47:"/_next/static/chunks/2g8w-80ml0qgh.js" 48:"/_next/static/chunks/0iv56yrji_20j.js" 49:"/_next/static/chunks/26v-2o8eqscfn.js" 4a:"/_next/static/chunks/0lc44eilyyvky.js" 4b:"/_next/static/chunks/1jl6tco-uuy-j.js" 4c:"/_next/static/chunks/1ot1rbfa0d_n4.js" 4d:"/_next/static/chunks/3n7h0f3nk8y8p.js" 4e:"/_next/static/chunks/3k2gyg36fnag_.js" 4f:"/_next/static/chunks/3m0r7x0jt5wm7.js" 50:"/_next/static/chunks/2fohwszm1xz1m.js" 51:"/_next/static/chunks/3bgoyiso1rhn7.js" 52:"/_next/static/chunks/19bc9syhv3w28.js" 53:"/_next/static/chunks/0wa9m1-tphf9u.js" 54:"/_next/static/chunks/0m2d8jznc9t02.js" 55:"/_next/static/chunks/1xu72k8i0p_ma.js" 56:"/_next/static/chunks/2a1rt036gjwtj.js" 57:"/_next/static/chunks/1s05-oinjbm85.js" 58:"/_next/static/chunks/20k3408cq3fwt.js" 59:"/_next/static/chunks/1_lo_qve3gu86.js" 5a:"/_next/static/chunks/3di53f0fz7pw_.js" 5b:"/_next/static/chunks/3m1xjj5kw5fie.js" 5c:"/_next/static/chunks/0so1i35v7xcta.js" 5d:"/_next/static/chunks/082jo-0ajazgr.js" 5e:"/_next/static/chunks/0-a64pg0hn7g7.js" 5f:"/_next/static/chunks/09nq57stwzkgf.js" 60:"/_next/static/chunks/20329i6m_04t6.js" 61:"/_next/static/chunks/0i3-eynrkvqi7.js" 62:"/_next/static/chunks/0oag6lffx7d01.js" 63:"/_next/static/chunks/1nyz-fz1mk3y6.js" 64:"/_next/static/chunks/1dl4k5870muic.js" 65:"/_next/static/chunks/2ozcrjb_hh74t.js" 66:"/_next/static/chunks/18ggtgz2yf759.js" 67:"/_next/static/chunks/1tn-0fivsxsv1.js" 68:"/_next/static/chunks/0hlb44ca7-4a2.js" 69:"/_next/static/chunks/1ch_-e7_eco00.js" 6a:"/_next/static/chunks/40mq7ggq-ozo4.js" 6b:"/_next/static/chunks/2112y_x317i7a.js" 6c:"/_next/static/chunks/2k8pepwc4pxns.js" 6d:"/_next/static/chunks/2hr13i-t0krnb.js" 6e:"/_next/static/chunks/0hy4a31wjpabs.js" 6f:"/_next/static/chunks/2mw79vtbi206x.js" 70:"/_next/static/chunks/253gnmj0-cj17.js" 71:I[593304,["$2d","$2e","$2f","$30","$31","$32","$47","$48","$49","$4a","$4b","$4c","$4d","$4e","$4f","$50","$51","$52","$53","$54","$55","$56","$57","$58","$59","$5a","$5b","$5c","$5d","$5e","$5f","$60","$61","$62","$63","$64","$65","$66","$67","$68","$69","$6a","$6b","$6c","$6d","$6e","$6f","$70"],"OwnedHydration"] 72:T463,Context switches don't happen randomly. They occur in response to specific, well-defined events. These events can be organized into two fundamental categories based on whether the running process initiates the switch willingly: **Voluntary (Cooperative) Context Switches** - The running process explicitly relinquishes the CPU - Occurs when a process cannot proceed (waiting for I/O, sleeping, waiting for a lock) - The process *chooses* to give up control, even if indirectly through a system call - Also called "cooperative" because the process cooperates with the scheduler **Involuntary (Preemptive) Context Switches** - The kernel forcibly removes the CPU from the running process - Occurs due to time slice expiration, higher-priority process becoming ready, or interrupt handling - The process has no choice—it is *preempted* - Essential for ensuring fairness and preventing any single process from monopolizing the CPU This distinction is profound: it determines whether a process was cooperative in surrendering the CPU or whether the system had to intervene. Let's examine each category in exhaustive detail.73:T50e,The most fundamental trigger for involuntary context switches is the **timer interrupt**—a periodic hardware signal that forces the kernel to regain control from user-space processes. This mechanism is the foundation of preemptive multitasking. **How Timer Interrupts Work:** 1. **Hardware Timer Configuration**: During boot, the kernel programs a hardware timer (historically the Programmable Interval Timer or PIT; now typically the Local APIC Timer in modern x86 systems) to generate interrupts at a fixed frequency. 2. **Interrupt Generation**: At each tick, the timer hardware sends an interrupt signal to the CPU. This is an asynchronous, hardware-level event that cannot be ignored by user-space code. 3. **Kernel Invocation**: The CPU immediately stops executing the current instruction stream, saves minimal state to the stack, and jumps to the timer interrupt handler (via the Interrupt Descriptor Table on x86). 4. **Scheduler Invocation**: The timer interrupt handler updates system timekeeping, decrements the current process's remaining time slice, and checks whether preemption should occur. 5. **Context Switch Decision**: If the current process has exhausted its time slice, or if a higher-priority process has become runnable, the scheduler initiates a context switch.74:T658,/** * Simplified timer interrupt handler (Linux style) * * This handler is invoked HZ times per second (typically 100-1000). * It handles timekeeping, process accounting, and preemption. */ void timer_interrupt_handler(struct pt_regs *regs) { /* Update system time */ jiffies++; /* Global kernel tick counter */ update_wall_time(); /* Get current task */ struct task_struct *current = get_current(); /* Account CPU time to the current process */ account_process_tick(current, user_mode(regs)); /* Decrement time slice for the current process */ if (current->time_slice > 0) { current->time_slice--; } /* Check if preemption is needed */ if (current->time_slice == 0) { /* Time quantum exhausted - mark for reschedule */ set_tsk_need_resched(current); } /* Also check for higher priority processes */ if (higher_priority_task_runnable()) { set_tsk_need_resched(current); } /* Process timers (scheduled delayed work) */ run_local_timers(); /* Profile tick for performance monitoring */ profile_tick(CPU_PROFILING); } /** * The actual context switch happens later, when returning * from the interrupt handler. The kernel checks the * TIF_NEED_RESCHED flag and calls schedule() if set. */ void return_from_interrupt(struct pt_regs *regs) { if (user_mode(regs)) { /* Returning to user space - check for pending work */ if (test_thread_flag(TIF_NEED_RESCHED)) { schedule(); /* This performs the actual context switch */ } } }75:T41b,Many context switches occur when a process voluntarily yields the CPU by making a **system call** that cannot complete immediately. This is the most common trigger in I/O-intensive workloads. **The System Call Pathway to Context Switch:** 1. **User Process Issues System Call**: The process executes a blocking operation (e.g., `read()` from a socket with no data available) 2. **Transition to Kernel Mode**: The CPU traps into kernel mode via `syscall` instruction (x86-64) or `int 0x80` (legacy x86) 3. **Kernel Determines Blocking is Required**: The kernel evaluates the request and determines the process cannot proceed yet 4. **Process State Change**: The process is moved from Running to Waiting/Blocked state 5. **Process Added to Wait Queue**: The process is placed on a wait queue associated with the resource (e.g., socket receive queue) 6. **Scheduler Invoked**: The kernel calls `schedule()` to select the next process to run 7. **Context Switch Executes**: The current process's state is saved; another process's state is restored76:T450,/** * Example: How a blocking read() causes a context switch * * This demonstrates the voluntary context switch pathway. */ #include #include #include int main() { int fd = open("/dev/tty", O_RDONLY); char buffer[256]; /* * This read() call may block: * * 1. User calls read() - enters kernel via syscall * 2. Kernel checks: is there data in the tty input buffer? * 3. If NO data available: * a. Set current process state to TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE * b. Add process to tty wait queue * c. Call schedule() to switch to another process * d. (Current process now sleeps) * 4. Later, when data arrives: * a. tty driver interrupt handler runs * b. Data is placed in buffer * c. Waiting process is woken (moved to Ready state) * 5. Eventually scheduler picks this process again * 6. read() copies data to user buffer and returns */ ssize_t bytes = read(fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer)); printf("Read %zd bytes ", bytes); close(fd); return 0; }77:T499,Beyond timer interrupts, many hardware events can indirectly trigger context switches by making sleeping processes runnable. When a device interrupt arrives, it may wake up a process that was waiting for that device, potentially leading to preemption. **The Interrupt-to-Context-Switch Pipeline:** 1. **Hardware Event Occurs**: A hardware device (NIC, disk controller, keyboard) asserts an interrupt line 2. **CPU Responds**: The CPU suspends current execution and vectors to the appropriate interrupt handler 3. **Top-Half Handler Runs**: The interrupt handler performs minimal, time-critical work (e.g., acknowledging the device, reading data into a buffer) 4. **Wake Sleeping Processes**: If a process was waiting for this event, the handler calls `wake_up()` to move it from Waiting to Ready state 5. **Bottom-Half Scheduling**: Deferred work is scheduled (softirqs, tasklets, work queues) 6. **Return from Interrupt**: Before returning to the interrupted process, the kernel checks if the woken process has higher priority 7. **Potential Preemption**: If a higher-priority process is now runnable, the kernel sets the need-resched flag, leading to a context switch78:T89e,/** * Example: How a device interrupt wakes a sleeping process * * This is a simplified version of how network drivers wake * processes waiting on socket receive operations. */ /* Wait queue for processes waiting on this device */ DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(device_wait_queue); volatile int data_ready = 0; /** * Device interrupt handler (Top Half) * Called when hardware asserts interrupt */ irqreturn_t device_interrupt_handler(int irq, void *dev_id) { /* Acknowledge interrupt to hardware */ write_register(DEVICE_ACK, 1); /* Read data from device into kernel buffer */ int bytes = read_from_device(kernel_buffer, BUFFER_SIZE); if (bytes > 0) { /* Mark data as ready */ data_ready = 1; /* * Wake up any processes sleeping on this wait queue. * * wake_up_interruptible() does the following: * 1. Traverse the wait queue * 2. For each waiting task: * a. Change state from TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE to TASK_RUNNING * b. Add task to the run queue * c. If task has higher priority than current, set TIF_NEED_RESCHED */ wake_up_interruptible(&device_wait_queue); } return IRQ_HANDLED; } /** * User-facing read function (called from read() syscall handler) */ ssize_t device_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos) { /* * wait_event_interruptible() does the following: * 1. Check condition (data_ready) * 2. If false: * a. Add current task to wait queue * b. Set state to TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE * c. Call schedule() -> CONTEXT SWITCH OUT * d. (Later, when woken, continues from here) * e. Remove self from wait queue * f. Check condition again (loop back if still false) * 3. If true: proceed without blocking */ if (wait_event_interruptible(device_wait_queue, data_ready)) { return -ERESTARTSYS; /* Interrupted by signal */ } /* Copy data to userspace */ if (copy_to_user(buf, kernel_buffer, count)) { return -EFAULT; } data_ready = 0; return count; }79:T5f9,/** * Simplified priority preemption check (Linux CFS style) * * This logic runs when a new task becomes runnable. */ /** * Called when a task is woken up or becomes runnable */ void check_preempt_curr(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int flags) { struct task_struct *current_task = rq->curr; /* * Real-time tasks always preempt normal tasks. * This ensures RT tasks get immediate CPU access. */ if (rt_task(p) && !rt_task(current_task)) { resched_curr(rq); /* Mark current for preemption */ return; } /* * For CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler): * Compare virtual runtimes. A task with less virtual runtime * has had "less than its fair share" and should preempt. */ if (cfs_task(p) && cfs_task(current_task)) { if (p->vruntime + wakeup_preempt_threshold < current_task->vruntime) { /* New task is "more deserving" - preempt current */ resched_curr(rq); } } /* * Note: resched_curr() sets TIF_NEED_RESCHED flag. * The actual context switch happens later, at a safe point. */ } /** * resched_curr() - Mark the current task for rescheduling */ void resched_curr(struct rq *rq) { struct task_struct *curr = rq->curr; /* Set the need-resched flag in the task's thread_info */ set_tsk_need_resched(curr); /* On SMP systems, send an IPI if task is on another CPU */ if (rq != this_rq()) { smp_send_reschedule(cpu_of(rq)); } }7a:T65b,/** * Example: Signal interrupting a blocking system call * * This demonstrates how signals trigger context switches * and interrupt blocking operations. */ #include #include #include #include volatile sig_atomic_t got_signal = 0; void signal_handler(int signo) { got_signal = 1; /* Handler runs in the context of the process that * was interrupted - after it was woken and scheduled */ } int main() { /* Set up signal handler for SIGUSR1 */ struct sigaction sa = { .sa_handler = signal_handler, .sa_flags = 0 /* No SA_RESTART - syscall returns EINTR */ }; sigaction(SIGUSR1, &sa, NULL); printf("PID: %d - sleeping... ", getpid()); /* * sleep() puts the process in TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE state. * * If SIGUSR1 is sent to this process: * 1. Kernel checks signal pending mask * 2. Process is moved from Waiting to Ready (context switch IN) * 3. sleep() detects signal pending * 4. Before returning to userspace, kernel invokes signal handler * 5. sleep() returns early with remaining time (or EINTR if nanosleep) */ unsigned int remaining = sleep(3600); /* Request 1 hour sleep */ if (got_signal) { printf("Woken by signal! Slept for %u seconds ", 3600 - remaining); } return 0; } /* * To test: In another terminal, run: * kill -SIGUSR1 * * The sleeping process will wake immediately: * - Context switch from whatever was running to this process * - Signal handler executes * - sleep() returns early */7b:T45b,Although rare in modern programming, a process can explicitly request rescheduling via the `sched_yield()` system call. This is a pure voluntary context switch—the process isn't waiting for anything, but chooses to let other processes run. **When Explicit Yield Is Used:** 1. **Spin-Waiting Optimization**: A process spinning on a condition may yield periodically to avoid wasting CPU 2. **Cooperative Multitasking**: In user-level threading libraries, threads may yield to allow other threads to run 3. **Priority Donation (Informal)**: A low-priority process might yield to let a high-priority process it depends on run 4. **Benchmarking**: Force-yield to test scheduler behavior **Why Explicit Yields Are Generally Discouraged:** In modern preemptive kernels, explicit yields are rarely necessary and often counterproductive: - The scheduler already ensures fairness through preemption - Yields can cause priority inversion if not used carefully - They add overhead without guaranteeing a specific process will run next - Proper blocking (on mutex, condition variable, or I/O) is almost always preferred7c:T67b,/** * Example: Using sched_yield() for spin-wait optimization * * This pattern is used when you must poll but want to be * courteous to other processes. Modern locks (like futex) * are typically preferred. */ #include #include atomic_int shared_flag = 0; void wait_for_flag(void) { int spin_count = 0; while (atomic_load(&shared_flag) == 0) { spin_count++; /* * After spinning a few times, yield to let other * processes run. This prevents this process from * consuming 100% CPU while waiting. * * sched_yield() causes: * 1. Immediate transition from Running to Ready * 2. Scheduler selects next process * 3. Context switch to that process * 4. This process re-enters the run queue * * Note: No guarantee about WHICH process runs next * or WHEN this process will be scheduled again. */ if (spin_count > 100) { sched_yield(); spin_count = 0; } /* Optional: CPU relax instruction for hyperthreading */ __asm__ __volatile__("pause"); } } void set_flag(void) { atomic_store(&shared_flag, 1); } /* * Better alternative: Use proper synchronization primitives * * pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER; * pthread_cond_t cond = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER; * * void wait_for_flag_better(void) { * pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex); * while (shared_flag == 0) { * pthread_cond_wait(&cond, &mutex); // Proper blocking * } * pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex); * } */46:["$","$L71",null,{"owner":"anonymous","state":{"mutations":[],"queries":[{"dehydratedAt":1792306354661,"state":{"data":{"json":{"archivedAt":null,"id":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","slug":"operating-systems","title":"Operating Systems","description":"Master Operating Systems from fundamentals to advanced concepts. This comprehensive path covers processes, threads, memory management, file systems, I/O, virtualization, and distributed systems with 47 chapters and 1201+ pages.","image":null,"color":"#EF4444","keyTopics":["Process Management","Thread Synchronization","Memory Management","Virtual Memory","File Systems","I/O Systems","Virtualization","Distributed Systems"],"estimatedHours":196.8,"problemCount":0,"visualizerCount":0,"quizCount":0,"learningCount":236,"difficulty":"INTERMEDIATE","idealFor":["Computer Science students","Systems programmers","Backend engineers","Anyone preparing for systems interviews"],"prerequisites":["Basic programming (C preferred)","Understanding of computer architecture","Basic data structures knowledge"],"skillsGained":["Process and thread management","Synchronization primitives","Memory management techniques","File system design","System call implementation","Performance optimization"],"outcomes":["Understand OS internals deeply","Debug systems-level issues","Design concurrent programs","Optimize system performance","Prepare for systems interviews","Build OS components"],"overview":"This comprehensive learning path takes you from OS fundamentals to advanced systems concepts, preparing you for systems programming and interviews.\n\n**What you'll learn:**\n• OS History and Evolution\n• Process management and scheduling\n• Thread synchronization and concurrency\n• Memory management and virtual memory\n• File systems and storage\n• I/O systems and device drivers\n• Virtualization and containers\n• Distributed systems concepts\n• Security and protection\n• Modern OS topics\n\nEach topic includes detailed explanations with practical examples.","createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.111Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:34.121Z","modules":[{"id":"seed_0989bba9c801e30c2f8d8fbcccc160fb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"What Is an Operating System?","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"what-is-an-operating-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_b0818c91ff08af47baa34eb62858f66c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"History of Operating Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"history-of-operating-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_2ccef563a867bb7804728aac2ec8898b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Types of Operating Systems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"types-of-operating-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_837ca9e393dfaed490f4c2ab1d0c7b9b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Operating System Services","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"operating-system-services","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_e450fe77a88991a07a3d5c98dbc9e1c9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Operating System Structure","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"operating-system-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_bfc441947857a25112da5292201b9944","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Design Goals and Tradeoffs in Operating Systems","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"design-goals-and-tradeoffs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_86da1ea83ce7927e2a15080b95fef560","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"von Neumann Architecture","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"von-neumann-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_468b82c6119325a617edc0f311cbe3f3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"CPU Execution Modes","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cpu-execution-modes","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_45eef80b7025070c0c4404de5a533b71","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"Memory Hierarchy: From Registers to Disk","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-hierarchy","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_980787327dac546179c8d7ab893f8e4d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"Interrupts and Exceptions","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"interrupts-and-exceptions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_f6e1083fa8c58d5bd8c75a27d235251e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"I/O Architecture: How the CPU Communicates with the World","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_d0557b0f349b5f70f81e2748910e3005","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"Cache Coherence and Memory Consistency","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cache-coherence","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z"},{"id":"seed_a81fd6898d35ccf59a1cbaaca8e8a659","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Monolithic Kernels: The Traditional OS Architecture","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"monolithic-kernels","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2e766749fc8e4bec70ebefe52f4f3e43","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Microkernel Architecture","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"microkernel-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e072f947c9ab98b98e7e0762b2084ce6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Hybrid Kernels","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hybrid-kernels","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ecc734779008ee009eb0a4ffbc502498","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Loadable Kernel Modules","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"loadable-kernel-modules","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9d115c9f3ae3b4f29f09606f3eff588f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Boot Process","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"boot-process","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_82148746a8bc2509227f2483fa9e58cd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Virtual Machines","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtual-machines","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b7f231e822013edf953a1f54b39cdd64","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"System Call Mechanism","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"system-call-mechanism","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1f5af05d88b718fb8bad812f1c507b13","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"System Call Types","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"system-call-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_0ff105e065cd1375b969a854613682f1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"POSIX Interface: The Portable Operating System Standard","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"posix-interface","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_80f17dc5d70a0bae02aa38ac830d5dae","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"Windows API","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"windows-api","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4b4dbf12032d712927f668a6e1fc3d0b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"Library Functions vs System Calls","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"library-functions-vs-system-calls","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9021890711dd458837c4f54fbd4973c5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls Api","sectionOrder":5,"title":"System Call Implementation","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"system-call-implementation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_077f486143700610ae3fc15ec7dca0d2","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process Definition","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-definition","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d60354496ce5346a5f33ab1e9b4b67ba","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process Control Block (PCB)","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-control-block","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_932edb67e048a2aa3949ccad1c000032","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process States","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-states","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8b6f755f9699c9ea81bb12f165930890","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process State Transitions","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"state-transitions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4edfc277c91ec64c1fe2524c3a10dff7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process Queues: Managing System Resources","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-queues","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_c548e97a99451cf65520d1c3ca157603","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Context Switching: The Heart of Multitasking","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"context-switching","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d3b0ef17f2731b131288d4e78876410b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"Process Creation","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-creation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_188e252485047268d55ce1e8d6010d59","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"The fork() System Call","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fork-system-call","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_67342be312dd695308c4d12f84ebfbc3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"The exec() Family of System Calls","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"exec-family","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_57250ecb2cb222d18431a0df69ea7d38","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"Process Termination","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-termination","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_07a7906e50bf512fc33e1f702cd10a6d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"Orphans and Zombies: Handling Parent-Child Process Anomalies","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"orphans-and-zombies","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4d33225e45483b73ca9b58a507cf087b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation Termination","sectionOrder":8,"title":"wait() and waitpid() System Calls","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"wait-and-waitpid","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_20a9c35106e25d5006789fb949a26a78","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"IPC Overview","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ipc-overview","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_6938a68a7cc9e78c966d4b5a5e3dfda8","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Pipes – Fundamental IPC Mechanism","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"pipes","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2c83fc712179dd03bf000225ec6e304b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Named Pipes (FIFOs): Persistent Inter-Process Communication","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"named-pipes-fifos","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b8be570290835678ecc04f0652594858","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Message Queues","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-message-queues","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b37f87427b64dbe1b3606c3b7d5253a9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Shared Memory: The Fastest IPC Mechanism","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"shared-memory","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8a100b935bf7f5cba81a227fd2bb1cf4","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Signals: Software Interrupts for Process Communication","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"signals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_42c2a0ddd8fc2bf250e986feb527df3b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Scheduling Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"scheduling-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_87bec7889b7fec9ebcc318cdbd6a0559","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"First-Come, First-Served (FCFS)","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"first-come-first-served","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_87b81c518aed7bd3cdb4482412c43e90","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Shortest Job First (SJF) & SRTF","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"sjf-and-srtf","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_aa42e026909c36d09b71b4e929d0f830","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"LRTF & HRRN Scheduling Algorithms","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"lrtf-and-hrrn","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2cf39c51ad3b333119373b476d1a7a2d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Priority Scheduling","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"priority-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a654fb84db3346da0c6d9bc83d4d5d58","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Round Robin & Multi-Level Queue Scheduling","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"round-robin-and-multi-level-queue","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_84d9ae211ca63350c5015c92962347ce","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Thread Fundamentals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-fundamentals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e8de0944542297d2927e25437ca5ff5c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"User-Level Threads","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"user-level-threads","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d65203d8191335be6756f1fc3662f58a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Kernel-Level Threads","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"kernel-level-threads","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1147b92814dd4a879d191ad966fa2628","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Threading Models: Mapping User and Kernel Threads","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"threading-models","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_45942b7628dcb2c31cbc02a7ebf6953d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Thread Libraries","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-libraries","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a75092c3cf00c5ca285943bbca9958f3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Thread Issues","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-issues","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_7712ba1c01e9ee5fabc424b5c4723c99","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Concurrency Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"concurrency-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_fd5bc15b164eadabd248b2006512dbaf","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Fork-Join Model","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fork-join-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2a7bf29b720b17371ef92b924755cc80","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"The parbegin-parend Model: Structured Concurrent Execution","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"parbegin-parend-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1cee940d03b7febd2b73411f06a914fb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Thread Pools","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-pools","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_bfd74c13ce11b9491b087cf01dd8a168","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Asynchronous Programming","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"asynchronous-programming","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_513e0e1ded7d6283caae3de9b896a46b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Common Concurrency Patterns","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"common-concurrency-patterns","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ec50e85045d715685069205035d72720","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Multi-Processor Scheduling","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"multi-processor-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_3f2fc1678dd6a01fde9a807692bba569","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Load Balancing in Multiprocessor Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-load-balancing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a550b0a396ce7fabcfdd5d852d88708c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Processor Affinity","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"processor-affinity","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_dc62ac0fcc6707daf18963371012f01e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Real-Time Scheduling","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-cpu-scheduling-advanced-real-time-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9a7a209c38cbdf505869ca78f3755493","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Linux Scheduling","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ede70642db3e09cef4cf709ccff54f65","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Windows Scheduling","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"windows-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_538a852460c650c526ab0c98cc6a39ab","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Race Conditions","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"race-conditions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b0391dad5390b2a5509d154284068c68","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"The Critical Section Problem","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"critical-section-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a2845ec49a964316d45468e706ca0ae0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Requirements for Solutions to the Critical Section Problem","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"requirements-for-solutions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_292c003373582ceb8518dc40d3d98e5a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Peterson's Solution","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"petersons-solution","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_734ef1c685c8634b040ec1d685812236","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Dekker's Algorithm","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"dekkers-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_298e344dcd38b3be39e486afc23ba4ed","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Disabling Interrupts for Mutual Exclusion","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"disabling-interrupts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1eddf95478ac90ee67e75d9a0dc7bcfb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks And Hardware Support","sectionOrder":15,"title":"Sleep and Wakeup Mechanisms","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"sleep-and-wakeup","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_bdfe65adf78f9dc9ded3bde19c222b3a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Spinlocks","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"spinlocks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a5b9d700782c503cdfe833d9ebfa65f2","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Test-and-Set Lock (TSL): Hardware-Assisted Synchronization","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"test-and-set-lock","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4513483c67b0a39b1fb722040508bc07","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Compare-and-Swap: Foundation of Lock-Free Concurrency","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"compare-and-swap","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_6f9347e8c8a4b551eb419c0f615eeb09","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Mutex Locks: Mutual Exclusion Primitives","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"mutex-locks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a18feea107e575395b7aeb854a4b90bc","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Futex: Fast Userspace Mutex","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"futex","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_0879fd294f8492fe9130f0cb34d4494b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores And Classic Problems","sectionOrder":17,"title":"Semaphore Implementation","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"semaphore-implementation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_6a3691fb18a17667a8883296b7df6a41","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores And Classic Problems","sectionOrder":17,"title":"The Dining Philosophers Problem","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"dining-philosophers-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_095741f1b4c7f4efa518c717b9806687","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores And Classic Problems","sectionOrder":17,"title":"Other Classic Synchronization Problems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"other-classic-problems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_81039f64343301d7139508dcd36f3c33","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores Classic Problems","sectionOrder":18,"title":"Semaphore Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"semaphore-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_0a9e6ddf86fa8ec2dffdf17d2b9bdbf9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores Classic Problems","sectionOrder":18,"title":"The Producer-Consumer Problem","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"producer-consumer-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_da67f7f18123f7ebbe89efec6e979798","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores Classic Problems","sectionOrder":18,"title":"Readers-Writers Problem","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"readers-writers-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8ef0f7a09ed19f4d09fa071bd04edd39","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors And Condition Variables","sectionOrder":19,"title":"Monitor Concept","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"monitor-concept","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b378ecef8b5fb49e43e4397d2bf40f02","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors And Condition Variables","sectionOrder":19,"title":"Signal Semantics in Condition Variables","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"signal-semantics","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_7092734f4ee8ea0c9984e22c09d261a0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors And Condition Variables","sectionOrder":19,"title":"Broadcast: Waking Multiple Waiting Threads","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"broadcast","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_db6eb17a2e348139dd6e783594e74073","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors Condition Variables","sectionOrder":20,"title":"Condition Variables: Synchronization for Complex Coordination","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"condition-variables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_697b459f7503e5c6c1785005deecb424","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors Condition Variables","sectionOrder":20,"title":"Pthread Condition Variables","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"pthread-condition-variables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b7edafb17356d821c60c3370cf2579e7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors Condition Variables","sectionOrder":20,"title":"Monitor-Based Solutions","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"monitor-based-solutions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a51245be2f1a65549356f824272ebc67","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Understanding Deadlock Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"deadlock-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4334a5a41629eba66ae678384f7a3198","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Necessary Conditions for Deadlock","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"necessary-conditions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_eba514d553d708252753631b90d328cf","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Resource Allocation Graph","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"resource-allocation-graph","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_bb7f0a87d10c83a2d2af64a1f01103fc","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Deadlock Prevention Strategies","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"deadlock-prevention","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_736704f63cb8208d80c74ea8167d560a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Banker's Algorithm: Deadlock Avoidance","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"bankers-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ce49823af1ff69c3e6c04e24df43a55e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Deadlock Detection and Recovery","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"detection-and-recovery","description":null,"estimatedMins":60,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1359692a0cd69411d8512612b6e774c1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Memory Management Goals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-management-goals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_675f925abcc1f6bb1164f9a18fc17887","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Address Binding: From Source to Execution","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"address-binding","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_41f2ed027a756b7a34b1ee22d832f5f0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Understanding Logical vs Physical Addresses","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"logical-vs-physical-addresses","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d3b080d578a2e4bcb2b240767bc2e833","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Linkers and Loaders","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linkers-and-loaders","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_27a52b5c729f9c878badfdbf7dcc7211","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Swapping","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"swapping","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_cb5a855d17df9d9fccf5a1ba85c07b2b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Overlays","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"overlays","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a1f928a457011df2c378cddab161a114","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Contiguous Memory Allocation Fundamentals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"contiguous-allocation-concept","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_81f9769996020bf3795c83493b0eab2f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Fixed Partitioning: Static Memory Division","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fixed-partitioning","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e4474bca96bd36e0763125f758e465d3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Variable Partitioning","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"variable-partitioning","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2abcdef14133b361fc8bc438caf85066","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Memory Allocation Strategies","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-contiguous-allocation-allocation-strategies","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_efac1ff2d107f726e496d816d5ad8230","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Memory Fragmentation: Internal and External","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-memory-fragmentation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_708b1569a3837117c1f3abefc7ec8cd7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Compaction and Buddy System","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"compaction-and-buddy-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_7ec2df224624b43b377d8568aa4e7438","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Paging Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"paging-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e6814eb8e4db13fd97cc5d2004ced057","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Page Tables","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"page-tables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9310e6e155aa02f9d5e95fc58087cbd9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Paging Address Translation Mechanisms","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"paging-address-translation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_5f3c7ed52b32aba9548a8057002274e4","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB)","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"translation-lookaside-buffer","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_5bb9082c057bdb717b525fff885ee456","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Multi-Level Paging","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"multi-level-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_7f589afea1b45ccdc3408081b0f2151d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Hash-based and Inverted Page Tables","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hash-based-and-inverted-page-tables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_48d8b374c98648d28c552478caa5aba1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_49db44f086c862a4244afe70a9ab3d61","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segment Table","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segment-table","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e8ac3489b567b6c68e50ade467c44586","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation Address Translation","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-address-translation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_3319256c906738d99ab40424ce0cd7d1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation vs Paging: A Comprehensive Comparison","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-vs-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_3e144f44f2889dbe917af33c51a204e3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation with Paging","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-with-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_981dce20fa6c9cb3c0f806f660d1fcce","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Intel x86 Memory Model","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"intel-x86-memory-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2d1300fa47e559dae9b232e2a9d52fb9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Virtual Memory Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtual-memory-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_74dfd56fb6d52454938e8bd47118c558","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Demand Paging","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"demand-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_7d01ec09ff472f39b2e81a2bcb935c7d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Page Fault Handling: The Critical Path to Virtual Memory","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"page-fault-handling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b5fcc90890051f0b2b9f9bdc1b30ed87","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Copy-on-Write","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"copy-on-write","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ffee6b7a320b7433e2f39111d0a92637","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Memory-Mapped Files","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-mapped-files","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_7f60e57f035bc73c6047e0883cb42fe5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Shared Memory via Virtual Memory","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"shared-memory-via-virtual-memory","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_bea5b47cc116ab03f9991178b3631bcd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"Page Replacement Need","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"page-replacement-need","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e370c66076609b9b9e6c4656f86a2f88","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"FIFO Page Replacement Algorithm","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fifo-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_59f34d9e468d539410235ab2afa72563","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"The Optimal (OPT/MIN) Page Replacement Algorithm","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"optimal-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_58e611be25d9eaad2e46da56fe86411e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"LRU (Least Recently Used) Page Replacement","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"lru-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_3b141aef6fe98ed68f6e61631da31d6b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"LRU Approximation Algorithms","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"lru-approximations","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1775094b82e4081250b3a008f71b281c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"Working Set Model and Page Fault Frequency","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"working-set-and-pff","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e6326cc42a26f3cf6a90c1e641fe7ebe","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Frame Allocation Problem","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"frame-allocation-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_68b9eb39e23ceafe1477edf4b7e5783a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Thrashing: The Performance Catastrophe","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thrashing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_92ee21095ae279cb17c1bdeb30f3a3ae","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Working Set Model","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"working-set-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_fd43da53d4496fbef64f128868f95db6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Thrashing Solutions: Restoring System Stability","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thrashing-solutions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1db12b50e5b04520e372819500de72b7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation Thrashing","sectionOrder":29,"title":"Global vs Local Replacement","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"global-vs-local-replacement","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_5b294a7d9d9e56ba15690d2b6f891a99","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Linux Memory Management","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-memory-management-in-practice-linux-memory-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_86fc3a1c820a82ec8fde3c3b17aca2f5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Windows Memory Management","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"windows-memory-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_78b534009d4be91a8ec06f7bcd261dbe","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"NUMA Architecture","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"numa-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_cf3a2f7161693cc12b4fd043aefbe346","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Huge Pages: Optimizing Memory Management at Scale","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"huge-pages","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_88717754b9f03dcfea81a91aa8ff4a2a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Memory Compression","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-compression","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8f05fbc44420a857d7f29b499908c247","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Memory Debugging: Detecting and Resolving Memory Errors","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-debugging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9d4f648d804555b00f76ae34c63b7e91","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"File Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_68c36972426fca538a1fdf5ae2cbc60d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"File Access Methods","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-access-methods","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a18e62e8b77fcff0841a1e0002a80439","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"Directory Structure","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"directory-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4c3785c374dc010145535df7a559fd77","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"Directory Operations","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"directory-operations","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_585e7e8efc4278fca3fcac513a128811","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"File Protection: Securing Persistent Data","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-protection","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2a23330117de15b869ddf401e620bf88","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"Hard and Soft Links","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hard-and-soft-links","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ae8196d972184c1fb01e625013fdb61d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"File System Layers","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-system-layers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_654aa70ff1777323fe5ef221936613bb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Contiguous Allocation","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"contiguous-allocation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_fbf33871afbf019e562093e3119c4d3a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Linked Allocation","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linked-allocation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e89504616e41380fb66c9bc7549c526a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Indexed Allocation","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"indexed-allocation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a29fa5e68534fb8b13b3fd10b7fc7f13","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Free Space Management","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"free-space-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ccc909d59a36cc82306083d967779488","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Directory Implementation","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"directory-implementation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e288c30d588f632bca1015d3b7d1d967","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"FAT File System","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fat-file-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_0e5ef8e12d36838f2bc357f4c3cd7244","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"Unix inode Structure","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"unix-inode-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_56e16005c30759a706a200021da04ae6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"Ext2/Ext3/Ext4 File Systems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ext2-ext3-ext4","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_3a6f1e8af132baebcf9bc66d41f8229b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"NTFS: The New Technology File System","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ntfs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9b66121878b62d9b69998cb11ec9ec42","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"File System Comparison","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-system-comparison","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2e746179b8be1e14a01b787b24e5f850","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"Virtual File System (VFS)","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtual-file-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_74f91fafd54bf70e7300885294996f74","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Buffer Cache","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"buffer-cache","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_f97fa5a7bb9ec68b4c5c378519c9947e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Read-Ahead: Anticipatory Data Loading","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"read-ahead","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4ff36a28802b87f8d1b0110f896e90f7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Write Strategies","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"write-strategies","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_de3bf4f804174e8bf94545b9ade710fc","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"File System Journaling","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"journaling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_df49786f6ab3859c097bc8a5986ea705","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Log-Structured File Systems","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"log-structured-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_5b79405957967bc1319d5dc5002a30b7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Defragmentation","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"defragmentation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_0783892a9efc4847e680aefa1eb1dbd9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Copy-on-Write File Systems","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"copy-on-write-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_669094127e382a299679705ee6352f80","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"ZFS: The Zettabyte File System","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"zfs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e94b6844ed3f8d3875703200ba21c67b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Btrfs: The B-tree File System","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"btrfs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ecaafe317263daf4d330ff6223034212","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Network File Systems","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"network-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_348639a90a49d0f3cc73af6949019912","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Distributed File Systems","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-advanced-file-systems-distributed-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_90c8994cdf03311d15aa405ac087cccb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Special File Systems","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"special-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_52cf25b095195030c7b7a9eebbc7dc12","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Understanding I/O Device Types","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-device-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b4ba4edb77f767cdae8aa4c601d9a0c6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"I/O Controllers","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-controllers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e6fca3745885ef9f31d6630257b669e6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Memory-Mapped I/O","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-mapped-io","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_de8da1a4808b50d35a225192f8911286","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Interrupts: Hardware-Level I/O Signaling","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"interrupts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_935f708c695ec34c1ffdef3b375abb42","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Direct Memory Access (DMA)","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"dma","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9e17272b0a078d2317c5b2f754dd8dc8","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"I/O Hardware Performance","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-hardware-performance","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8744fb5632c645a7b4c14d07cb8adba2","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"I/O Software Layers","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-software-layers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2d816fe215216599e611129eb97a2765","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Device Drivers","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"device-drivers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1b4b2075cf9f19f78d4f153fd76f37a9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Blocking and Non-Blocking I/O","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"blocking-non-blocking-io","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d7a542eee0ffd939883207e8cd036788","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"I/O Buffering Strategies","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"buffering","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_50e647b54466c570bd30a2e31e046629","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Caching","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-software-caching","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d9dcdc2a6a17bbd82aa46697c8c541d4","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Spooling: Simultaneous Peripheral Operations Online","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"spooling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ea683bf5bc780d22be5ea3a6b6a2df8f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"Disk Structure","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-disk-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b792d831b502998a10262be656af61fd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"Disk Scheduling Algorithms","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"disk-scheduling-algorithms","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_1d27a139166d008bcbb33a28e9e0a7d3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"RAID: Redundant Array of Independent Disks","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"raid","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_50536e42456716a82a654117fa00d666","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"SSD Internals: Understanding Solid-State Storage","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ssd-internals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d82e020b33a77e7dcc16816323dbfb06","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"NVMe: Non-Volatile Memory Express","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"nvme","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_5ff63fd794b2aa434ca1c0b353d62500","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"Storage Virtualization","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"storage-virtualization","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8038fe2525f524bce7b4f4a2ab588680","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Protection Goals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"protection-goals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_57d09e513d060d1b3ad6bbddc88532a7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Protection Domains","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"protection-domains","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_4c9a659dab4610c51609c717f5360107","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Access Matrix: The Foundation of Access Control","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"access-matrix","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2d052e562006a3a7735c7a2731f4776e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Access Control Lists","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"access-control-lists","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_d95afefaba73cc8166ed7c4fc0621d55","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Capabilities","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"capabilities","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e5aacf65753fcef0f1e2de0ff83eeb8c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Sandboxing","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"sandboxing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_661f04c10476a36ba0b1dc15089d8af6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Security Threats","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"security-threats","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_c0ced91be0f6156afc67e942bb07a1e6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Authentication","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-authentication","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_b55aa2d35564316630cec01ae1473791","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Authorization: Controlling Access to System Resources","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"authorization","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_7d982ddbf20076ad51ffe2947767fe14","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Cryptography Basics","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cryptography-basics","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_166a436e93afef09445829f03c244683","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Secure Communication","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"secure-communication","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e85c81bbb33e0b8b7c0ee57efadc6eda","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Auditing and Logging","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"auditing-and-logging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a09ed2e8a0d6ff26dbc713556ceaa501","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Buffer Overflow Attacks","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"buffer-overflow-attacks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_88490dee40ff1c17bc1d7cc7a5fc2737","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Defense Mechanisms","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"defense-mechanisms","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_3c885ca5f084f5a46db11b2f4904505c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"SELinux: Security-Enhanced Linux","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"selinux","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_53f8367ac99085d8b9f1636f6e40e250","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Secure Boot: Establishing Trust from Power-On","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"secure-boot","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2fd02ecee39dc208c34829e2cc433bf1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Hardware Security Vulnerabilities","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hardware-security","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ebd27878fc4e4cb03d9f14ded9fafa8e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Security Best Practices","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"security-best-practices","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_47e2f9add150afb6f6a6573256e2c78d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Virtualization Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtualization-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2968c0434f11eeb6c77f487eba6bb291","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Hypervisor Types: Architecture and Implementation","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hypervisor-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9b32a7d354aba80297085f1317152615","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Hardware Virtualization Support","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hardware-virtualization-support","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_ae57234d6ead69d3f5f3d05a27b6571a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Paravirtualization","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"paravirtualization","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_266acd941f8f2406cd8a88df011fc9f5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Containers","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"containers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_f3e720331ca608163176e6e083d6d993","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Linux Namespaces and Control Groups","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"namespaces-and-cgroups","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_c67c51597f380f37ebb931c1ca2a8228","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Distributed System Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-system-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_5020ea10920f2ccac9fac6814bc1fbce","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Communication in Distributed Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-communication","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_95cf1ce4325b68ee048ba986103c9155","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Distributed Clocks and Time Synchronization","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-clocks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_07d7f230ea620df583b7f981cee9a418","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Distributed Coordination","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-coordination","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8016eb77a27f90d20ec661baafebcdaf","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Cloud Computing","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cloud-computing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_fcf64e71390497b8acc672168e76eda0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Real-Time Operating System Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"real-time-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_469662648f26ffac0c451852d788fcd6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Priority Inversion","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"priority-inversion","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_98b407e4e164750e3a68981a098f74ef","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Real-Time OS Features","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"real-time-os-features","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_abd44044a3a187d5af92b7716924a3a0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Real-Time Linux","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"real-time-linux","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_9e6d4f577a93d716f3e7fbf19a9c0e64","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"RTOS Examples","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"rtos-examples","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_3f88e5cb45ad5060c9edf802a12f37c5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux Kernel Architecture","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-kernel-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2c41c3e1c0341c349751860904901bdd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux Process Management","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-process-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_8c94706184061e777cf1aaedccb0cc01","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux File Systems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_a8c39b926ec49c0218ba46234e830728","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux Networking","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-networking","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_0740281df0c7941405c2dd7a5d6961fa","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"eBPF: The Linux Kernel's Programmability Revolution","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ebpf","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_c2ecb2e85e9e2d5627d3d741590fec9f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design And Interview","sectionOrder":46,"title":"Operating System Design Principles","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-design-principles","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_bc3130db7917207d80f7ae4ef50a9318","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design And Interview","sectionOrder":46,"title":"Interview Problem Types","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"interview-problem-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_e2513a76988d732572d92d681041d094","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Classic Operating System Problems","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"classic-os-problems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_64eb8d30a7a4ba66acb0bd28e5e96496","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Numerical Problems in Operating Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-numerical-problems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_2b5c7aa0affd151ce761f39d33566b14","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Conceptual Questions","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"conceptual-questions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"},{"id":"seed_53d78947ce21d614c8f2e296cfc31dec","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Operating System Project Ideas","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-project-ideas","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z"}],"sections":[{"title":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","order":1,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:0","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:1","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:2","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:3","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:4","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:5"]},{"title":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","order":2,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:6","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:7","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:8","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:9","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:10","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:11"]},{"title":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","order":3,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:12","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:13","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:14","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:15","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:16","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:17"]},{"title":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","order":4,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:18","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:19","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:20","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:21","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:22"]},{"title":"Chapter 4: System Calls Api","order":5,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:23"]},{"title":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","order":6,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:24","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:25","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:26","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:27","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:28","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:29"]},{"title":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","order":7,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:30","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:31","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:32","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:33","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:34"]},{"title":"Chapter 6: Process Creation Termination","order":8,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:35"]},{"title":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","order":9,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:36","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:37","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:38","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:39","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:40","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:41"]},{"title":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","order":10,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:42","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:43","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:44","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:45","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:46","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:47"]},{"title":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","order":11,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:48","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:49","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:50","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:51","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:52","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:53"]},{"title":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","order":12,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:54","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:55","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:56","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:57","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:58","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:59"]},{"title":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","order":13,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:60","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:61","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:62","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:63","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:64","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:65"]},{"title":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","order":14,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:66","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:67","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:68","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:69","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:70","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:71"]},{"title":"Chapter 13: Locks And Hardware Support","order":15,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:72"]},{"title":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","order":16,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:73","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:74","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:75","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:76","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:77"]},{"title":"Chapter 14: Semaphores And Classic Problems","order":17,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:78","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:79","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:80"]},{"title":"Chapter 14: Semaphores Classic Problems","order":18,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:81","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:82","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:83"]},{"title":"Chapter 15: Monitors And Condition Variables","order":19,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:84","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:85","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:86"]},{"title":"Chapter 15: Monitors Condition Variables","order":20,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:87","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:88","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:89"]},{"title":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","order":21,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:90","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:91","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:92","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:93","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:94","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:95"]},{"title":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","order":22,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:96","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:97","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:98","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:99","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:100","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:101"]},{"title":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","order":23,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:102","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:103","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:104","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:105","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:106","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:107"]},{"title":"Chapter 19: Paging","order":24,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:108","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:109","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:110","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:111","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:112","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:113"]},{"title":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","order":25,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:114","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:115","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:116","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:117","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:118","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:119"]},{"title":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","order":26,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:120","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:121","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:122","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:123","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:124","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:125"]},{"title":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","order":27,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:126","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:127","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:128","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:129","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:130","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:131"]},{"title":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","order":28,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:132","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:133","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:134","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:135"]},{"title":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation Thrashing","order":29,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:136"]},{"title":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","order":30,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:137","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:138","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:139","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:140","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:141","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:142"]},{"title":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","order":31,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:143","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:144","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:145","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:146","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:147","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:148"]},{"title":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","order":32,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:149","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:150","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:151","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:152","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:153","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:154"]},{"title":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","order":33,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:155","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:156","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:157","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:158","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:159","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:160"]},{"title":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","order":34,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:161","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:162","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:163","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:164","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:165","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:166"]},{"title":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","order":35,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:167","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:168","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:169","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:170","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:171","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:172"]},{"title":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","order":36,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:173","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:174","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:175","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:176","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:177","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:178"]},{"title":"Chapter 31: Io Software","order":37,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:179","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:180","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:181","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:182","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:183","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:184"]},{"title":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","order":38,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:185","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:186","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:187","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:188","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:189","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:190"]},{"title":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","order":39,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:191","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:192","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:193","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:194","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:195","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:196"]},{"title":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","order":40,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:197","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:198","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:199","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:200","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:201","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:202"]},{"title":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","order":41,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:203","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:204","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:205","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:206","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:207","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:208"]},{"title":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","order":42,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:209","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:210","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:211","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:212","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:213","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:214"]},{"title":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","order":43,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:215","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:216","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:217","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:218","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:219"]},{"title":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","order":44,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:220","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:221","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:222","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:223","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:224"]},{"title":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","order":45,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:225","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:226","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:227","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:228","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:229"]},{"title":"Chapter 40: Os Design And Interview","order":46,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:230","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:231"]},{"title":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","order":47,"modules":["$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:232","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:233","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:234","$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:json:modules:235"]}]},"meta":{"values":{"createdAt":["Date"],"updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.0.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.0.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.1.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.1.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.2.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.2.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.3.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.3.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.4.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.4.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.5.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.5.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.6.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.6.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.7.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.7.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.8.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.8.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.9.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.9.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.10.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.10.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.11.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.11.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.12.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.12.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.13.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.13.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.14.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.14.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.15.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.15.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.16.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.16.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.17.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.17.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.18.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.18.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.19.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.19.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.20.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.20.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.21.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.21.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.22.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.22.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.23.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.23.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.24.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.24.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.25.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.25.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.26.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.26.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.27.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.27.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.28.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.28.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.29.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.29.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.30.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.30.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.31.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.31.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.32.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.32.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.33.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.33.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.34.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.34.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.35.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.35.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.36.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.36.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.37.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.37.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.38.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.38.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.39.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.39.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.40.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.40.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.41.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.41.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.42.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.42.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.43.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.43.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.44.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.44.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.45.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.45.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.46.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.46.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.47.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.47.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.48.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.48.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.49.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.49.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.50.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.50.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.51.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.51.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.52.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.52.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.53.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.53.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.54.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.54.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.55.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.55.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.56.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.56.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.57.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.57.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.58.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.58.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.59.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.59.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.60.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.60.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.61.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.61.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.62.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.62.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.63.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.63.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.64.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.64.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.65.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.65.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.66.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.66.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.67.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.67.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.68.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.68.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.69.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.69.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.70.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.70.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.71.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.71.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.72.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.72.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.73.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.73.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.74.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.74.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.75.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.75.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.76.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.76.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.77.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.77.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.78.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.78.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.79.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.79.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.80.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.80.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.81.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.81.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.82.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.82.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.83.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.83.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.84.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.84.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.85.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.85.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.86.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.86.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.87.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.87.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.88.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.88.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.89.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.89.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.90.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.90.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.91.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.91.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.92.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.92.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.93.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.93.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.94.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.94.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.95.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.95.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.96.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.96.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.97.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.97.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.98.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.98.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.99.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.99.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.100.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.100.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.101.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.101.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.102.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.102.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.103.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.103.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.104.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.104.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.105.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.105.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.106.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.106.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.107.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.107.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.108.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.108.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.109.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.109.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.110.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.110.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.111.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.111.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.112.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.112.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.113.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.113.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.114.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.114.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.115.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.115.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.116.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.116.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.117.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.117.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.118.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.118.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.119.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.119.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.120.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.120.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.121.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.121.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.122.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.122.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.123.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.123.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.124.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.124.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.125.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.125.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.126.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.126.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.127.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.127.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.128.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.128.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.129.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.129.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.130.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.130.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.131.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.131.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.132.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.132.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.133.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.133.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.134.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.134.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.135.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.135.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.136.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.136.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.137.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.137.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.138.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.138.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.139.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.139.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.140.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.140.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.141.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.141.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.142.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.142.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.143.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.143.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.144.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.144.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.145.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.145.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.146.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.146.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.147.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.147.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.148.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.148.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.149.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.149.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.150.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.150.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.151.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.151.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.152.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.152.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.153.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.153.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.154.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.154.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.155.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.155.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.156.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.156.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.157.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.157.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.158.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.158.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.159.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.159.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.160.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.160.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.161.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.161.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.162.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.162.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.163.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.163.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.164.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.164.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.165.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.165.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.166.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.166.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.167.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.167.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.168.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.168.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.169.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.169.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.170.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.170.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.171.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.171.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.172.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.172.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.173.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.173.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.174.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.174.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.175.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.175.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.176.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.176.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.177.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.177.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.178.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.178.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.179.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.179.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.180.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.180.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.181.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.181.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.182.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.182.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.183.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.183.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.184.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.184.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.185.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.185.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.186.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.186.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.187.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.187.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.188.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.188.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.189.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.189.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.190.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.190.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.191.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.191.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.192.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.192.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.193.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.193.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.194.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.194.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.195.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.195.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.196.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.196.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.197.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.197.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.198.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.198.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.199.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.199.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.200.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.200.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.201.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.201.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.202.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.202.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.203.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.203.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.204.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.204.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.205.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.205.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.206.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.206.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.207.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.207.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.208.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.208.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.209.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.209.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.210.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.210.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.211.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.211.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.212.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.212.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.213.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.213.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.214.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.214.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.215.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.215.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.216.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.216.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.217.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.217.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.218.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.218.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.219.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.219.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.220.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.220.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.221.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.221.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.222.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.222.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.223.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.223.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.224.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.224.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.225.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.225.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.226.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.226.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.227.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.227.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.228.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.228.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.229.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.229.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.230.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.230.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.231.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.231.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.232.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.232.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.233.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.233.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.234.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.234.updatedAt":["Date"],"modules.235.createdAt":["Date"],"modules.235.updatedAt":["Date"],"sections.0.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.0.createdAt","sections.0.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.0.updatedAt","sections.0.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.1.createdAt","sections.0.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.1.updatedAt","sections.0.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.2.createdAt","sections.0.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.2.updatedAt","sections.0.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.3.createdAt","sections.0.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.3.updatedAt","sections.0.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.4.createdAt","sections.0.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.4.updatedAt","sections.0.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.5.createdAt","sections.0.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.5.updatedAt","sections.1.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.6.createdAt","sections.1.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.6.updatedAt","sections.1.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.7.createdAt","sections.1.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.7.updatedAt","sections.1.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.8.createdAt","sections.1.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.8.updatedAt","sections.1.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.9.createdAt","sections.1.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.9.updatedAt","sections.1.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.10.createdAt","sections.1.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.10.updatedAt","sections.1.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.11.createdAt","sections.1.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.11.updatedAt","sections.2.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.12.createdAt","sections.2.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.12.updatedAt","sections.2.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.13.createdAt","sections.2.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.13.updatedAt","sections.2.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.14.createdAt","sections.2.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.14.updatedAt","sections.2.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.15.createdAt","sections.2.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.15.updatedAt","sections.2.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.16.createdAt","sections.2.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.16.updatedAt","sections.2.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.17.createdAt","sections.2.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.17.updatedAt","sections.3.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.18.createdAt","sections.3.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.18.updatedAt","sections.3.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.19.createdAt","sections.3.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.19.updatedAt","sections.3.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.20.createdAt","sections.3.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.20.updatedAt","sections.3.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.21.createdAt","sections.3.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.21.updatedAt","sections.3.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.22.createdAt","sections.3.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.22.updatedAt","sections.4.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.23.createdAt","sections.4.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.23.updatedAt","sections.5.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.24.createdAt","sections.5.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.24.updatedAt","sections.5.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.25.createdAt","sections.5.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.25.updatedAt","sections.5.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.26.createdAt","sections.5.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.26.updatedAt","sections.5.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.27.createdAt","sections.5.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.27.updatedAt","sections.5.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.28.createdAt","sections.5.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.28.updatedAt","sections.5.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.29.createdAt","sections.5.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.29.updatedAt","sections.6.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.30.createdAt","sections.6.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.30.updatedAt","sections.6.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.31.createdAt","sections.6.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.31.updatedAt","sections.6.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.32.createdAt","sections.6.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.32.updatedAt","sections.6.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.33.createdAt","sections.6.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.33.updatedAt","sections.6.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.34.createdAt","sections.6.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.34.updatedAt","sections.7.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.35.createdAt","sections.7.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.35.updatedAt","sections.8.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.36.createdAt","sections.8.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.36.updatedAt","sections.8.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.37.createdAt","sections.8.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.37.updatedAt","sections.8.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.38.createdAt","sections.8.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.38.updatedAt","sections.8.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.39.createdAt","sections.8.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.39.updatedAt","sections.8.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.40.createdAt","sections.8.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.40.updatedAt","sections.8.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.41.createdAt","sections.8.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.41.updatedAt","sections.9.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.42.createdAt","sections.9.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.42.updatedAt","sections.9.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.43.createdAt","sections.9.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.43.updatedAt","sections.9.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.44.createdAt","sections.9.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.44.updatedAt","sections.9.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.45.createdAt","sections.9.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.45.updatedAt","sections.9.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.46.createdAt","sections.9.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.46.updatedAt","sections.9.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.47.createdAt","sections.9.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.47.updatedAt","sections.10.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.48.createdAt","sections.10.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.48.updatedAt","sections.10.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.49.createdAt","sections.10.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.49.updatedAt","sections.10.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.50.createdAt","sections.10.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.50.updatedAt","sections.10.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.51.createdAt","sections.10.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.51.updatedAt","sections.10.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.52.createdAt","sections.10.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.52.updatedAt","sections.10.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.53.createdAt","sections.10.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.53.updatedAt","sections.11.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.54.createdAt","sections.11.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.54.updatedAt","sections.11.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.55.createdAt","sections.11.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.55.updatedAt","sections.11.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.56.createdAt","sections.11.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.56.updatedAt","sections.11.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.57.createdAt","sections.11.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.57.updatedAt","sections.11.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.58.createdAt","sections.11.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.58.updatedAt","sections.11.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.59.createdAt","sections.11.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.59.updatedAt","sections.12.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.60.createdAt","sections.12.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.60.updatedAt","sections.12.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.61.createdAt","sections.12.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.61.updatedAt","sections.12.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.62.createdAt","sections.12.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.62.updatedAt","sections.12.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.63.createdAt","sections.12.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.63.updatedAt","sections.12.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.64.createdAt","sections.12.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.64.updatedAt","sections.12.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.65.createdAt","sections.12.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.65.updatedAt","sections.13.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.66.createdAt","sections.13.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.66.updatedAt","sections.13.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.67.createdAt","sections.13.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.67.updatedAt","sections.13.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.68.createdAt","sections.13.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.68.updatedAt","sections.13.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.69.createdAt","sections.13.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.69.updatedAt","sections.13.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.70.createdAt","sections.13.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.70.updatedAt","sections.13.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.71.createdAt","sections.13.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.71.updatedAt","sections.14.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.72.createdAt","sections.14.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.72.updatedAt","sections.15.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.73.createdAt","sections.15.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.73.updatedAt","sections.15.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.74.createdAt","sections.15.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.74.updatedAt","sections.15.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.75.createdAt","sections.15.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.75.updatedAt","sections.15.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.76.createdAt","sections.15.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.76.updatedAt","sections.15.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.77.createdAt","sections.15.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.77.updatedAt","sections.16.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.78.createdAt","sections.16.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.78.updatedAt","sections.16.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.79.createdAt","sections.16.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.79.updatedAt","sections.16.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.80.createdAt","sections.16.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.80.updatedAt","sections.17.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.81.createdAt","sections.17.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.81.updatedAt","sections.17.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.82.createdAt","sections.17.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.82.updatedAt","sections.17.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.83.createdAt","sections.17.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.83.updatedAt","sections.18.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.84.createdAt","sections.18.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.84.updatedAt","sections.18.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.85.createdAt","sections.18.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.85.updatedAt","sections.18.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.86.createdAt","sections.18.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.86.updatedAt","sections.19.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.87.createdAt","sections.19.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.87.updatedAt","sections.19.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.88.createdAt","sections.19.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.88.updatedAt","sections.19.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.89.createdAt","sections.19.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.89.updatedAt","sections.20.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.90.createdAt","sections.20.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.90.updatedAt","sections.20.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.91.createdAt","sections.20.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.91.updatedAt","sections.20.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.92.createdAt","sections.20.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.92.updatedAt","sections.20.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.93.createdAt","sections.20.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.93.updatedAt","sections.20.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.94.createdAt","sections.20.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.94.updatedAt","sections.20.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.95.createdAt","sections.20.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.95.updatedAt","sections.21.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.96.createdAt","sections.21.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.96.updatedAt","sections.21.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.97.createdAt","sections.21.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.97.updatedAt","sections.21.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.98.createdAt","sections.21.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.98.updatedAt","sections.21.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.99.createdAt","sections.21.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.99.updatedAt","sections.21.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.100.createdAt","sections.21.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.100.updatedAt","sections.21.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.101.createdAt","sections.21.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.101.updatedAt","sections.22.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.102.createdAt","sections.22.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.102.updatedAt","sections.22.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.103.createdAt","sections.22.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.103.updatedAt","sections.22.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.104.createdAt","sections.22.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.104.updatedAt","sections.22.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.105.createdAt","sections.22.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.105.updatedAt","sections.22.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.106.createdAt","sections.22.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.106.updatedAt","sections.22.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.107.createdAt","sections.22.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.107.updatedAt","sections.23.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.108.createdAt","sections.23.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.108.updatedAt","sections.23.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.109.createdAt","sections.23.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.109.updatedAt","sections.23.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.110.createdAt","sections.23.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.110.updatedAt","sections.23.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.111.createdAt","sections.23.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.111.updatedAt","sections.23.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.112.createdAt","sections.23.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.112.updatedAt","sections.23.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.113.createdAt","sections.23.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.113.updatedAt","sections.24.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.114.createdAt","sections.24.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.114.updatedAt","sections.24.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.115.createdAt","sections.24.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.115.updatedAt","sections.24.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.116.createdAt","sections.24.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.116.updatedAt","sections.24.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.117.createdAt","sections.24.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.117.updatedAt","sections.24.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.118.createdAt","sections.24.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.118.updatedAt","sections.24.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.119.createdAt","sections.24.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.119.updatedAt","sections.25.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.120.createdAt","sections.25.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.120.updatedAt","sections.25.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.121.createdAt","sections.25.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.121.updatedAt","sections.25.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.122.createdAt","sections.25.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.122.updatedAt","sections.25.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.123.createdAt","sections.25.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.123.updatedAt","sections.25.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.124.createdAt","sections.25.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.124.updatedAt","sections.25.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.125.createdAt","sections.25.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.125.updatedAt","sections.26.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.126.createdAt","sections.26.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.126.updatedAt","sections.26.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.127.createdAt","sections.26.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.127.updatedAt","sections.26.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.128.createdAt","sections.26.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.128.updatedAt","sections.26.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.129.createdAt","sections.26.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.129.updatedAt","sections.26.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.130.createdAt","sections.26.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.130.updatedAt","sections.26.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.131.createdAt","sections.26.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.131.updatedAt","sections.27.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.132.createdAt","sections.27.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.132.updatedAt","sections.27.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.133.createdAt","sections.27.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.133.updatedAt","sections.27.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.134.createdAt","sections.27.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.134.updatedAt","sections.27.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.135.createdAt","sections.27.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.135.updatedAt","sections.28.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.136.createdAt","sections.28.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.136.updatedAt","sections.29.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.137.createdAt","sections.29.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.137.updatedAt","sections.29.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.138.createdAt","sections.29.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.138.updatedAt","sections.29.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.139.createdAt","sections.29.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.139.updatedAt","sections.29.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.140.createdAt","sections.29.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.140.updatedAt","sections.29.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.141.createdAt","sections.29.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.141.updatedAt","sections.29.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.142.createdAt","sections.29.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.142.updatedAt","sections.30.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.143.createdAt","sections.30.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.143.updatedAt","sections.30.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.144.createdAt","sections.30.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.144.updatedAt","sections.30.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.145.createdAt","sections.30.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.145.updatedAt","sections.30.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.146.createdAt","sections.30.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.146.updatedAt","sections.30.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.147.createdAt","sections.30.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.147.updatedAt","sections.30.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.148.createdAt","sections.30.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.148.updatedAt","sections.31.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.149.createdAt","sections.31.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.149.updatedAt","sections.31.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.150.createdAt","sections.31.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.150.updatedAt","sections.31.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.151.createdAt","sections.31.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.151.updatedAt","sections.31.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.152.createdAt","sections.31.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.152.updatedAt","sections.31.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.153.createdAt","sections.31.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.153.updatedAt","sections.31.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.154.createdAt","sections.31.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.154.updatedAt","sections.32.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.155.createdAt","sections.32.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.155.updatedAt","sections.32.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.156.createdAt","sections.32.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.156.updatedAt","sections.32.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.157.createdAt","sections.32.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.157.updatedAt","sections.32.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.158.createdAt","sections.32.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.158.updatedAt","sections.32.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.159.createdAt","sections.32.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.159.updatedAt","sections.32.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.160.createdAt","sections.32.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.160.updatedAt","sections.33.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.161.createdAt","sections.33.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.161.updatedAt","sections.33.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.162.createdAt","sections.33.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.162.updatedAt","sections.33.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.163.createdAt","sections.33.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.163.updatedAt","sections.33.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.164.createdAt","sections.33.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.164.updatedAt","sections.33.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.165.createdAt","sections.33.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.165.updatedAt","sections.33.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.166.createdAt","sections.33.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.166.updatedAt","sections.34.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.167.createdAt","sections.34.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.167.updatedAt","sections.34.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.168.createdAt","sections.34.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.168.updatedAt","sections.34.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.169.createdAt","sections.34.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.169.updatedAt","sections.34.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.170.createdAt","sections.34.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.170.updatedAt","sections.34.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.171.createdAt","sections.34.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.171.updatedAt","sections.34.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.172.createdAt","sections.34.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.172.updatedAt","sections.35.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.173.createdAt","sections.35.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.173.updatedAt","sections.35.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.174.createdAt","sections.35.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.174.updatedAt","sections.35.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.175.createdAt","sections.35.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.175.updatedAt","sections.35.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.176.createdAt","sections.35.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.176.updatedAt","sections.35.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.177.createdAt","sections.35.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.177.updatedAt","sections.35.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.178.createdAt","sections.35.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.178.updatedAt","sections.36.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.179.createdAt","sections.36.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.179.updatedAt","sections.36.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.180.createdAt","sections.36.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.180.updatedAt","sections.36.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.181.createdAt","sections.36.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.181.updatedAt","sections.36.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.182.createdAt","sections.36.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.182.updatedAt","sections.36.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.183.createdAt","sections.36.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.183.updatedAt","sections.36.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.184.createdAt","sections.36.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.184.updatedAt","sections.37.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.185.createdAt","sections.37.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.185.updatedAt","sections.37.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.186.createdAt","sections.37.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.186.updatedAt","sections.37.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.187.createdAt","sections.37.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.187.updatedAt","sections.37.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.188.createdAt","sections.37.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.188.updatedAt","sections.37.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.189.createdAt","sections.37.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.189.updatedAt","sections.37.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.190.createdAt","sections.37.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.190.updatedAt","sections.38.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.191.createdAt","sections.38.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.191.updatedAt","sections.38.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.192.createdAt","sections.38.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.192.updatedAt","sections.38.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.193.createdAt","sections.38.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.193.updatedAt","sections.38.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.194.createdAt","sections.38.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.194.updatedAt","sections.38.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.195.createdAt","sections.38.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.195.updatedAt","sections.38.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.196.createdAt","sections.38.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.196.updatedAt","sections.39.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.197.createdAt","sections.39.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.197.updatedAt","sections.39.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.198.createdAt","sections.39.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.198.updatedAt","sections.39.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.199.createdAt","sections.39.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.199.updatedAt","sections.39.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.200.createdAt","sections.39.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.200.updatedAt","sections.39.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.201.createdAt","sections.39.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.201.updatedAt","sections.39.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.202.createdAt","sections.39.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.202.updatedAt","sections.40.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.203.createdAt","sections.40.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.203.updatedAt","sections.40.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.204.createdAt","sections.40.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.204.updatedAt","sections.40.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.205.createdAt","sections.40.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.205.updatedAt","sections.40.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.206.createdAt","sections.40.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.206.updatedAt","sections.40.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.207.createdAt","sections.40.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.207.updatedAt","sections.40.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.208.createdAt","sections.40.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.208.updatedAt","sections.41.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.209.createdAt","sections.41.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.209.updatedAt","sections.41.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.210.createdAt","sections.41.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.210.updatedAt","sections.41.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.211.createdAt","sections.41.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.211.updatedAt","sections.41.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.212.createdAt","sections.41.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.212.updatedAt","sections.41.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.213.createdAt","sections.41.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.213.updatedAt","sections.41.modules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.214.createdAt","sections.41.modules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.214.updatedAt","sections.42.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.215.createdAt","sections.42.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.215.updatedAt","sections.42.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.216.createdAt","sections.42.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.216.updatedAt","sections.42.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.217.createdAt","sections.42.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.217.updatedAt","sections.42.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.218.createdAt","sections.42.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.218.updatedAt","sections.42.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.219.createdAt","sections.42.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.219.updatedAt","sections.43.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.220.createdAt","sections.43.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.220.updatedAt","sections.43.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.221.createdAt","sections.43.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.221.updatedAt","sections.43.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.222.createdAt","sections.43.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.222.updatedAt","sections.43.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.223.createdAt","sections.43.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.223.updatedAt","sections.43.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.224.createdAt","sections.43.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.224.updatedAt","sections.44.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.225.createdAt","sections.44.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.225.updatedAt","sections.44.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.226.createdAt","sections.44.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.226.updatedAt","sections.44.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.227.createdAt","sections.44.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.227.updatedAt","sections.44.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.228.createdAt","sections.44.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.228.updatedAt","sections.44.modules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.229.createdAt","sections.44.modules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.229.updatedAt","sections.45.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.230.createdAt","sections.45.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.230.updatedAt","sections.45.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.231.createdAt","sections.45.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.231.updatedAt","sections.46.modules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.232.createdAt","sections.46.modules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.232.updatedAt","sections.46.modules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.233.createdAt","sections.46.modules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.233.updatedAt","sections.46.modules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.234.createdAt","sections.46.modules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.234.updatedAt","sections.46.modules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.235.createdAt","sections.46.modules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:0:state:data:meta:values:modules.235.updatedAt"},"referentialEqualities":{"modules.0":["sections.0.modules.0"],"modules.1":["sections.0.modules.1"],"modules.2":["sections.0.modules.2"],"modules.3":["sections.0.modules.3"],"modules.4":["sections.0.modules.4"],"modules.5":["sections.0.modules.5"],"modules.6":["sections.1.modules.0"],"modules.7":["sections.1.modules.1"],"modules.8":["sections.1.modules.2"],"modules.9":["sections.1.modules.3"],"modules.10":["sections.1.modules.4"],"modules.11":["sections.1.modules.5"],"modules.12":["sections.2.modules.0"],"modules.13":["sections.2.modules.1"],"modules.14":["sections.2.modules.2"],"modules.15":["sections.2.modules.3"],"modules.16":["sections.2.modules.4"],"modules.17":["sections.2.modules.5"],"modules.18":["sections.3.modules.0"],"modules.19":["sections.3.modules.1"],"modules.20":["sections.3.modules.2"],"modules.21":["sections.3.modules.3"],"modules.22":["sections.3.modules.4"],"modules.23":["sections.4.modules.0"],"modules.24":["sections.5.modules.0"],"modules.25":["sections.5.modules.1"],"modules.26":["sections.5.modules.2"],"modules.27":["sections.5.modules.3"],"modules.28":["sections.5.modules.4"],"modules.29":["sections.5.modules.5"],"modules.30":["sections.6.modules.0"],"modules.31":["sections.6.modules.1"],"modules.32":["sections.6.modules.2"],"modules.33":["sections.6.modules.3"],"modules.34":["sections.6.modules.4"],"modules.35":["sections.7.modules.0"],"modules.36":["sections.8.modules.0"],"modules.37":["sections.8.modules.1"],"modules.38":["sections.8.modules.2"],"modules.39":["sections.8.modules.3"],"modules.40":["sections.8.modules.4"],"modules.41":["sections.8.modules.5"],"modules.42":["sections.9.modules.0"],"modules.43":["sections.9.modules.1"],"modules.44":["sections.9.modules.2"],"modules.45":["sections.9.modules.3"],"modules.46":["sections.9.modules.4"],"modules.47":["sections.9.modules.5"],"modules.48":["sections.10.modules.0"],"modules.49":["sections.10.modules.1"],"modules.50":["sections.10.modules.2"],"modules.51":["sections.10.modules.3"],"modules.52":["sections.10.modules.4"],"modules.53":["sections.10.modules.5"],"modules.54":["sections.11.modules.0"],"modules.55":["sections.11.modules.1"],"modules.56":["sections.11.modules.2"],"modules.57":["sections.11.modules.3"],"modules.58":["sections.11.modules.4"],"modules.59":["sections.11.modules.5"],"modules.60":["sections.12.modules.0"],"modules.61":["sections.12.modules.1"],"modules.62":["sections.12.modules.2"],"modules.63":["sections.12.modules.3"],"modules.64":["sections.12.modules.4"],"modules.65":["sections.12.modules.5"],"modules.66":["sections.13.modules.0"],"modules.67":["sections.13.modules.1"],"modules.68":["sections.13.modules.2"],"modules.69":["sections.13.modules.3"],"modules.70":["sections.13.modules.4"],"modules.71":["sections.13.modules.5"],"modules.72":["sections.14.modules.0"],"modules.73":["sections.15.modules.0"],"modules.74":["sections.15.modules.1"],"modules.75":["sections.15.modules.2"],"modules.76":["sections.15.modules.3"],"modules.77":["sections.15.modules.4"],"modules.78":["sections.16.modules.0"],"modules.79":["sections.16.modules.1"],"modules.80":["sections.16.modules.2"],"modules.81":["sections.17.modules.0"],"modules.82":["sections.17.modules.1"],"modules.83":["sections.17.modules.2"],"modules.84":["sections.18.modules.0"],"modules.85":["sections.18.modules.1"],"modules.86":["sections.18.modules.2"],"modules.87":["sections.19.modules.0"],"modules.88":["sections.19.modules.1"],"modules.89":["sections.19.modules.2"],"modules.90":["sections.20.modules.0"],"modules.91":["sections.20.modules.1"],"modules.92":["sections.20.modules.2"],"modules.93":["sections.20.modules.3"],"modules.94":["sections.20.modules.4"],"modules.95":["sections.20.modules.5"],"modules.96":["sections.21.modules.0"],"modules.97":["sections.21.modules.1"],"modules.98":["sections.21.modules.2"],"modules.99":["sections.21.modules.3"],"modules.100":["sections.21.modules.4"],"modules.101":["sections.21.modules.5"],"modules.102":["sections.22.modules.0"],"modules.103":["sections.22.modules.1"],"modules.104":["sections.22.modules.2"],"modules.105":["sections.22.modules.3"],"modules.106":["sections.22.modules.4"],"modules.107":["sections.22.modules.5"],"modules.108":["sections.23.modules.0"],"modules.109":["sections.23.modules.1"],"modules.110":["sections.23.modules.2"],"modules.111":["sections.23.modules.3"],"modules.112":["sections.23.modules.4"],"modules.113":["sections.23.modules.5"],"modules.114":["sections.24.modules.0"],"modules.115":["sections.24.modules.1"],"modules.116":["sections.24.modules.2"],"modules.117":["sections.24.modules.3"],"modules.118":["sections.24.modules.4"],"modules.119":["sections.24.modules.5"],"modules.120":["sections.25.modules.0"],"modules.121":["sections.25.modules.1"],"modules.122":["sections.25.modules.2"],"modules.123":["sections.25.modules.3"],"modules.124":["sections.25.modules.4"],"modules.125":["sections.25.modules.5"],"modules.126":["sections.26.modules.0"],"modules.127":["sections.26.modules.1"],"modules.128":["sections.26.modules.2"],"modules.129":["sections.26.modules.3"],"modules.130":["sections.26.modules.4"],"modules.131":["sections.26.modules.5"],"modules.132":["sections.27.modules.0"],"modules.133":["sections.27.modules.1"],"modules.134":["sections.27.modules.2"],"modules.135":["sections.27.modules.3"],"modules.136":["sections.28.modules.0"],"modules.137":["sections.29.modules.0"],"modules.138":["sections.29.modules.1"],"modules.139":["sections.29.modules.2"],"modules.140":["sections.29.modules.3"],"modules.141":["sections.29.modules.4"],"modules.142":["sections.29.modules.5"],"modules.143":["sections.30.modules.0"],"modules.144":["sections.30.modules.1"],"modules.145":["sections.30.modules.2"],"modules.146":["sections.30.modules.3"],"modules.147":["sections.30.modules.4"],"modules.148":["sections.30.modules.5"],"modules.149":["sections.31.modules.0"],"modules.150":["sections.31.modules.1"],"modules.151":["sections.31.modules.2"],"modules.152":["sections.31.modules.3"],"modules.153":["sections.31.modules.4"],"modules.154":["sections.31.modules.5"],"modules.155":["sections.32.modules.0"],"modules.156":["sections.32.modules.1"],"modules.157":["sections.32.modules.2"],"modules.158":["sections.32.modules.3"],"modules.159":["sections.32.modules.4"],"modules.160":["sections.32.modules.5"],"modules.161":["sections.33.modules.0"],"modules.162":["sections.33.modules.1"],"modules.163":["sections.33.modules.2"],"modules.164":["sections.33.modules.3"],"modules.165":["sections.33.modules.4"],"modules.166":["sections.33.modules.5"],"modules.167":["sections.34.modules.0"],"modules.168":["sections.34.modules.1"],"modules.169":["sections.34.modules.2"],"modules.170":["sections.34.modules.3"],"modules.171":["sections.34.modules.4"],"modules.172":["sections.34.modules.5"],"modules.173":["sections.35.modules.0"],"modules.174":["sections.35.modules.1"],"modules.175":["sections.35.modules.2"],"modules.176":["sections.35.modules.3"],"modules.177":["sections.35.modules.4"],"modules.178":["sections.35.modules.5"],"modules.179":["sections.36.modules.0"],"modules.180":["sections.36.modules.1"],"modules.181":["sections.36.modules.2"],"modules.182":["sections.36.modules.3"],"modules.183":["sections.36.modules.4"],"modules.184":["sections.36.modules.5"],"modules.185":["sections.37.modules.0"],"modules.186":["sections.37.modules.1"],"modules.187":["sections.37.modules.2"],"modules.188":["sections.37.modules.3"],"modules.189":["sections.37.modules.4"],"modules.190":["sections.37.modules.5"],"modules.191":["sections.38.modules.0"],"modules.192":["sections.38.modules.1"],"modules.193":["sections.38.modules.2"],"modules.194":["sections.38.modules.3"],"modules.195":["sections.38.modules.4"],"modules.196":["sections.38.modules.5"],"modules.197":["sections.39.modules.0"],"modules.198":["sections.39.modules.1"],"modules.199":["sections.39.modules.2"],"modules.200":["sections.39.modules.3"],"modules.201":["sections.39.modules.4"],"modules.202":["sections.39.modules.5"],"modules.203":["sections.40.modules.0"],"modules.204":["sections.40.modules.1"],"modules.205":["sections.40.modules.2"],"modules.206":["sections.40.modules.3"],"modules.207":["sections.40.modules.4"],"modules.208":["sections.40.modules.5"],"modules.209":["sections.41.modules.0"],"modules.210":["sections.41.modules.1"],"modules.211":["sections.41.modules.2"],"modules.212":["sections.41.modules.3"],"modules.213":["sections.41.modules.4"],"modules.214":["sections.41.modules.5"],"modules.215":["sections.42.modules.0"],"modules.216":["sections.42.modules.1"],"modules.217":["sections.42.modules.2"],"modules.218":["sections.42.modules.3"],"modules.219":["sections.42.modules.4"],"modules.220":["sections.43.modules.0"],"modules.221":["sections.43.modules.1"],"modules.222":["sections.43.modules.2"],"modules.223":["sections.43.modules.3"],"modules.224":["sections.43.modules.4"],"modules.225":["sections.44.modules.0"],"modules.226":["sections.44.modules.1"],"modules.227":["sections.44.modules.2"],"modules.228":["sections.44.modules.3"],"modules.229":["sections.44.modules.4"],"modules.230":["sections.45.modules.0"],"modules.231":["sections.45.modules.1"],"modules.232":["sections.46.modules.0"],"modules.233":["sections.46.modules.1"],"modules.234":["sections.46.modules.2"],"modules.235":["sections.46.modules.3"]},"v":1}},"dataUpdateCount":1,"dataUpdatedAt":1792306354252,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"success","fetchStatus":"idle"},"queryKey":[["learningPaths","getBySlug"],{"input":{"slug":"operating-systems"},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"learningPaths\",\"getBySlug\"],{\"input\":{\"slug\":\"operating-systems\"},\"type\":\"query\"}]"},{"dehydratedAt":1792306354667,"state":{"data":{"json":{"path":{"archivedAt":null,"id":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","slug":"operating-systems","title":"Operating Systems","description":"Master Operating Systems from fundamentals to advanced concepts. This comprehensive path covers processes, threads, memory management, file systems, I/O, virtualization, and distributed systems with 47 chapters and 1201+ pages.","image":null,"color":"#EF4444","keyTopics":["Process Management","Thread Synchronization","Memory Management","Virtual Memory","File Systems","I/O Systems","Virtualization","Distributed Systems"],"estimatedHours":196.8,"problemCount":0,"visualizerCount":0,"quizCount":0,"learningCount":236,"difficulty":"INTERMEDIATE","idealFor":["Computer Science students","Systems programmers","Backend engineers","Anyone preparing for systems interviews"],"prerequisites":["Basic programming (C preferred)","Understanding of computer architecture","Basic data structures knowledge"],"skillsGained":["Process and thread management","Synchronization primitives","Memory management techniques","File system design","System call implementation","Performance optimization"],"outcomes":["Understand OS internals deeply","Debug systems-level issues","Design concurrent programs","Optimize system performance","Prepare for systems interviews","Build OS components"],"overview":"This comprehensive learning path takes you from OS fundamentals to advanced systems concepts, preparing you for systems programming and interviews.\n\n**What you'll learn:**\n• OS History and Evolution\n• Process management and scheduling\n• Thread synchronization and concurrency\n• Memory management and virtual memory\n• File systems and storage\n• I/O systems and device drivers\n• Virtualization and containers\n• Distributed systems concepts\n• Security and protection\n• Modern OS topics\n\nEach topic includes detailed explanations with practical examples.","createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.111Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:34.121Z","modules":[{"id":"seed_0989bba9c801e30c2f8d8fbcccc160fb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"What Is an Operating System?","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"what-is-an-operating-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_278c9ae478c38253aee9fe527920752b","title":"Definition and Purpose of Operating Systems","order":0},{"id":"seed_eb3f63d66d764183186be76cc3bdbcca","title":"Operating System as Resource Manager","order":1},{"id":"seed_e471bc0b86753fda800b1adffa14b88b","title":"Operating System as Extended Machine","order":2},{"id":"seed_2f157f9b0deca4fb93599ead66226ddf","title":"User View vs System View","order":3},{"id":"seed_6f1a89bb5e63636b5d6f6990cc5d9132","title":"Design Goals of Operating Systems","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b0818c91ff08af47baa34eb62858f66c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"History of Operating Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"history-of-operating-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_4859dff402f74362e5338edf09fbe19f","title":"Batch Systems: The Birth of Operating Systems","order":0},{"id":"seed_df72002367b99e2edf9752ab575caf8c","title":"Multiprogrammed Systems: Maximizing CPU Utilization","order":1},{"id":"seed_0ec46334114f9e7f1d4c842c8896882e","title":"Time-Sharing Systems: The Interactive Computing Revolution","order":2},{"id":"seed_1643ee5595ef51a52aeae19593925098","title":"Personal Computers: Computing for Everyone","order":3},{"id":"seed_7dbf3006a153b4e80e22b2e3b49c932a","title":"Modern OS Evolution: From Mobile to Cloud","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2ccef563a867bb7804728aac2ec8898b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Types of Operating Systems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"types-of-operating-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b9bb4c6bf237405b13267d1eaaf3f4df","title":"Batch Operating Systems","order":0},{"id":"seed_474fe55857065c339cd412dedd55bc42","title":"Multi-tasking and Time-sharing Systems","order":1},{"id":"seed_1a14e01a02772f1b12bb95d9b8da786c","title":"Real-time Operating Systems","order":2},{"id":"seed_83cad6017b678dd8638a32f3b69ccd67","title":"Distributed Operating Systems","order":3},{"id":"seed_fcdf838017b1cfd28344713f42963128","title":"Embedded Operating Systems","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_837ca9e393dfaed490f4c2ab1d0c7b9b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Operating System Services","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"operating-system-services","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6711dbd333b981427a62d41c69934180","title":"User Interface Services","order":0},{"id":"seed_d9c7d90c7c01a78c5236d96e70db2fbf","title":"Program Execution Services","order":1},{"id":"seed_a0a37b97d6c7afa01c881a948c0696c3","title":"I/O Operations","order":2},{"id":"seed_3635d93aa28618d8fa2819564d6d0fbd","title":"File System Manipulation","order":3},{"id":"seed_eb27afe77339debd5fe3e715b0f49825","title":"Communication Services","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e450fe77a88991a07a3d5c98dbc9e1c9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Operating System Structure","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"operating-system-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b5435a977320424ab045528a5e2a638d","title":"Understanding OS Architecture — From Monolithic Origins to Modern Structures","order":0},{"id":"seed_4625ba57853b536f6996ed335035398e","title":"Layered Operating System Architecture — Abstraction Through Hierarchy","order":1},{"id":"seed_4fa6dfcd5f7df7fbcd8bae14230ef9a1","title":"Microkernel Architecture — Minimalism and Isolation","order":2},{"id":"seed_221c79cf107067afb9e364493f830e5e","title":"Loadable Kernel Modules — Dynamic Extension of Monolithic Kernels","order":3},{"id":"seed_ce037bc8a7993efefa2968c41d222f6f","title":"Hybrid Operating Systems — Pragmatic Architecture for the Real World","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_bfc441947857a25112da5292201b9944","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 1: Introduction To Operating Systems","sectionOrder":1,"title":"Design Goals and Tradeoffs in Operating Systems","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"design-goals-and-tradeoffs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ea6f255bbaebbb668c7dd002ff372145","title":"Efficiency vs Convenience","order":0},{"id":"seed_47197a0466f0a3576972d91bcafe8061","title":"Flexibility vs Simplicity","order":1},{"id":"seed_5ceb970d0d11c931df25f6b9b0c8d123","title":"Security vs Usability","order":2},{"id":"seed_7059205b380dbf20e72223bd6138b01d","title":"Portability Considerations","order":3},{"id":"seed_c3edc689710e3d4e7da5e36445979420","title":"Policy vs Mechanism","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_86da1ea83ce7927e2a15080b95fef560","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"von Neumann Architecture","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"von-neumann-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e19d8e053ce09c3776fbfe9f2acf1016","title":"The Stored Program Concept - The Revolutionary Foundation","order":0},{"id":"seed_60e613ae321ef909e1e265e7cc81fd3a","title":"CPU, Memory, and I/O - The Trinity of Computing","order":1},{"id":"seed_79d79ef2118991fd83737fdc80ee0fdc","title":"Bus Architecture - The Communication Backbone","order":2},{"id":"seed_ce52e3e566c7fc03486062e8b451e321","title":"The Instruction Cycle - Fetch, Decode, Execute","order":3},{"id":"seed_b090e606d08ab10f1f280fa8fed71bc2","title":"The von Neumann Bottleneck - Limitations and Modern Solutions","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_468b82c6119325a617edc0f311cbe3f3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"CPU Execution Modes","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cpu-execution-modes","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_29aa0426c1b2143323a9d64c87141b33","title":"User Mode","order":0},{"id":"seed_8d17444b36e30e6f33d999dacaa080c5","title":"Kernel Mode (Supervisor Mode)","order":1},{"id":"seed_ffdc56cc63787505562d18a97229bf60","title":"Mode Bit","order":2},{"id":"seed_e8d0d74f8fb744f3b154a156ee70c915","title":"Privileged Instructions","order":3},{"id":"seed_52813e97aed5897e33db98830d26d7ba","title":"Mode Switching","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_45eef80b7025070c0c4404de5a533b71","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"Memory Hierarchy: From Registers to Disk","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-hierarchy","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2e152b0b62d5176d400b6a5154b49df5","title":"Registers — The Fastest Tier of the Memory Hierarchy","order":0},{"id":"seed_6f7e10e6695a575bef6818cc9f90872a","title":"Cache Memory (L1, L2, L3) — The Critical Performance Tier","order":1},{"id":"seed_6cd1f1b5d3dcb8ca2036a3faf434956a","title":"Main Memory (RAM) — The Primary System Memory","order":2},{"id":"seed_43a3a4ad63de87335d075857888c6b47","title":"Secondary Storage — Persistent Memory and Mass Storage","order":3},{"id":"seed_52a5d6f70fad43e1fb3e66f2fe530cb1","title":"Access Times and Tradeoffs — The Economics of Memory Hierarchy","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_980787327dac546179c8d7ab893f8e4d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"Interrupts and Exceptions","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"interrupts-and-exceptions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7ead2a8e9b3aa8166f2d4c58b7a9ff82","title":"Hardware Interrupts","order":0},{"id":"seed_6f435656bf65067b90137ec51b86ac0a","title":"Software Interrupts (Traps)","order":1},{"id":"seed_516b73f31cb2fbd845caf2a50d1af565","title":"Interrupt Handling","order":2},{"id":"seed_0941d29130f63b80a0ab7fa279d56229","title":"Interrupt Vector Table","order":3},{"id":"seed_0801d78d5b3b846e9c9d4b953062876d","title":"Interrupt Priority","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_f6e1083fa8c58d5bd8c75a27d235251e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"I/O Architecture: How the CPU Communicates with the World","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_c6d5a14c94ed8039e81b9441e9e3dc44","title":"I/O Ports: The Gateway to Peripheral Communication","order":0},{"id":"seed_e6a0bf4396f0e549ffceb6e721b8fb74","title":"Memory-Mapped I/O: Unifying Device Access with Memory Semantics","order":1},{"id":"seed_ed01ee8d73e52f14ea7f3685d00b567f","title":"Programmed I/O: The CPU as Data Mover","order":2},{"id":"seed_ceab336d1baa55ae5bb76a075a32309e","title":"Interrupt-Driven I/O: Asynchronous Device Communication","order":3},{"id":"seed_a0dcdae45ed172b4f390e42dd89a8485","title":"DMA: Direct Memory Access for Maximum Throughput","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d0557b0f349b5f70f81e2748910e3005","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 2: Computer Architecture Fundamentals","sectionOrder":2,"title":"Cache Coherence and Memory Consistency","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cache-coherence","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:31.633Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6506911bda9ab17a220d25bea9e3f59d","title":"Cache Hierarchy","order":0},{"id":"seed_7140d174d083d7fed8afc774baa83fc9","title":"Cache Lines","order":1},{"id":"seed_2100afb79c8c3356bb0ac14237480ec3","title":"Write-Through vs Write-Back","order":2},{"id":"seed_6a1ffdaa1721da5cb8f318ddbb941e3a","title":"Cache Coherence Problem","order":3},{"id":"seed_c426a78629c5ea5b4efb979d521deadc","title":"Coherence Protocols (MESI)","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a81fd6898d35ccf59a1cbaaca8e8a659","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Monolithic Kernels: The Traditional OS Architecture","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"monolithic-kernels","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_eeaaab0ff4c0d744b95f29d01a77a17d","title":"All Services in Kernel Space","order":0},{"id":"seed_1d96d1dfd23b462e826d09e460a312f8","title":"Linux Kernel Example","order":1},{"id":"seed_9795a8791c2b853f7c7ac06034e0ec9c","title":"Advantages: Performance","order":2},{"id":"seed_13603578cddbfe98a945b7076a9ee013","title":"Disadvantages: Complexity","order":3},{"id":"seed_954527360bcd76e92b0a3bc19bbd8956","title":"Modular Monolithic","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2e766749fc8e4bec70ebefe52f4f3e43","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Microkernel Architecture","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"microkernel-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e07c060b5e7513d65aa26547dbedb344","title":"Minimal Kernel","order":0},{"id":"seed_035e3ae081674c57d1e73940b2adeb36","title":"User-Space Servers","order":1},{"id":"seed_d8812ed31fbb1ea21af2db7dc1fe33e2","title":"Message Passing","order":2},{"id":"seed_bf9b5fe4683ebe12ff56703d53d686bd","title":"Mach, MINIX, QNX","order":3},{"id":"seed_17a6f72d63d45adba951586972013d6f","title":"Advantages and Limitations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e072f947c9ab98b98e7e0762b2084ce6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Hybrid Kernels","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hybrid-kernels","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_56fd145cc2c51431424d91facb15d6df","title":"Windows NT Architecture","order":0},{"id":"seed_09f47dac9b22fabff39214d553b98fad","title":"macOS (XNU)","order":1},{"id":"seed_bd8ba56f67c3d4419ff67f51a3ed79eb","title":"Combining Approaches","order":2},{"id":"seed_394c5774ac7af58d724cb7812a6d1c6d","title":"Performance Considerations","order":3},{"id":"seed_16300ff7851d71727b38723a03a4b0d3","title":"Real-world Examples","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ecc734779008ee009eb0a4ffbc502498","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Loadable Kernel Modules","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"loadable-kernel-modules","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_916d89aee47ded271f219de4f74c0615","title":"Dynamic Loading","order":0},{"id":"seed_8ca91b64b0e5068b79f4f7561ad0847c","title":"Linux Modules (.ko)","order":1},{"id":"seed_3a9cac656ac43ff858a01830738a1b90","title":"Advantages","order":2},{"id":"seed_e82b129395c6ac3fb4fac699f0de72d3","title":"Module Management","order":3},{"id":"seed_d4a00303bcb0ea9454dbc6a8ae631c83","title":"Security Implications","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9d115c9f3ae3b4f29f09606f3eff588f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Boot Process","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"boot-process","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7020420fedf7d4852725adfa242b7ed7","title":"BIOS/UEFI","order":0},{"id":"seed_80fa610f264a212a453cce30b948027c","title":"Bootloader (GRUB)","order":1},{"id":"seed_6e9ad88fff0754efbe7a41d016c2332d","title":"Kernel Loading","order":2},{"id":"seed_ec7065aac1a2576ea551af42d59948c3","title":"Init Process","order":3},{"id":"seed_c90f6ef28db0f2f220b619153c299c54","title":"System Initialization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_82148746a8bc2509227f2483fa9e58cd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 3: Os Structures","sectionOrder":3,"title":"Virtual Machines","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtual-machines","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f011a2c2a17305a9cb5fede7c24073ec","title":"Type 1 Hypervisors: The Bare-Metal Foundation","order":0},{"id":"seed_89db3eb4163481ec548f43452fa5c6a7","title":"Type 2 Hypervisors: Virtualization on the Desktop","order":1},{"id":"seed_2692366b1bb000792768c8cd2a81b588","title":"Benefits for OS Development: The VM Revolution","order":2},{"id":"seed_b4965bc3a05d66749cb7c09befc9ead3","title":"Hardware Virtualization Support: Silicon Enabling Software","order":3},{"id":"seed_7bfd3bd6d1ebdf4952ab88e88c5908ad","title":"OS-Level Virtualization: Containers and Beyond","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b7f231e822013edf953a1f54b39cdd64","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"System Call Mechanism","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"system-call-mechanism","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e3f502242d89469640497f76e6c0e09c","title":"User to Kernel Transition","order":0},{"id":"seed_d2045f2679a5112a92fb2718ee90bca8","title":"Trap Instruction","order":1},{"id":"seed_232a392d9cc9343d63805f827e1929c2","title":"System Call Number","order":2},{"id":"seed_e549cc980c5ea1cd925663d2790f69bc","title":"Parameter Passing","order":3},{"id":"seed_3a6367432d240219106e46cdfab95b76","title":"Return to User Mode","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1f5af05d88b718fb8bad812f1c507b13","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"System Call Types","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"system-call-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b5926c9e8bd269e66cb9bbc19d7741ef","title":"Process Control System Calls","order":0},{"id":"seed_cc268204e6cb3f6a4672545f6079d717","title":"File Management System Calls","order":1},{"id":"seed_1bc1423f2aded3ebe6ec03ec709745cd","title":"Device Management System Calls","order":2},{"id":"seed_035b28512bde84fddc710d3c2c30df07","title":"Information Maintenance System Calls","order":3},{"id":"seed_f3f7191ca648ebd93bb83476895e7917","title":"Communication System Calls","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_0ff105e065cd1375b969a854613682f1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"POSIX Interface: The Portable Operating System Standard","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"posix-interface","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_fe467e09bf4c75bbaa90272c1b27bcb0","title":"The POSIX Standard","order":0},{"id":"seed_9d21fb056883fe5cabf3d76936583d3f","title":"Common POSIX Calls","order":1},{"id":"seed_9702cea32495bfea2a907b6b40c20826","title":"Portability Benefits","order":2},{"id":"seed_432cbe4dc69d4c3cbdb445813faf9e70","title":"POSIX Compliance","order":3},{"id":"seed_a44cb348daa6888ef153002fe668d8c8","title":"Real-World Usage","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_80f17dc5d70a0bae02aa38ac830d5dae","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"Windows API","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"windows-api","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_9a15aa27153496f5a007607123a9a889","title":"Win32/Win64 API","order":0},{"id":"seed_6d01d071ec7a2bdab1cd2cce91bb530a","title":"Windows System Calls","order":1},{"id":"seed_3a4e180aeaa6e6fa29e83ce1b57cd9d8","title":"Handle-Based Access","order":2},{"id":"seed_1b92a391b697dcfaca1c4f77b13abf55","title":"Registry Operations","order":3},{"id":"seed_7ed27e5df8d1ec7a1e9a1c2ebea4cd6e","title":"Comparison with POSIX","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4b4dbf12032d712927f668a6e1fc3d0b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls And Api","sectionOrder":4,"title":"Library Functions vs System Calls","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"library-functions-vs-system-calls","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_9637b57aadbe7d187eb290c0bdb714be","title":"C Library (libc)","order":0},{"id":"seed_fbc30861934470c56115cd9fa653cb78","title":"Buffering in Libraries","order":1},{"id":"seed_2902533a8c698a48b2fd8a4cee8f7ade","title":"Performance Considerations","order":2},{"id":"seed_38659c8fdedadf841e2f029fbeecc522","title":"When to Use Each","order":3},{"id":"seed_1ededd2103e2642f4a5ced15274c25d5","title":"strace and Debugging","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9021890711dd458837c4f54fbd4973c5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 4: System Calls Api","sectionOrder":5,"title":"System Call Implementation","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"system-call-implementation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6b92703e70bea1f1d1bd0cf69d7a8a87","title":"User-Space Wrapper","order":0},{"id":"seed_685771b2baf59cff7bcd2109d332d43e","title":"Context Switch","order":1},{"id":"seed_d2ff3f0c2cc11f99bf297272fd459a0d","title":"Kernel Handler","order":2},{"id":"seed_0f8b69d03c5b7be90115a2747fb4003a","title":"Parameter Validation","order":3},{"id":"seed_4b6ebf41c1502dfab7f61b20c1b7bcb6","title":"Error Handling","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_077f486143700610ae3fc15ec7dca0d2","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process Definition","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-definition","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f661166fd2d767ffc100f34869deb57f","title":"Program vs Process","order":0},{"id":"seed_a6e62fa71cb0e543aaabf8049899ba02","title":"Process as Execution Unit","order":1},{"id":"seed_ef5b7b04224b3cef336f6329270d00f1","title":"Multiple Instances","order":2},{"id":"seed_57676a32efdad679157537d0339c1f0d","title":"Process Characteristics","order":3},{"id":"seed_e701f4cc920f3ead636dddd01a75c27b","title":"Process Lifecycle","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d60354496ce5346a5f33ab1e9b4b67ba","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process Control Block (PCB)","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-control-block","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6f261344b4ce60d41b373cb75f7dc7a4","title":"PCB Contents: The Process Identity Card","order":0},{"id":"seed_27bf9c16d3e176fdbb09b33d3bcb83bb","title":"Process State: The Lifecycle Status Indicator","order":1},{"id":"seed_3ecc25dfd8d81d37c4cef45c56aabe8e","title":"Program Counter: The Execution Bookmark","order":2},{"id":"seed_a8083736b2f7eaeee5f070c408edc3bc","title":"CPU Registers: The Complete Execution State","order":3},{"id":"seed_9ac365b14e8455c50b06674ff82ac19f","title":"Memory Management Info: Tracking the Virtual Address Space","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_932edb67e048a2aa3949ccad1c000032","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process States","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-states","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_bd8f7da2708bf20984cc2fc447a707e8","title":"New State: Process Creation and Admission","order":0},{"id":"seed_aa2c18534775b952ab3c87bf7d1d49be","title":"Ready State: Waiting for CPU Allocation","order":1},{"id":"seed_7137ffcf9098093754461f63dea213fb","title":"Running State: Active CPU Execution","order":2},{"id":"seed_d37b602d2d42538b8d50854ec7f780b1","title":"Waiting (Blocked) State: Suspended Until Event","order":3},{"id":"seed_1c323f96cdb15963cb4668f8cefffdae","title":"Terminated State: Process Lifecycle Completion","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8b6f755f9699c9ea81bb12f165930890","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process State Transitions","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"state-transitions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7ee6e7e499364b786853d782789de32b","title":"Admit: New → Ready","order":0},{"id":"seed_b5d5d96f82adfe9d38b084fa432f6734","title":"Dispatch: Ready → Running","order":1},{"id":"seed_45f4acd74e6e0b8a3d9974a1ee2c61cb","title":"Timeout: Running → Ready","order":2},{"id":"seed_bdaf84ddc141ac62a5380684d6bd4189","title":"Block: Running → Waiting","order":3},{"id":"seed_f1a0392f0fb10945ba1d20377ac705a8","title":"Wake: Waiting → Ready","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4edfc277c91ec64c1fe2524c3a10dff7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Process Queues: Managing System Resources","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-queues","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_363dea7e9c19f3b3862279154c64f0cb","title":"Job Queue: The Complete System Perspective","order":0},{"id":"seed_c49427655efb61b50fe7be11666b6f8a","title":"Ready Queue: The Gateway to CPU Execution","order":1},{"id":"seed_de59ec740180e7fca8b123f1e8d5c9f0","title":"Device Queues: Managing I/O-Bound Processes","order":2},{"id":"seed_36726d60af8b4ebd242eee2a7583f477","title":"Queue Implementation: Data Structures for Process Management","order":3},{"id":"seed_b99917f3649a579be6a93fe6ad914632","title":"Queue Management: Policies, Balancing, and Optimization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_c548e97a99451cf65520d1c3ca157603","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 5: Process Concepts","sectionOrder":6,"title":"Context Switching: The Heart of Multitasking","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"context-switching","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b5125625ad5a7c9d0936e7ce19a81acb","title":"What Triggers Context Switch","order":0},{"id":"seed_34fd1ed2a87e9cdc3a82e8c2d50ee163","title":"Saving Context: Preserving Execution State","order":1},{"id":"seed_105c9d3a7fd505169f5560f365fd73fb","title":"Restoring Context: Resuming Execution","order":2},{"id":"seed_90de57d08acd663aadc619b102eef418","title":"Context Switch Overhead: The Hidden Performance Cost","order":3},{"id":"seed_80c4e2833a9a0dde113221d73b90065e","title":"Minimizing Context Switches: Strategies for Performance","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d3b0ef17f2731b131288d4e78876410b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"Process Creation","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-creation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_05af6c8a412f9ad9bd679ee50f840dca","title":"Parent-Child Relationship","order":0},{"id":"seed_2a4067d803c9ef3d97a97cc1a5324343","title":"Process Tree","order":1},{"id":"seed_aa1554856b374fe3023a20928a495acc","title":"Resource Sharing Options","order":2},{"id":"seed_7b0db8e9cdd57a8ba2796a71f7d07979","title":"Execution Options","order":3},{"id":"seed_1b81cf45a800851d21f4b2a04c0661c8","title":"Address Space Options","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_188e252485047268d55ce1e8d6010d59","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"The fork() System Call","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fork-system-call","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_106e78f6772907031048bbb916c6cc21","title":"fork() Semantics","order":0},{"id":"seed_0fb95669d6fb8c5a26517075f24a10c7","title":"Return Values","order":1},{"id":"seed_bedabd7b781fd78d6eacee2fcf84ab92","title":"Copy-on-Write","order":2},{"id":"seed_49166e44df252cb3e1c2c11ea35079c9","title":"Parent vs Child Execution","order":3},{"id":"seed_710d3f0bf4dc69cf28534e444b0052a7","title":"Fork Bombs and Prevention","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_67342be312dd695308c4d12f84ebfbc3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"The exec() Family of System Calls","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"exec-family","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_935784fb98b3325b0a90a6f920e57071","title":"exec() Variants","order":0},{"id":"seed_397e88bb5aced4a40c04c05b0507e428","title":"Replacing the Process Image","order":1},{"id":"seed_428838788b6ceb3984e9d3a58900b861","title":"Argument Passing","order":2},{"id":"seed_5d8ab3e699ed5ad4f130366e39391b94","title":"Environment Variables","order":3},{"id":"seed_78c0d9b5cfed54c85bc83190ce4b2880","title":"The Fork-Exec Pattern","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_57250ecb2cb222d18431a0df69ea7d38","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"Process Termination","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"process-termination","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b16171af2c587e3ff60693ebc9293f71","title":"Normal Termination (exit)","order":0},{"id":"seed_8eb1f11798c1fb65827e6bdfd3097574","title":"Abnormal Termination","order":1},{"id":"seed_528b0288426dbbee035a83cf48f03f91","title":"Return Status","order":2},{"id":"seed_8524441c7242194002d565463e30970c","title":"Resource Cleanup","order":3},{"id":"seed_2cfe768cd822fb15de0fc98a2d290d3e","title":"Cascading Termination","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_07a7906e50bf512fc33e1f702cd10a6d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation And Termination","sectionOrder":7,"title":"Orphans and Zombies: Handling Parent-Child Process Anomalies","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"orphans-and-zombies","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_417ebf555c05e71ee26c52772f402ef5","title":"Orphan Processes: When Parents Vanish","order":0},{"id":"seed_98210842eedb129f848f3019611f5dc9","title":"Adoption by init: The Universal Foster Parent","order":1},{"id":"seed_1925830da210229241fb8eeb85d1b1dc","title":"Zombie Processes: The Undead of Unix","order":2},{"id":"seed_eb9ceb67c375ba229193669f102db191","title":"Zombie Accumulation: When the Dead Overwhelm the Living","order":3},{"id":"seed_7cb9cba4b68687afd3f0cb2fdf3a347a","title":"Prevention Strategies: Building Robust Process Management","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4d33225e45483b73ca9b58a507cf087b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 6: Process Creation Termination","sectionOrder":8,"title":"wait() and waitpid() System Calls","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"wait-and-waitpid","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_590ebee6828e9df20bf522e9a2fd0026","title":"Waiting for Children","order":0},{"id":"seed_749566aa098933514cf7f10d31212232","title":"Collecting Exit Status","order":1},{"id":"seed_af29589cb5bc60e41fbc6ca0fa39c8b4","title":"Blocking vs Non-blocking","order":2},{"id":"seed_7fe8b0aa2c4b6bedf01e90476e631967","title":"Handling Multiple Children","order":3},{"id":"seed_8dd0c79ee21e80f703ad30cc51fee30b","title":"Status Macros","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_20a9c35106e25d5006789fb949a26a78","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"IPC Overview","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ipc-overview","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f3754521c03369fdd2b0e30e504526d8","title":"Why IPC is Needed","order":0},{"id":"seed_a2e1d86999d5422ad93ed8987ccf947c","title":"Shared Memory Model","order":1},{"id":"seed_b545b8ec8dbb15f0d56db942677b6d54","title":"Message Passing Model","order":2},{"id":"seed_379f9bc11538e06ff47ac761d96e3ff6","title":"Comparison: Shared Memory vs Message Passing","order":3},{"id":"seed_3b50b6a9bff23b97d7f61b15b0be75e4","title":"Choosing the Right IPC Mechanism","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_6938a68a7cc9e78c966d4b5a5e3dfda8","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Pipes – Fundamental IPC Mechanism","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"pipes","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a581a988f66e3f2ef9dfb459a8f99ff6","title":"Anonymous Pipes","order":0},{"id":"seed_57bc37d43f9fa72a607c74e900062909","title":"The pipe() System Call","order":1},{"id":"seed_425b3c6809a21810f5e292a0589345c6","title":"Unidirectional Communication","order":2},{"id":"seed_797373c9b913c25e04e16bd3c186f527","title":"Parent-Child Communication","order":3},{"id":"seed_ec5044706b8b65d6e0665260043863a9","title":"Pipe Limitations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2c83fc712179dd03bf000225ec6e304b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Named Pipes (FIFOs): Persistent Inter-Process Communication","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"named-pipes-fifos","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_194adc33f833af9b752faff15e6f9cf2","title":"FIFO Creation: Building Named Pipes from the Ground Up","order":0},{"id":"seed_128a5eb26a3d90ce23ac8d1b9472b4ca","title":"Unrelated Process Communication: The Power of Named Pipes","order":1},{"id":"seed_008fe8a4dba4a5135079dfea8ecabb18","title":"Blocking Behavior: Mastering FIFO Synchronization Semantics","order":2},{"id":"seed_7ba2c95616f465223e23800a29203d8f","title":"FIFO Limitations: Understanding the Boundaries","order":3},{"id":"seed_6da86cde6e82e4cc17d7bdf3b8ae0bd6","title":"Use Cases: FIFOs in Real-World Systems","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b8be570290835678ecc04f0652594858","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Message Queues","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-message-queues","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7923dc51b4e4e1e8f6c1be97989b6b79","title":"System V Message Queues","order":0},{"id":"seed_bc0c2210b51587ba99beb37fd4902880","title":"POSIX Message Queues","order":1},{"id":"seed_0e6d7e631c076dc6e9f1ccaaab99b25a","title":"Message Types","order":2},{"id":"seed_cde9ce23c65e857e8e1e4f85fe1133ae","title":"Priority Ordering","order":3},{"id":"seed_0e5318286e45e09ca356fc057a65c04b","title":"Advantages of Message Queues","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b37f87427b64dbe1b3606c3b7d5253a9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Shared Memory: The Fastest IPC Mechanism","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"shared-memory","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a4f9b83ca7cf8f4ca36c59f18f8717ba","title":"Creating Shared Memory","order":0},{"id":"seed_6cd0d82667257a67a4c7262632f1dbcb","title":"Attaching and Detaching Shared Memory","order":1},{"id":"seed_32a7ac1cdd2636669dbf3fb01b5242f0","title":"Synchronization Requirements","order":2},{"id":"seed_392b25adb8b835ef3004a6f7c226da91","title":"Performance Benefits","order":3},{"id":"seed_732f1812188a6b4585f1a500aab6cd15","title":"POSIX Shared Memory","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8a100b935bf7f5cba81a227fd2bb1cf4","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 7: Inter Process Communication","sectionOrder":9,"title":"Signals: Software Interrupts for Process Communication","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"signals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ae3e59be4d863eb4061ac7f488c3dccc","title":"Signal Concepts: Understanding Software Interrupts","order":0},{"id":"seed_af19186d4ae7974138e3d7dacce0ddac","title":"Common Signals: The UNIX Signal Vocabulary","order":1},{"id":"seed_e78f8894db83fac0aa4cc5fa8e57f20d","title":"Signal Handlers: Installing and Implementing Correctly","order":2},{"id":"seed_04820d03c131490b35774360dd345eea","title":"Sending Signals: Inter-Process Signal Transmission","order":3},{"id":"seed_206490b3de4d2ac4bcc3a03baaa69e39","title":"Signal Reliability: Edge Cases and Robustness","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_42c2a0ddd8fc2bf250e986feb527df3b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Scheduling Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"scheduling-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_9bcee6f099cb80334b0a14816cb3e401","title":"CPU Burst and I/O Burst","order":0},{"id":"seed_072d0ce3da6ae15e164b5526620d305e","title":"CPU-bound vs I/O-bound","order":1},{"id":"seed_f687887fc0c51b3b15feabe57ef9d8ae","title":"Preemptive vs Non-preemptive","order":2},{"id":"seed_9ef6f93eb0623d8b358a890405be5fd3","title":"Scheduling Criteria","order":3},{"id":"seed_f4a46c572912bd0e38dbf1aecb53ca5a","title":"Dispatcher","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_87bec7889b7fec9ebcc318cdbd6a0559","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"First-Come, First-Served (FCFS)","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"first-come-first-served","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_42df6610fd5b682e073a941f877f68d7","title":"FCFS Algorithm","order":0},{"id":"seed_f2b8195464f72ee16384b46cf5da44c4","title":"FIFO Queue","order":1},{"id":"seed_630433e828d99ac6a7a1e2f249b64cb4","title":"Convoy Effect","order":2},{"id":"seed_29820586d93df0829587968e9deecc04","title":"Advantages and Limitations","order":3},{"id":"seed_e4c6dc736137a42df5e8e4e452384bad","title":"Gantt Chart Analysis","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_87b81c518aed7bd3cdb4482412c43e90","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Shortest Job First (SJF) & SRTF","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"sjf-and-srtf","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_9c1d79c23a916288346090ded0ac25e6","title":"SJF Algorithm","order":0},{"id":"seed_8af84d46462e3575484dd39d8b353fcd","title":"Optimal for Average Wait Time","order":1},{"id":"seed_d2d005dbbe497ebdcee442a4e9100ea8","title":"Prediction Challenges","order":2},{"id":"seed_88f6d6501f920c73a5200eaf32c11b37","title":"SRTF (Preemptive SJF)","order":3},{"id":"seed_85982fd92e5a87d8d0ca75995a58f12c","title":"Starvation Problem","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_aa42e026909c36d09b71b4e929d0f830","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"LRTF & HRRN Scheduling Algorithms","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"lrtf-and-hrrn","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_968978d18fa0014292eb80ff859c9a1b","title":"Longest Remaining Time First (LRTF)","order":0},{"id":"seed_49625642b40089a99dfcd220735756d7","title":"Highest Response Ratio Next (HRRN)","order":1},{"id":"seed_e9a284c15f20a1db94a9faf17acbd422","title":"Response Ratio Formula: Mathematical Foundations","order":2},{"id":"seed_9e213d97de7390ae1bae2405ccc3f938","title":"Aging Mechanism: Preventing Starvation","order":3},{"id":"seed_dc5c951843f6e954e6d980cd9822645c","title":"Comprehensive Algorithm Comparison","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2cf39c51ad3b333119373b476d1a7a2d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Priority Scheduling","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"priority-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_5aac9d15127bd193c24e6e86d046ca99","title":"Priority Assignment","order":0},{"id":"seed_b4e6676da9ecd674aab0ec10dbc61850","title":"Preemptive vs Non-Preemptive Priority Scheduling","order":1},{"id":"seed_7cf9c2e19b6bf65dec67338c4e0e1876","title":"The Starvation Problem","order":2},{"id":"seed_879d6cba0cf0f7d6a4cfbbbfee49363a","title":"The Aging Solution","order":3},{"id":"seed_30fedf1a791f121b9bc24db117305eec","title":"Multiple Priority Levels","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a654fb84db3346da0c6d9bc83d4d5d58","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 8: Cpu Scheduling","sectionOrder":10,"title":"Round Robin & Multi-Level Queue Scheduling","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"round-robin-and-multi-level-queue","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d454696bee2f33891cac67b1ffc0bc0c","title":"Round Robin Algorithm","order":0},{"id":"seed_2d20b2d5a2157b9babded9b835f4b5b6","title":"Time Quantum Selection","order":1},{"id":"seed_859dd27e5e0628345ea6bb85fdd7980c","title":"Multi-Level Queue Scheduling","order":2},{"id":"seed_600a91dbf58d5f094ec4dcdca1d15f96","title":"Multi-Level Feedback Queue (MLFQ)","order":3},{"id":"seed_c8b08229ce44afe621501ac83de8501e","title":"Queue Movement Policies","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_84d9ae211ca63350c5015c92962347ce","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Thread Fundamentals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-fundamentals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_399ce97a5f8e1a25817472639cc18f85","title":"Thread Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_8ff1b83f7a0294a1c3d6f573fc44e3c4","title":"Thread vs Process","order":1},{"id":"seed_834c593cf67c9faf6df99a506141505f","title":"Shared Resources","order":2},{"id":"seed_f58e546d4986506bc8c19ccbf2571294","title":"Thread-Specific Resources","order":3},{"id":"seed_315c91a70224453dac463d1fdee707d9","title":"Benefits of Threading","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e8de0944542297d2927e25437ca5ff5c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"User-Level Threads","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"user-level-threads","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1ba9d36e4037fe7a4a9c80bb085b3c5b","title":"Thread Library in User Space","order":0},{"id":"seed_3926ef4d89250fbe9fda34f347822a4c","title":"Fast Context Switching","order":1},{"id":"seed_a196b67cdc937e19f88bd6db5bfa25a0","title":"No Kernel Awareness","order":2},{"id":"seed_c9a8873c258f06bce2ac6a7986e5d5de","title":"The Blocking Problem","order":3},{"id":"seed_35bc7cbdf64e9e56fcdac415c9662409","title":"Green Threads","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d65203d8191335be6756f1fc3662f58a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Kernel-Level Threads","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"kernel-level-threads","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_548b1a9d118e3e0424f3020253bc7fb6","title":"Kernel Thread Support","order":0},{"id":"seed_5d53ab95969d387fb9aae29f1c27547d","title":"System Call Per Thread","order":1},{"id":"seed_c9917f8b42feef9afc9be6b06965a025","title":"True Parallelism","order":2},{"id":"seed_c28861e7221c1e2a3943045d2f79f37a","title":"Overhead Considerations","order":3},{"id":"seed_aafdbe0e57df24a7c8236b5ab14d67bf","title":"Modern OS Support","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1147b92814dd4a879d191ad966fa2628","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Threading Models: Mapping User and Kernel Threads","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"threading-models","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_18d4f46b43a0cdc6f3a507bca8fddfb9","title":"Many-to-One Model","order":0},{"id":"seed_ad56a27c75a468dd2e4289dba918a2a1","title":"One-to-One Model","order":1},{"id":"seed_cfd2883dd23f422723a9c3a2c9d2bd3f","title":"Many-to-Many Model","order":2},{"id":"seed_a051369798002de599b2896cc35f7a16","title":"Two-Level Model","order":3},{"id":"seed_db5881b97ae56080e16361dd1f38763a","title":"Model Comparison","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_45942b7628dcb2c31cbc02a7ebf6953d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Thread Libraries","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-libraries","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_c50f51123bf9de885b2549998cee0da1","title":"Pthreads (POSIX Threads)","order":0},{"id":"seed_b29d96d502f9fe200a5e76fbc942709f","title":"Windows Threads","order":1},{"id":"seed_1ac2e5e6e178404a0bf67f93c9a23bce","title":"Java Threads","order":2},{"id":"seed_ae0c57fffa2be5e61f5a098b0ffe5425","title":"Thread Creation","order":3},{"id":"seed_c1c183a0944f0c8d26c8a172fcce5a06","title":"Thread Joining","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a75092c3cf00c5ca285943bbca9958f3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 9: Thread Concepts","sectionOrder":11,"title":"Thread Issues","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-issues","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a6f7c4ffd98366ceb0bda3e8be04325f","title":"Thread Cancellation","order":0},{"id":"seed_db431e8277e44654b22ba0749d5d4793","title":"Signal Handling in Threads","order":1},{"id":"seed_e039bd5ab06d15e017cdcfab4a72c7cb","title":"Thread-Local Storage","order":2},{"id":"seed_ab395df003a8047759d9b6aeaa9eecb6","title":"Thread Safety","order":3},{"id":"seed_83f2a2d46145cfb9927217cf3d8a6a0f","title":"Reentrancy","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_7712ba1c01e9ee5fabc424b5c4723c99","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Concurrency Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"concurrency-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a3ba0eada198e12cf7af15f1490b5d07","title":"Concurrency vs Parallelism","order":0},{"id":"seed_6feea0ce4e08635948ffda5201cda15a","title":"Sequential Consistency","order":1},{"id":"seed_f5a174050a5fc2d15c26a0248f321e0b","title":"Data Races","order":2},{"id":"seed_744d88251689bf21f9aa0f490e2b3e9c","title":"Critical Regions","order":3},{"id":"seed_621772faee12e9f995395b56ca39797c","title":"Atomicity","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_fd5bc15b164eadabd248b2006512dbaf","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Fork-Join Model","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fork-join-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6fe42aeffa9ac01bba83832954bd5edc","title":"Fork Operation","order":0},{"id":"seed_a3a254ef4d815b1af638ac90123c5efa","title":"Join Operation","order":1},{"id":"seed_d8bd60ab19be8295e573368152d9ebbd","title":"Task Decomposition","order":2},{"id":"seed_91868ffc5975bc2488369b07afd49216","title":"Java Fork/Join Framework","order":3},{"id":"seed_e9121c52a61376f6ad2187359545392a","title":"Parallel Divide-and-Conquer","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2a7bf29b720b17371ef92b924755cc80","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"The parbegin-parend Model: Structured Concurrent Execution","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"parbegin-parend-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_baea6dcda92df8d550414c4b68866260","title":"Parallel Block Notation","order":0},{"id":"seed_16705c4853b179552d6fe455d7935de1","title":"Structured Parallelism","order":1},{"id":"seed_2a1bcb1b32289a3b5b8527051518bd11","title":"Cobegin-Coend","order":2},{"id":"seed_4a5f035b8560e651b32480f2f33b6f88","title":"Synchronization Points","order":3},{"id":"seed_6420b32a11e6e6182bb62e1d698912ff","title":"Academic Notation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1cee940d03b7febd2b73411f06a914fb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Thread Pools","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thread-pools","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1fc1c84f67d975106c40b9ddec21291a","title":"Pool Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_20043c1708f678366939102715962c60","title":"Worker Threads","order":1},{"id":"seed_65e2694550740b1823f6ca2ce27b1d12","title":"Task Queue","order":2},{"id":"seed_350066d857c3636a758b81c4c6f1090a","title":"Pool Sizing","order":3},{"id":"seed_4014206b36ba1556e9e4608abe801729","title":"Benefits","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_bfd74c13ce11b9491b087cf01dd8a168","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Asynchronous Programming","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"asynchronous-programming","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_9ee1a4d66acedb3d2bf3eb687533a80e","title":"Asynchronous Operations","order":0},{"id":"seed_31d069b8f415026cefef60116102469b","title":"Callbacks","order":1},{"id":"seed_cf0b0ab0064c2776415b45e4d39bf66c","title":"Futures and Promises","order":2},{"id":"seed_28e7b6716fd1a8c01003bc05a3a8c1d2","title":"Event Loops","order":3},{"id":"seed_0af6a5d6e2ba5a8494c31178eaa78409","title":"Async/Await Patterns","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_513e0e1ded7d6283caae3de9b896a46b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 10: Concurrent Programming","sectionOrder":12,"title":"Common Concurrency Patterns","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"common-concurrency-patterns","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_97f57d516f043c84bc4c8f456eb0575d","title":"Producer-Consumer Pattern","order":0},{"id":"seed_d5f5c156fcbf489314a9aaa597ef273d","title":"Reader-Writer Pattern","order":1},{"id":"seed_0f20b13c5e20be2665aac7b12e3dc1f5","title":"Pipeline Pattern","order":2},{"id":"seed_2cc8d9e6b14648998d5cbef798c4c84d","title":"Map-Reduce Pattern","order":3},{"id":"seed_45a4ca84cf970ea5a575b92d94624055","title":"Actor Model","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ec50e85045d715685069205035d72720","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Multi-Processor Scheduling","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"multi-processor-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_bd33f187a22d405b031995e39b8d62e6","title":"Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMP)","order":0},{"id":"seed_9e8c94bbbd80e74ffbf407ef530f4cdb","title":"Asymmetric Multiprocessing (AMP)","order":1},{"id":"seed_7fabc5144982237b244c3237e87a4e6d","title":"Processor Affinity","order":2},{"id":"seed_057fe332d5e49667102844e4859b6d5b","title":"Load Balancing","order":3},{"id":"seed_abe10384fb6f8cc107c563b490b6ffb4","title":"NUMA Considerations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_3f2fc1678dd6a01fde9a807692bba569","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Load Balancing in Multiprocessor Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-load-balancing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_5f81d9b47621626e9229e63f36d3f3ac","title":"Push Migration: Proactive Load Distribution","order":0},{"id":"seed_4511c9fc0afb0eb3a9a91ef4f9bbb46b","title":"Pull Migration: Demand-Driven Load Distribution","order":1},{"id":"seed_c56ec33efb315f1af16cfb001df73c99","title":"Work Stealing: Algorithmic Load Balancing","order":2},{"id":"seed_18bc9121a8a8bf51fc3c5574cccac339","title":"Balancing Frequency: The When of Load Distribution","order":3},{"id":"seed_2fd8efaeb25d379193ad95d215d4df82","title":"Metrics: Measuring Load and Balance Quality","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a550b0a396ce7fabcfdd5d852d88708c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Processor Affinity","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"processor-affinity","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e2e917838074a009a4d04798ef870aa4","title":"Soft Affinity","order":0},{"id":"seed_c18cfb21aa33766000f9eb50061f1cc4","title":"Hard Affinity","order":1},{"id":"seed_35ce5882bc8a374f483595e0f498de0d","title":"Cache Effects","order":2},{"id":"seed_100ea28857314bfc8587cc6497dc91da","title":"Setting Affinity","order":3},{"id":"seed_7bd43b8f4197ef51c5a2767ea488d507","title":"Performance Implications","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_dc62ac0fcc6707daf18963371012f01e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Real-Time Scheduling","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-cpu-scheduling-advanced-real-time-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_82cc248293d113d2fc20203ad0a8c53a","title":"Hard vs Soft Real-Time","order":0},{"id":"seed_de7adeec4427138ced09320a9c522a37","title":"Deadline Scheduling","order":1},{"id":"seed_ec364106fa557f4b9b7730295cc2a4df","title":"Rate-Monotonic Scheduling","order":2},{"id":"seed_98b355692c92338be0b6fd3fbd337fb2","title":"Earliest Deadline First (EDF)","order":3},{"id":"seed_058608331be8f8f662a18dd0d12cd1de","title":"Feasibility Analysis","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9a7a209c38cbdf505869ca78f3755493","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Linux Scheduling","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_cb83c1e0909036f90563ff5f6043235c","title":"Completely Fair Scheduler (CFS)","order":0},{"id":"seed_8da161cac7461ae41434acdf72fce940","title":"Virtual Runtime","order":1},{"id":"seed_a12cd02496581a8181c4e819e0779edd","title":"Red-Black Tree","order":2},{"id":"seed_e32efab2a9a59314b2ed00d4faa976c6","title":"Real-Time Policies","order":3},{"id":"seed_57122fa061a8acfff766cbca3c7fbb4b","title":"Nice Values","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ede70642db3e09cef4cf709ccff54f65","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 11: Cpu Scheduling Advanced","sectionOrder":13,"title":"Windows Scheduling","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"windows-scheduling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6ea5985cf45b98a974d5f3c616e4e90b","title":"Priority Classes","order":0},{"id":"seed_bb83219fc66c15f0a489fc7e10ddc24e","title":"Priority Levels","order":1},{"id":"seed_c82bbbb2aa517d827569ad1fa7adee44","title":"Priority Boosting","order":2},{"id":"seed_63fb9ba75b56d8649fc6a9e183741ccd","title":"Quantum Management","order":3},{"id":"seed_74a785a6a7b526b6b86342d6746874de","title":"Comparison with Linux","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_538a852460c650c526ab0c98cc6a39ab","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Race Conditions","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"race-conditions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2bb5c21c1acf50b394c2e23043f539db","title":"Race Condition Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_381aafcd9fee9ef6a35be3723822c5a8","title":"Non-deterministic Behavior","order":1},{"id":"seed_d33b1525d9937b8b5c4169eb2cc3cf7a","title":"Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU)","order":2},{"id":"seed_b71e7b2a6a8bfd5ddf98bcd95368b2be","title":"Race Condition Examples","order":3},{"id":"seed_897320e9c7070e954721a2a154fc9b8d","title":"Race Condition Detection","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b0391dad5390b2a5509d154284068c68","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"The Critical Section Problem","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"critical-section-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_30ed5bd860c8c89b38159352a3604d9e","title":"Critical Section Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_2de650f6205375452de48330f58b9735","title":"Entry Section","order":1},{"id":"seed_04c09c983a59657f660a65d4d7fe150c","title":"Exit Section","order":2},{"id":"seed_58fa5c7c04e5854e72ed979b0e38d01c","title":"Remainder Section","order":3},{"id":"seed_2bde40369c57a750f38737d8ef1d1f41","title":"Problem Requirements","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a2845ec49a964316d45468e706ca0ae0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Requirements for Solutions to the Critical Section Problem","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"requirements-for-solutions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d2222b8002539d2d1d6ab24ae56743fd","title":"Mutual Exclusion: The Cornerstone of Synchronization","order":0},{"id":"seed_379cc74fb3adfa19d34f75c2203787e0","title":"Progress: Preventing Unnecessary Blocking","order":1},{"id":"seed_d458daef0eae393cd4ff9cee2afcc68e","title":"Bounded Waiting: The Fairness Guarantee","order":2},{"id":"seed_a0393e82b0f8350b540ca64fc756d72c","title":"Solution Evaluation: A Systematic Framework","order":3},{"id":"seed_4c147181a91c037790cbb6bd3f104b55","title":"Correctness Proofs: Rigorous Verification","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_292c003373582ceb8518dc40d3d98e5a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Peterson's Solution","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"petersons-solution","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f6729bdce0bc63bf793796822ef83b11","title":"Two-Process Solution","order":0},{"id":"seed_62c81b3c459daa81b2e4cf6ab1f7d9ab","title":"Turn Variable","order":1},{"id":"seed_f38df1d1695b312c8215dc3fb33efc09","title":"Flag Array","order":2},{"id":"seed_f300d62f84b0af7eb172f1ccf7102234","title":"Correctness Proof","order":3},{"id":"seed_e26fb523847a3ece34a21003e95bf7a6","title":"Limitations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_734ef1c685c8634b040ec1d685812236","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Dekker's Algorithm","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"dekkers-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a8da72dd87cb23e365fb1dbbeab65003","title":"Historical First Solution","order":0},{"id":"seed_c0628287fd31d989a13bb06daa52f89a","title":"Turn-Based Approach","order":1},{"id":"seed_7cad54f95394057dd900ad6ba212aa0f","title":"Flag Mechanism","order":2},{"id":"seed_6d4b5b6067101f3fa3adaafbdb2eb628","title":"Comparison with Peterson","order":3},{"id":"seed_1e27af4546985475a2465b933a014648","title":"Limitations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_298e344dcd38b3be39e486afc23ba4ed","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 12: Synchronization Fundamentals","sectionOrder":14,"title":"Disabling Interrupts for Mutual Exclusion","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"disabling-interrupts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ab9b16becd539fae6863dc664d086ce8","title":"Interrupt Disable Approach","order":0},{"id":"seed_16362cadab404b9d9fa71a0d6e08f1c6","title":"Single Processor Only","order":1},{"id":"seed_f823b4d82bea0092d66fc3bd64513e4e","title":"Privileged Operation","order":2},{"id":"seed_f68e516b8519bd541d5d975d4568e7d2","title":"Limitations","order":3},{"id":"seed_79b630be1d81f552442183a62f521305","title":"When Appropriate","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1eddf95478ac90ee67e75d9a0dc7bcfb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks And Hardware Support","sectionOrder":15,"title":"Sleep and Wakeup Mechanisms","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"sleep-and-wakeup","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_4f8fb743a832342b0fb2e3097e1e8de5","title":"Sleep Mechanism","order":0},{"id":"seed_da734230b44faf46117d127bb7e981d3","title":"Wakeup Mechanism","order":1},{"id":"seed_505b76499658b4df6ea286af021a5553","title":"Lost Wakeup Problem","order":2},{"id":"seed_a51a305cd271e231984c5a3914801ed4","title":"Implementation Challenges","order":3},{"id":"seed_940038b7187315a7e28e832df5db61bd","title":"Integration with Scheduler","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_bdfe65adf78f9dc9ded3bde19c222b3a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Spinlocks","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"spinlocks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_5c10da714bfc82aed484809ee4adb925","title":"Busy Waiting Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_984925568aecacda53076f1c271bf8d8","title":"Spinlock Implementation","order":1},{"id":"seed_12905ff90f2bb7ee4aeceb4bef1a38de","title":"When Spinlocks Are Appropriate","order":2},{"id":"seed_2b0b65080f8964d230e968862b84bebd","title":"Spin Time Considerations","order":3},{"id":"seed_a715aa69eb71c9558b693a043d61851b","title":"Ticket Locks","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a5b9d700782c503cdfe833d9ebfa65f2","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Test-and-Set Lock (TSL): Hardware-Assisted Synchronization","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"test-and-set-lock","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6ba0f0d175ed90bcb277d1aaedfa1c4a","title":"Atomic Test-and-Set: The Foundation of Hardware Synchronization","order":0},{"id":"seed_c0fc907a772238737668ac1057b590e6","title":"Hardware Support: How Processors Guarantee Atomicity","order":1},{"id":"seed_4a8bcd01cef76ead81ad4c9f67249b7b","title":"TSL Implementation: From Theory to Practice","order":2},{"id":"seed_70831342993dd3bd69cc3e4649fdfbe7","title":"Lock Implementation with TSL: Building Complete Synchronization","order":3},{"id":"seed_a696db15973a3cc38433506f40642442","title":"The ABA Problem: Understanding and Preventing a Subtle Concurrency Bug","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4513483c67b0a39b1fb722040508bc07","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Compare-and-Swap: Foundation of Lock-Free Concurrency","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"compare-and-swap","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_0de1444182fe9b2a8b0dcaa7dc91c942","title":"The CAS Operation: Atomic Compare-and-Swap","order":0},{"id":"seed_79cdd490a12e8bb7870a8fd1fbc52c46","title":"Lock-Free Programming: Progress Without Blocking","order":1},{"id":"seed_40230a7edd3be9380151a2c02abd2d03","title":"CAS-Based Locks: From Spinlocks to Queue Locks","order":2},{"id":"seed_143d27b5da5eca8c121e52dc8ea15c23","title":"CAS Loops: The Heart of Atomic Programming","order":3},{"id":"seed_c24b0d337aa169418d26d61c880fe9ba","title":"CAS Performance: Latency, Throughput, and Optimization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_6f9347e8c8a4b551eb419c0f615eeb09","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Mutex Locks: Mutual Exclusion Primitives","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"mutex-locks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_4365636d225aece48dc2429dd670f369","title":"Mutex Concept: The Foundation of Mutual Exclusion","order":0},{"id":"seed_ab1f5c641e0057f88faa06a187bdf675","title":"Blocking vs Spinning: The Fundamental Mutex Tradeoff","order":1},{"id":"seed_770be97b53548533172c1e9a9a69e0ff","title":"Mutex Implementation: Building the Lock","order":2},{"id":"seed_db9a13de79861c2db2bacd6394c2779a","title":"Pthread Mutex: The POSIX Standard API","order":3},{"id":"seed_5f18b318c8d487eecb9e02bc45d4574a","title":"Recursive Mutex: When One Lock Isn't Enough","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a18feea107e575395b7aeb854a4b90bc","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 13: Locks Hardware Support","sectionOrder":16,"title":"Futex: Fast Userspace Mutex","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"futex","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2f94527fdf96cc79ea12bc513c726ddb","title":"Fast Userspace Mutex","order":0},{"id":"seed_d788bde910318a15ede13789e0036247","title":"Futex Operations","order":1},{"id":"seed_32766567e89f197a63d5eda23be0a7fd","title":"Kernel Involvement","order":2},{"id":"seed_c295a802e54c555898c13b9b4964b4c1","title":"Performance Benefits","order":3},{"id":"seed_77e73047a39f5b81addfd62e60a7ede5","title":"Linux Implementation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_0879fd294f8492fe9130f0cb34d4494b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores And Classic Problems","sectionOrder":17,"title":"Semaphore Implementation","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"semaphore-implementation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_4a219ba187d543a7f34e270e8e274c18","title":"Blocking Implementation","order":0},{"id":"seed_f64230a53c5a55ae96c556ae42e6a34c","title":"Spinlock-Based Implementation","order":1},{"id":"seed_c6d3c7ef7d1962479d031ce2d86753c4","title":"Kernel Implementation","order":2},{"id":"seed_aa13ff45589546848359eed7dff54969","title":"Fairness Considerations","order":3},{"id":"seed_6e76f5fd8e365a5092b41a4619f0c333","title":"Priority Inversion","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_6a3691fb18a17667a8883296b7df6a41","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores And Classic Problems","sectionOrder":17,"title":"The Dining Philosophers Problem","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"dining-philosophers-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1b5bad06fa6adc725a71cf65070d1a4e","title":"Problem Description","order":0},{"id":"seed_61910dee6576a785d897a7d4a929b251","title":"Deadlock Potential","order":1},{"id":"seed_c6fb2965c3a3765d35b55c57b1b7e718","title":"Semaphore Solution","order":2},{"id":"seed_a6cf0f725b16e5d020caca4ba86302c9","title":"Resource Ordering","order":3},{"id":"seed_7dc179a820eca0ec27ca3c24811a9873","title":"Other Solutions","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_095741f1b4c7f4efa518c717b9806687","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores And Classic Problems","sectionOrder":17,"title":"Other Classic Synchronization Problems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"other-classic-problems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_388d6e7a14203ed67c387d0d3b821539","title":"The Sleeping Barber Problem","order":0},{"id":"seed_4e35997d801469e6b83acda1e0db9658","title":"The Cigarette Smokers Problem","order":1},{"id":"seed_82b30c9653c9b5ce5c4b32db8b14454a","title":"Bounded Buffer Variations","order":2},{"id":"seed_24710acd93aafdf6bb4d9d9aab08f1f8","title":"Common Patterns in Synchronization Problems","order":3},{"id":"seed_f9803e1759315ad25a65959db1e9d9a2","title":"Solution Strategies for Synchronization Problems","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_81039f64343301d7139508dcd36f3c33","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores Classic Problems","sectionOrder":18,"title":"Semaphore Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"semaphore-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_eff34d59cc1688bc23586565302f3985","title":"Dijkstra's Semaphore","order":0},{"id":"seed_275f09bcef04f8312447833930bf2567","title":"Wait (P) Operation","order":1},{"id":"seed_4d0ea785c95a680db4b3c04695a63aa4","title":"Signal (V) Operation","order":2},{"id":"seed_f0972228e93aeb06e6a03de417ad202d","title":"Counting Semaphores","order":3},{"id":"seed_ce894f2d15a9f4547ec9d7620632dbbb","title":"Binary Semaphores","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_0a9e6ddf86fa8ec2dffdf17d2b9bdbf9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores Classic Problems","sectionOrder":18,"title":"The Producer-Consumer Problem","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"producer-consumer-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_515d6393e36506c55c38b6bb71982759","title":"Bounded Buffer: The Foundation of Producer-Consumer","order":0},{"id":"seed_9d6436ccf776a5fb90ccd273c4973057","title":"Producer Logic: Generating Data for the Buffer","order":1},{"id":"seed_e226266e469e706cc70dd6cf451b44b0","title":"Consumer Logic: Processing Data from the Buffer","order":2},{"id":"seed_cc33d91bf3500f0243a42d9af22d7e7a","title":"Semaphore Solution: The Complete Implementation","order":3},{"id":"seed_dccdd7ea31b80542dbf2a75f2d58fdb9","title":"Correctness Analysis: Proving the Solution Works","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_da67f7f18123f7ebbe89efec6e979798","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 14: Semaphores Classic Problems","sectionOrder":18,"title":"Readers-Writers Problem","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"readers-writers-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_75fbfbda8e733f2910f3d178b58ef207","title":"Problem Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_b75cc52febf4b703f915927783cb1d39","title":"Readers Preference","order":1},{"id":"seed_28b33eacff4c1c5620a212a490e1da2d","title":"Writers Preference","order":2},{"id":"seed_91bab9040dfd85faf32d9cabad24e93e","title":"Fair Solution","order":3},{"id":"seed_f86f20e5d4bf326e821bf423331f4ddd","title":"Semaphore Solutions","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8ef0f7a09ed19f4d09fa071bd04edd39","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors And Condition Variables","sectionOrder":19,"title":"Monitor Concept","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"monitor-concept","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7e92876293f552d8109da941bf569232","title":"Monitor Abstraction","order":0},{"id":"seed_550bb8dbad49a63e3bbd63c6de348c20","title":"Automatic Mutual Exclusion","order":1},{"id":"seed_1603bd9266939df6c0d3410aba6a4342","title":"Encapsulation","order":2},{"id":"seed_3feebab866fac485e42c907b249f2a32","title":"Advantage Over Semaphores","order":3},{"id":"seed_a09467b9f2115ee32e77924981c24dfb","title":"Monitor Structure","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b378ecef8b5fb49e43e4397d2bf40f02","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors And Condition Variables","sectionOrder":19,"title":"Signal Semantics in Condition Variables","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"signal-semantics","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e38ba11c616503c62ccc232fd0977cab","title":"Signal and Wait: Immediate Transfer Semantics","order":0},{"id":"seed_e324a189cf4f1f78886e6f89e2397654","title":"Signal and Continue: Deferred Activation Semantics","order":1},{"id":"seed_7db2a9c4bd710d62bb80e380776792c7","title":"Mesa vs Hoare Semantics: The Two Paradigms","order":2},{"id":"seed_2659bb5ea52787fdcd892bda41d30e7b","title":"While vs If: The Correctness-Critical Choice","order":3},{"id":"seed_f71280f493884cd5febe1bceb67f5b43","title":"Practical Implications: From Theory to Production","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_7092734f4ee8ea0c9984e22c09d261a0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors And Condition Variables","sectionOrder":19,"title":"Broadcast: Waking Multiple Waiting Threads","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"broadcast","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a99d020310914317f5c30d1cb92e3094","title":"Broadcast Operation: Waking All Waiting Threads","order":0},{"id":"seed_f784dc664360f30ce63055f1ff5db2da","title":"When to Broadcast: Identifying the Right Scenarios","order":1},{"id":"seed_889a45c41e51a717d92844d2618812fc","title":"Thundering Herd: The Cost of Waking Too Many","order":2},{"id":"seed_8549fd37b62f6f6354105d6b2ae32cf3","title":"Performance Considerations: Analyzing Broadcast Costs","order":3},{"id":"seed_7d52ffb9fd643a154298585acf809a19","title":"Use Cases: Broadcast in Practice","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_db6eb17a2e348139dd6e783594e74073","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors Condition Variables","sectionOrder":20,"title":"Condition Variables: Synchronization for Complex Coordination","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"condition-variables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_44145c726c80333763a372ea8747e0b3","title":"Condition Variable Purpose","order":0},{"id":"seed_6860ead692b44aa7bb662e89d471dc5b","title":"Wait Operation","order":1},{"id":"seed_09b0fcf97e4432c5e51e60fefda00779","title":"Signal Operation","order":2},{"id":"seed_a7717ea9f8e7d720c1a49a7a205bff0c","title":"Relationship to Mutex","order":3},{"id":"seed_377a78cbf78846cba04abd6d4f868a43","title":"Multiple Conditions","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_697b459f7503e5c6c1785005deecb424","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors Condition Variables","sectionOrder":20,"title":"Pthread Condition Variables","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"pthread-condition-variables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a88c17b17fda8e4ef6ed84fbc914888c","title":"pthread_cond_t","order":0},{"id":"seed_0bb8c07ec37f85a3a67ae0adcffd1e09","title":"pthread_cond_wait","order":1},{"id":"seed_27ba9db8a78cc428cf062d4cbe81d353","title":"pthread_cond_signal","order":2},{"id":"seed_6a842bd8c11969be2c910f1525c4d35b","title":"pthread_cond_broadcast","order":3},{"id":"seed_dd1154ffe836921ac9313ea6f35dc68d","title":"Proper Usage Patterns","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b7edafb17356d821c60c3370cf2579e7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 15: Monitors Condition Variables","sectionOrder":20,"title":"Monitor-Based Solutions","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"monitor-based-solutions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_81bf544e0cc61d352c2a17debbbd5938","title":"Bounded Buffer with Monitors","order":0},{"id":"seed_5f03a4d9463ad92ea3110a2ed2ff9f0b","title":"Readers-Writers with Monitors","order":1},{"id":"seed_52f538f1d48d5e437a8054ac29e6f27a","title":"Dining Philosophers with Monitors","order":2},{"id":"seed_668c2d5f27ef237b20c6586b799eca70","title":"Comparison with Semaphores","order":3},{"id":"seed_eb10314feeae1d94a52df9fff120af64","title":"Implementation Patterns","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a51245be2f1a65549356f824272ebc67","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Understanding Deadlock Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"deadlock-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f5305e5b8206a5d423ea8a91d90b26b2","title":"Deadlock Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_0e554d83caf5bfc6f0a7542b97e2c642","title":"Resource Types","order":1},{"id":"seed_7a93124cb85ef13f972ac03eeb8e2514","title":"System Model","order":2},{"id":"seed_09d1fd439b698c90d8f01e8dc9889944","title":"Real-World Examples","order":3},{"id":"seed_22c47407228d2bf12efce9f6a941d6ba","title":"Livelock Distinction","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4334a5a41629eba66ae678384f7a3198","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Necessary Conditions for Deadlock","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"necessary-conditions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_8692af0ea1c9ea88116607e27c69cf44","title":"Mutual Exclusion","order":0},{"id":"seed_42cd177509129f122ef25c6d0cfe5759","title":"Hold and Wait","order":1},{"id":"seed_1aa030e50abe89c0c005426675b8dec6","title":"No Preemption","order":2},{"id":"seed_11cbd54dac8cd2189f1407512a28d887","title":"Circular Wait","order":3},{"id":"seed_fbad8a7ee13756dabe8ab9061e7342bf","title":"All Four Required","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_eba514d553d708252753631b90d328cf","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Resource Allocation Graph","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"resource-allocation-graph","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_eda34e9fe0964cf1e56e547d06f53505","title":"Graph Representation","order":0},{"id":"seed_3129979eaf012775ca5d59f7fb1a38f6","title":"Request Edges","order":1},{"id":"seed_fd9c0865ead986aae067d35d3959da29","title":"Assignment Edges","order":2},{"id":"seed_77dbc156984ffe75e0fdaaeee91fd221","title":"Cycle Detection","order":3},{"id":"seed_0cf0a593077976a4489b6f4f5fb8bc20","title":"Deadlock Identification","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_bb7f0a87d10c83a2d2af64a1f01103fc","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Deadlock Prevention Strategies","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"deadlock-prevention","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2e55c6450e1cc08cb9abeaed225c33cc","title":"Breaking Mutual Exclusion","order":0},{"id":"seed_f310603d8e2077af5e8087362eb9e926","title":"Breaking Hold and Wait","order":1},{"id":"seed_d2e38ab66b3112500a10e0f924d39dae","title":"Breaking No Preemption","order":2},{"id":"seed_52bc65e923a4cf28605a278d39458656","title":"Breaking Circular Wait","order":3},{"id":"seed_cd0cccad8b6f6977633ae28c851f545a","title":"Tradeoffs","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_736704f63cb8208d80c74ea8167d560a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Banker's Algorithm: Deadlock Avoidance","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"bankers-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_cb916a54e08c092614d835ae46da3806","title":"Safe State Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_0fb3c76f8f47c786b03855cef16292ce","title":"Safety Algorithm","order":1},{"id":"seed_016b9f5992530df9f7d2132e5b3fc71b","title":"Resource Request Algorithm","order":2},{"id":"seed_87d0336205be30ecae2cc77e2cf77add","title":"Multiple Instances","order":3},{"id":"seed_2b0d6a01a6afebead5b5436d438744aa","title":"Example Walkthrough","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ce49823af1ff69c3e6c04e24df43a55e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 16: Deadlocks","sectionOrder":21,"title":"Deadlock Detection and Recovery","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"detection-and-recovery","description":null,"estimatedMins":60,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_555fcda612c772ecb414b07a021cf0e3","title":"Detection Algorithms","order":0},{"id":"seed_cc7a6639ffce638a6e1a7276ab97a09d","title":"Single Instance Detection","order":1},{"id":"seed_fd2a64d9404290e2cfc18d7fdd79b9b6","title":"Multiple Instance Detection","order":2},{"id":"seed_18de1786a80041ef6aaada33c9d19ed9","title":"Recovery Options","order":3},{"id":"seed_d5d2f9776fc3aa085154b6e133de7c63","title":"Process Termination","order":4},{"id":"seed_367b66e00f8a533d0f9ee79d6c6d15a0","title":"Resource Preemption","order":5}]},{"id":"seed_1359692a0cd69411d8512612b6e774c1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Memory Management Goals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-management-goals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7e80854902a48f565aec5376dcec5fce","title":"Memory Allocation","order":0},{"id":"seed_7c007627f0d96b186840ab147071a8b9","title":"Protection","order":1},{"id":"seed_50110492ffd6f74b86787947c10a7af4","title":"Sharing","order":2},{"id":"seed_e467133128f10b50d1197a8d7ab97cbb","title":"Logical Organization","order":3},{"id":"seed_7b6435d8fb6f59db01148a5ce7a94b82","title":"Physical Organization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_675f925abcc1f6bb1164f9a18fc17887","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Address Binding: From Source to Execution","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"address-binding","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2238412f10cb15cd849dd7a480ba102e","title":"Compile-time Binding","order":0},{"id":"seed_9202aec89777b705db74d4f58e91f112","title":"Load-time Binding","order":1},{"id":"seed_ce3bdd0a186dc1e18d8673d11a9c53df","title":"Execution-time Binding","order":2},{"id":"seed_a733cdd9ecbdb953e7aaa499db705b8a","title":"Relocatable Code","order":3},{"id":"seed_ab8d0721bc37f26c2214e44bae03312b","title":"Dynamic Loading","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_41f2ed027a756b7a34b1ee22d832f5f0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Understanding Logical vs Physical Addresses","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"logical-vs-physical-addresses","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_303d065c4e82d48b2cd15c4d3e1c5830","title":"Logical Address Space","order":0},{"id":"seed_c74a84b15ec1c4326e6afdfe8a8989cb","title":"Physical Address Space","order":1},{"id":"seed_6f67e8b00f0f6a4e31ce15614cec2f54","title":"Address Translation","order":2},{"id":"seed_545328da0f69dbd15febc0067a189080","title":"Memory Management Unit (MMU)","order":3},{"id":"seed_d50d1eb9ca39eb26d2d591404b56cc14","title":"Base and Limit Registers","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d3b080d578a2e4bcb2b240767bc2e833","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Linkers and Loaders","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linkers-and-loaders","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_3a45870b190736448f89970c53fc9028","title":"Compilation Process","order":0},{"id":"seed_6395b26409ecc4e8ceb9e2a89a42ff5a","title":"Object Files","order":1},{"id":"seed_3aefd25ddff1bd7574136fc5278e5af3","title":"Linking (Static and Dynamic)","order":2},{"id":"seed_cb911e18150b56126917963e5eb39f7c","title":"Loading Process","order":3},{"id":"seed_fd6081e973283aa2e65a3dd69361512e","title":"Relocatable Code","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_27a52b5c729f9c878badfdbf7dcc7211","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Swapping","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"swapping","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_eabde7acccddd1e72ea808895e7bd77f","title":"Swap Space","order":0},{"id":"seed_c2119419d38cb34a5248d00d7d30d7d1","title":"Swap In/Swap Out","order":1},{"id":"seed_2710f1abd0ec02a494a8ea483e1369d0","title":"Standard Swapping","order":2},{"id":"seed_5cbf93de9f7fc6aecad76a2ccbc9c400","title":"Swapping with Paging","order":3},{"id":"seed_1d744ade507b44e897e4c90cadf1444b","title":"Performance Considerations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_cb5a855d17df9d9fccf5a1ba85c07b2b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 17: Memory Management Fundamentals","sectionOrder":22,"title":"Overlays","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"overlays","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_9876720f679b13c464e2ceeeaf4c50bf","title":"Historical Technique","order":0},{"id":"seed_419f0fb92662c30194ecda56485f33d9","title":"Overlay Structure","order":1},{"id":"seed_c2b1a3f83fdb39100cfb727f9e53e9b7","title":"Manual Memory Management","order":2},{"id":"seed_b41f657a9eab9e9a46b05c1fd7c1b705","title":"Why Obsolete","order":3},{"id":"seed_5490837d7d679d26a4f7ba1bbd62288c","title":"Historical Significance","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a1f928a457011df2c378cddab161a114","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Contiguous Memory Allocation Fundamentals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"contiguous-allocation-concept","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e951c7d57436d8aef3d09a96c35bf6b5","title":"Single Partition Allocation","order":0},{"id":"seed_052b2314957a2d22da31d6b5d855bf61","title":"Multiple Partitions","order":1},{"id":"seed_c19db895995bca9c41e7dd7471c011f0","title":"Protection with Base/Limit Registers","order":2},{"id":"seed_2357421200a8c84dc5c74ae6ad049128","title":"Relocation Register","order":3},{"id":"seed_467d0e649fff235ee532abca9518601a","title":"Advantages and Limitations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_81f9769996020bf3795c83493b0eab2f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Fixed Partitioning: Static Memory Division","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fixed-partitioning","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ce9d45d3cde502b2e7c1a0f9eb5c299f","title":"Equal-Size Partitions","order":0},{"id":"seed_d0cc11e56a063e3387879103387a791d","title":"Unequal-Size Partitions","order":1},{"id":"seed_39e0bbc7f0446a7e0eeb10b66726e236","title":"Internal Fragmentation","order":2},{"id":"seed_b86458ce362b26b262da2c05607a064f","title":"Partition Assignment","order":3},{"id":"seed_94d7d1ebb0d02555bc85c3762a6a6d08","title":"Limitations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e4474bca96bd36e0763125f758e465d3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Variable Partitioning","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"variable-partitioning","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_59bfd15a14b30a7b5705d23fb6b7600b","title":"Dynamic Partition Creation","order":0},{"id":"seed_15d388158318cf1aef3c8f054c3861fe","title":"Hole Management","order":1},{"id":"seed_ca601bf54f1531fae01eea0810151d58","title":"External Fragmentation","order":2},{"id":"seed_88abbe92e6cab6106b3c3c100a3ee695","title":"Partition Allocation","order":3},{"id":"seed_dbc57e6e888780c61b9a53055cb9467e","title":"Deallocation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2abcdef14133b361fc8bc438caf85066","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Memory Allocation Strategies","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-contiguous-allocation-allocation-strategies","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_55eace933154210e3916fe28657673be","title":"First Fit Allocation Strategy","order":0},{"id":"seed_27c5a871e31fa519bc67b59d76213f4e","title":"Best Fit Allocation Strategy","order":1},{"id":"seed_756367a2d507cad3e7b80375ab3ad038","title":"Worst Fit Allocation Strategy","order":2},{"id":"seed_e308573f4b28c3edf7a1d89a752a90a0","title":"Next Fit Allocation Strategy","order":3},{"id":"seed_8c4654ac1b6886730fe101c13c89fba3","title":"Comparison and Analysis of Allocation Strategies","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_efac1ff2d107f726e496d816d5ad8230","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Memory Fragmentation: Internal and External","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-memory-fragmentation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_bf9a92f0f7e7e13919f2340df50dbc57","title":"Internal Fragmentation","order":0},{"id":"seed_17c9e5c80e868bb7f9c94aba1e8889c5","title":"External Fragmentation","order":1},{"id":"seed_bb82f55ac8ca9fe0906cbae907eba27d","title":"The 50-Percent Rule","order":2},{"id":"seed_b092e180eb052161f01b4c487e79c1c9","title":"Fragmentation Measurement","order":3},{"id":"seed_fc06d54f4d83c8d35c6de88851fbe15d","title":"Impact on Performance","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_708b1569a3837117c1f3abefc7ec8cd7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 18: Contiguous Allocation","sectionOrder":23,"title":"Compaction and Buddy System","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"compaction-and-buddy-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ef2fe080323d50423665bed262c578ba","title":"Memory Compaction","order":0},{"id":"seed_c62481c5cd293ded425b951a8bf6d15c","title":"Compaction Cost","order":1},{"id":"seed_574f0e26b0372fcdf97a3c0dcecf0652","title":"Buddy System Algorithm","order":2},{"id":"seed_7ea977cfb0aa70b0c8fbdd933ca48196","title":"Power-of-Two Allocation","order":3},{"id":"seed_ebd6b90e23c0bd49a322920508a97f16","title":"Buddy System Fragmentation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_7ec2df224624b43b377d8568aa4e7438","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Paging Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"paging-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_94ec3ea54603e18c0bb2a84210b9e71b","title":"Pages and Frames","order":0},{"id":"seed_59a1e43597debdb13edbff1d405e7a1a","title":"Page Size","order":1},{"id":"seed_1704a3afb7ebd5e59ad84f9f95302650","title":"Non-Contiguous Allocation","order":2},{"id":"seed_b82e8cc983c6c8aa75dd85fbe23c8c69","title":"No External Fragmentation","order":3},{"id":"seed_dbf14592beb37421df6adec386a334d5","title":"Internal Fragmentation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e6814eb8e4db13fd97cc5d2004ced057","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Page Tables","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"page-tables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.230Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_0b7c1f1749ff4afe3306d71ab8110848","title":"Page Table Structure","order":0},{"id":"seed_4c91a0d245d1d23a5d5586021dc1a219","title":"Page Table Entry (PTE)","order":1},{"id":"seed_e68c295751576e70429ed748377d651b","title":"Valid/Invalid Bit","order":2},{"id":"seed_0db4e6e627763d7ab56e3a6f36eb623e","title":"Protection Bits","order":3},{"id":"seed_c6161ac9aa1dc4b53ba5604a8df6bb6c","title":"Page Table Location","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9310e6e155aa02f9d5e95fc58087cbd9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Paging Address Translation Mechanisms","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"paging-address-translation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7902e2c6368f2e9036f209db8af9435b","title":"Page Number Extraction","order":0},{"id":"seed_7ef29b5aca7ec1f6c3210dc6649bf9d4","title":"Offset Extraction","order":1},{"id":"seed_09c67265c04b16c82b8c97b20d5da787","title":"Frame Lookup","order":2},{"id":"seed_7201a64f108babedfee0f656f0a920c5","title":"Physical Address Formation","order":3},{"id":"seed_3850b3fe1b48da1a36f1b386fe78336a","title":"Translation Example","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_5f3c7ed52b32aba9548a8057002274e4","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB)","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"translation-lookaside-buffer","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_c39c42c2df69a267f03692b7f068406b","title":"TLB Purpose","order":0},{"id":"seed_a6fb97c61ffcc5b8507dc43457e9ebbb","title":"Associative Memory","order":1},{"id":"seed_4592b2aa8d58e8b48572aa67961b0ade","title":"TLB Hit/Miss","order":2},{"id":"seed_61a217e9a1eff4362893b942558d7e98","title":"Effective Access Time","order":3},{"id":"seed_7b6fbf7323cdd090064654bd1825facd","title":"TLB Replacement","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_5bb9082c057bdb717b525fff885ee456","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Multi-Level Paging","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"multi-level-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1e700fc12e5799e7ebd0b855124cb802","title":"Two-Level Paging","order":0},{"id":"seed_53d9a0e76af4972baa2edece335747d7","title":"Three-Level Paging","order":1},{"id":"seed_a70c2b232aa6279a12acc58407f28f2c","title":"Hierarchical Page Tables","order":2},{"id":"seed_36e9c3ca3907cbc2529d4398e8842119","title":"Address Translation","order":3},{"id":"seed_2aadce3720b83d0f6cbd1f1a6c6d65a6","title":"Space-Time Tradeoff","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_7f589afea1b45ccdc3408081b0f2151d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 19: Paging","sectionOrder":24,"title":"Hash-based and Inverted Page Tables","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hash-based-and-inverted-page-tables","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_8b7847384c569b1022b9e1ff2a774627","title":"Hashed Page Tables","order":0},{"id":"seed_fe8eefd7cc57d67c682542b75dde35a1","title":"Collision Handling in Hashed Page Tables","order":1},{"id":"seed_061344e78df57beba643404359073999","title":"Inverted Page Tables","order":2},{"id":"seed_b52e65f4650bcf88a6b8fdcbbaa7f242","title":"Single Table for All Processes","order":3},{"id":"seed_1487c933d22b41c312b8a5139d82fa4f","title":"Sharing Challenges in Inverted Page Tables","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_48d8b374c98648d28c552478caa5aba1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_918463e8f2a5cc9fa9daf9f9337f02c0","title":"Logical Segments","order":0},{"id":"seed_3808abbf13150c88bc69171209a7680d","title":"Code, Data, Stack Segments","order":1},{"id":"seed_af529713d7ad79a203c3637bcd364971","title":"Variable Segment Sizes","order":2},{"id":"seed_0bd291fe781d6afe2db6b4677837d4ef","title":"Programmer's View","order":3},{"id":"seed_43a7d16892a98c3514e8e85f2b673728","title":"Segment Table","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_49db44f086c862a4244afe70a9ab3d61","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segment Table","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segment-table","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6aaacc74997a6b278d619bb8b4aa6b44","title":"Segment Table Entry","order":0},{"id":"seed_64cb6f56ba506f68899c518ba714c2b3","title":"Segment Base","order":1},{"id":"seed_79c48178fcb1151f60fbb35bf095c3fa","title":"Segment Limit","order":2},{"id":"seed_45e68363788985f342239ae3c1434726","title":"Protection Bits","order":3},{"id":"seed_1345ed3c5610cb662ae6cca771d0c112","title":"Segment Table Location","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e8ac3489b567b6c68e50ade467c44586","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation Address Translation","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-address-translation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f330e53c74022cd58c7609d43e6567ab","title":"Segment Number","order":0},{"id":"seed_7b3aca5bfdd0206538fed77ce90035f8","title":"Offset Within Segment","order":1},{"id":"seed_970ad8298467902218912a3357459f9a","title":"Bounds Checking","order":2},{"id":"seed_bdd2adaf7db744edd9c77c3269d74784","title":"Physical Address Formation","order":3},{"id":"seed_4900af30263a69a7342ab4d69f88b0f9","title":"Translation Example","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_3319256c906738d99ab40424ce0cd7d1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation vs Paging: A Comprehensive Comparison","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-vs-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_89e5c6baf7ffe00ce738341c903d7a42","title":"Comprehensive Comparison Table: Segmentation vs Paging","order":0},{"id":"seed_8fb42d6360c6adc294578ef57644256d","title":"Fragmentation Differences: Internal vs External","order":1},{"id":"seed_0fb32dfbe902b0e994e20cef081e98bf","title":"Sharing Differences: Logical vs Physical Sharing","order":2},{"id":"seed_4f7f8e1288739c2423ee1cc86b20fcc3","title":"Protection Differences: Semantic vs Physical Boundaries","order":3},{"id":"seed_6667463d85551ff7e4f8f4571eb0b89e","title":"When to Use Each: Practical Design Guidelines","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_3e144f44f2889dbe917af33c51a204e3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Segmentation with Paging","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"segmentation-with-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_548067ebd2bb74aef61019e27f167213","title":"Combined Approach","order":0},{"id":"seed_2c4d10a56165a5faae6d77951ecc3616","title":"Intel x86 Example","order":1},{"id":"seed_7d35d1f1ac4a92d792c41618e385de5a","title":"Segment Descriptors","order":2},{"id":"seed_20d5337321ef0824fb7be668ca600c2c","title":"Paged Segments","order":3},{"id":"seed_75f52313bbf98b9ea3d92860cf9d7c09","title":"Modern Implementations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_981dce20fa6c9cb3c0f806f660d1fcce","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 20: Segmentation","sectionOrder":25,"title":"Intel x86 Memory Model","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"intel-x86-memory-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_09dc05792fb487c1591b6d359895350b","title":"Protected Mode","order":0},{"id":"seed_02da0587f447a4ea944eb87f9a93bff6","title":"Global Descriptor Table (GDT)","order":1},{"id":"seed_c005056e6e7c3516e1d73d1a4ee2c66a","title":"Local Descriptor Table (LDT)","order":2},{"id":"seed_0d252a9f447292e28519895311010bfc","title":"Segment Selectors","order":3},{"id":"seed_ded92a5f3dc0d080a3cbb7ab5aff521c","title":"Modern x86-64 Changes","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2d1300fa47e559dae9b232e2a9d52fb9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Virtual Memory Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtual-memory-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_949296034fa62707e79d3932057ba330","title":"Virtual Address Space","order":0},{"id":"seed_eab8c23ea5d6ff90bd7e4724e391ed1f","title":"Larger Than Physical Memory","order":1},{"id":"seed_18fbd11c518309d3d02c232c6298164e","title":"Demand Paging and Segmentation","order":2},{"id":"seed_00652e897dec55ea67a23a48e0022ab9","title":"Benefits of Virtual Memory","order":3},{"id":"seed_e3d6b3010db7da51e0f179cc1ac4ad92","title":"Implementation Overview","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_74dfd56fb6d52454938e8bd47118c558","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Demand Paging","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"demand-paging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2640baefff6178b6b5dcde3b7bdb5626","title":"Lazy Loading","order":0},{"id":"seed_0781f4655095c0843b0c8c0fc74140ab","title":"Valid-Invalid Bit","order":1},{"id":"seed_90d20df37e9f9342dbd49e8a8e953816","title":"Page Fault Handling","order":2},{"id":"seed_adfb7c3a9d66ac9efd696e0ed9e86835","title":"Pure Demand Paging","order":3},{"id":"seed_d6f224a7be11aeb2d32a65ec3b6f9658","title":"Prepaging","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_7d01ec09ff472f39b2e81a2bcb935c7d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Page Fault Handling: The Critical Path to Virtual Memory","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"page-fault-handling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_23e498cfbd2b691502ef517ac7c10605","title":"Page Fault Detection","order":0},{"id":"seed_86dd43e870004b8f4aebca22d18e36f2","title":"Trap to OS","order":1},{"id":"seed_25b2be31275a70bef139be0ce69942c6","title":"Find Page on Disk","order":2},{"id":"seed_c92150ee9e6993752d6c59f9731b7d22","title":"Load into Frame","order":3},{"id":"seed_c76a25fbbdac7cd810d0069f332e6750","title":"Restart Instruction","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b5fcc90890051f0b2b9f9bdc1b30ed87","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Copy-on-Write","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"copy-on-write","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_bad1d27033898b0c1358a1a37938cb1d","title":"COW Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_c97ca5f49717963bb00306f0fc9031d4","title":"Shared Pages","order":1},{"id":"seed_6f0c2d91a7ba3401869792291a0f3af7","title":"Write Triggers Copy","order":2},{"id":"seed_195ddb09c115837ed2cc23e67473c51b","title":"Fork Optimization","order":3},{"id":"seed_6b44090e8fecbdfd5cb5865ae8f2e147","title":"Zero-Fill on Demand","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ffee6b7a320b7433e2f39111d0a92637","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Memory-Mapped Files","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-mapped-files","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f34e1a06b3cb77352d3d128a17173942","title":"mmap() System Call","order":0},{"id":"seed_027f5004b2503d6c63613ae64a754bf2","title":"File as Memory","order":1},{"id":"seed_a3722a59e58feb9060b4917e9d4c1b3a","title":"Lazy Loading","order":2},{"id":"seed_7898bc340b651df5f085be4f1a2f0c72","title":"Shared Mappings","order":3},{"id":"seed_759c3fa26cb3ffa52eb80b96e8d9f7b9","title":"Private Mappings","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_7f60e57f035bc73c6047e0883cb42fe5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 21: Virtual Memory","sectionOrder":26,"title":"Shared Memory via Virtual Memory","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"shared-memory-via-virtual-memory","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_894ef6b4470e9e4dbf2eec65760bbd64","title":"Page Sharing","order":0},{"id":"seed_af25b1697b7bf140417e65a5ca7659c6","title":"Shared Libraries","order":1},{"id":"seed_13ff409d3f9c782c3f0b3ec5944f1e6c","title":"Inter-process Shared Memory","order":2},{"id":"seed_eeb0d1e1d088f4ec651572889781a922","title":"Protection Considerations","order":3},{"id":"seed_2d3d83bd198c3dd0954a5643c0273054","title":"Implementation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_bea5b47cc116ab03f9991178b3631bcd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"Page Replacement Need","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"page-replacement-need","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_3bc344e450641d8be19b8832ed27525a","title":"Over-allocation","order":0},{"id":"seed_cc866d91b25315b6324e92d832cf7665","title":"Page Replacement Concept","order":1},{"id":"seed_94e51646b4b1fdd98e7b4afb58b76ae6","title":"Victim Selection","order":2},{"id":"seed_754c8cfe656e585cde1aa3442b61b4b7","title":"Dirty Bit","order":3},{"id":"seed_916095db6d0601797becf479b55a991a","title":"Modify Bit (Reference Bit)","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e370c66076609b9b9e6c4656f86a2f88","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"FIFO Page Replacement Algorithm","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fifo-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1b06c05e48c57cedfc9b3477ebb8c2aa","title":"First-In, First-Out","order":0},{"id":"seed_5cfa13b3a81721ff39b4294b90f62167","title":"Simple Implementation","order":1},{"id":"seed_e047e602d2772dabbc55f57b873f7b90","title":"Belady's Anomaly","order":2},{"id":"seed_55ac283e05a31453366f29dd8842ad75","title":"Performance Issues","order":3},{"id":"seed_6a2f6018664a4b7ac2afef6e0e185f2c","title":"Queue Management","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_59f34d9e468d539410235ab2afa72563","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"The Optimal (OPT/MIN) Page Replacement Algorithm","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"optimal-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_454cb5739cc8c7cbc10d5c4749fd21e3","title":"Replace Farthest Future Use","order":0},{"id":"seed_68e0a36495beaec949f4a5e8baa51506","title":"Theoretical Minimum","order":1},{"id":"seed_96f538184ee590900810b612e1ac799f","title":"Not Implementable","order":2},{"id":"seed_33f2ee6d84c64001bd4ba27262534c57","title":"Benchmark for Comparison","order":3},{"id":"seed_ea696e0da72e3d524640a6bb235baa6a","title":"Approximations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_58e611be25d9eaad2e46da56fe86411e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"LRU (Least Recently Used) Page Replacement","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"lru-algorithm","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_dbc6577bb811986582f93856ebeea2c0","title":"Least Recently Used: The Foundation of Practical Page Replacement","order":0},{"id":"seed_306227f89cc88d30faf2466437a5b7bc","title":"Recency-Based Decision Making: The Mathematics of LRU","order":1},{"id":"seed_f3652311b2d9e2272074f339279d1e48","title":"Implementation Challenges: Why True LRU is Impractical","order":2},{"id":"seed_2ae060e2c4b860b75027830f4cf37a0d","title":"Counter Implementation: Timestamps and Logical Clocks for LRU","order":3},{"id":"seed_3012429274b099cce6421470f7ce9e05","title":"Stack Implementation: Maintaining Explicit Recency Ordering","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_3b141aef6fe98ed68f6e61631da31d6b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"LRU Approximation Algorithms","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"lru-approximations","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d5ccee44b1f9f2febec46045f6697465","title":"Reference Bit","order":0},{"id":"seed_6457b8f11349f5c86e647351b57e6fd0","title":"Second-Chance (Clock) Algorithm","order":1},{"id":"seed_36caffb1d94e33e13d2074a941ae1635","title":"Enhanced Second-Chance Algorithm","order":2},{"id":"seed_8556dff9391331791f64966a750df16d","title":"Not Recently Used (NRU)","order":3},{"id":"seed_62729a7bc4d04e4da874c28e22422cad","title":"Clock Algorithm - Advanced Variants","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1775094b82e4081250b3a008f71b281c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 22: Page Replacement","sectionOrder":27,"title":"Working Set Model and Page Fault Frequency","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"working-set-and-pff","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_bde6e732bf7408f8bcb6f7ab86efa523","title":"Working Set Model","order":0},{"id":"seed_1601ba65108fe7a90551dd382580fb28","title":"Working Set Window","order":1},{"id":"seed_3906570964244830cb57efa27e3608cc","title":"Page Fault Frequency (PFF)","order":2},{"id":"seed_afbef8d1cc1afc352508f5022886015f","title":"Dynamic Allocation","order":3},{"id":"seed_75e262313720d035d0783233ef6c7e2c","title":"Thrashing Prevention","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e6326cc42a26f3cf6a90c1e641fe7ebe","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Frame Allocation Problem","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"frame-allocation-problem","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_67959125833b06ab2d9700c84c0c812b","title":"Limited Frames","order":0},{"id":"seed_ebf7da9d1056654d295a839c580eaca0","title":"Process Requirements","order":1},{"id":"seed_88d0e9ee901ce2fdd3ce9b61cfad360e","title":"Minimum Frames","order":2},{"id":"seed_69b1f32805b3236a20f88f455aa72909","title":"Allocation Strategies","order":3},{"id":"seed_11601f2ecce60146969fa4dd01873a8a","title":"Fairness Considerations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_68b9eb39e23ceafe1477edf4b7e5783a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Thrashing: The Performance Catastrophe","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thrashing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_37795a0755d54f1bdc1b6d9e54224d58","title":"Thrashing Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_cac26430c5bd8b9772c187ec5675a443","title":"Cause: Insufficient Frames","order":1},{"id":"seed_d546727c42eafe2f766d9a390378f51b","title":"High Page Fault Rate","order":2},{"id":"seed_eca13bc74c46da2bf3f004cd6b1d6da1","title":"CPU Utilization Drop","order":3},{"id":"seed_27c7915b539f0dfcf23e0c301df36a14","title":"Detection Methods","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_92ee21095ae279cb17c1bdeb30f3a3ae","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Working Set Model","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"working-set-model","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b7af5cfb6b9e95be49da4d96486ac3c1","title":"Locality Principle","order":0},{"id":"seed_9b426a61f7b2511a29331f078a184b1b","title":"Working Set Definition","order":1},{"id":"seed_2ca18469773dcceeb6fc340308837925","title":"Working Set Window (Δ)","order":2},{"id":"seed_e43cc378f01a18847bd9138d93716bd2","title":"WSS Tracking","order":3},{"id":"seed_541dba5d90df62611b614928ad5b2587","title":"Allocation Based on WSS","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_fd43da53d4496fbef64f128868f95db6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation And Thrashing","sectionOrder":28,"title":"Thrashing Solutions: Restoring System Stability","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"thrashing-solutions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_46e2ba8215a777c3e8d7211de526f184","title":"Working Set Approach","order":0},{"id":"seed_d7887dfab3340388e36566949a1cf86f","title":"Page Fault Frequency","order":1},{"id":"seed_2cc96f0cfd220cf24948ad130dbe723c","title":"Load Control","order":2},{"id":"seed_7e608403a26c1828bd6c5d77fc730cd4","title":"Swapping Processes","order":3},{"id":"seed_840b5e1e6a0fa6877ffaef63fca872a1","title":"Adding Memory","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1db12b50e5b04520e372819500de72b7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 23: Frame Allocation Thrashing","sectionOrder":29,"title":"Global vs Local Replacement","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"global-vs-local-replacement","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_dc4edcc6a2c445891a8bddb593c05231","title":"Global Replacement","order":0},{"id":"seed_36204464bd85406e636e98dbd67c8f15","title":"Local Replacement","order":1},{"id":"seed_c63c62f7403a09964d0b6505b730f81d","title":"Process Interference","order":2},{"id":"seed_aab9db76fa338c830b27b29c57f841f0","title":"Performance Implications","order":3},{"id":"seed_fe24fcd1174ac4d9d0e48eafa3fa0e0f","title":"Choosing Strategy","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_5b294a7d9d9e56ba15690d2b6f891a99","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Linux Memory Management","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-memory-management-in-practice-linux-memory-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_13969490d376654b600ed8a0a2e20670","title":"Virtual Memory Layout","order":0},{"id":"seed_2620ec7d7cb7b1c5a5fcaa874cbf8304","title":"Page Tables (x86-64)","order":1},{"id":"seed_53213343bcccd09d763cefd4995dcf5b","title":"Kernel Memory","order":2},{"id":"seed_fae5b18544dadcefd5f8ba09900fdb67","title":"User Memory","order":3},{"id":"seed_15467e7178e2879a7d437bd5ac3d9e04","title":"Memory Zones","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_86fc3a1c820a82ec8fde3c3b17aca2f5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Windows Memory Management","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"windows-memory-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_81ce3eb5f6eeedda7763770a0eabd4f9","title":"Virtual Address Space","order":0},{"id":"seed_fab275f7fa4beca2262ad3974b7aab95","title":"Paging File","order":1},{"id":"seed_3ec1798062415e481bd3ae359acf2eb6","title":"Working Sets","order":2},{"id":"seed_17f5a90d485c42251e34a725c0ee312a","title":"Memory Pools","order":3},{"id":"seed_6465b0d82f2caaf84676b29f75ac5ed9","title":"Memory Compression","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_78b534009d4be91a8ec06f7bcd261dbe","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"NUMA Architecture","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"numa-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b69dc8529e2b0fe2c02264a4883a7f0c","title":"Non-Uniform Memory Access","order":0},{"id":"seed_4425320f75c25ba7ca14f721ac559246","title":"NUMA Nodes","order":1},{"id":"seed_e300ddbca357062c24263d3435b54953","title":"Local vs Remote Access","order":2},{"id":"seed_46a4dc5eb129236a8c4bf502c748f5b0","title":"NUMA-Aware Allocation","order":3},{"id":"seed_af4225a6ee6fd98be220105165d2f372","title":"Performance Optimization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_cf3a2f7161693cc12b4fd043aefbe346","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Huge Pages: Optimizing Memory Management at Scale","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"huge-pages","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_c5fd7ca27eaf2e8369d8f785e59581d1","title":"Standard vs Huge Pages","order":0},{"id":"seed_887467ffff3f831a3aa8ba2ba91f46a9","title":"TLB Efficiency","order":1},{"id":"seed_00c6997d615b02dfe9bf5f0514005ec2","title":"Huge Page Allocation","order":2},{"id":"seed_40c8c1fc2d65542b733ca4e1ec00c5d6","title":"Transparent Huge Pages","order":3},{"id":"seed_4269336e5a83568782f1c9d04c3de8ca","title":"When to Use Huge Pages","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_88717754b9f03dcfea81a91aa8ff4a2a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Memory Compression","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-compression","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_0d630c4808bee23761f71032ba778c02","title":"Compressed Page Cache","order":0},{"id":"seed_864e36e37e8054328b6c3ee3e768d01b","title":"zswap","order":1},{"id":"seed_e7f5fd37ec1a158720df76fc717dee1c","title":"zram","order":2},{"id":"seed_c5992f7157ebf89e0cd7f95d1ff82002","title":"Compression Algorithms","order":3},{"id":"seed_43bec525ba15d1925b42364fd93da9d3","title":"Performance Tradeoffs","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8f05fbc44420a857d7f29b499908c247","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 24: Memory Management In Practice","sectionOrder":30,"title":"Memory Debugging: Detecting and Resolving Memory Errors","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-debugging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_572183f3e869591a7bdeda5dd50c74be","title":"Memory Leaks","order":0},{"id":"seed_f4850b1878d0cfa7a715a63765502236","title":"Buffer Overflows","order":1},{"id":"seed_a5754eb7811ee24d9ab611ebe644d475","title":"Use-After-Free","order":2},{"id":"seed_9d4f27f68c9e46f70a07f60982c99d4d","title":"Valgrind","order":3},{"id":"seed_cf8306dbdb1c167abd2f06bb8cb8cdb2","title":"AddressSanitizer","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9d4f648d804555b00f76ae34c63b7e91","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"File Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b2f05b952dccdd9e2bd36699b5ca4a5f","title":"File Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_766885bc63246ddb65edbf779ced949c","title":"File Attributes","order":1},{"id":"seed_7a6b95bba6ab2b39de7b60bb87a5e6a0","title":"File Operations","order":2},{"id":"seed_decfa45a72433f9114e3d12176d39ffe","title":"File Types","order":3},{"id":"seed_b450988648da72b15a75611e2c28f3db","title":"File Structure","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_68c36972426fca538a1fdf5ae2cbc60d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"File Access Methods","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-access-methods","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2eb394d49793de850086ee0a7de8a4d4","title":"Sequential Access","order":0},{"id":"seed_719551347d9a608104da9d05edfd8d84","title":"Direct (Random) Access","order":1},{"id":"seed_1e07a7be76cef59cae82a9b9d7e1119f","title":"Indexed Access","order":2},{"id":"seed_691aca2ba6c7b0dc0b8ece7bf214130e","title":"Access Method Comparison","order":3},{"id":"seed_584bee668e8d922a574e2999fedbd138","title":"Memory-Mapped Access","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a18e62e8b77fcff0841a1e0002a80439","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"Directory Structure","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"directory-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6de0b81dda0e4b9e096745bcb0c29cb9","title":"Single-Level Directory","order":0},{"id":"seed_a9f3d3d5901ac4d2b4332d8edc9eccfa","title":"Two-Level Directory","order":1},{"id":"seed_a198f1571435df150aa5d8064685518e","title":"Tree-Structured Directory","order":2},{"id":"seed_c73559dba4cf32e639e530bf4d2e18f8","title":"Acyclic-Graph Directory","order":3},{"id":"seed_07b445bd004b031b3a5cec19fc01eef2","title":"General Graph Directory","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4c3785c374dc010145535df7a559fd77","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"Directory Operations","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"directory-operations","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b6253250f8fb836867c6c4ee1dbc24dd","title":"Create/Delete Files","order":0},{"id":"seed_82fca0f09eac73e338f310ca82496a98","title":"Create/Delete Directories","order":1},{"id":"seed_c4e6d29debb4ab1eaaa219a8452fab81","title":"List Directory","order":2},{"id":"seed_398a444f2bb0dc3252939249f6d1a53c","title":"Search","order":3},{"id":"seed_e60d56cda21d6554c870bf45c5ace28e","title":"Rename/Move","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_585e7e8efc4278fca3fcac513a128811","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"File Protection: Securing Persistent Data","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-protection","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_439970daae53b9dad9ef7a1ab5dbec10","title":"Access Control: The Foundation of File Security","order":0},{"id":"seed_a5a493c413222682d24d9f45f57c7e6a","title":"User/Group/World: Unix's Elegant Permission Model","order":1},{"id":"seed_8d2ed012e923650b99997557c8ae1de0","title":"Access Control Lists: Fine-Grained File Permissions","order":2},{"id":"seed_6f894c5af792f9bbd3566623a326b30c","title":"Capabilities: Object References as Access Tokens","order":3},{"id":"seed_5658b8b28aa52ebc575ede10f521a157","title":"Permission Models: The Complete Access Control Landscape","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2a23330117de15b869ddf401e620bf88","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 25: File System Concepts","sectionOrder":31,"title":"Hard and Soft Links","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hard-and-soft-links","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_349c6b69156571f64a2010d9d7dce3dc","title":"Hard Links","order":0},{"id":"seed_b61cdf2da9d9cceab73d5a349a65119b","title":"Link Count","order":1},{"id":"seed_b7682277cd2d9559baf02532b51e2df8","title":"Soft (Symbolic) Links","order":2},{"id":"seed_a7921c1b5f6592101b789772f0a63c4f","title":"Dangling Links","order":3},{"id":"seed_d80c45e7f7e11cbbbc14af908b790ff6","title":"Use Cases","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ae8196d972184c1fb01e625013fdb61d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"File System Layers","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-system-layers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_c1b13faa49741cbc5c921f86e52db588","title":"Logical File System","order":0},{"id":"seed_c7e1b913cc3c764b5412170c3f3387aa","title":"File Organization Module","order":1},{"id":"seed_0697dc42b9b52858b8455de18520ba5d","title":"Basic File System","order":2},{"id":"seed_169e51ac23af057edd12c3b4038c3afd","title":"I/O Control","order":3},{"id":"seed_2680d81814f561934737fbeae9135351","title":"Device Drivers","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_654aa70ff1777323fe5ef221936613bb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Contiguous Allocation","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"contiguous-allocation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_fe13d4e4adf6f5f0241600c5a57e2c5a","title":"Contiguous Blocks","order":0},{"id":"seed_6ce246a32204b2862505f13d19fa5acb","title":"Fast Sequential Access","order":1},{"id":"seed_049c1d6fccb43ecb2a88472703806d3b","title":"External Fragmentation","order":2},{"id":"seed_5e07ee2e7363687bc338f1b429d9d976","title":"Compaction Needed","order":3},{"id":"seed_5c3e6d27ff5b47c48b08c5e821d95c07","title":"Best for Read-Only","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_fbf33871afbf019e562093e3119c4d3a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Linked Allocation","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linked-allocation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_c5859dd2f598e064573175d5fb931fd8","title":"Linked List of Blocks","order":0},{"id":"seed_c361170b76aaf78971a984fcc23d8e3d","title":"Each Block Has Pointer","order":1},{"id":"seed_6b361c0dfe114866fab6c936ba177a09","title":"No External Fragmentation","order":2},{"id":"seed_7b81564c96887567c5662e2c4f02f771","title":"Poor Random Access","order":3},{"id":"seed_1d3df32eda21b0928c9912bae4531cb4","title":"FAT Optimization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e89504616e41380fb66c9bc7549c526a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Indexed Allocation","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"indexed-allocation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_bccfa22051d11b0a0bc47a6a4138380f","title":"Index Block","order":0},{"id":"seed_bf0d36836bb98d051538c017541c42f3","title":"Direct Pointers","order":1},{"id":"seed_6640c43c1655191ad4332b1afc07b1d9","title":"Random Access Support","order":2},{"id":"seed_3f85d834fe2dfbdd012e3902bced5e19","title":"Index Block Overhead","order":3},{"id":"seed_8277ec7f490c08cc8ab54181b514629e","title":"Multi-Level Index","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a29fa5e68534fb8b13b3fd10b7fc7f13","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Free Space Management","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"free-space-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_f2dc5e9871ec64f85660aa976f966fff","title":"Bit Vector (Bitmap)","order":0},{"id":"seed_febf0b4a8ddd6cf4955f45b006c561fa","title":"Linked List Free Space Management","order":1},{"id":"seed_a00b05ed86ebc6178c09c105d519cbfd","title":"Grouping Free Space Management","order":2},{"id":"seed_0c0c0e080168e275c02dc81be48a705f","title":"Counting Free Space Management","order":3},{"id":"seed_ec00b890a6ecde1cdfa40bda5e359831","title":"Space Maps","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ccc909d59a36cc82306083d967779488","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 26: File System Implementation","sectionOrder":32,"title":"Directory Implementation","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"directory-implementation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d01961d1752b2d0e60f99e95ddb88637","title":"Linear List","order":0},{"id":"seed_3bf0c56b1bd2324ba2f978fdc06f2ca8","title":"Hash Table","order":1},{"id":"seed_3c09e6d71cd9ca35ad2b9a596c52c057","title":"B-tree","order":2},{"id":"seed_c0e4d86223ba975fd663b91dc980e26b","title":"Directory Entries","order":3},{"id":"seed_4316e00b73464887927dd623bbf0233c","title":"Name Lookup","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e288c30d588f632bca1015d3b7d1d967","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"FAT File System","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"fat-file-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_0afdaa4ff91addb847987466c09c2301","title":"File Allocation Table","order":0},{"id":"seed_955063a8e816f096b315d619fc746cce","title":"FAT12, FAT16, FAT32","order":1},{"id":"seed_7039a5f06a62742d9865c3e1af90d85e","title":"Cluster Chains","order":2},{"id":"seed_62a17a868b950090ce409a9dc3dc8a40","title":"Directory Entries","order":3},{"id":"seed_a05bc7259b8237813a02bb917f282e0a","title":"Limitations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_0e5ef8e12d36838f2bc357f4c3cd7244","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"Unix inode Structure","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"unix-inode-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b04777c40a7038515589697432a4f969","title":"inode Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_75edd1b1277c50bf06f1cb2a5330045b","title":"inode Contents","order":1},{"id":"seed_6ffe8e87e450024ead81d97d29dde39f","title":"Direct Blocks","order":2},{"id":"seed_681ef72a3780acf43cce18016bacfeb1","title":"Indirect Blocks","order":3},{"id":"seed_bd4f0b92cfd345cf9cfa660bf93d17e6","title":"Double/Triple Indirect","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_56e16005c30759a706a200021da04ae6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"Ext2/Ext3/Ext4 File Systems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ext2-ext3-ext4","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_809bc1193caf83818d53a3b26da6a0a6","title":"Linux Extended File System","order":0},{"id":"seed_81c86e82b40472648c651d44c9c62204","title":"Block Groups","order":1},{"id":"seed_32dab5bc59fbceb7d78dd24c9cc15cdf","title":"Superblock","order":2},{"id":"seed_97354f8b209f0bb28d26db43953e6650","title":"Ext3 Journaling","order":3},{"id":"seed_7b708f5e6c93a4f64d125a4d18dd1393","title":"Ext4 Extents","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_3a6f1e8af132baebcf9bc66d41f8229b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"NTFS: The New Technology File System","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ntfs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_fd571854ded1f7a5e181bfece222ef9e","title":"Windows File System","order":0},{"id":"seed_366809db5cf2feb7cde964d68b08e07a","title":"Master File Table (MFT)","order":1},{"id":"seed_c640c62ceb9fbf5ed3f9933a92447274","title":"Resident Attributes","order":2},{"id":"seed_02a6192a82ea9f2a3ff1c218b80ba3ad","title":"Change Journal","order":3},{"id":"seed_12f0ef6343c9bb3447974bba3e93a9b7","title":"Permissions","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9b66121878b62d9b69998cb11ec9ec42","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"File System Comparison","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"file-system-comparison","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_eba2972dfc32d85c98bc93263bbaf08d","title":"Feature Comparison","order":0},{"id":"seed_f010dcaecd20eb538ff6091ec5cc39ec","title":"Performance Characteristics","order":1},{"id":"seed_1960667a4bfee5b0a7aa725932808b6d","title":"Maximum Sizes","order":2},{"id":"seed_62f42d1ce98fd3c80f5c2b0df8157a45","title":"Journaling Support","order":3},{"id":"seed_e5bc043ed9f23af854d8053a821e4a2c","title":"Use Case Recommendations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2e746179b8be1e14a01b787b24e5f850","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 27: File System Structures","sectionOrder":33,"title":"Virtual File System (VFS)","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtual-file-system","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_15405915bb6e3011e47ddb3aa4d6223e","title":"VFS Abstraction","order":0},{"id":"seed_034997306ba8b6e596c79f95e627c037","title":"Common Interface","order":1},{"id":"seed_5b37127bf6a1469c22e8e4fff7f274fc","title":"File System Mounting","order":2},{"id":"seed_789148bff6037f6964b158a32096fb66","title":"VFS Objects","order":3},{"id":"seed_d8a0e3ffc1d5b60f366d5f37f15981cd","title":"File System Registration","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_74f91fafd54bf70e7300885294996f74","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Buffer Cache","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"buffer-cache","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_47aada0db91121c53dd39e8348ef5929","title":"Block Cache","order":0},{"id":"seed_e7d70e9e80a715722b2d9389cd078103","title":"Cache Management","order":1},{"id":"seed_c02565c91e84f6aef6a6af40d50a32ff","title":"Write-Back Policy","order":2},{"id":"seed_82919fd374d27feeb050eee2f4638e96","title":"Cache Consistency","order":3},{"id":"seed_6a5a3545706fae8de2c8fbcf525b0b71","title":"Sync Operations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_f97fa5a7bb9ec68b4c5c378519c9947e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Read-Ahead: Anticipatory Data Loading","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"read-ahead","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_30cb8c2fb15e78647dfd893b0eaadbc7","title":"Prefetching: The Art of Anticipatory Data Loading","order":0},{"id":"seed_bca4b7da084b742a8a6ec9d1b378cb97","title":"Sequential Detection: Recognizing Access Patterns","order":1},{"id":"seed_52b464e5e3f9fcfe15b3c58b46f68ed9","title":"Read-Ahead Window: The Sliding Window Mechanism","order":2},{"id":"seed_74b41fbbd28241488366e671cb69f14f","title":"Adaptive Read-Ahead: Dynamic Prefetching Optimization","order":3},{"id":"seed_165590bfd893d222d612d1cc2677974f","title":"Performance Gains: Measuring and Maximizing Read-Ahead Impact","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4ff36a28802b87f8d1b0110f896e90f7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Write Strategies","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"write-strategies","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b4443f63d23e42c0ebcaa1d116a50cf4","title":"Write-Through Strategy","order":0},{"id":"seed_86a76bcb1b4b757a036214dc1ba22bf8","title":"Write-Back Strategy","order":1},{"id":"seed_5bd7443e34e4639c40ea98b8d04ebd4c","title":"Delayed Write Strategy","order":2},{"id":"seed_b1b41abbc9ee6f2b67a3bc0e6cfa34db","title":"Ordered Writes Strategy","order":3},{"id":"seed_4619c58e799d0a3c8f3e7ba98127fc86","title":"Data Integrity","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_de3bf4f804174e8bf94545b9ade710fc","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"File System Journaling","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"journaling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_650a41102119468e9a392027f78964aa","title":"Journaling Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_a377d1bdb81f3188965e4f49ee5b8bad","title":"Write-Ahead Logging","order":1},{"id":"seed_aac6dd80a2f7edcf21ac63756357fdfd","title":"Metadata Journaling","order":2},{"id":"seed_257230e4c24972a8dabc671f04be064b","title":"Full Journaling","order":3},{"id":"seed_59f26c9bb2714e0b942d34379c8758bf","title":"Journal Replay","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_df49786f6ab3859c097bc8a5986ea705","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Log-Structured File Systems","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"log-structured-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1b5a15957c6399b9d4b78f0cda654c02","title":"LFS Concept: The Log-Structured Revolution","order":0},{"id":"seed_4d8d73884464ad056a03a06c76175c1f","title":"Sequential Writes: Maximizing Disk Bandwidth","order":1},{"id":"seed_7c79555640ecd59223c6823158527cf7","title":"Garbage Collection: Reclaiming Dead Space","order":2},{"id":"seed_3be65f19e15bedbf09c40eb1ae8bc472","title":"Cleaning: Advanced Segment Reclamation Strategies","order":3},{"id":"seed_5bc5a407e25cfe0979f71838d31affe8","title":"SSD Optimization: Log-Structured Storage for Flash","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_5b79405957967bc1319d5dc5002a30b7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 28: File System Performance","sectionOrder":34,"title":"Defragmentation","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"defragmentation","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_60fad31d0b0c594efeb4241a2543a0bb","title":"Fragmentation Causes","order":0},{"id":"seed_c4c23d1606bc1065b2035e8cabb05b46","title":"Defragmentation Process","order":1},{"id":"seed_3793f5a8a4ce393cbb0724b542a40512","title":"Online vs Offline Defragmentation","order":2},{"id":"seed_c7cdd0a4da393409a5f6e9df26892864","title":"SSD Considerations","order":3},{"id":"seed_159414da3661ed8747927ff8c9021dfd","title":"File System Specific Defragmentation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_0783892a9efc4847e680aefa1eb1dbd9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Copy-on-Write File Systems","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"copy-on-write-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_8073c03d8888efcc5dc6340d9433a21e","title":"Copy-on-Write Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_50a1f27024fc2e3aa314e5de508d0d81","title":"Snapshots","order":1},{"id":"seed_783769d2fc04968e40a0b8b4b3479c5e","title":"Data Integrity","order":2},{"id":"seed_8bd5e78d91f2b4c066edefcbb7c6e5d9","title":"btrfs and ZFS","order":3},{"id":"seed_195e5cf6e1effac27d38657013517dff","title":"Performance Tradeoffs","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_669094127e382a299679705ee6352f80","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"ZFS: The Zettabyte File System","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"zfs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1d3acc708b9be63e176755335ec24461","title":"The Zettabyte File System: A Revolution in Storage Architecture","order":0},{"id":"seed_e78ada358233a330f0e8ded12da0e3d5","title":"Storage Pools: Pooled Storage Architecture","order":1},{"id":"seed_c26d17b0be2ba7b8002280e5f1c695af","title":"Checksums: End-to-End Data Integrity","order":2},{"id":"seed_e5caa54a00f243242355330f37947168","title":"RAID-Z: Software RAID Without the Write Hole","order":3},{"id":"seed_283b736c7089f19c64845c2f66e88d3f","title":"Snapshots and Clones: Point-in-Time Data Management","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e94b6844ed3f8d3875703200ba21c67b","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Btrfs: The B-tree File System","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"btrfs","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_4aecf0eee0208f9b6fdca82632b1eae9","title":"B-tree File System","order":0},{"id":"seed_473db3865f0a5408dec6b801429a1612","title":"Linux Native COW","order":1},{"id":"seed_3d3bf37edd8928aa798116e87dc9d3f9","title":"Subvolumes","order":2},{"id":"seed_0e9c440d9dd7ff25d32cec916b35baed","title":"Snapshots","order":3},{"id":"seed_e84e5dff1368f35dd3b822eecad466b2","title":"Data Scrubbing","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ecaafe317263daf4d330ff6223034212","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Network File Systems","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"network-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a0a11b395118841e045b1464e2f1a142","title":"NFS Overview","order":0},{"id":"seed_71e2cd5a01a51dd791a6a8e17ed9173c","title":"NFS Architecture","order":1},{"id":"seed_b013723c246b7439b8ad03d426ae70ce","title":"Stateless Protocol","order":2},{"id":"seed_bc9cd9d2a50ccf8160bc4f9556fbc757","title":"NFS Versions","order":3},{"id":"seed_910f295011979934410fb6a15d1a5695","title":"Performance Considerations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_348639a90a49d0f3cc73af6949019912","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Distributed File Systems","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-advanced-file-systems-distributed-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_870b69ab83a45d43c8184e52c660adb5","title":"Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS)","order":0},{"id":"seed_15a5fd03c5a63a1ec1e8401d5db11839","title":"Google File System (GFS) Concepts","order":1},{"id":"seed_e3929b1326c4b6a0f2a184686bf8496a","title":"Data Replication Strategies","order":2},{"id":"seed_515a461bcbeff584339ea97a57f6b99e","title":"Consistency Challenges in Distributed Systems","order":3},{"id":"seed_21419f4e1587b0b5d36d65fb71bd83ec","title":"Cloud Storage Systems","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_90c8994cdf03311d15aa405ac087cccb","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 29: Advanced File Systems","sectionOrder":35,"title":"Special File Systems","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"special-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_40dd5ffdf7364a34ff2501f06bcd1f13","title":"The /proc File System","order":0},{"id":"seed_9f605d9bc9d9b8646df96feb23045b05","title":"The /sys File System","order":1},{"id":"seed_75017c7ce12975bfd69e5fa37805743e","title":"tmpfs - Memory-Based File System","order":2},{"id":"seed_16a23e24c796f9c5753683b60d99b363","title":"devtmpfs - Dynamic Device File System","order":3},{"id":"seed_d8b0163ab30dc086d65c5a2ee3d80fa3","title":"FUSE - Filesystem in Userspace","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_52cf25b095195030c7b7a9eebbc7dc12","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Understanding I/O Device Types","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-device-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_bd1fd70d243c49d3f697c0df295e3064","title":"Block Devices","order":0},{"id":"seed_5a7b6c4c42c3d563de4661e01e9bc082","title":"Character Devices","order":1},{"id":"seed_a5dd397571a8ae7976394d8a07a88661","title":"Network Devices","order":2},{"id":"seed_2b80af9914d710188906313aa8c12196","title":"Device Characteristics","order":3},{"id":"seed_af0c5475d3722804f9b98b4f32969039","title":"Device Communication","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b4ba4edb77f767cdae8aa4c601d9a0c6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"I/O Controllers","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-controllers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_413fd2c3125c7dcaf7d1ada88b855d93","title":"Device Controller","order":0},{"id":"seed_4156519227c6523a9c2e2af09944247f","title":"Controller Registers","order":1},{"id":"seed_9a4430a77589241a384781d3ca198243","title":"Data Buffers","order":2},{"id":"seed_892355652083789972b143515cda3f5c","title":"Controller Interface","order":3},{"id":"seed_1fad002d3fb34df506273adb659cab0c","title":"Standardization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e6fca3745885ef9f31d6630257b669e6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Memory-Mapped I/O","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"memory-mapped-io","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e06f367ab5abc393995cbdeebe23e7f9","title":"Port-Mapped I/O","order":0},{"id":"seed_6cba5aae5b5e0c0ab6173afa4a62e843","title":"Memory-Mapped I/O","order":1},{"id":"seed_6aa7029a53f95ca41973b680e6bd71fa","title":"Address Space Usage","order":2},{"id":"seed_ded80e8a1597727179744850d5cb7a1d","title":"Comparison","order":3},{"id":"seed_2bf8fc8b4c9ab95fcedb56118e30e387","title":"Hardware Support","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_de8da1a4808b50d35a225192f8911286","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Interrupts: Hardware-Level I/O Signaling","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"interrupts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_06e3353e31bff1bc053a2847e92e921e","title":"Interrupt-Driven I/O","order":0},{"id":"seed_6e715457fda82197ec56464b9c6104c4","title":"Interrupt Handling","order":1},{"id":"seed_18b47fe9285bf6bc9fdf17245c8c214c","title":"Interrupt Vector Table","order":2},{"id":"seed_efaf4a7a16172ad6754ff89546f073f6","title":"Interrupt Priority","order":3},{"id":"seed_5d7a36453de0a2d01fe9b24be0226bc1","title":"Interrupt Acknowledgment","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_935f708c695ec34c1ffdef3b375abb42","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"Direct Memory Access (DMA)","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"dma","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d1f85bf170050c89d3d62810ede8c616","title":"Direct Memory Access Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_d4095a0ae2eccbde694c977174e5e00d","title":"DMA Controller","order":1},{"id":"seed_11d8bea1da04a1dacb02ffe3e02a4538","title":"DMA Transfer Process","order":2},{"id":"seed_a525249883914afe1f61dc1d3ef0b2ec","title":"Cycle Stealing","order":3},{"id":"seed_dbcb67efd571a3f956c2f8b5f683e63c","title":"Bus Mastering","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9e17272b0a078d2317c5b2f754dd8dc8","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 30: Io Hardware","sectionOrder":36,"title":"I/O Hardware Performance","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-hardware-performance","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d2a9f774da5cf5fa4e9e98342763a2cb","title":"I/O Throughput","order":0},{"id":"seed_5b858572900dfcd43f8da7dd1a020d36","title":"Latency Considerations","order":1},{"id":"seed_0867a47c6d30dbc671de6436a672cde8","title":"Bandwidth Utilization","order":2},{"id":"seed_0e1899810857f4a56de380c91a65f155","title":"Hardware Bottlenecks","order":3},{"id":"seed_26013a47eb27a187f1b9aa27620abd51","title":"Performance Optimization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8744fb5632c645a7b4c14d07cb8adba2","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"I/O Software Layers","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-software-layers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_8f4b56fa87bf08818481b457c1128dbd","title":"User-Level I/O","order":0},{"id":"seed_7ab653e6f50c115a4760b11b54d52afe","title":"Device-Independent Software","order":1},{"id":"seed_a056a5f1bd22d7792be0d86c01504ced","title":"Device Drivers","order":2},{"id":"seed_6108fc01daab26d00fc6f24f3ac29444","title":"Interrupt Handlers","order":3},{"id":"seed_b4778643aec5918933c29eb3dabd4067","title":"Hardware Layer","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2d816fe215216599e611129eb97a2765","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Device Drivers","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"device-drivers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d883ce0df9292fea49dda56adda04f05","title":"Driver Architecture","order":0},{"id":"seed_c5b2e93612dbfa5e8659a0fbeba60058","title":"Driver Interface","order":1},{"id":"seed_f4b6205b3db4ef6e804fe625724faaae","title":"Driver Development","order":2},{"id":"seed_99bc95bb8ef58dc3d3d31377969ed6cc","title":"Driver Loading","order":3},{"id":"seed_010017edcea4b262abf10ac9a694b159","title":"Driver Bugs","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1b4b2075cf9f19f78d4f153fd76f37a9","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Blocking and Non-Blocking I/O","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"blocking-non-blocking-io","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_5cd264eb2ff7652a2d2ec34a7cab6d29","title":"Blocking I/O","order":0},{"id":"seed_9e28a412a34e364af21142d615890555","title":"Non-Blocking I/O","order":1},{"id":"seed_0124ed3d2acbf4e63b78d2a788dff26f","title":"Asynchronous I/O","order":2},{"id":"seed_097f6895a654bb4d58e051fc942727cb","title":"I/O Multiplexing","order":3},{"id":"seed_89528a4332be47120afff60c961fd221","title":"select/poll/epoll","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d7a542eee0ffd939883207e8cd036788","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"I/O Buffering Strategies","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"buffering","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d025147a6a0b5e43cb844e6df86e1d35","title":"Single Buffering","order":0},{"id":"seed_bd23e3480f798f4d1d38817bb8501d4d","title":"Double Buffering","order":1},{"id":"seed_02c4ca8b80c52d2062c4eeaf6c082341","title":"Circular Buffering","order":2},{"id":"seed_832224adefd8fc4ec1625da272a754b3","title":"Buffer Management","order":3},{"id":"seed_6e33d424be7f36edfa145ccf40cb2241","title":"Zero-Copy Techniques","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_50e647b54466c570bd30a2e31e046629","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Caching","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"io-software-caching","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b075541d959ca383100c9c9c6e2338ad","title":"I/O Caching","order":0},{"id":"seed_201c0aa15e2162b80250e23ad4be5b84","title":"Write Caching","order":1},{"id":"seed_a6d99740c2e82800cfe72fd3b7f9119e","title":"Cache Policies","order":2},{"id":"seed_283b54dac8a67ff52adec7247b4ec028","title":"Cache Coherence","order":3},{"id":"seed_407f5a8727f725802a36c67d90bffbef","title":"Cache Effectiveness","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d9dcdc2a6a17bbd82aa46697c8c541d4","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 31: Io Software","sectionOrder":37,"title":"Spooling: Simultaneous Peripheral Operations Online","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"spooling","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_3db9d06caa808227f9792c85acd64412","title":"Spooling Concept: Simultaneous Peripheral Operations Online","order":0},{"id":"seed_8bf433b85078fc3eaed57dca7390d43e","title":"Print Spooler: Architecture and Implementation","order":1},{"id":"seed_0d3cf5ef591f525174ccaafd537a9fd5","title":"Spool Directories: Persistent Queue Storage","order":2},{"id":"seed_fc6aa77e11062091466394f5ce794010","title":"Daemon Processes: Background Service Architecture","order":3},{"id":"seed_592d7039141aae8eb6e309e513beb5a0","title":"Job Scheduling: Queue Management and Optimization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ea683bf5bc780d22be5ea3a6b6a2df8f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"Disk Structure","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-disk-structure","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_64065fb40b3efd94bfef66d1967c0caa","title":"Platters and Surfaces","order":0},{"id":"seed_47be537fcad61443927be8792271b624","title":"Tracks and Sectors","order":1},{"id":"seed_0688e16632e12dfc8faeb9b13c014d3d","title":"Cylinders","order":2},{"id":"seed_d6b0e9f2da008554d38efd26c658fb8b","title":"Disk Addressing (CHS, LBA)","order":3},{"id":"seed_45e21cc449e56c37d4546827d89711a1","title":"Disk Geometry","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b792d831b502998a10262be656af61fd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"Disk Scheduling Algorithms","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"disk-scheduling-algorithms","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_9e3ca7625f016076d3af5b6db7090cd9","title":"FCFS Scheduling","order":0},{"id":"seed_3a05dcd1c4cbb10ce609677984f12fd2","title":"SSTF (Shortest Seek Time First)","order":1},{"id":"seed_27882f6c8d2bbbed326c4116e1bb1124","title":"SCAN (Elevator Algorithm)","order":2},{"id":"seed_f07c7bc30cee2e9d4918da87bfc1d1ed","title":"C-SCAN (Circular SCAN)","order":3},{"id":"seed_f83afa0f002cdb88757a554e5eef6daf","title":"LOOK and C-LOOK","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_1d27a139166d008bcbb33a28e9e0a7d3","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"RAID: Redundant Array of Independent Disks","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"raid","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7c52cc3263fdec4c079e2611513cc9eb","title":"RAID Levels (0, 1, 5, 6, 10)","order":0},{"id":"seed_e68ab6461bddcfc3e72d1c86865c64c2","title":"Striping and Mirroring","order":1},{"id":"seed_01fca86125889982794ab85fdb648bf3","title":"Parity","order":2},{"id":"seed_05e1c4087e8f092eae79765e8be07fd1","title":"RAID Performance","order":3},{"id":"seed_a187fb850ffe7ea05706c14031876fc5","title":"RAID Reliability","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_50536e42456716a82a654117fa00d666","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"SSD Internals: Understanding Solid-State Storage","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ssd-internals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_c3c7ef51e5e134b9f9e0aa3ceb126cac","title":"Flash Memory Types","order":0},{"id":"seed_44dbce173febd7aa2a54d5188d2b87b2","title":"SSD Architecture","order":1},{"id":"seed_05e699d030ef2fae5be798850af39c1f","title":"Wear Leveling","order":2},{"id":"seed_3231f296656d1ccd722249b1bd3a627d","title":"Garbage Collection","order":3},{"id":"seed_a1ff2826313eb8f4889670620835af2a","title":"TRIM Command","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d82e020b33a77e7dcc16816323dbfb06","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"NVMe: Non-Volatile Memory Express","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"nvme","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_b854d327f102e1e9b354a6decff2b407","title":"NVMe Protocol","order":0},{"id":"seed_11e46c0e0db053c9233b319a2b5580af","title":"PCIe Interface","order":1},{"id":"seed_cded1504f117a3026e95942fff46a4a0","title":"Command Queues","order":2},{"id":"seed_124c17886e6df1175120c7dcd3e0bb57","title":"Performance Benefits","order":3},{"id":"seed_2174bfa9c5d1b737ff2378ccb9defb10","title":"NVMe vs SATA","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_5ff63fd794b2aa434ca1c0b353d62500","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 32: Storage Management","sectionOrder":38,"title":"Storage Virtualization","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"storage-virtualization","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_66491b82f3973484d64d0a2b213b1491","title":"Logical Volume Manager (LVM)","order":0},{"id":"seed_c0881e4fd48af4e0ae18c34cd0a41826","title":"Volume Groups","order":1},{"id":"seed_f54053badd6f6ec964ec60a190b780ff","title":"Logical Volumes","order":2},{"id":"seed_39c5e69151687193b0fc8ab32eb62f47","title":"Snapshots","order":3},{"id":"seed_8633954259c66338d6e21e0dc77b60fe","title":"Thin Provisioning","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8038fe2525f524bce7b4f4a2ab588680","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Protection Goals","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"protection-goals","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_53dbb4d9b2c138ff9b4f356ff8a50d79","title":"Confidentiality","order":0},{"id":"seed_68c3afe6446b4ec27e0f026c7ad13a82","title":"Integrity","order":1},{"id":"seed_f8982002b796a2a5a09063fe7b75ae0f","title":"Availability","order":2},{"id":"seed_5ef8c87d9c45b3d9b0f37e9dae834d80","title":"Authentication","order":3},{"id":"seed_154f89daf5e62454ebeb897cca3f71a5","title":"Authorization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_57d09e513d060d1b3ad6bbddc88532a7","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Protection Domains","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"protection-domains","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_5c753b35203cc114ab0a69f576b6c06d","title":"Domain Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_1e0989f7ac89baf7905d4390e641c17d","title":"Domain Switching","order":1},{"id":"seed_d09ae58acde922c1e826feab5f294cde","title":"Protection Rings","order":2},{"id":"seed_9d16318db0f83a901e8af42ee6c95f35","title":"Least Privilege","order":3},{"id":"seed_9f4c7c758f7b46159fa0bea60d77d6c1","title":"Domain Implementation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_4c9a659dab4610c51609c717f5360107","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Access Matrix: The Foundation of Access Control","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"access-matrix","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_0f6032e729f70ed3db070092b4271fc2","title":"Access Matrix Model","order":0},{"id":"seed_93578a1a26d9e3172c1dcda27a0e072b","title":"Subjects and Objects","order":1},{"id":"seed_143ec90afd6b4e7f8b822881abbfa674","title":"Access Rights","order":2},{"id":"seed_eaa55c3ac804bc857f58360927f52b76","title":"Matrix Implementation","order":3},{"id":"seed_9b6db51d303fa6d654e096b6ae63ee97","title":"Size Considerations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2d052e562006a3a7735c7a2731f4776e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Access Control Lists","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"access-control-lists","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ed63777e33a03d3a0d1a25f3182fe2e6","title":"ACL Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_bad467d98acad3e7ad47fba0fc87ee3d","title":"ACL Entries","order":1},{"id":"seed_388db2e812549a0eef2437b2ced3940f","title":"Default Permissions","order":2},{"id":"seed_02d392ab1e9abf6dc0e4f373cbe6a1a1","title":"ACL Inheritance","order":3},{"id":"seed_33cc0160dbca42ea293ad42028cd83ae","title":"ACL Performance","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_d95afefaba73cc8166ed7c4fc0621d55","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Capabilities","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"capabilities","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_db119d669d400e9255546348691da4e1","title":"Capability Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_bff77ac3e95813fc084ddca39a7f508b","title":"Capability Lists","order":1},{"id":"seed_ba442d0c1267b8a9fe896599c519a505","title":"Capability Delegation","order":2},{"id":"seed_b69e2531659c40d4bcea345e8f615c8d","title":"Capability Revocation","order":3},{"id":"seed_be772922fe2650741718c25dc22319c0","title":"Capabilities vs ACLs","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e5aacf65753fcef0f1e2de0ff83eeb8c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 33: Protection Mechanisms","sectionOrder":39,"title":"Sandboxing","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"sandboxing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_5dc6fd524592866721ca26c4035bb901","title":"Sandbox Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_80c7924e50a85f2b33cddfbd6ecb981e","title":"Process Sandboxing","order":1},{"id":"seed_1f4b1906bc96352febf37f476dda3e32","title":"System Call Filtering","order":2},{"id":"seed_ad557cca57505df4f2ac73f1a7b42b3a","title":"seccomp","order":3},{"id":"seed_337d9eb899e7a50382d038405f9f8b7e","title":"Container Isolation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_661f04c10476a36ba0b1dc15089d8af6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Security Threats","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"security-threats","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_88eb3151c62f952ba58ddec33091de9a","title":"Threat Categories","order":0},{"id":"seed_f48619d52d2c64e22a11d5cd6d5feb59","title":"Malware Types","order":1},{"id":"seed_91822ce2750120568560355ba457e612","title":"Attack Vectors","order":2},{"id":"seed_b9f7d90dbfc495dbcb66b5ea03ea7a22","title":"Threat Modeling","order":3},{"id":"seed_c2389d161cd6a276f41922f52abbb573","title":"Risk Assessment","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_c0ced91be0f6156afc67e942bb07a1e6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Authentication","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-authentication","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_604d70f9d3b3f2a37b5dff78c6d2aa3e","title":"Password Authentication","order":0},{"id":"seed_cb7f3e37c5b446aab5e0f024cf277017","title":"Multi-Factor Authentication","order":1},{"id":"seed_332ab3b9700a09d422357f8846393731","title":"Biometrics","order":2},{"id":"seed_aacdf017a55abc0367fe415ccab59c62","title":"Authentication Protocols","order":3},{"id":"seed_aac303edb518adcdb9b807b9b97b29da","title":"Password Storage","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_b55aa2d35564316630cec01ae1473791","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Authorization: Controlling Access to System Resources","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"authorization","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_cd5534f3fe70dd822cc13ea230052f81","title":"Authorization Models","order":0},{"id":"seed_b65132bd9ecab3591b28880cff91e9f4","title":"Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)","order":1},{"id":"seed_87cf81c13d9a7438935c457ebdd9154d","title":"Mandatory Access Control (MAC)","order":2},{"id":"seed_46a4873081e570c25d4b7cda8ee00086","title":"Discretionary Access Control (DAC)","order":3},{"id":"seed_e76ccf197138b66b0592dba3f783cac8","title":"Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_7d982ddbf20076ad51ffe2947767fe14","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Cryptography Basics","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cryptography-basics","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_cf83cd47c66060846c9491fecc1e39c5","title":"Symmetric Encryption","order":0},{"id":"seed_8e390f1aec514b1567be6a9e3aff9ccb","title":"Asymmetric Encryption","order":1},{"id":"seed_b2777d02087e71bd1375691db56a14c2","title":"Hash Functions","order":2},{"id":"seed_735cefe0d44b68679fb60046355de910","title":"Digital Signatures","order":3},{"id":"seed_8067867a5f2b3060da323e148d918b47","title":"Key Management","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_166a436e93afef09445829f03c244683","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Secure Communication","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"secure-communication","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ca98cc0ce14335e58e73e39d800fea33","title":"TLS/SSL","order":0},{"id":"seed_25578136fbb2043a292da3da79a2597a","title":"Secure Channels","order":1},{"id":"seed_3603361fbf8e3067bdb5ed77ce500298","title":"Certificate Authorities","order":2},{"id":"seed_d7f62783ce777988974f0157daeba4a9","title":"Key Exchange","order":3},{"id":"seed_31dd564d7ecf3bb1637723aa5b6589fd","title":"Perfect Forward Secrecy","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e85c81bbb33e0b8b7c0ee57efadc6eda","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 34: Security Fundamentals","sectionOrder":40,"title":"Auditing and Logging","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"auditing-and-logging","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_455ad52eb07b799c386afbb590e8c494","title":"Audit Trails","order":0},{"id":"seed_3a17ef13c65fe7a44ea19cca12f0e794","title":"Log Management","order":1},{"id":"seed_a60eb990a60d25e854e5dee84183b024","title":"Intrusion Detection","order":2},{"id":"seed_20a19e5585d7a7aab324cbef1ca44078","title":"Log Analysis","order":3},{"id":"seed_1a17150b7991123d9f4d3c61ccb0ed7c","title":"Compliance","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a09ed2e8a0d6ff26dbc713556ceaa501","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Buffer Overflow Attacks","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"buffer-overflow-attacks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_cc66421854a77f44e9ef8968df1bf478","title":"Buffer Overflow Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_a892c5f3296aa7462a6c7eb9dcc724ec","title":"Stack Smashing","order":1},{"id":"seed_9bccd3a1c88e1fb58c6949793f2921fc","title":"Code Injection","order":2},{"id":"seed_5f948f2e53c877ca788a1c4aaa264dfe","title":"Return-Oriented Programming","order":3},{"id":"seed_b913e16e38f41653d8b954bbbe54250d","title":"Prevention Techniques","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_88490dee40ff1c17bc1d7cc7a5fc2737","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Defense Mechanisms","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"defense-mechanisms","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_a44b34a3162e27c2ea4cd1c67160a81e","title":"Stack Canaries","order":0},{"id":"seed_2670b0201deb82ebd1ed504c5043dedb","title":"ASLR (Address Space Layout Randomization)","order":1},{"id":"seed_561a81c53b659c56db70c1c90e2af426","title":"DEP (Data Execution Prevention)","order":2},{"id":"seed_58fff62ffc57b7627aafe727afcf3fd6","title":"Stack Protection","order":3},{"id":"seed_a28687fd8ddf12dee3832f86a9bb942f","title":"Compiler Protections","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_3c885ca5f084f5a46db11b2f4904505c","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"SELinux: Security-Enhanced Linux","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"selinux","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_987a2577746d64273a59ef3092178123","title":"Mandatory Access Control","order":0},{"id":"seed_f068f247ac951dd577f440356d3434d0","title":"SELinux Policies","order":1},{"id":"seed_a9ae5230f47ece334222b727bd91224d","title":"Contexts and Labels","order":2},{"id":"seed_cf7a85a2e15a1613af6721fbcb74ca56","title":"Type Enforcement","order":3},{"id":"seed_e225f26d60a8e1ec4d780f3671c546e5","title":"Policy Management","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_53f8367ac99085d8b9f1636f6e40e250","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Secure Boot: Establishing Trust from Power-On","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"secure-boot","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1a585e0df10402a824ebebe36fe1858f","title":"Trusted Boot Process","order":0},{"id":"seed_4967ba55eaa9712e4aaccc35705784e8","title":"UEFI Secure Boot","order":1},{"id":"seed_96cac61bd6cb74d33d91eabbb1367ecd","title":"Boot Chain Verification","order":2},{"id":"seed_c430876fe70ace33cb4c46a68dbbaed2","title":"TPM (Trusted Platform Module)","order":3},{"id":"seed_3ba1953dfb1ea9e84d6c3890f1d47136","title":"Measured Boot","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2fd02ecee39dc208c34829e2cc433bf1","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Hardware Security Vulnerabilities","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hardware-security","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_8e3a61235e6fdb2fae2fa86bb4c0b184","title":"Spectre Vulnerability","order":0},{"id":"seed_e7baa3f31269db72017deb0b2076e494","title":"Meltdown Vulnerability","order":1},{"id":"seed_378c768ba5ad1b94dd7586542d2e3c35","title":"Side-Channel Attacks","order":2},{"id":"seed_da47988253cc15018eeb8cc2f691c6bc","title":"Hardware Mitigations","order":3},{"id":"seed_2c702787a2b42eb33409b94dc52c6418","title":"Security Updates","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ebd27878fc4e4cb03d9f14ded9fafa8e","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 35: Security In Practice","sectionOrder":41,"title":"Security Best Practices","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"security-best-practices","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ad07a459e6a7512bc0092fe8cde258dc","title":"Principle of Least Privilege","order":0},{"id":"seed_f59c38ff5dca4cb6d0cb000138264a10","title":"Defense in Depth","order":1},{"id":"seed_98e2caacda2607286a3efe8b10ba7584","title":"Security Updates","order":2},{"id":"seed_ceef2753c7a1837d70f78d097acfdb4a","title":"Vulnerability Management","order":3},{"id":"seed_629c8ae2b99ba8096f155b47d2dc061a","title":"Security Hardening","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_47e2f9add150afb6f6a6573256e2c78d","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Virtualization Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"virtualization-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_82000ebfce846ca0a779f361dd9c9f2f","title":"Virtual Machine Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_cab0ef7ab267151300c241950d585447","title":"Host and Guest","order":1},{"id":"seed_ebac59ebf13552444ccc721994285704","title":"Virtualization Benefits","order":2},{"id":"seed_e0218a1741f0b53602dda2a5d9827136","title":"Virtualization Overhead","order":3},{"id":"seed_4ad7ed9898aa86ba1d66b68a96aaef72","title":"Use Cases","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2968c0434f11eeb6c77f487eba6bb291","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Hypervisor Types: Architecture and Implementation","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hypervisor-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e977923e4a0aae25a7b329cda8a09f8b","title":"Type 1 Hypervisors (Bare Metal)","order":0},{"id":"seed_7bec8e50b4e54ccd0a35697fac59ca2e","title":"Type 2 Hypervisors (Hosted)","order":1},{"id":"seed_a57637afbd0ff9910be47c5108035603","title":"Hypervisor Comparison","order":2},{"id":"seed_954de709f04f223b50fc893018f4bebe","title":"Hypervisor Examples: Xen, KVM, VMware","order":3},{"id":"seed_a1db83e31d0d788a0a3382fd04e2aebd","title":"Hypervisor Security","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9b32a7d354aba80297085f1317152615","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Hardware Virtualization Support","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"hardware-virtualization-support","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_2feffa5ed509e1b024f6876deb8de9c6","title":"Intel VT-x","order":0},{"id":"seed_7769445f17751518e7fbeba180bf6192","title":"AMD-V","order":1},{"id":"seed_5ba09fbcbe0efb095d5387f85d4e8895","title":"Extended Page Tables","order":2},{"id":"seed_ab6cacabaa21ff2954f8545e83a112e7","title":"I/O Virtualization (VT-d)","order":3},{"id":"seed_1d7d090f4c305fcf7e186a569c96be9f","title":"Performance Acceleration","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_ae57234d6ead69d3f5f3d05a27b6571a","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Paravirtualization","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"paravirtualization","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_07f3df4f36abeda2ae9a241a93c93f2c","title":"Paravirtualization Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_bc847adc378f5b58ff358f5d38a7e1e8","title":"Guest Modification","order":1},{"id":"seed_9bfdd9234013967efb672bbb67e07b36","title":"Hypercalls","order":2},{"id":"seed_b6aff62b21b9450574b9cd2bbc7d77a7","title":"Performance Benefits","order":3},{"id":"seed_024ff174d375d1148a6a1e2fffc9050b","title":"Xen Paravirtualization","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_266acd941f8f2406cd8a88df011fc9f5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Containers","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"containers","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_d2b34717089746bbbdb0e67a67cdea7f","title":"Container Concept","order":0},{"id":"seed_afce0bbd9cac20e094f2514ccd1a7bcb","title":"Containers vs Virtual Machines","order":1},{"id":"seed_1f45c065a5c5022c55016c1ffd672d79","title":"Docker Architecture","order":2},{"id":"seed_969c74c2ae654f285bd426187b1d3dc9","title":"Container Images","order":3},{"id":"seed_b025defbc6bf45b2a951c4462a9c53a9","title":"Container Orchestration","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_f3e720331ca608163176e6e083d6d993","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 36: Virtualization","sectionOrder":42,"title":"Linux Namespaces and Control Groups","order":6,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"namespaces-and-cgroups","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_3bff9d7a1b331a28fe14d2de64b968e9","title":"Linux Namespaces","order":0},{"id":"seed_3b567377d4626706cce9eebd990c4872","title":"PID, Network, Mount Namespaces","order":1},{"id":"seed_e0dfd33ba3849500a6ab1dbcc0f38931","title":"cgroups (Control Groups)","order":2},{"id":"seed_ce6a824093b6b64e4511d1d5b8dcd461","title":"Resource Limiting","order":3},{"id":"seed_daa2623629640c68751d693460ba72d0","title":"Container Isolation","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_c67c51597f380f37ebb931c1ca2a8228","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Distributed System Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-system-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_71c5e90d77b54839ae1b1ce74af6c969","title":"Distribution Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_38b74e61ab9f5988abaa39673a8852f4","title":"Transparency Types","order":1},{"id":"seed_0da6ccb63c2ba1f9240e179ec9e4d219","title":"Scalability","order":2},{"id":"seed_de5510663a8313ecb28630f67fab9b11","title":"Fault Tolerance","order":3},{"id":"seed_a1675de8af59b928e4a9862847cbd062","title":"Consistency Challenges","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_5020ea10920f2ccac9fac6814bc1fbce","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Communication in Distributed Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-communication","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ba9be4dcfa3419bb723ba3f4fe6bf9f2","title":"Message Passing","order":0},{"id":"seed_6153257929bfc499b851b1ff02d47af1","title":"Remote Procedure Calls (RPC)","order":1},{"id":"seed_c8047f9b84ae558714f33217be309b80","title":"REST and gRPC","order":2},{"id":"seed_3bc83501c40c1d8a219ba84acf9e9a17","title":"Sockets","order":3},{"id":"seed_f6b45b40031e7aa0d1895b6b68b0b57b","title":"Message Queues","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_95cf1ce4325b68ee048ba986103c9155","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Distributed Clocks and Time Synchronization","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-clocks","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_efd4ae6c341b1bbd08331a8166a3840c","title":"Clock Synchronization","order":0},{"id":"seed_48013d233e349f5b4bf752726e3d6ab0","title":"Logical Clocks (Lamport)","order":1},{"id":"seed_c4766b9498a073eb5da5bcbc859e8c8c","title":"Vector Clocks","order":2},{"id":"seed_ee3fccd344712dbc185bc364b248ce90","title":"NTP (Network Time Protocol)","order":3},{"id":"seed_d3d845e00794be651c5a1a3ab3c8ee87","title":"Clock Drift","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_07d7f230ea620df583b7f981cee9a418","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Distributed Coordination","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"distributed-coordination","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_106ac504d2122803a9983de4236a5541","title":"Leader Election","order":0},{"id":"seed_feb73c57b5ef5d024303c782f86e27bf","title":"Consensus Algorithms","order":1},{"id":"seed_88eb446bdbce18e9363fc454de301cfc","title":"Paxos Basics","order":2},{"id":"seed_e9785a337f73b7ef4fda5afc74cd81d1","title":"Raft Basics","order":3},{"id":"seed_89e5812b353f9d107831797cc0819de7","title":"Distributed Locks","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8016eb77a27f90d20ec661baafebcdaf","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 37: Distributed Systems Basics","sectionOrder":43,"title":"Cloud Computing","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"cloud-computing","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e4254872ecb2f99773ba0bbe48d613f9","title":"Cloud Service Models","order":0},{"id":"seed_5ae868dd4b23b7d2d257dcfb05fb51fb","title":"IaaS, PaaS, SaaS","order":1},{"id":"seed_b9fbdd0596c6613169e68362b328c68f","title":"Virtualization in Cloud","order":2},{"id":"seed_0674f8021b38249ed97a8790db1a71d5","title":"Container Orchestration (Kubernetes)","order":3},{"id":"seed_4408b9260cb80eb574486eb147321ee7","title":"Cloud OS Considerations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_fcf64e71390497b8acc672168e76eda0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Real-Time Operating System Concepts","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"real-time-concepts","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_6a0223ecafa7de140c893c99dd23789c","title":"Real-Time Definition","order":0},{"id":"seed_9127465fd68fbcbdebaf09c428b28be1","title":"Hard vs Soft Real-Time","order":1},{"id":"seed_e16589eee105cd7c461195b2375d5523","title":"Deadlines","order":2},{"id":"seed_347bab7180379ad30256fa7476e1dfdb","title":"Predictability","order":3},{"id":"seed_722a193f6e2acbc84be18a21ecd25fe8","title":"Real-Time Applications","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_469662648f26ffac0c451852d788fcd6","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Priority Inversion","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"priority-inversion","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_0219e6480865644ba86085d7d2f6ba95","title":"Priority Inversion Problem","order":0},{"id":"seed_5f0d5860b98ac82a227701f2f1610fd2","title":"Mars Pathfinder Incident","order":1},{"id":"seed_89019c547c2812a880b4359a747d877c","title":"Priority Inheritance","order":2},{"id":"seed_828e9e8d62ae737e3f5c311a2efe1d6d","title":"Priority Ceiling","order":3},{"id":"seed_80c2661556616d3f8933dbc8aed7a9ba","title":"Resource Access Protocols","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_98b407e4e164750e3a68981a098f74ef","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Real-Time OS Features","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"real-time-os-features","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_ca8071d74f1b6222e74d66a0357f6a06","title":"Minimal Latency","order":0},{"id":"seed_5b81e87f5c4884d99617ad9012d7f928","title":"Deterministic Behavior","order":1},{"id":"seed_2324ad944304063514a824018154390c","title":"Interrupt Handling","order":2},{"id":"seed_d4497b2cbdab6cccd3689707a7ba6cee","title":"Timer Resolution","order":3},{"id":"seed_c1c6e7b0f5bd04b29ce0f8efd9343af0","title":"Memory Management","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_abd44044a3a187d5af92b7716924a3a0","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"Real-Time Linux","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"real-time-linux","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_4a08bb80d72cfeb0031682a98e5edc58","title":"PREEMPT_RT Patch","order":0},{"id":"seed_6c1545595b32e938c5c8774d86b46d83","title":"Real-Time Schedulers","order":1},{"id":"seed_adc35b91c4a5dbee94022937009d1b22","title":"Latency Reduction","order":2},{"id":"seed_2b09d12d7972cfe70a8df8da3bf6f656","title":"RT-Linux","order":3},{"id":"seed_ba0494d98bb38a35ed1508753de9b64a","title":"Application Guidelines","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_9e6d4f577a93d716f3e7fbf19a9c0e64","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 38: Real Time Operating Systems","sectionOrder":44,"title":"RTOS Examples","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"rtos-examples","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_475737fc7a8a45ec67227747149925cd","title":"FreeRTOS","order":0},{"id":"seed_b262ace2b9f31ca2abc8524af82c223c","title":"VxWorks","order":1},{"id":"seed_39d3887aba0dabdc076d74661dc6437b","title":"QNX","order":2},{"id":"seed_9c66d456de19395bdd6465f31dba3fa8","title":"Embedded Systems","order":3},{"id":"seed_5b315d046e1a6a27ab380ff273584db0","title":"Automotive Systems","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_3f88e5cb45ad5060c9edf802a12f37c5","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux Kernel Architecture","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-kernel-architecture","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_986d690d689e8b4fd550b5a5d655ad6f","title":"Monolithic with Modules","order":0},{"id":"seed_8a3bca7033e52d560b4320f0d63c7cc5","title":"Kernel Source Structure","order":1},{"id":"seed_c1acb1677a058a871ce0e5343f0b6d5e","title":"Kernel Configuration","order":2},{"id":"seed_9e4bc6a41b1e7f3c8fff11239bb3276a","title":"Kernel Compilation","order":3},{"id":"seed_d6aebed7d7f19a427dd6692c2f09ce26","title":"Kernel Versioning","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2c41c3e1c0341c349751860904901bdd","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux Process Management","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-process-management","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_09850e9faf411aee3dec4fb19e5cb799","title":"task_struct: The Heart of Linux Process Representation","order":0},{"id":"seed_04b090bc6b2fe8da3baf5a90d8b117dd","title":"Process Creation: The do_fork Mechanism","order":1},{"id":"seed_7a086f07468c7dbe20c03d818c755a24","title":"Scheduling Classes: Linux's Modular Scheduler Architecture","order":2},{"id":"seed_904f0b1f374430228bee0e121cda3ffd","title":"CFS Implementation: The Completely Fair Scheduler","order":3},{"id":"seed_9f1832da2a35bcdbed055241e62551ff","title":"Process States: The Task Lifecycle","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_8c94706184061e777cf1aaedccb0cc01","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux File Systems","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-file-systems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e2859b01fc6cbf6d1a19336725638db3","title":"VFS Implementation","order":0},{"id":"seed_3a417e8e0db5a9c294038a1fb563583e","title":"ext4 Internals","order":1},{"id":"seed_210c32586bede4f34fb27cd323588920","title":"Block I/O Layer","order":2},{"id":"seed_00a0da083a32df259b332e78ecffe30d","title":"Page Cache","order":3},{"id":"seed_3c3821d4def5b6d107bdbeaca20a66e0","title":"File Operations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_a8c39b926ec49c0218ba46234e830728","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"Linux Networking","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"linux-networking","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_1083c2c7b0b3029cb799e47582801288","title":"Socket Layer","order":0},{"id":"seed_2f91d7d6c85bdc11bb9b4f0725953fcb","title":"Protocol Stack","order":1},{"id":"seed_528d17ee03da3ac52d1937d4cd68a39c","title":"Network Namespaces","order":2},{"id":"seed_56f29002a590e05f7f7ab263c0f1aa7e","title":"TCP/IP Implementation","order":3},{"id":"seed_4f34a063875b32a275de79c20484fee5","title":"Packet Flow","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_0740281df0c7941405c2dd7a5d6961fa","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 39: Linux Internals","sectionOrder":45,"title":"eBPF: The Linux Kernel's Programmability Revolution","order":5,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"ebpf","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_7b42afc3b029738ac8f5ebbfe6539b88","title":"eBPF Overview","order":0},{"id":"seed_32b50868c1b105951253a7e23b8f5354","title":"eBPF Programs","order":1},{"id":"seed_9a5b1cdc78c6a32f9f743a65b19947fc","title":"Tracing and Observability","order":2},{"id":"seed_7c5409e00a6f6bd3b1d60474313b912c","title":"Networking Use Cases","order":3},{"id":"seed_859be2212f960fe4733b5ee46d12dea5","title":"Security Applications","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_c2ecb2e85e9e2d5627d3d741590fec9f","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design And Interview","sectionOrder":46,"title":"Operating System Design Principles","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-design-principles","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_8f5f42b40a15c8d6541c6f5a3c8dfea1","title":"Separation of Concerns","order":0},{"id":"seed_8cabcec891180478c931779a5340a792","title":"Modularity","order":1},{"id":"seed_04835217784d72acf47feb753f0b2763","title":"Abstraction Layers","order":2},{"id":"seed_ec52d23ce4693018d39d0324a77bcfa1","title":"Policy vs Mechanism","order":3},{"id":"seed_74155ab4ebba471c2c7efa51bbd19b87","title":"Design Tradeoffs","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_bc3130db7917207d80f7ae4ef50a9318","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design And Interview","sectionOrder":46,"title":"Interview Problem Types","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"interview-problem-types","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_dc50c4e9e564a79edb58e2d340633658","title":"Scheduling Problems","order":0},{"id":"seed_f0d9c76d84e249e017e1c1dd24baa60d","title":"Synchronization Problems","order":1},{"id":"seed_1b6c23fae7e1ac41acc8b3ba5c1470d6","title":"Memory Calculations","order":2},{"id":"seed_d51a0a5776c86dff5ef28686ebf413cb","title":"File System Calculations","order":3},{"id":"seed_bd12ccee95159ea9dd0075bb5e8dcbb8","title":"System Design","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_e2513a76988d732572d92d681041d094","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Classic Operating System Problems","order":1,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"classic-os-problems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_e52803a99b3e47224cedfe3cd839b197","title":"Producer-Consumer Analysis","order":0},{"id":"seed_afbcc1df443f1911585db9ba42834683","title":"Readers-Writers Variations","order":1},{"id":"seed_620106732b2db0a5ade32e1461d11864","title":"Dining Philosophers Solutions","order":2},{"id":"seed_732074924e4fd30dc36952e26cf7a687","title":"Sleeping Barber Problem","order":3},{"id":"seed_e103551fe8acb8417c426178198a698a","title":"Problem-Solving Strategies","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_64eb8d30a7a4ba66acb0bd28e5e96496","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Numerical Problems in Operating Systems","order":2,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-numerical-problems","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_848a12073a6b699348a11be1ca3a64f8","title":"Process Timing Calculations","order":0},{"id":"seed_70166ff7f14c10536bdd071fd56dfd31","title":"Page Table Size Calculations","order":1},{"id":"seed_0071602135d23152cba532e184dde922","title":"TLB Hit Ratio Calculations","order":2},{"id":"seed_5ed3d44a3990ec1a212fa7f1a3e84937","title":"Disk Scheduling Seek Time Calculations","order":3},{"id":"seed_b7c3e8d00b90698caf0deb0472028b9d","title":"Memory Access Time Calculations","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_2b5c7aa0affd151ce761f39d33566b14","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Conceptual Questions","order":3,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"conceptual-questions","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_5590f2e6c6f44c8d941d1b5ac24d624f","title":"Process vs Thread Differences","order":0},{"id":"seed_3bfb39a110bfcba8a0b69cbcd7d9dbea","title":"Virtual Memory Benefits","order":1},{"id":"seed_f244723bf86caa01faf6407ed0d1c28f","title":"Deadlock Conditions","order":2},{"id":"seed_c181c214fecdabfb21b5c3937e757664","title":"File System Comparisons","order":3},{"id":"seed_d0c56cae38e63619aa707197ad309b12","title":"Security Concepts","order":4}]},{"id":"seed_53d78947ce21d614c8f2e296cfc31dec","learningPathId":"seed_37d2f8441071f52e9abfc18043cd1c3b","section":"Chapter 40: Os Design Interview","sectionOrder":47,"title":"Operating System Project Ideas","order":4,"contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"os-project-ideas","description":null,"estimatedMins":50,"createdAt":"2026-10-15T17:47:45.269Z","updatedAt":"2026-10-17T16:28:32.136Z","pages":[{"id":"seed_040668230e780364a50ddbb2efc6f33a","title":"Simple Shell","order":0},{"id":"seed_ff022bf7192228fe687fffca9622de66","title":"Custom Scheduler","order":1},{"id":"seed_46fbf023d6120711871f74f9d51aa46e","title":"Memory Allocator","order":2},{"id":"seed_fa4fc1dfe4a11345c1a7d9767d10ec5c","title":"File System Implementation","order":3},{"id":"seed_616029ea1060ac26840bb4fae1672692","title":"Mini Kernel","order":4}]}]},"currentModule":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:json:path:modules:29","prevModule":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:json:path:modules:28","nextModule":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:json:path:modules:30","allModules":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:json:path:modules"},"meta":{"values":{"path.createdAt":["Date"],"path.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.0.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.0.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.1.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.1.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.2.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.2.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.3.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.3.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.4.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.4.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.5.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.5.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.6.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.6.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.7.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.7.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.8.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.8.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.9.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.9.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.10.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.10.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.11.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.11.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.12.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.12.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.13.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.13.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.14.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.14.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.15.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.15.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.16.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.16.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.17.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.17.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.18.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.18.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.19.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.19.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.20.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.20.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.21.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.21.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.22.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.22.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.23.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.23.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.24.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.24.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.25.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.25.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.26.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.26.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.27.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.27.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.28.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.28.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.29.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.29.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.30.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.30.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.31.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.31.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.32.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.32.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.33.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.33.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.34.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.34.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.35.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.35.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.36.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.36.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.37.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.37.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.38.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.38.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.39.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.39.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.40.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.40.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.41.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.41.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.42.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.42.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.43.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.43.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.44.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.44.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.45.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.45.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.46.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.46.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.47.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.47.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.48.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.48.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.49.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.49.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.50.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.50.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.51.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.51.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.52.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.52.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.53.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.53.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.54.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.54.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.55.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.55.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.56.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.56.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.57.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.57.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.58.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.58.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.59.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.59.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.60.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.60.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.61.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.61.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.62.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.62.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.63.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.63.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.64.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.64.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.65.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.65.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.66.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.66.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.67.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.67.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.68.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.68.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.69.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.69.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.70.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.70.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.71.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.71.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.72.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.72.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.73.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.73.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.74.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.74.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.75.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.75.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.76.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.76.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.77.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.77.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.78.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.78.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.79.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.79.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.80.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.80.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.81.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.81.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.82.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.82.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.83.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.83.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.84.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.84.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.85.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.85.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.86.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.86.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.87.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.87.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.88.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.88.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.89.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.89.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.90.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.90.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.91.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.91.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.92.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.92.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.93.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.93.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.94.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.94.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.95.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.95.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.96.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.96.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.97.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.97.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.98.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.98.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.99.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.99.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.100.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.100.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.101.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.101.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.102.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.102.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.103.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.103.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.104.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.104.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.105.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.105.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.106.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.106.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.107.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.107.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.108.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.108.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.109.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.109.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.110.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.110.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.111.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.111.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.112.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.112.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.113.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.113.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.114.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.114.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.115.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.115.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.116.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.116.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.117.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.117.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.118.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.118.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.119.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.119.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.120.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.120.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.121.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.121.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.122.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.122.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.123.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.123.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.124.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.124.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.125.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.125.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.126.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.126.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.127.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.127.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.128.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.128.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.129.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.129.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.130.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.130.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.131.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.131.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.132.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.132.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.133.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.133.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.134.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.134.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.135.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.135.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.136.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.136.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.137.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.137.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.138.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.138.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.139.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.139.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.140.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.140.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.141.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.141.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.142.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.142.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.143.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.143.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.144.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.144.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.145.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.145.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.146.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.146.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.147.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.147.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.148.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.148.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.149.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.149.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.150.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.150.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.151.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.151.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.152.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.152.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.153.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.153.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.154.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.154.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.155.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.155.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.156.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.156.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.157.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.157.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.158.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.158.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.159.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.159.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.160.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.160.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.161.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.161.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.162.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.162.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.163.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.163.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.164.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.164.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.165.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.165.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.166.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.166.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.167.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.167.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.168.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.168.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.169.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.169.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.170.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.170.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.171.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.171.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.172.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.172.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.173.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.173.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.174.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.174.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.175.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.175.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.176.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.176.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.177.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.177.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.178.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.178.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.179.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.179.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.180.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.180.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.181.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.181.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.182.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.182.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.183.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.183.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.184.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.184.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.185.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.185.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.186.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.186.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.187.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.187.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.188.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.188.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.189.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.189.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.190.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.190.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.191.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.191.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.192.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.192.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.193.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.193.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.194.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.194.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.195.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.195.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.196.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.196.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.197.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.197.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.198.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.198.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.199.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.199.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.200.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.200.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.201.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.201.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.202.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.202.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.203.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.203.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.204.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.204.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.205.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.205.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.206.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.206.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.207.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.207.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.208.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.208.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.209.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.209.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.210.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.210.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.211.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.211.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.212.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.212.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.213.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.213.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.214.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.214.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.215.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.215.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.216.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.216.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.217.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.217.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.218.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.218.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.219.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.219.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.220.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.220.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.221.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.221.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.222.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.222.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.223.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.223.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.224.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.224.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.225.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.225.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.226.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.226.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.227.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.227.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.228.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.228.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.229.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.229.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.230.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.230.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.231.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.231.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.232.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.232.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.233.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.233.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.234.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.234.updatedAt":["Date"],"path.modules.235.createdAt":["Date"],"path.modules.235.updatedAt":["Date"],"currentModule.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.29.createdAt","currentModule.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.29.updatedAt","prevModule.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.28.createdAt","prevModule.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.28.updatedAt","nextModule.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.30.createdAt","nextModule.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.30.updatedAt","allModules.0.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.0.createdAt","allModules.0.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.0.updatedAt","allModules.1.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.1.createdAt","allModules.1.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.1.updatedAt","allModules.2.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.2.createdAt","allModules.2.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.2.updatedAt","allModules.3.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.3.createdAt","allModules.3.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.3.updatedAt","allModules.4.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.4.createdAt","allModules.4.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.4.updatedAt","allModules.5.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.5.createdAt","allModules.5.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.5.updatedAt","allModules.6.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.6.createdAt","allModules.6.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.6.updatedAt","allModules.7.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.7.createdAt","allModules.7.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.7.updatedAt","allModules.8.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.8.createdAt","allModules.8.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.8.updatedAt","allModules.9.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.9.createdAt","allModules.9.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.9.updatedAt","allModules.10.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.10.createdAt","allModules.10.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.10.updatedAt","allModules.11.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.11.createdAt","allModules.11.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.11.updatedAt","allModules.12.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.12.createdAt","allModules.12.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.12.updatedAt","allModules.13.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.13.createdAt","allModules.13.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.13.updatedAt","allModules.14.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.14.createdAt","allModules.14.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.14.updatedAt","allModules.15.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.15.createdAt","allModules.15.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.15.updatedAt","allModules.16.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.16.createdAt","allModules.16.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.16.updatedAt","allModules.17.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.17.createdAt","allModules.17.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.17.updatedAt","allModules.18.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.18.createdAt","allModules.18.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.18.updatedAt","allModules.19.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.19.createdAt","allModules.19.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.19.updatedAt","allModules.20.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.20.createdAt","allModules.20.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.20.updatedAt","allModules.21.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.21.createdAt","allModules.21.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.21.updatedAt","allModules.22.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.22.createdAt","allModules.22.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.22.updatedAt","allModules.23.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.23.createdAt","allModules.23.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.23.updatedAt","allModules.24.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.24.createdAt","allModules.24.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.24.updatedAt","allModules.25.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.25.createdAt","allModules.25.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.25.updatedAt","allModules.26.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.26.createdAt","allModules.26.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.26.updatedAt","allModules.27.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.27.createdAt","allModules.27.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.27.updatedAt","allModules.28.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.28.createdAt","allModules.28.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.28.updatedAt","allModules.29.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.29.createdAt","allModules.29.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.29.updatedAt","allModules.30.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.30.createdAt","allModules.30.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.30.updatedAt","allModules.31.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.31.createdAt","allModules.31.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.31.updatedAt","allModules.32.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.32.createdAt","allModules.32.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.32.updatedAt","allModules.33.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.33.createdAt","allModules.33.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.33.updatedAt","allModules.34.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.34.createdAt","allModules.34.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.34.updatedAt","allModules.35.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.35.createdAt","allModules.35.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.35.updatedAt","allModules.36.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.36.createdAt","allModules.36.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.36.updatedAt","allModules.37.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.37.createdAt","allModules.37.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.37.updatedAt","allModules.38.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.38.createdAt","allModules.38.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.38.updatedAt","allModules.39.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.39.createdAt","allModules.39.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.39.updatedAt","allModules.40.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.40.createdAt","allModules.40.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.40.updatedAt","allModules.41.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.41.createdAt","allModules.41.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.41.updatedAt","allModules.42.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.42.createdAt","allModules.42.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.42.updatedAt","allModules.43.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.43.createdAt","allModules.43.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.43.updatedAt","allModules.44.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.44.createdAt","allModules.44.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.44.updatedAt","allModules.45.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.45.createdAt","allModules.45.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.45.updatedAt","allModules.46.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.46.createdAt","allModules.46.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.46.updatedAt","allModules.47.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.47.createdAt","allModules.47.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.47.updatedAt","allModules.48.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.48.createdAt","allModules.48.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.48.updatedAt","allModules.49.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.49.createdAt","allModules.49.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.49.updatedAt","allModules.50.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.50.createdAt","allModules.50.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.50.updatedAt","allModules.51.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.51.createdAt","allModules.51.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.51.updatedAt","allModules.52.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.52.createdAt","allModules.52.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.52.updatedAt","allModules.53.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.53.createdAt","allModules.53.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.53.updatedAt","allModules.54.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.54.createdAt","allModules.54.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.54.updatedAt","allModules.55.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.55.createdAt","allModules.55.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.55.updatedAt","allModules.56.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.56.createdAt","allModules.56.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.56.updatedAt","allModules.57.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.57.createdAt","allModules.57.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.57.updatedAt","allModules.58.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.58.createdAt","allModules.58.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.58.updatedAt","allModules.59.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.59.createdAt","allModules.59.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.59.updatedAt","allModules.60.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.60.createdAt","allModules.60.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.60.updatedAt","allModules.61.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.61.createdAt","allModules.61.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.61.updatedAt","allModules.62.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.62.createdAt","allModules.62.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.62.updatedAt","allModules.63.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.63.createdAt","allModules.63.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.63.updatedAt","allModules.64.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.64.createdAt","allModules.64.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.64.updatedAt","allModules.65.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.65.createdAt","allModules.65.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.65.updatedAt","allModules.66.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.66.createdAt","allModules.66.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.66.updatedAt","allModules.67.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.67.createdAt","allModules.67.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.67.updatedAt","allModules.68.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.68.createdAt","allModules.68.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.68.updatedAt","allModules.69.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.69.createdAt","allModules.69.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.69.updatedAt","allModules.70.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.70.createdAt","allModules.70.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.70.updatedAt","allModules.71.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.71.createdAt","allModules.71.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.71.updatedAt","allModules.72.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.72.createdAt","allModules.72.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.72.updatedAt","allModules.73.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.73.createdAt","allModules.73.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.73.updatedAt","allModules.74.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.74.createdAt","allModules.74.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.74.updatedAt","allModules.75.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.75.createdAt","allModules.75.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.75.updatedAt","allModules.76.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.76.createdAt","allModules.76.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.76.updatedAt","allModules.77.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.77.createdAt","allModules.77.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.77.updatedAt","allModules.78.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.78.createdAt","allModules.78.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.78.updatedAt","allModules.79.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.79.createdAt","allModules.79.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.79.updatedAt","allModules.80.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.80.createdAt","allModules.80.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.80.updatedAt","allModules.81.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.81.createdAt","allModules.81.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.81.updatedAt","allModules.82.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.82.createdAt","allModules.82.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.82.updatedAt","allModules.83.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.83.createdAt","allModules.83.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.83.updatedAt","allModules.84.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.84.createdAt","allModules.84.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.84.updatedAt","allModules.85.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.85.createdAt","allModules.85.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.85.updatedAt","allModules.86.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.86.createdAt","allModules.86.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.86.updatedAt","allModules.87.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.87.createdAt","allModules.87.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.87.updatedAt","allModules.88.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.88.createdAt","allModules.88.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.88.updatedAt","allModules.89.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.89.createdAt","allModules.89.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.89.updatedAt","allModules.90.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.90.createdAt","allModules.90.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.90.updatedAt","allModules.91.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.91.createdAt","allModules.91.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.91.updatedAt","allModules.92.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.92.createdAt","allModules.92.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.92.updatedAt","allModules.93.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.93.createdAt","allModules.93.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.93.updatedAt","allModules.94.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.94.createdAt","allModules.94.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.94.updatedAt","allModules.95.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.95.createdAt","allModules.95.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.95.updatedAt","allModules.96.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.96.createdAt","allModules.96.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.96.updatedAt","allModules.97.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.97.createdAt","allModules.97.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.97.updatedAt","allModules.98.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.98.createdAt","allModules.98.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.98.updatedAt","allModules.99.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.99.createdAt","allModules.99.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.99.updatedAt","allModules.100.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.100.createdAt","allModules.100.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.100.updatedAt","allModules.101.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.101.createdAt","allModules.101.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.101.updatedAt","allModules.102.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.102.createdAt","allModules.102.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.102.updatedAt","allModules.103.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.103.createdAt","allModules.103.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.103.updatedAt","allModules.104.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.104.createdAt","allModules.104.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.104.updatedAt","allModules.105.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.105.createdAt","allModules.105.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.105.updatedAt","allModules.106.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.106.createdAt","allModules.106.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.106.updatedAt","allModules.107.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.107.createdAt","allModules.107.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.107.updatedAt","allModules.108.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.108.createdAt","allModules.108.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.108.updatedAt","allModules.109.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.109.createdAt","allModules.109.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.109.updatedAt","allModules.110.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.110.createdAt","allModules.110.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.110.updatedAt","allModules.111.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.111.createdAt","allModules.111.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.111.updatedAt","allModules.112.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.112.createdAt","allModules.112.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.112.updatedAt","allModules.113.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.113.createdAt","allModules.113.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.113.updatedAt","allModules.114.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.114.createdAt","allModules.114.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.114.updatedAt","allModules.115.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.115.createdAt","allModules.115.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.115.updatedAt","allModules.116.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.116.createdAt","allModules.116.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.116.updatedAt","allModules.117.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.117.createdAt","allModules.117.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.117.updatedAt","allModules.118.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.118.createdAt","allModules.118.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.118.updatedAt","allModules.119.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.119.createdAt","allModules.119.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.119.updatedAt","allModules.120.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.120.createdAt","allModules.120.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.120.updatedAt","allModules.121.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.121.createdAt","allModules.121.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.121.updatedAt","allModules.122.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.122.createdAt","allModules.122.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.122.updatedAt","allModules.123.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.123.createdAt","allModules.123.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.123.updatedAt","allModules.124.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.124.createdAt","allModules.124.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.124.updatedAt","allModules.125.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.125.createdAt","allModules.125.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.125.updatedAt","allModules.126.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.126.createdAt","allModules.126.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.126.updatedAt","allModules.127.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.127.createdAt","allModules.127.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.127.updatedAt","allModules.128.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.128.createdAt","allModules.128.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.128.updatedAt","allModules.129.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.129.createdAt","allModules.129.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.129.updatedAt","allModules.130.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.130.createdAt","allModules.130.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.130.updatedAt","allModules.131.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.131.createdAt","allModules.131.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.131.updatedAt","allModules.132.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.132.createdAt","allModules.132.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.132.updatedAt","allModules.133.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.133.createdAt","allModules.133.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.133.updatedAt","allModules.134.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.134.createdAt","allModules.134.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.134.updatedAt","allModules.135.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.135.createdAt","allModules.135.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.135.updatedAt","allModules.136.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.136.createdAt","allModules.136.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.136.updatedAt","allModules.137.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.137.createdAt","allModules.137.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.137.updatedAt","allModules.138.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.138.createdAt","allModules.138.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.138.updatedAt","allModules.139.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.139.createdAt","allModules.139.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.139.updatedAt","allModules.140.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.140.createdAt","allModules.140.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.140.updatedAt","allModules.141.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.141.createdAt","allModules.141.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.141.updatedAt","allModules.142.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.142.createdAt","allModules.142.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.142.updatedAt","allModules.143.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.143.createdAt","allModules.143.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.143.updatedAt","allModules.144.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.144.createdAt","allModules.144.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.144.updatedAt","allModules.145.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.145.createdAt","allModules.145.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.145.updatedAt","allModules.146.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.146.createdAt","allModules.146.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.146.updatedAt","allModules.147.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.147.createdAt","allModules.147.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.147.updatedAt","allModules.148.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.148.createdAt","allModules.148.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.148.updatedAt","allModules.149.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.149.createdAt","allModules.149.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.149.updatedAt","allModules.150.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.150.createdAt","allModules.150.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.150.updatedAt","allModules.151.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.151.createdAt","allModules.151.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.151.updatedAt","allModules.152.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.152.createdAt","allModules.152.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.152.updatedAt","allModules.153.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.153.createdAt","allModules.153.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.153.updatedAt","allModules.154.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.154.createdAt","allModules.154.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.154.updatedAt","allModules.155.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.155.createdAt","allModules.155.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.155.updatedAt","allModules.156.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.156.createdAt","allModules.156.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.156.updatedAt","allModules.157.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.157.createdAt","allModules.157.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.157.updatedAt","allModules.158.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.158.createdAt","allModules.158.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.158.updatedAt","allModules.159.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.159.createdAt","allModules.159.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.159.updatedAt","allModules.160.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.160.createdAt","allModules.160.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.160.updatedAt","allModules.161.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.161.createdAt","allModules.161.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.161.updatedAt","allModules.162.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.162.createdAt","allModules.162.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.162.updatedAt","allModules.163.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.163.createdAt","allModules.163.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.163.updatedAt","allModules.164.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.164.createdAt","allModules.164.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.164.updatedAt","allModules.165.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.165.createdAt","allModules.165.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.165.updatedAt","allModules.166.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.166.createdAt","allModules.166.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.166.updatedAt","allModules.167.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.167.createdAt","allModules.167.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.167.updatedAt","allModules.168.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.168.createdAt","allModules.168.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.168.updatedAt","allModules.169.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.169.createdAt","allModules.169.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.169.updatedAt","allModules.170.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.170.createdAt","allModules.170.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.170.updatedAt","allModules.171.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.171.createdAt","allModules.171.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.171.updatedAt","allModules.172.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.172.createdAt","allModules.172.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.172.updatedAt","allModules.173.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.173.createdAt","allModules.173.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.173.updatedAt","allModules.174.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.174.createdAt","allModules.174.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.174.updatedAt","allModules.175.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.175.createdAt","allModules.175.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.175.updatedAt","allModules.176.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.176.createdAt","allModules.176.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.176.updatedAt","allModules.177.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.177.createdAt","allModules.177.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.177.updatedAt","allModules.178.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.178.createdAt","allModules.178.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.178.updatedAt","allModules.179.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.179.createdAt","allModules.179.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.179.updatedAt","allModules.180.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.180.createdAt","allModules.180.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.180.updatedAt","allModules.181.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.181.createdAt","allModules.181.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.181.updatedAt","allModules.182.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.182.createdAt","allModules.182.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.182.updatedAt","allModules.183.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.183.createdAt","allModules.183.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.183.updatedAt","allModules.184.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.184.createdAt","allModules.184.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.184.updatedAt","allModules.185.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.185.createdAt","allModules.185.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.185.updatedAt","allModules.186.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.186.createdAt","allModules.186.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.186.updatedAt","allModules.187.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.187.createdAt","allModules.187.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.187.updatedAt","allModules.188.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.188.createdAt","allModules.188.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.188.updatedAt","allModules.189.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.189.createdAt","allModules.189.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.189.updatedAt","allModules.190.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.190.createdAt","allModules.190.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.190.updatedAt","allModules.191.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.191.createdAt","allModules.191.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.191.updatedAt","allModules.192.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.192.createdAt","allModules.192.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.192.updatedAt","allModules.193.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.193.createdAt","allModules.193.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.193.updatedAt","allModules.194.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.194.createdAt","allModules.194.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.194.updatedAt","allModules.195.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.195.createdAt","allModules.195.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.195.updatedAt","allModules.196.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.196.createdAt","allModules.196.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.196.updatedAt","allModules.197.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.197.createdAt","allModules.197.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.197.updatedAt","allModules.198.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.198.createdAt","allModules.198.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.198.updatedAt","allModules.199.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.199.createdAt","allModules.199.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.199.updatedAt","allModules.200.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.200.createdAt","allModules.200.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.200.updatedAt","allModules.201.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.201.createdAt","allModules.201.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.201.updatedAt","allModules.202.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.202.createdAt","allModules.202.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.202.updatedAt","allModules.203.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.203.createdAt","allModules.203.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.203.updatedAt","allModules.204.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.204.createdAt","allModules.204.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.204.updatedAt","allModules.205.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.205.createdAt","allModules.205.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.205.updatedAt","allModules.206.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.206.createdAt","allModules.206.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.206.updatedAt","allModules.207.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.207.createdAt","allModules.207.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.207.updatedAt","allModules.208.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.208.createdAt","allModules.208.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.208.updatedAt","allModules.209.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.209.createdAt","allModules.209.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.209.updatedAt","allModules.210.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.210.createdAt","allModules.210.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.210.updatedAt","allModules.211.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.211.createdAt","allModules.211.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.211.updatedAt","allModules.212.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.212.createdAt","allModules.212.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.212.updatedAt","allModules.213.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.213.createdAt","allModules.213.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.213.updatedAt","allModules.214.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.214.createdAt","allModules.214.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.214.updatedAt","allModules.215.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.215.createdAt","allModules.215.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.215.updatedAt","allModules.216.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.216.createdAt","allModules.216.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.216.updatedAt","allModules.217.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.217.createdAt","allModules.217.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.217.updatedAt","allModules.218.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.218.createdAt","allModules.218.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.218.updatedAt","allModules.219.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.219.createdAt","allModules.219.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.219.updatedAt","allModules.220.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.220.createdAt","allModules.220.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.220.updatedAt","allModules.221.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.221.createdAt","allModules.221.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.221.updatedAt","allModules.222.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.222.createdAt","allModules.222.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.222.updatedAt","allModules.223.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.223.createdAt","allModules.223.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.223.updatedAt","allModules.224.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.224.createdAt","allModules.224.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.224.updatedAt","allModules.225.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.225.createdAt","allModules.225.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.225.updatedAt","allModules.226.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.226.createdAt","allModules.226.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.226.updatedAt","allModules.227.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.227.createdAt","allModules.227.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.227.updatedAt","allModules.228.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.228.createdAt","allModules.228.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.228.updatedAt","allModules.229.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.229.createdAt","allModules.229.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.229.updatedAt","allModules.230.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.230.createdAt","allModules.230.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.230.updatedAt","allModules.231.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.231.createdAt","allModules.231.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.231.updatedAt","allModules.232.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.232.createdAt","allModules.232.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.232.updatedAt","allModules.233.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.233.createdAt","allModules.233.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.233.updatedAt","allModules.234.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.234.createdAt","allModules.234.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.234.updatedAt","allModules.235.createdAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.235.createdAt","allModules.235.updatedAt":"$46:props:state:queries:1:state:data:meta:values:path.modules.235.updatedAt"},"referentialEqualities":{"allModules":["path.modules"],"prevModule":["path.modules.28"],"currentModule":["path.modules.29"],"nextModule":["path.modules.30"]},"v":1}},"dataUpdateCount":1,"dataUpdatedAt":1792306354484,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"success","fetchStatus":"idle"},"queryKey":[["learningPaths","getModule"],{"input":{"pathSlug":"operating-systems","contentType":"LEARNING","contentSlug":"context-switching"},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"learningPaths\",\"getModule\"],{\"input\":{\"contentSlug\":\"context-switching\",\"contentType\":\"LEARNING\",\"pathSlug\":\"operating-systems\"},\"type\":\"query\"}]"},{"dehydratedAt":1792306354674,"state":{"data":{"json":{"id":"seed_be3122249bdde6545f36d9897008505e","slug":"context-switching","category":"Operating Systems","topic":"Context Switching","title":"Context Switching: The Heart of Multitasking","description":"Master the intricate mechanics of context switching—the fundamental operation that enables modern operating systems to execute multiple processes concurrently. Explore triggers, state preservation, restoration mechanisms, performance implications, and optimization strategies used in production kernels.","difficulty":"INTERMEDIATE","estimatedMinutes":90,"pages":[{"id":"seed_b5125625ad5a7c9d0936e7ce19a81acb","title":"What Triggers Context Switch","order":0,"content":[{"id":"opening-hook","title":"The Invisible Juggler","content":[{"data":{"content":"At this very moment, your computer is running hundreds—possibly thousands—of processes. Yet your CPU has only a handful of cores. How does a quad-core processor run 500 processes simultaneously? The answer lies in one of the most critical mechanisms in operating systems: **context switching**.\n\nA context switch is the process of storing the state of a currently running process so that execution can be resumed later, and loading the previously stored state of another process to resume its execution. This happens so rapidly—thousands or tens of thousands of times per second—that users perceive all processes as running simultaneously.\n\nBut what *triggers* these switches? Why does the operating system decide, at any given moment, to stop one process and start another? Understanding these triggers is fundamental to understanding how modern multitasking systems actually work."},"type":"text"},{"data":{"icon":"Target","title":"What You Will Learn","content":"By the end of this page, you will understand every category of event that can trigger a context switch—from timer interrupts to system calls, from I/O completion to explicit yields. You'll comprehend the kernel's decision-making process and recognize why context switches happen when they do in real-world operating systems.","variant":"info"},"type":"callout"}]},{"id":"fundamental-categories","title":"The Fundamental Categories of Context Switch Triggers","content":[{"data":{"content":"$72"},"type":"text"},{"data":{"rows":[["Initiation","Process-initiated (via system call)","Kernel-initiated (via interrupt/preemption)"],["Process Awareness","Process knows it's yielding","Process is unaware until resumed"],["Predictability","Deterministic from code path","Non-deterministic from process view"],["Common Causes","I/O wait, sleep, mutex acquisition","Timer interrupt, priority preemption"],["Process State After","Typically Waiting/Sleeping","Typically Ready (still runnable)"],["Resource Impact","Often frees resources for others","Simply time-shares the CPU"]],"caption":"Context Switch Categories: Voluntary vs. Involuntary","headers":["Aspect","Voluntary Switch","Involuntary Switch"]},"type":"table"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":1},{"id":"timer-interrupts","title":"Timer Interrupts: The Heartbeat of Preemption","content":[{"data":{"content":"$73"},"type":"text"},{"data":{"fileName":"timer_interrupt_handler.c","languages":[{"code":"$74","label":"C (Linux-style)","value":"c"}],"showLineNumbers":true},"type":"code"},{"data":{"icon":"Info","title":"The HZ Parameter and Tick Frequency","content":"In Linux, the kernel parameter HZ determines the timer interrupt frequency. Traditional values were 100 Hz (10ms ticks), but modern systems often use 250, 300, or 1000 Hz. Higher frequencies mean finer-grained preemption but increase interrupt overhead. The Linux \"tickless\" (NO_HZ) kernel can dynamically disable timer ticks on idle CPUs, saving power in data centers and laptops.","variant":"note"},"type":"callout"},{"data":{"content":"**The Time Quantum Concept:**\n\nEach process is assigned a **time quantum** (or time slice)—the maximum amount of CPU time it can use before being preempted. This value is critical:\n\n- **Too short** (e.g., 1ms): Excessive context switches, high overhead, poor throughput\n- **Too long** (e.g., 1 second): Poor interactive responsiveness, apparent system lag\n- **Well-tuned** (e.g., 4-10ms for interactive, 20-100ms for batch): Balance between responsiveness and efficiency\n\nModern systems often use **variable time quanta** based on process priority and behavior. Interactive processes (like GUI applications) receive shorter quanta for responsiveness, while batch processes receive longer quanta for throughput."},"type":"text"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":2},{"id":"system-calls-voluntary-yields","title":"System Calls: The Gateway to Voluntary Context Switches","content":[{"data":{"content":"$75"},"type":"text"},{"data":{"items":["**I/O Operations**: `read()`, `write()`, `sendto()`, `recvfrom()` — When data is not immediately available or buffers are full","**Sleep Functions**: `sleep()`, `nanosleep()`, `usleep()` — Explicit request to yield for a time duration","**Wait Functions**: `wait()`, `waitpid()` — Waiting for child process termination","**Mutex/Semaphore Operations**: `pthread_mutex_lock()`, `sem_wait()` — When lock is held by another thread","**Condition Variables**: `pthread_cond_wait()` — Waiting for a condition to be signaled","**Select/Poll/Epoll**: `select()`, `poll()`, `epoll_wait()` — Waiting for multiple file descriptors","**Futex Operations**: `futex(FUTEX_WAIT)` — Low-level userspace mutex waiting","**Explicit Yield**: `sched_yield()` — Process directly requests rescheduling"],"title":{"icon":"Zap","text":"Common System Calls That Trigger Context Switches","type":"icon","color":"primary","variant":"outline-circle"},"variant":"accent"},"type":"list"},{"data":{"fileName":"blocking_read_example.c","languages":[{"code":"$76","label":"C","value":"c"}],"showLineNumbers":true},"type":"code"},{"data":{"icon":"Lightbulb","title":"Non-Blocking I/O vs. Blocking I/O","content":"Processes can use non-blocking I/O (O_NONBLOCK flag) to avoid context switches. Instead of blocking when data isn't available, the system call returns immediately with EAGAIN/EWOULDBLOCK. This is the foundation of event-driven architectures (like Node.js or nginx) that minimize context switches by never blocking on I/O. The tradeoff: the application must poll or use epoll/kqueue to know when data is available.","variant":"tip"},"type":"callout"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":3},{"id":"interrupt-driven-switches","title":"Hardware Interrupts: External Event Triggers","content":[{"data":{"content":"$77"},"type":"text"},{"data":{"rows":[["Network Card","Packet received","Process blocked on recv()","Socket reader becomes runnable"],["Disk Controller","I/O completion","Process blocked on read()","File reader becomes runnable"],["Keyboard","Key pressed","Process blocked on getchar()","Console reader becomes runnable"],["USB Device","Data transfer complete","Process blocked on device read","USB reader becomes runnable"],["Graphics Card","VSync / frame complete","Process blocked on display sync","Graphics app becomes runnable"],["Serial Port","Data received","Process blocked on serial read","Serial reader becomes runnable"]],"caption":"Hardware Interrupts and Their Context Switch Implications","headers":["Device","Interrupt Trigger","Waiting Process","Context Switch Result"]},"type":"table"},{"data":{"fileName":"wake_up_example.c","languages":[{"code":"$78","label":"C (Linux Kernel Style)","value":"c"}],"showLineNumbers":true},"type":"code"},{"data":{"icon":"AlertCircle","title":"Interrupt Context Restrictions","content":"Interrupt handlers run in a special context where sleeping is forbidden. The handler cannot call schedule() directly. Instead, it wakes up processes and sets flags; the actual context switch happens after the interrupt handler returns. This is why kernel code must distinguish between \"can sleep\" and \"cannot sleep\" contexts—a fundamental constraint in kernel development.","variant":"warning"},"type":"callout"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":4},{"id":"priority-based-preemption","title":"Priority Preemption: Higher Priority Wins","content":[{"data":{"content":"In systems with priority scheduling, a context switch can be triggered immediately when a higher-priority process becomes runnable—even if the current process still has time remaining in its quantum. This is **priority preemption**.\n\n**When Priority Preemption Occurs:**\n\n1. **A High-Priority Process Wakes Up**: An interrupt completes I/O for a high-priority interactive process\n\n2. **A High-Priority Process is Created**: A `fork()` creates a child that inherits high priority\n\n3. **Priority is Elevated**: A process's priority is raised (e.g., via `setpriority()` or priority inheritance)\n\n4. **Real-Time Process Becomes Runnable**: Real-time processes (SCHED_FIFO, SCHED_RR in Linux) preempt normal processes immediately\n\n**The Kernel's Priority Check:**\n\nAt key points (return from interrupt, return to userspace, after wake operations), the kernel compares the current process's priority against the highest-priority runnable process. If a higher-priority process exists, preemption occurs."},"type":"text"},{"data":{"fileName":"priority_preemption.c","languages":[{"code":"$79","label":"C","value":"c"}],"showLineNumbers":true},"type":"code"},{"data":{"items":["**Priority Inversion Problem**: A high-priority task waits on a lock held by a low-priority task, while a medium-priority task runs, indefinitely blocking the high-priority task","**Mars Pathfinder Incident (1997)**: Priority inversion caused system resets on the Pathfinder spacecraft—a famous real-world example of this problem","**Priority Inheritance**: Solution where a low-priority task temporarily inherits the priority of a high-priority task waiting on its lock","**Priority Ceiling**: Alternative where locks have a priority ceiling, and tasks automatically boost to that level when holding the lock"],"title":{"icon":"Target","text":"Priority Inversion and Its Implications","type":"icon","color":"destructive","variant":"outline-circle"},"variant":"glass"},"type":"list"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":5},{"id":"signal-delivery","title":"Signal Delivery: Asynchronous Notifications","content":[{"data":{"content":"Signals in Unix-like systems are asynchronous notifications delivered to processes. Signal delivery can trigger context switches in several ways:\n\n**Signals That Wake Sleeping Processes:**\n\nWhen a signal is sent to a sleeping process (one in TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE state), the signal delivery mechanism wakes the process, potentially triggering a context switch:\n\n1. **Sender Sends Signal**: Via `kill()`, `raise()`, or kernel action (e.g., SIGSEGV)\n\n2. **Kernel Queues Signal**: The signal is added to the target process's pending signal set\n\n3. **Process is Woken**: If the process is sleeping in TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE state, it is moved to Ready\n\n4. **Scheduler Decides**: The woken process competes for CPU time\n\n5. **Signal Handler Execution**: When the process runs and returns to userspace, the signal handler executes"},"type":"text"},{"data":{"fileName":"signal_wakeup.c","languages":[{"code":"$7a","label":"C","value":"c"}],"showLineNumbers":true},"type":"code"},{"data":{"icon":"Info","title":"TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE vs TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE","content":"Linux distinguishes between TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE (can be woken by signals) and TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE (cannot be woken, even by SIGKILL). Uninterruptible sleep is used for short, critical kernel operations where waking early would corrupt data structures. The infamous 'D' state in `ps` output represents TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE—processes that cannot be killed until their I/O completes.","variant":"note"},"type":"callout"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":6},{"id":"explicit-yield","title":"Explicit Yield: Process Surrenders Voluntarily","content":[{"data":{"content":"$7b"},"type":"text"},{"data":{"fileName":"sched_yield_example.c","languages":[{"code":"$7c","label":"C","value":"c"}],"showLineNumbers":true},"type":"code"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":7},{"id":"summary-synthesis","title":"Summary: A Complete Taxonomy of Context Switch Triggers","content":[{"data":{"content":"We've examined context switch triggers from multiple angles. Let's synthesize this into a complete reference:"},"type":"text"},{"data":{"rows":[["Timer Interrupt","Involuntary","None (preempted)","Ready","Time slice exhausted"],["Blocking I/O","Voluntary","System call","Waiting","read(), write(), recv()"],["Sleep Request","Voluntary","System call","Waiting","sleep(), nanosleep()"],["Wait for Child","Voluntary","System call","Waiting","wait(), waitpid()"],["Mutex Lock","Voluntary","System call","Waiting","pthread_mutex_lock()"],["Device Interrupt","Involuntary","None (preempted)","Ready","Packet arrives, wakes higher-priority process"],["Signal Delivery","Involuntary","None (woken)","Ready","Signal to sleeping process"],["Priority Preemption","Involuntary","None (preempted)","Ready","Higher-priority process becomes runnable"],["Explicit Yield","Voluntary","System call","Ready","sched_yield()"],["Process Exit","Voluntary","System call","Terminated","exit(), _exit()"]],"caption":"Complete Taxonomy of Context Switch Triggers","headers":["Trigger","Category","Process Action","Result State","Common Scenarios"]},"type":"table"},{"data":{"type":"ordered","items":["**Context switches have definite triggers** — They don't happen randomly; each switch is caused by a specific event or condition","**The timer interrupt enables preemption** — Without it, processes could monopolize the CPU indefinitely","**Blocking system calls are the most common voluntary trigger** — I/O-bound applications generate many voluntary switches","**Hardware interrupts can wake sleeping processes** — Device I/O completion triggers wake-ups and potential preemption","**Priority preemption ensures responsiveness** — High-priority processes can preempt immediately","**Signals provide asynchronous notification** — They can wake sleeping processes and trigger immediate context switches"],"title":{"icon":"CheckCircle","text":"Key Takeaways","type":"icon","color":"primary","variant":"outline-circle"},"variant":"accent"},"type":"list"},{"data":{"icon":"CheckCircle","title":"Page Complete","content":"You now understand the complete landscape of context switch triggers—from timer interrupts to system calls to signal delivery. Next, we'll explore what happens DURING a context switch: how the kernel saves the complete execution state of the outgoing process.","variant":"success"},"type":"callout"}],"titleType":"number","titleNumber":8}],"isLocked":false},{"id":"seed_34fd1ed2a87e9cdc3a82e8c2d50ee163","title":"Saving Context: Preserving Execution State","order":1,"content":null,"isLocked":true},{"id":"seed_105c9d3a7fd505169f5560f365fd73fb","title":"Restoring Context: Resuming Execution","order":2,"content":null,"isLocked":true},{"id":"seed_90de57d08acd663aadc619b102eef418","title":"Context Switch Overhead: The Hidden Performance Cost","order":3,"content":null,"isLocked":true},{"id":"seed_80c4e2833a9a0dde113221d73b90065e","title":"Minimizing Context Switches: Strategies for Performance","order":4,"content":null,"isLocked":true}]}},"dataUpdateCount":1,"dataUpdatedAt":1792306354568,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"success","fetchStatus":"idle"},"queryKey":[["learningContent","getModule"],{"input":{"slug":"context-switching"},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"learningContent\",\"getModule\"],{\"input\":{\"slug\":\"context-switching\"},\"type\":\"query\"}]"},{"dehydratedAt":1792306354674,"state":{"data":{"json":null},"dataUpdateCount":1,"dataUpdatedAt":1792306354570,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"success","fetchStatus":"idle"},"queryKey":[["learningContent","getProgress"],{"input":{"moduleId":"seed_be3122249bdde6545f36d9897008505e"},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"learningContent\",\"getProgress\"],{\"input\":{\"moduleId\":\"seed_be3122249bdde6545f36d9897008505e\"},\"type\":\"query\"}]"},{"dehydratedAt":1792306354674,"state":{"data":{"json":null},"dataUpdateCount":1,"dataUpdatedAt":1792306354570,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"success","fetchStatus":"idle"},"queryKey":[["feedback","get"],{"input":{"contentType":"LEARNING_PAGE","contentId":"seed_34fd1ed2a87e9cdc3a82e8c2d50ee163"},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"feedback\",\"get\"],{\"input\":{\"contentId\":\"seed_34fd1ed2a87e9cdc3a82e8c2d50ee163\",\"contentType\":\"LEARNING_PAGE\"},\"type\":\"query\"}]"},{"dehydratedAt":1792306354674,"state":{"data":{"json":null},"dataUpdateCount":1,"dataUpdatedAt":1792306354570,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"success","fetchStatus":"idle"},"queryKey":[["feedback","getUserLike"],{"input":{"contentType":"LEARNING_PAGE","contentId":"seed_34fd1ed2a87e9cdc3a82e8c2d50ee163"},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"feedback\",\"getUserLike\"],{\"input\":{\"contentId\":\"seed_34fd1ed2a87e9cdc3a82e8c2d50ee163\",\"contentType\":\"LEARNING_PAGE\"},\"type\":\"query\"}]"},{"dehydratedAt":1792306354674,"state":{"data":{"json":[]},"dataUpdateCount":1,"dataUpdatedAt":1792306354570,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"success","fetchStatus":"idle"},"queryKey":[["highlights","getHighlights"],{"input":{"contentType":"LEARNING_PAGE","contentId":"seed_34fd1ed2a87e9cdc3a82e8c2d50ee163"},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"highlights\",\"getHighlights\"],{\"input\":{\"contentId\":\"seed_34fd1ed2a87e9cdc3a82e8c2d50ee163\",\"contentType\":\"LEARNING_PAGE\"},\"type\":\"query\"}]"},{"dehydratedAt":1792306354674,"state":{"data":"$undefined","dataUpdateCount":0,"dataUpdatedAt":0,"error":null,"errorUpdateCount":0,"errorUpdatedAt":0,"fetchFailureCount":0,"fetchFailureReason":null,"fetchMeta":null,"isInvalidated":false,"status":"pending","fetchStatus":"fetching"},"queryKey":[["highlights","getPopularHighlights"],{"input":{"contentType":"LEARNING_PAGE","contentId":"seed_34fd1ed2a87e9cdc3a82e8c2d50ee163","minCount":2},"type":"query"}],"queryHash":"[[\"highlights\",\"getPopularHighlights\"],{\"input\":{\"contentId\":\"seed_34fd1ed2a87e9cdc3a82e8c2d50ee163\",\"contentType\":\"LEARNING_PAGE\",\"minCount\":2},\"type\":\"query\"}]","promise":"$@7d"}]},"children":"$L7e"}]