84.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.84.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.85.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.85.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.86.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.86.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.87.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.87.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.88.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.88.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.89.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.89.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.90.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.90.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.91.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.91.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.92.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.92.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.93.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.93.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.94.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.94.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.95.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.95.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.96.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.96.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.97.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.97.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.98.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.98.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.99.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.99.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.100.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.100.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.101.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.101.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.102.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.102.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.103.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.103.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.104.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.104.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.105.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.105.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.106.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.106.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.107.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.107.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.108.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.108.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.109.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.109.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.110.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.110.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.111.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.111.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.112.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.112.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.113.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.113.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.114.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.114.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.115.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.115.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.116.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.116.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.117.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.117.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.118.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.118.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.119.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.119.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.120.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.120.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.121.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.121.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.122.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.122.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.123.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.123.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.124.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.124.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.125.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.125.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.126.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.126.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.127.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.127.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.128.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.128.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.129.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.129.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.130.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.130.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.131.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.131.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.132.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.132.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.133.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.133.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.134.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.134.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.135.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.135.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.136.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.136.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.137.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.137.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.138.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.138.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.139.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.139.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.140.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.140.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.141.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.141.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.142.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.142.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.143.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.143.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.144.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.144.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.145.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.145.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.146.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.146.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.147.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.147.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.148.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.148.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.149.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.149.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.150.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.150.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.151.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.151.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.152.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.152.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.153.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.153.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.154.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.154.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.155.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.155.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.156.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.156.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.157.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.157.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.158.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.158.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.159.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.159.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.160.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.160.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.161.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.161.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.162.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.162.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.163.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.163.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.164.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.164.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.165.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.165.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.166.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.166.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.167.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.167.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.168.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.168.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.169.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.169.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.170.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.170.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.171.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.171.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.172.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.172.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.173.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.173.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.174.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.174.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.175.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.175.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.176.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.176.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.177.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.177.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.178.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.178.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.179.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.179.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.180.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.180.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.181.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.181.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.182.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.182.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.183.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.183.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.184.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.184.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.185.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.185.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.186.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.186.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.187.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.187.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.188.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.188.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.189.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.189.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.190.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.190.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.191.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.191.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.192.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.192.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.193.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.193.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.194.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.194.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.195.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.195.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.196.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.196.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.197.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.197.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.198.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.198.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.199.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.199.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.200.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.200.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.201.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.201.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.202.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.202.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.203.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.203.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.204.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.204.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.205.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.205.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.206.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.206.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.207.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.207.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.208.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.208.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.209.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.209.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.210.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.210.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.211.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.211.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.212.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.212.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.213.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.213.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.214.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.214.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.215.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.215.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.216.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.216.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.217.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.217.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.218.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.218.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.219.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.219.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.220.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.220.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.221.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.221.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.222.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.222.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.223.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.223.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.224.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.224.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.225.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.225.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.226.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.226.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.227.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.227.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.228.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.228.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.229.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.229.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.230.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.230.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.231.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.231.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.232.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.232.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.233.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.233.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.234.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.234.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.235.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.235.updatedAt":["Date"],"currentModule.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.140.createdAt","currentModule.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.140.updatedAt","prevModule.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.139.createdAt","prevModule.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.139.updatedAt","nextModule.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.141.createdAt","nextModule.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.141.updatedAt","allModules.0.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.0.createdAt","allModules.0.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.0.updatedAt","allModules.1.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.1.createdAt","allModules.1.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.1.updatedAt","allModules.2.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.2.createdAt","allModules.2.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.2.updatedAt","allModules.3.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.3.createdAt","allModules.3.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.3.updatedAt","allModules.4.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.4.createdAt","allModules.4.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.4.updatedAt","allModules.5.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.5.createdAt","allModules.5.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.5.updatedAt","allModules.6.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.6.createdAt","allModules.6.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.6.updatedAt","allModules.7.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.7.createdAt","allModules.7.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.7.updatedAt","allModules.8.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.8.createdAt","allModules.8.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.8.updatedAt","allModules.9.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.9.createdAt","allModules.9.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.9.updatedAt","allModules.10.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.10.createdAt","allModules.10.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.10.updatedAt","allModules.11.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.11.createdAt","allModules.11.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.11.updatedAt","allModules.12.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.12.createdAt","allModules.12.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.12.updatedAt","allModules.13.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.13.createdAt","allModules.13.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.13.updatedAt","allModules.14.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.14.createdAt","allModules.14.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.14.updatedAt","allModules.15.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.15.createdAt","allModules.15.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.15.updatedAt","allModules.16.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.16.createdAt","allModules.16.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.16.updatedAt","allModules.17.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.17.createdAt","allModules.17.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.17.updatedAt","allModules.18.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.18.createdAt","allModules.18.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.18.updatedAt","allModules.19.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.19.createdAt","allModules.19.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.19.updatedAt","allModules.20.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.20.createdAt","allModules.20.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.20.updatedAt","allModules.21.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.21.createdAt","allModules.21.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.21.updatedAt","allModules.22.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.22.createdAt","allModules.22.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.22.updatedAt","allModules.23.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.23.createdAt","allModules.23.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.23.updatedAt","allModules.24.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.24.createdAt","allModules.24.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.24.updatedAt","allModules.25.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.25.createdAt","allModules.25.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.25.updatedAt","allModules.26.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.26.createdAt","allModules.26.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.26.updatedAt","allModules.27.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.27.createdAt","allModules.27.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.27.updatedAt","allModules.28.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.28.createdAt","allModules.28.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.28.updatedAt","allModules.29.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.29.createdAt","allModules.29.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.29.updatedAt","allModules.30.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.30.createdAt","allModules.30.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.30.updatedAt","allModules.31.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.31.createdAt","allModules.31.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.31.updatedAt","allModules.32.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.32.createdAt","allModules.32.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.32.updatedAt","allModules.33.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.33.createdAt","allModules.33.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.33.updatedAt","allModules.34.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.34.createdAt","allModules.34.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.34.updatedAt","allModules.35.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.35.createdAt","allModules.35.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.35.updatedAt","allModules.36.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.36.createdAt","allModules.36.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.36.updatedAt","allModules.37.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.37.createdAt","allModules.37.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.37.updatedAt","allModules.38.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.38.createdAt","allModules.38.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.38.updatedAt","allModules.39.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.39.createdAt","allModules.39.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.39.updatedAt","allModules.40.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.40.createdAt","allModules.40.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.40.updatedAt","allModules.41.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.41.createdAt","allModules.41.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.41.updatedAt","allModules.42.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.42.createdAt","allModules.42.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.42.updatedAt","allModules.43.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.43.createdAt","allModules.43.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.43.updatedAt","allModules.44.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.44.createdAt","allModules.44.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.44.updatedAt","allModules.45.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.45.createdAt","allModules.45.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.45.updatedAt","allModules.46.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.46.createdAt","allModules.46.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.46.updatedAt","allModules.47.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.47.createdAt","allModules.47.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.47.updatedAt","allModules.48.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.48.createdAt","allModules.48.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.48.updatedAt","allModules.49.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.49.createdAt","allModules.49.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.49.updatedAt","allModules.50.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.50.createdAt","allModules.50.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.50.updatedAt","allModules.51.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.51.createdAt","allModules.51.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.51.updatedAt","allModules.52.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.52.createdAt","allModules.52.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.52.updatedAt","allModules.53.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.53.createdAt","allModules.53.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.53.updatedAt","allModules.54.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.54.createdAt","allModules.54.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.54.updatedAt","allModules.55.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.55.createdAt","allModules.55.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.55.updatedAt","allModules.56.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.56.createdAt","allModules.56.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.56.updatedAt","allModules.57.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.57.createdAt","allModules.57.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.57.updatedAt","allModules.58.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.58.createdAt","allModules.58.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.58.updatedAt","allModules.59.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.59.createdAt","allModules.59.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.59.updatedAt","allModules.60.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.60.createdAt","allModules.60.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.60.updatedAt","allModules.61.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.61.createdAt","allModules.61.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.61.updatedAt","allModules.62.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.62.createdAt","allModules.62.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.62.updatedAt","allModules.63.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.63.createdAt","allModules.63.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.63.updatedAt","allModules.64.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.64.createdAt","allModules.64.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.64.updatedAt","allModules.65.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.65.createdAt","allModules.65.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.65.updatedAt","allModules.66.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.66.createdAt","allModules.66.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.66.updatedAt","allModules.67.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.67.createdAt","allModules.67.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.67.updatedAt","allModules.68.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.68.createdAt","allModules.68.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.68.updatedAt","allModules.69.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.69.createdAt","allModules.69.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.69.updatedAt","allModules.70.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.70.createdAt","allModules.70.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.70.updatedAt","allModules.71.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.71.createdAt","allModules.71.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.71.updatedAt","allModules.72.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.72.createdAt","allModules.72.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.72.updatedAt","allModules.73.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.73.createdAt","allModules.73.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.73.updatedAt","allModules.74.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.74.createdAt","allModules.74.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.74.updatedAt","allModules.75.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.75.createdAt","allModules.75.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.75.updatedAt","allModules.76.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.76.createdAt","allModules.76.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.76.updatedAt","allModules.77.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.77.createdAt","allModules.77.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.77.updatedAt","allModules.78.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.78.createdAt","allModules.78.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.78.updatedAt","allModules.79.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.79.createdAt","allModules.79.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.79.updatedAt","allModules.80.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.80.createdAt","allModules.80.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.80.updatedAt","allModules.81.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.81.createdAt","allModules.81.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.81.updatedAt","allModules.82.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.82.createdAt","allModules.82.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.82.updatedAt","allModules.83.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.83.createdAt","allModules.83.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.83.updatedAt","allModules.84.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.84.createdAt","allModules.84.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.84.updatedAt","allModules.85.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.85.createdAt","allModules.85.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.85.updatedAt","allModules.86.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.86.createdAt","allModules.86.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.86.updatedAt","allModules.87.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.87.createdAt","allModules.87.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.87.updatedAt","allModules.88.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.88.createdAt","allModules.88.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.88.updatedAt","allModules.89.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.89.createdAt","allModules.89.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.89.updatedAt","allModules.90.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.90.createdAt","allModules.90.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.90.updatedAt","allModules.91.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.91.createdAt","allModules.91.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.91.updatedAt","allModules.92.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.92.createdAt","allModules.92.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.92.updatedAt","allModules.93.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.93.createdAt","allModules.93.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.93.updatedAt","allModules.94.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.94.createdAt","allModules.94.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.94.updatedAt","allModules.95.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.95.createdAt","allModules.95.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.95.updatedAt","allModules.96.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.96.createdAt","allModules.96.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.96.updatedAt","allModules.97.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.97.createdAt","allModules.97.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.97.updatedAt","allModules.98.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.98.createdAt","allModules.98.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.98.updatedAt","allModules.99.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.99.createdAt","allModules.99.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.99.updatedAt","allModules.100.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.100.createdAt","allModules.100.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.100.updatedAt","allModules.101.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.101.createdAt","allModules.101.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.101.updatedAt","allModules.102.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.102.createdAt","allModules.102.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.102.updatedAt","allModules.103.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.103.createdAt","allModules.103.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.103.updatedAt","allModules.104.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.104.createdAt","allModules.104.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.104.updatedAt","allModules.105.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.105.createdAt","allModules.105.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.105.updatedAt","allModules.106.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.106.createdAt","allModules.106.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.106.updatedAt","allModules.107.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.107.createdAt","allModules.107.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.107.updatedAt","allModules.108.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.108.createdAt","allModules.108.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.108.updatedAt","allModules.109.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.109.createdAt","allModules.109.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.109.updatedAt","allModules.110.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.110.createdAt","allModules.110.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.110.updatedAt","allModules.111.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.111.createdAt","allModules.111.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.111.updatedAt","allModules.112.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.112.createdAt","allModules.112.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.112.updatedAt","allModules.113.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.113.createdAt","allModules.113.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.113.updatedAt","allModules.114.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.114.createdAt","allModules.114.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.114.updatedAt","allModules.115.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.115.createdAt","allModules.115.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.115.updatedAt","allModules.116.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.116.createdAt","allModules.116.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.116.updatedAt","allModules.117.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.117.createdAt","allModules.117.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.117.updatedAt","allModules.118.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.118.createdAt","allModules.118.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.118.updatedAt","allModules.119.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.119.createdAt","allModules.119.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.119.updatedAt","allModules.120.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.120.createdAt","allModules.120.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.120.updatedAt","allModules.121.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.121.createdAt","allModules.121.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.121.updatedAt","allModules.122.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.122.createdAt","allModules.122.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.122.updatedAt","allModules.123.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.123.createdAt","allModules.123.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.123.updatedAt","allModules.124.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.124.createdAt","allModules.124.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.124.updatedAt","allModules.125.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.125.createdAt","allModules.125.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.125.updatedAt","allModules.126.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.126.createdAt","allModules.126.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.126.updatedAt","allModules.127.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.127.createdAt","allModules.127.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.127.updatedAt","allModules.128.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.128.createdAt","allModules.128.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.128.updatedAt","allModules.129.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.129.createdAt","allModules.129.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.129.updatedAt","allModules.130.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.130.createdAt","allModules.130.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.130.updatedAt","allModules.131.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.131.createdAt","allModules.131.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.131.updatedAt","allModules.132.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.132.createdAt","allModules.132.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.132.updatedAt","allModules.133.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.133.createdAt","allModules.133.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.133.updatedAt","allModules.134.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.134.createdAt","allModules.134.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.134.updatedAt","allModules.135.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.135.createdAt","allModules.135.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.135.updatedAt","allModules.136.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.136.createdAt","allModules.136.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.136.updatedAt","allModules.137.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.137.createdAt","allModules.137.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.137.updatedAt","allModules.138.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.138.createdAt","allModules.138.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.138.updatedAt","allModules.139.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.139.createdAt","allModules.139.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.139.updatedAt","allModules.140.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.140.createdAt","allModules.140.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.140.updatedAt","allModules.141.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.141.createdAt","allModules.141.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.141.updatedAt","allModules.142.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.142.createdAt","allModules.142.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.142.updatedAt","allModules.143.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.143.createdAt","allModules.143.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.143.updatedAt","allModules.144.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.144.createdAt","allModules.144.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.144.updatedAt","allModules.145.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.145.createdAt","allModules.145.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.145.updatedAt","allModules.146.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.146.createdAt","allModules.146.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.146.updatedAt","allModules.147.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.147.createdAt","allModules.147.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.147.updatedAt","allModules.148.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.148.createdAt","allModules.148.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.148.updatedAt","allModules.149.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.149.createdAt","allModules.149.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.149.updatedAt","allModules.150.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.150.createdAt","allModules.150.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.150.updatedAt","allModules.151.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.151.createdAt","allModules.151.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.151.updatedAt","allModules.152.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.152.createdAt","allModules.152.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.152.updatedAt","allModules.153.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.153.createdAt","allModules.153.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.153.updatedAt","allModules.154.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.154.createdAt","allModules.154.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.154.updatedAt","allModules.155.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.155.createdAt","allModules.155.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.155.updatedAt","allModules.156.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.156.createdAt","allModules.156.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.156.updatedAt","allModules.157.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.157.createdAt","allModules.157.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.157.updatedAt","allModules.158.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.158.createdAt","allModules.158.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.158.updatedAt","allModules.159.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.159.createdAt","allModules.159.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.159.updatedAt","allModules.160.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.160.createdAt","allModules.160.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.160.updatedAt","allModules.161.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.161.createdAt","allModules.161.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.161.updatedAt","allModules.162.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.162.createdAt","allModules.162.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.162.updatedAt","allModules.163.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.163.createdAt","allModules.163.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.163.updatedAt","allModules.164.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.164.createdAt","allModules.164.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.164.updatedAt","allModules.165.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.165.createdAt","allModules.165.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.165.updatedAt","allModules.166.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.166.createdAt","allModules.166.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.166.updatedAt","allModules.167.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.167.createdAt","allModules.167.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.167.updatedAt","allModules.168.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.168.createdAt","allModules.168.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.168.updatedAt","allModules.169.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.169.createdAt","allModules.169.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.169.updatedAt","allModules.170.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.170.createdAt","allModules.170.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.170.updatedAt","allModules.171.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.171.createdAt","allModules.171.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.171.updatedAt","allModules.172.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.172.createdAt","allModules.172.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.172.updatedAt","allModules.173.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.173.createdAt","allModules.173.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.173.updatedAt","allModules.174.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.174.createdAt","allModules.174.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.174.updatedAt","allModules.175.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.175.createdAt","allModules.175.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.175.updatedAt","allModules.176.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.176.createdAt","allModules.176.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.176.updatedAt","allModules.177.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.177.createdAt","allModules.177.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.177.updatedAt","allModules.178.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.178.createdAt","allModules.178.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.178.updatedAt","allModules.179.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.179.createdAt","allModules.179.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.179.updatedAt","allModules.180.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.180.createdAt","allModules.180.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.180.updatedAt","allModules.181.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.181.createdAt","allModules.181.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.181.updatedAt","allModules.182.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.182.createdAt","allModules.182.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.182.updatedAt","allModules.183.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.183.createdAt","allModules.183.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.183.updatedAt","allModules.184.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.184.createdAt","allModules.184.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.184.updatedAt","allModules.185.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.185.createdAt","allModules.185.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.185.updatedAt","allModules.186.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.186.createdAt","allModules.186.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.186.updatedAt","allModules.187.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.187.createdAt","allModules.187.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.187.updatedAt","allModules.188.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.188.createdAt","allModules.188.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.188.updatedAt","allModules.189.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.189.createdAt","allModules.189.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.189.updatedAt","allModules.190.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.190.createdAt","allModules.190.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.190.updatedAt","allModules.191.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.191.createdAt","allModules.191.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.191.updatedAt","allModules.192.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.192.createdAt","allModules.192.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.192.updatedAt","allModules.193.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.193.createdAt","allModules.193.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.193.updatedAt","allModules.194.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.194.createdAt","allModules.194.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.194.updatedAt","allModules.195.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.195.createdAt","allModules.195.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.195.updatedAt","allModules.196.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.196.createdAt","allModules.196.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.196.updatedAt","allModules.197.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.197.createdAt","allModules.197.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.197.updatedAt","allModules.198.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.198.createdAt","allModules.198.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.198.updatedAt","allModules.199.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.199.createdAt","allModules.199.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.199.updatedAt","allModules.200.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.200.createdAt","allModules.200.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.200.updatedAt","allModules.201.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.201.createdAt","allModules.201.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.201.updatedAt","allModules.202.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.202.createdAt","allModules.202.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.202.updatedAt","allModules.203.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.203.createdAt","allModules.203.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.203.updatedAt","allModules.204.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.204.createdAt","allModules.204.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.204.updatedAt","allModules.205.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.205.createdAt","allModules.205.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.205.updatedAt","allModules.206.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.206.createdAt","allModules.206.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.206.updatedAt","allModules.207.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.207.createdAt","allModules.207.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.207.updatedAt","allModules.208.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.208.createdAt","allModules.208.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.208.updatedAt","allModules.209.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.209.createdAt","allModules.209.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.209.updatedAt","allModules.210.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.210.createdAt","allModules.210.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.210.updatedAt","allModules.211.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.211.createdAt","allModules.211.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.211.updatedAt","allModules.212.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.212.createdAt","allModules.212.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.212.updatedAt","allModules.213.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.213.createdAt","allModules.213.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.213.updatedAt","allModules.214.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.214.createdAt","allModules.214.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.214.updatedAt","allModules.215.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.215.createdAt","allModules.215.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.215.updatedAt","allModules.216.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.216.createdAt","allModules.216.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.216.updatedAt","allModules.217.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.217.createdAt","allModules.217.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.217.updatedAt","allModules.218.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.218.createdAt","allModules.218.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.218.updatedAt","allModules.219.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.219.createdAt","allModules.219.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.219.updatedAt","allModules.220.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.220.createdAt","allModules.220.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.220.updatedAt","allModules.221.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.221.createdAt","allModules.221.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.221.updatedAt","allModules.222.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.222.createdAt","allModules.222.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.222.updatedAt","allModules.223.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.223.createdAt","allModules.223.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.223.updatedAt","allModules.224.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.224.createdAt","allModules.224.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.224.updatedAt","allModules.225.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.225.createdAt","allModules.225.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.225.updatedAt","allModules.226.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.226.createdAt","allModules.226.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.226.updatedAt","allModules.227.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.227.createdAt","allModules.227.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.227.updatedAt","allModules.228.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.228.createdAt","allModules.228.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.228.updatedAt","allModules.229.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.229.createdAt","allModules.229.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.229.updatedAt","allModules.230.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.230.createdAt","allModules.230.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.230.updatedAt","allModules.231.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.231.createdAt","allModules.231.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.231.updatedAt","allModules.232.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.232.createdAt","allModules.232.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.232.updatedAt","allModules.233.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.233.createdAt","allModules.233.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.233.updatedAt","allModules.234.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.234.createdAt","allModules.234.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.234.updatedAt","allModules.235.createdAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.235.createdAt","allModules.235.updatedAt":"$45:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.235.updatedAt"},"referentialEqualities":{"allModules":["path.modules"],"prevModule":["path.modules.139"],"currentModule":["path.modules.140"],"nextModule":["path.modules.141"]},"v":1}},"dataUpdateCount":1,"dataUpdatedAt":1792282199356,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"success","fetchStatus":"idle"},"queryKey":[["learningPaths","getModule"],{"input":{"pathSlug":"operating-systems","contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"huge-pages"},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"learningPaths\",\"getModule\"],{\"input\":{\"contentSlug\":\"huge-pages\",\"contentType\":\"LEARNING\",\"pathSlug\":\"operating-systems\"},\"type\":\"query\"}]"},{"dehydratedAt":1792282199659,"state":{"data":{"json":{"id":"seed_32065ada3f1107740c5bfd2f24a1b360","slug":"huge-pages","category":"Operating Systems","topic":"Huge Pages","title":"Huge Pages: Optimizing Memory Management at Scale","description":"Master the concepts of huge pages and their role in modern memory management. Explore the tradeoffs between standard 4KB pages and huge pages (2MB/1GB), understand TLB efficiency, learn allocation strategies, and discover when and how to leverage transparent huge pages for optimal system performance.","difficulty":"ADVANCED","estimatedMinutes":75,"pages":[{"id":"seed_c5fd7ca27eaf2e8369d8f785e59581d1","title":"Standard vs Huge Pages","order":0,"content":[{"id":"opening-hook","title":"The Hidden Cost of Memory Translation","content":[{"data":{"content":"Every memory access your program makes is a lie—at least from the hardware's perspective. When your code reads from address `0x7ffd5a3b1000`, the CPU must translate this **virtual address** into a **physical address** before any actual memory operation can occur. This translation happens billions of times per second on a modern system, and its efficiency fundamentally determines application performance.\n\nFor decades, operating systems have used a standard page size of **4 kilobytes (4KB)** as the fundamental unit of memory management. This choice, made when physical memory was measured in megabytes, has become increasingly problematic as systems now manage **hundreds of gigabytes or even terabytes** of RAM.\n\n**Huge pages** represent a fundamental shift in this paradigm—allowing the operating system to manage memory in units of **2MB or 1GB** instead of 4KB. This seemingly simple change has profound implications for performance, memory overhead, and system design."},"type":"text"},{"data":{"icon":"Target","title":"What You Will Learn","content":"By the end of this page, you will understand the architectural foundations of page size design, compare standard and huge pages across multiple dimensions, and grasp why modern systems increasingly demand larger page sizes to maintain efficient memory management.","variant":"info"},"type":"callout"}]},{"id":"anatomy-of-page","title":"The Anatomy of a Page","content":[{"data":{"content":"Before comparing standard and huge pages, we must understand what a **page** fundamentally represents in the memory hierarchy and why its size is one of the most consequential design decisions in computer architecture.\n\n**A page is the atomic unit of memory management.** The operating system allocates, protects, maps, and swaps memory at page granularity. When you request memory via `malloc()` or `mmap()`, the kernel ultimately provides you with one or more pages. When the MMU (Memory Management Unit) translates virtual addresses, it does so page by page."},"type":"text"},{"data":{"rows":[["Standard","4 KB","12 bits","4 KB","General-purpose computing"],["Large (x86)","2 MB","21 bits","2 MB","Databases, virtualization"],["Huge (x86)","1 GB","30 bits","1 GB","HPC, large memory servers"],["Large (ARM)","64 KB","16 bits","64 KB","Mobile, embedded (optional)"],["Large (ARM)","2 MB","21 bits","2 MB","Server ARM platforms"]],"caption":"Page Size Comparison Across Architectures","headers":["Page Type","Size","Bits Offset","Address Coverage per PTE","Typical Use Case"]},"type":"table"},{"data":{"content":"**The virtual address decomposition:**\n\nEvery virtual address is conceptually split into two parts:\n\n1. **Page Number (VPN)**: Identifies which page the address belongs to\n2. **Page Offset**: Identifies the specific byte within that page\n\nFor a 4KB page, the lower 12 bits form the offset (2¹² = 4096 bytes), and the remaining bits form the virtual page number. For a 2MB page, the lower 21 bits form the offset (2²¹ = 2,097,152 bytes), dramatically reducing the number of pages needed to cover the same address space."},"type":"text"},{"data":{"fileName":"address_decomposition.c","languages":[{"code":"$71","label":"C","value":"c"}],"showLineNumbers":true},"type":"code"},{"data":{"icon":"Lightbulb","title":"The Critical Insight","content":"With larger page sizes, fewer pages are needed to cover the same virtual address space. A 128GB address space requires 33,554,432 entries with 4KB pages, but only 65,536 entries with 2MB pages—a 512x reduction. This reduction cascades through the entire memory management hierarchy.","variant":"note"},"type":"callout"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":1},{"id":"why-4kb-standard","title":"Why 4KB Became the Standard","content":[{"data":{"content":"The 4KB page size wasn't chosen arbitrarily—it emerged as a careful balance between competing concerns in an era when memory was expensive and scarce. Understanding this historical context reveals why larger pages weren't adopted earlier and what has changed.\n\n**The original constraints:**"},"type":"text"},{"data":{"items":["**Memory was expensive**: Physical RAM was measured in megabytes. A 4KB page allowed fine-grained allocation that minimized waste.","**Internal fragmentation concerns**: When allocating a 100-byte object, wasting 3,996 bytes (4KB page) was acceptable; wasting ~2MB would have been catastrophic.","**Disk I/O alignment**: Early disk sectors were 512 bytes; 4KB (8 sectors) provided good alignment with reasonable read-ahead.","**Page table size**: Smaller pages meant smaller per-entry overhead. With limited memory, keeping page tables small was essential.","**TLB size**: Early TLBs had only 8-64 entries. Smaller pages meant each TLB entry covered less memory, but more pages could fit in smaller working sets."],"title":{"icon":"Info","text":"Historical Design Constraints (1970s-1990s)","type":"icon","color":"primary","variant":"outline-circle"},"variant":"accent"},"type":"list"},{"data":{"content":"**The internal fragmentation tradeoff:**\n\nInternal fragmentation occurs when allocated space exceeds what's actually needed. With pages as the allocation unit, any request rounds up to the nearest page boundary.\n\n*Average internal fragmentation = Page Size / 2*\n\nFor 4KB pages: average waste = 2KB per allocation\nFor 2MB pages: average waste = 1MB per allocation\nFor 1GB pages: average waste = 512MB per allocation\n\nWhen systems had 16MB of RAM, wasting 1MB on internal fragmentation for a small process was unthinkable. Today, with 512GB systems, this constraint has inverted—the overhead of managing millions of 4KB pages exceeds the cost of some internal fragmentation with huge pages."},"type":"text"},{"data":{"rows":[["1980s","1-16 MB","256-4K pages","Critical (2KB waste per page)","Negligible"],["1990s","16-256 MB","4K-64K pages","Significant","Minor"],["2000s","256MB-4GB","64K-1M pages","Moderate","Noticeable"],["2010s","4-64 GB","1M-16M pages","Low concern","Significant"],["2020s","64GB-1TB+","16M-256M+ pages","Minimal (for large apps)","Dominant concern"]],"caption":"Evolution of Memory Density vs Page Size Impact","headers":["Era","Typical RAM","4KB Pages Required","Internal Fragmentation Concern","Page Table Overhead"]},"type":"table"},{"data":{"icon":"Sparkles","title":"The Paradigm Shift","content":"In modern systems, the bottleneck has shifted from internal fragmentation (wasted space within pages) to external overhead (TLB misses, page table walks, and memory consumed by page table structures). Huge pages directly address these new bottlenecks.","variant":"tip"},"type":"callout"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":2},{"id":"page-table-explosion","title":"The Page Table Explosion","content":[{"data":{"content":"As physical memory grew, the infrastructure required to manage 4KB pages expanded dramatically. Consider a modern server with 1TB of RAM running a database that maps its entire dataset into memory:"},"type":"text"},{"data":{"left":[{"data":{"items":["**Page count**: 268,435,456 pages","**Page table entries**: 8 bytes each × 268M = **2GB** just for PTEs","**TLB coverage**: 256-4096 entries × 4KB = **1-16MB** (0.0001-0.0016% of RAM)","**Translation overhead**: Multi-level walks for most accesses","**Context switch cost**: TLB flush impacts millions of entries"],"title":{"icon":"XCircle","text":"With 4KB Pages (1TB RAM)","type":"icon","color":"destructive","variant":"outline-circle"},"variant":"accent"},"type":"list"}],"right":[{"data":{"items":["**Page count**: 524,288 pages","**Page table entries**: 8 bytes each × 512K = **4MB** for PTEs","**TLB coverage**: 256-4096 entries × 2MB = **512MB-8GB** (0.05-0.8% of RAM)","**Translation overhead**: Fewer levels, faster walks","**Context switch cost**: Dramatically reduced TLB pressure"],"title":{"icon":"CheckCircle","text":"With 2MB Pages (1TB RAM)","type":"icon","color":"primary","variant":"outline-circle"},"variant":"accent"},"type":"list"}]},"type":"two-column"},{"data":{"content":"**The mathematics are stark:**\n\nReducing page count from 268 million to 524 thousand (a 512x reduction) ripples through every aspect of memory management:\n\n1. **Page table memory**: From 2GB to 4MB—a 500x reduction in kernel memory overhead\n2. **TLB effectiveness**: Each TLB entry now covers 512x more memory\n3. **Page table walks**: Fewer levels in the radix tree, fewer memory accesses per translation\n4. **Cache efficiency**: Page table entries themselves are more likely to be cached\n\nThese aren't marginal improvements—they represent fundamental changes in how effectively the memory system operates."},"type":"text"},{"data":{"fileName":"page_table_overhead.py","languages":[{"code":"$72","label":"Python","value":"python"}],"showLineNumbers":true},"type":"code"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":3},{"id":"architectural-implementation","title":"Architectural Implementation","content":[{"data":{"content":"Huge pages aren't simply \"bigger pages\"—they require specific hardware support and leverage the hierarchical structure of modern page table formats. Understanding this implementation reveals both the power and constraints of huge page technology.\n\n**x86-64 Page Table Hierarchy:**\n\nThe x86-64 architecture uses a four-level page table (five levels with LA57 extension):\n\n- **PML4 (Page Map Level 4)**: 512 entries, each covering 512GB\n- **PDPT (Page Directory Pointer Table)**: 512 entries, each covering 1GB\n- **PD (Page Directory)**: 512 entries, each covering 2MB\n- **PT (Page Table)**: 512 entries, each covering 4KB\n\nHuge pages work by **terminating the walk early**:"},"type":"text"},{"data":{"items":["**4KB Page**: Walk continues through all four levels → PML4 → PDPT → PD → PT → Physical Frame","**2MB Huge Page**: Walk terminates at PD level → PML4 → PDPT → PD (PS bit set) → Physical Frame","**1GB Giant Page**: Walk terminates at PDPT level → PML4 → PDPT (PS bit set) → Physical Frame"],"title":{"icon":"Zap","text":"Page Walk Termination Points","type":"icon","color":"primary","variant":"outline-circle"},"variant":"glass"},"type":"list"},{"data":{"fileName":"page_walk_comparison.c","languages":[{"code":"$73","label":"C","value":"c"}],"showLineNumbers":true},"type":"code"},{"data":{"icon":"AlertCircle","title":"Hardware Requirements","content":"Not all processors support all huge page sizes. 2MB pages require the PSE (Page Size Extension) feature (standard since Pentium Pro). 1GB pages require the PDPE1GB feature (available since Westmere/AMD Barcelona). Check CPU capabilities via /proc/cpuinfo or CPUID instruction before relying on specific page sizes.","variant":"warning"},"type":"callout"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":4},{"id":"alignment-requirements","title":"Memory Alignment Requirements","content":[{"data":{"content":"Huge pages impose strict **alignment constraints** that fundamentally impact how memory must be organized. These requirements derive directly from the page table structure and represent one of the key challenges in huge page adoption.\n\n**The alignment rule:**\n\n*A page of size N must be aligned to an N-byte boundary in physical memory.*\n\nThis means:\n- 4KB pages: Must start at addresses divisible by 4,096\n- 2MB pages: Must start at addresses divisible by 2,097,152\n- 1GB pages: Must start at addresses divisible by 1,073,741,824"},"type":"text"},{"data":{"rows":[["4 KB","4 KB","0x0000, 0x1000, 0x2000, 0x3000, ...","Low 12 bits"],["2 MB","2 MB","0x000000, 0x200000, 0x400000, 0x600000, ...","Low 21 bits"],["1 GB","1 GB","0x00000000, 0x40000000, 0x80000000, ...","Low 30 bits"]],"caption":"Alignment Requirements and Valid Starting Addresses","headers":["Page Size","Alignment","Valid Physical Addresses","Bits Fixed to Zero"]},"type":"table"},{"data":{"content":"**Why alignment matters:**\n\nThe alignment requirement exists because the page table structure reuses address bits. When the PS (Page Size) bit is set in a PD entry for a 2MB page, the hardware interprets the physical address field differently:\n\n- For 4KB pages: Bits 51:12 of the PTE specify the physical frame (40 bits)\n- For 2MB pages: Bits 51:21 of the PDE specify the physical frame (31 bits) — lower bits are part of the offset\n\nIf a 2MB page's physical address had non-zero bits in positions 20:12, those bits would conflict with the address calculation, causing incorrect translations.\n\n**Fragmentation implications:**\n\nThis alignment requirement creates a significant challenge: **physical memory fragmentation**. After a system has been running for a while, finding 2MB of *contiguous, properly aligned* physical memory becomes difficult. Finding 1GB aligned regions is even harder."},"type":"text"},{"data":{"fileName":"check_alignment.c","languages":[{"code":"$74","label":"C","value":"c"}],"showLineNumbers":true},"type":"code"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":5},{"id":"comparison-summary","title":"Comprehensive Comparison","content":[{"data":{"content":"Let's consolidate our understanding with a comprehensive comparison across all dimensions that matter for memory management:"},"type":"text"},{"data":{"rows":[["Size","4,096 bytes","2,097,152 bytes","1,073,741,824 bytes"],["Ratio to 4KB","1×","512×","262,144×"],["Offset bits","12 bits","21 bits","30 bits"],["Page table levels","4 (PML4→PT)","3 (PML4→PD)","2 (PML4→PDPT)"],["TLB entries needed (1TB)","268M","524K","1,024"],["Page table size (1TB)","~2GB","~4MB","~8KB"],["Avg internal fragmentation","2 KB","1 MB","512 MB"],["Allocation flexibility","Excellent","Good","Limited"],["Fragmentation resistance","High","Moderate","Low"],["TLB efficiency","Low","High","Highest"],["Boot-time reservation","Not required","Recommended","Required"],["CPU feature required","None (baseline)","PSE","PDPE1GB"]],"caption":"Complete Standard vs Huge Page Comparison","headers":["Characteristic","4KB Standard","2MB Huge","1GB Giant"]},"type":"table"},{"data":{"items":["**4KB Pages**: Small processes, varied allocation sizes, memory-constrained systems, maximum flexibility","**2MB Pages**: Databases, virtual machines, large memory-mapped files, HPC workloads, server applications","**1GB Pages**: Extreme-scale databases (in-memory DBs), hypervisors with huge VMs, scientific computing with massive datasets"],"title":{"icon":"Lightbulb","text":"When to Use Each Page Size","type":"icon","color":"primary","variant":"outline-circle"},"variant":"accent"},"type":"list"},{"data":{"icon":"Sparkles","title":"The Golden Ratio","content":"2MB pages hit a sweet spot for most workloads—providing 512× better TLB coverage than 4KB pages while still being practical to allocate after system startup. 1GB pages offer even greater benefits but require more careful planning and are best suited for specialized, large-memory applications.","variant":"tip"},"type":"callout"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":6},{"id":"summary","title":"Summary: Standard vs Huge Pages","content":[{"data":{"content":"We've explored the fundamental differences between standard and huge pages. Here are the key insights:"},"type":"text"},{"data":{"type":"ordered","items":["**Page size determines the granularity of memory management** — affecting allocation, protection, and translation at every level","**4KB was optimal for memory-scarce systems** — minimizing internal fragmentation when RAM was expensive","**Modern systems face a page table explosion** — requiring gigabytes just to manage hundreds of gigabytes of RAM with 4KB pages","**Huge pages reduce overhead by orders of magnitude** — from page table size to TLB effectiveness to translation speed","**Alignment requirements create challenges** — requiring contiguous, aligned physical memory that becomes scarce over time","**Hardware support varies by architecture** — always verify CPU capabilities before relying on specific page sizes"],"title":{"icon":"CheckCircle","text":"Key Takeaways","type":"icon","color":"primary","variant":"outline-circle"},"variant":"accent"},"type":"list"},{"data":{"content":"**What's next:**\n\nNow that we understand the fundamental differences between page sizes, we'll dive deeper into the specific mechanism that makes huge pages so valuable: **TLB efficiency**. The next page explores how the Translation Lookaside Buffer works, why TLB misses are so expensive, and how huge pages dramatically improve hit rates."},"type":"text"},{"data":{"icon":"CheckCircle","title":"Page Complete","content":"You now understand the architectural foundations of page sizes, the historical context of 4KB pages, and why modern systems need huge pages. Next, we'll explore the TLB and see exactly how huge pages deliver their performance benefits.","variant":"success"},"type":"callout"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":7}],"isLocked":false},{"id":"seed_887467ffff3f831a3aa8ba2ba91f46a9","title":"TLB Efficiency","order":1,"content":null,"isLocked":true},{"id":"seed_00c6997d615b02dfe9bf5f0514005ec2","title":"Huge Page Allocation","order":2,"content":null,"isLocked":true},{"id":"seed_40c8c1fc2d65542b733ca4e1ec00c5d6","title":"Transparent Huge Pages","order":3,"content":null,"isLocked":true},{"id":"seed_4269336e5a83568782f1c9d04c3de8ca","title":"When to Use Huge Pages","order":4,"content":null,"isLocked":true}]}},"dataUpdateCount":1,"dataUpdatedAt":1792282199622,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"success","fetchStatus":"idle"},"queryKey":[["learningContent","getModule"],{"input":{"slug":"huge-pages"},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"learningContent\",\"getModule\"],{\"input\":{\"slug\":\"huge-pages\"},\"type\":\"query\"}]"},{"dehydratedAt":1792282199659,"state":{"data":{"json":null},"dataUpdateCount":1,"dataUpdatedAt":1792282199622,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"success","fetchStatus":"idle"},"queryKey":[["learningContent","getProgress"],{"input":{"moduleId":"seed_32065ada3f1107740c5bfd2f24a1b360"},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"learningContent\",\"getProgress\"],{\"input\":{\"moduleId\":\"seed_32065ada3f1107740c5bfd2f24a1b360\"},\"type\":\"query\"}]"},{"dehydratedAt":1792282199659,"state":{"data":{"json":null},"dataUpdateCount":1,"dataUpdatedAt":1792282199622,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"success","fetchStatus":"idle"},"queryKey":[["feedback","get"],{"input":{"contentType":"LEARNING_PAGE","contentId":"seed_887467ffff3f831a3aa8ba2ba91f46a9"},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"feedback\",\"get\"],{\"input\":{\"contentId\":\"seed_887467ffff3f831a3aa8ba2ba91f46a9\",\"contentType\":\"LEARNING_PAGE\"},\"type\":\"query\"}]"},{"dehydratedAt":1792282199659,"state":{"data":{"json":null},"dataUpdateCount":1,"dataUpdatedAt":1792282199622,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"success","fetchStatus":"idle"},"queryKey":[["feedback","getUserLike"],{"input":{"contentType":"LEARNING_PAGE","contentId":"seed_887467ffff3f831a3aa8ba2ba91f46a9"},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"feedback\",\"getUserLike\"],{\"input\":{\"contentId\":\"seed_887467ffff3f831a3aa8ba2ba91f46a9\",\"contentType\":\"LEARNING_PAGE\"},\"type\":\"query\"}]"},{"dehydratedAt":1792282199659,"state":{"data":{"json":[]},"dataUpdateCount":1,"dataUpdatedAt":1792282199622,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"success","fetchStatus":"idle"},"queryKey":[["highlights","getHighlights"],{"input":{"contentType":"LEARNING_PAGE","contentId":"seed_887467ffff3f831a3aa8ba2ba91f46a9"},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"highlights\",\"getHighlights\"],{\"input\":{\"contentId\":\"seed_887467ffff3f831a3aa8ba2ba91f46a9\",\"contentType\":\"LEARNING_PAGE\"},\"type\":\"query\"}]"},{"dehydratedAt":1792282199659,"state":{"data":"$undefined","dataUpdateCount":0,"dataUpdatedAt":0,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"pending","fetchStatus":"fetching"},"queryKey":[["highlights","getPopularHighlights"],{"input":{"contentType":"LEARNING_PAGE","contentId":"seed_887467ffff3f831a3aa8ba2ba91f46a9","minCount":2},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"highlights\",\"getPopularHighlights\"],{\"input\":{\"contentId\":\"seed_887467ffff3f831a3aa8ba2ba91f46a9\",\"contentType\":\"LEARNING_PAGE\",\"minCount\":2},\"type\":\"query\"}]","promise":"$@75"}]},"children":"$L76"}]